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@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ block setup-tooling
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:marked
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:marked
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Install the **[Dart SDK](https://www.dartlang.org/downloads/)**,
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Install the **[Dart SDK](https://www.dartlang.org/downloads/)**,
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if not already on your machine, and any tools you like to use with Dart.
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if not already on your machine, and any tools you like to use with Dart.
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The Dart SDK includes **[pub][pub]**, the Dart package manager, that we
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The Dart SDK includes tools such as **[pub][pub]**, the Dart package manager.
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will be using shortly.
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If you don't have a favorite Dart editor already, try
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If you don't have a favorite Dart editor already, try
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[WebStorm][WS], which comes with a Dart plugin.
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[WebStorm][WS], which comes with a Dart plugin.
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You can also download [Dart plugins for other IDEs and editors][DT].
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You can also download [Dart plugins for other IDEs and editors][DT].
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@ -22,21 +21,23 @@ block setup-tooling
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[WS]: https://confluence.jetbrains.com/display/WI/Getting+started+with+Dart
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[WS]: https://confluence.jetbrains.com/display/WI/Getting+started+with+Dart
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[DT]: https://www.dartlang.org/tools
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[DT]: https://www.dartlang.org/tools
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[pub]: https://www.dartlang.org/tools/pub
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[pub]: https://www.dartlang.org/tools/pub
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block download-source
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block download-source
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// exclude this section from Dart
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// exclude this section from Dart
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block package-and-config-files
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block package-and-config-files
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:marked
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:marked
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In the project folder just created, put a file named
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In the project folder just created, create a file named
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**[pubspec.yaml][pubspec]** in it.
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**[pubspec.yaml][pubspec]** with the code below.
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As shown below, in `pubspec.yaml`, specify the angular2 and browser
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This pubspec must specify the **angular2** and **browser**
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packages as dependencies, as well as the angular2 transformer.
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packages as dependencies, as well as the `angular2` transformer.
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It can also specify other packages and transformers for the app to use,
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such as [dart_to_js_script_rewriter](https://pub.dartlang.org/packages/dart_to_js_script_rewriter).
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Angular 2 is still changing, so provide an exact version: **2.0.0-beta.17**.
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Angular 2 is still changing, so provide an exact version: **2.0.0-beta.17**.
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[pubspec]: https://www.dartlang.org/tools/pub/pubspec.html
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[pubspec]: https://www.dartlang.org/tools/pub/pubspec.html
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+makeExample('quickstart/dart/pubspec.yaml', 'no-rewriter', 'pubspec.yaml')
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+makeExample('quickstart/dart/pubspec.yaml', null, 'pubspec.yaml')
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block install-packages
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block install-packages
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:marked
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:marked
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@ -57,35 +58,34 @@ block create-main
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Now we need something to tell Angular to load the root component.
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Now we need something to tell Angular to load the root component.
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Create:
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Create:
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ul
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ul
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li a #[b folder named #[code web]], and inside it
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li a #[b folder named #[code web]]
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li the file #[code #[+adjExPath('app/main.ts')]] with the following content:
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li a <b>file named #[code #[+adjExPath('app/main.ts')]]</b> with the following content:
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block index-html-commentary-for-ts
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block index-html-commentary-for-ts
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//- N/A
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//- N/A
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block run-app
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block run-app
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p.
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p.
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You have a few options for running your app.
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We have a few options for running our app.
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One is to launch a local HTTP server
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One is to launch a local HTTP server
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and then view the app in
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and then view the app in
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<a href="https://www.dartlang.org/tools/dartium/">Dartium</a>.
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<a href="https://www.dartlang.org/tools/dartium/">Dartium</a>.
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You can use whatever server you like, such as WebStorm's server
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We can use any web server, such as WebStorm's server
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or Python's SimpleHTTPServer.
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or Python's SimpleHTTPServer.
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p.
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p.
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Another option is to build and serve the app using <code>pub serve</code>,
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Another option is to build and serve the app using <code>pub serve</code>,
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and then run it by visiting <b><code>http://localhost:8080</code></b> in any modern browser.
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and then run it by visiting <b><code>http://localhost:8080</code></b> in any modern browser.
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Pub serve generates JavaScript on the fly,
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Pub serve generates JavaScript on the fly,
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which can take a while when you first visit the page.
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which can take a while when first visiting the page.
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Pub serve also runs in <b><i>watch mode</i></b>, and will re-compile and subsequently serve
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Pub serve also runs in <b><i>watch mode</i></b>, and will recompile and subsequently serve
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and changed assets.
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any changed assets.
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p.
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p.
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Once the app is running, you should see the following in your browser
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Once the app is running, the browser window should show the following:
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window:
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block build-app
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block build-app
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.alert.is-important
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.alert.is-important
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:marked
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:marked
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If you don't see that, make sure you've entered all the code correctly,
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If you don't see **My First Angular 2 App**, make sure you've entered all the code correctly,
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in the [proper folders](#wrap-up),
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in the [proper folders](#wrap-up),
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and run `pub get`.
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and run `pub get`.
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@ -93,21 +93,8 @@ block build-app
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h3#section-angular-run-app Building the app (generating JavaScript)
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h3#section-angular-run-app Building the app (generating JavaScript)
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:marked
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:marked
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Before you can deploy your app, you need to generate JavaScript files.
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Before deploying the app, we need to generate JavaScript files.
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The `pub build` command makes that easy.
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The `pub build` command makes that easy.
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To improve your app's performance, convert the
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HTML file to directly include the generated JavaScript;
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one way to do that is with `dart_to_js_script_rewriter`.
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Add the `dart_to_js_script_rewriter` package to your pubspec,
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in both the `dependencies` and `transformers` sections.
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- var stylePattern = { pnk: /(dart_to_js_script_rewriter.*$)|(- dart_to_js_script_rewriter.*$)/gm, otl: /(dependencies:)|(transformers:)/g };
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+makeExample('quickstart/dart/pubspec.yaml', null, 'pubspec.yaml', stylePattern)
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p.
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Then compile your Dart code to JavaScript,
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using <code>pub build</code>.
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code-example(language="sh").
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code-example(language="sh").
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> <span class="blk">pub build</span>
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> <span class="blk">pub build</span>
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@ -115,11 +102,14 @@ block build-app
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p.
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p.
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The generated JavaScript appears, along with supporting files,
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The generated JavaScript appears, along with supporting files,
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under the <code>build</code> directory.
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under a directory named <code>build</code>.
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h4#angular_transformer Using the Angular transformer
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p.
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p.
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When you generate JavaScript for an Angular app,
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When generating JavaScript for an Angular app,
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be sure to use the Angular transformer.
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be sure to use the Angular transformer.
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It analyzes your code,
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It analyzes the Dart code,
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converting reflection-using code to static code
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converting reflection-using code to static code
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that Dart's build tools can compile to faster, smaller JavaScript.
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that Dart's build tools can compile to faster, smaller JavaScript.
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The highlighted lines in <code>pubspec.yaml</code>
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The highlighted lines in <code>pubspec.yaml</code>
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@ -130,7 +120,7 @@ block build-app
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p.
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p.
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The <code>entry_points</code> item
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The <code>entry_points</code> item
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identifies the Dart file in your app
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identifies the Dart file in our app
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that has a <code>main()</code> function.
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that has a <code>main()</code> function.
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For more information, see the
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For more information, see the
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<a href="https://github.com/angular/angular/wiki/Angular-2-Dart-Transformer">Angular
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<a href="https://github.com/angular/angular/wiki/Angular-2-Dart-Transformer">Angular
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@ -139,29 +129,48 @@ block build-app
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#performance.l-sub-section
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#performance.l-sub-section
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h3 Performance, the transformer, and Angular 2 libraries
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h3 Performance, the transformer, and Angular 2 libraries
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p.
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p.
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When you import <code>bootstrap.dart</code>,
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When an app imports <code>bootstrap.dart</code>,
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you also get <code>dart:mirrors</code>,
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it also gets <code>dart:mirrors</code>,
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a reflection library that
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a reflection library that
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causes performance problems when compiled to JavaScript.
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causes performance problems when compiled to JavaScript.
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Don't worry,
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Don't worry,
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the Angular transformer converts your entry points
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the Angular transformer converts the app's entry points
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(<code>entry_points</code> in <code>pubspec.yaml</code>)
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(<code>entry_points</code> in <code>pubspec.yaml</code>)
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so that they don't use mirrors.
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so that they don't use mirrors.
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block server-watching
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h4#dart_to_js_script_rewriter Using dart_to_js_script_rewriter
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:marked
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Pub serve is watching and
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should detect the change, recompile the Dart into JavaScript,
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refresh the browser, and display the revised message.
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It's a nifty way to develop an application!
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Ensure that you terminate the `pub serve` process once you are done.
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:marked
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To improve the app's performance, convert the
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HTML file to directly include the generated JavaScript;
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one way to do that is with `dart_to_js_script_rewriter`.
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To use the rewriter, specify `dart_to_js_script_rewriter` in both
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the `dependencies` and `transformers` sections of the pubspec.
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- var stylePattern = { otl: /(dart_to_js_script_rewriter.*$)|(- dart_to_js_script_rewriter.*$)|(dependencies:)|(transformers:)/gm };
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+makeExample('quickstart/dart/pubspec.yaml', null, 'pubspec.yaml', stylePattern)
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.alert.is-important
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:marked
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The `dart_to_js_script_rewriter` transformer must be
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**after** the `angular2` transformer in `pubspec.yaml`.
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:marked
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For more information, see the docs for
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[dart_to_js_script_rewriter](https://pub.dartlang.org/packages/dart_to_js_script_rewriter).
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block server-watching
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:marked
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To see the new version, just reload the page.
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.alert.is-important
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:marked
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Be sure to terminate the `pub serve` process once you stop working on this app.
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block project-file-structure
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block project-file-structure
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.filetree
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.filetree
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.file angular2-quickstart
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.file angular2-quickstart
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.children
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.children
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.file build ...
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.file lib
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.file lib
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.children
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.children
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.file app_component.dart
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.file app_component.dart
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@ -169,9 +178,20 @@ block project-file-structure
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.file web
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.file web
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.children
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.children
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.file index.html
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.file index.html
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.file main.ts
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.file main.dart
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.file styles.css
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.file styles.css
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.l-verbose-section
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:marked
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This figure doesn't show generated files and directories.
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For example, a `pubspec.lock` file
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specifies versions and other identifying information for
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the packages that our app depends on.
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The `pub build` command creates a `build` directory
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containing the JavaScript version of our app.
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Pub, IDEs, and other tools often create
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other directories and dotfiles.
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block project-files
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block project-files
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+makeTabs(`
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+makeTabs(`
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quickstart/ts/app/app.component.ts,
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quickstart/ts/app/app.component.ts,
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@ -180,10 +200,10 @@ block project-files
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quickstart/dart/pubspec.yaml,
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quickstart/dart/pubspec.yaml,
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quickstart/ts/styles.1.css`
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quickstart/ts/styles.1.css`
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,null,
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,null,
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`app/app.component.ts,
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`app/app.component.ts,
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app/main.ts,
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app/main.ts,
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index.html,
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index.html,
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pubspec.yaml,
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pubspec.yaml,
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styles.css`)
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styles.css`)
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block what-next-ts-overhead
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block what-next-ts-overhead
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@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ block includes
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- var _indexHtmlDir = 'project root'
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- var _indexHtmlDir = 'project root'
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:marked
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:marked
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Our QuickStart goal is to build and run a super-simple
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Our QuickStart goal is to build and run a super-simple
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Angular 2 application in #{_Lang}, and
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Angular 2 application in #{_Lang}, and
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establish a development environment for the remaining documentation samples
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establish a development environment for the remaining documentation samples
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that also can be the foundation for real world applications.
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that also can be the foundation for real world applications.
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@ -32,13 +32,13 @@ figure.image-display
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h1 Build this app!
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h1 Build this app!
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:marked
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:marked
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- [Prerequisite](#prereq): install #{_prereq}
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- [Prerequisite](#prereq): Install #{_prereq}
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- [Step 1](#create-and-configure): create the app’s project folder and
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- [Step 1](#create-and-configure): Create the app’s project folder and
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define package dependencies and special project setup
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define package dependencies and special project setup
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- [Step 2](#root-component): create the app’s Angular root component
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- [Step 2](#root-component): Create the app’s Angular root component
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- [Step 3](#main): add `main.#{_docsFor}`, identifying the root component to Angular
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- [Step 3](#main): Add `main.#{_docsFor}`, identifying the root component to Angular
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- [Step 4](#index): add `index.html`, the web page that hosts the application
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- [Step 4](#index): Add `index.html`, the web page that hosts the application
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- [Step 5](#build-and-run): build and run the app
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- [Step 5](#build-and-run): Build and run the app
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- [Make some changes to the app](#make-some-changes)
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- [Make some changes to the app](#make-some-changes)
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- [Wrap up](#wrap-up)
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- [Wrap up](#wrap-up)
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@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ block download-source
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.callout.is-helpful
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.callout.is-helpful
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header Download the source
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header Download the source
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:marked
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:marked
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Instead of following each step of these instructions, we can
|
Instead of following each step of these instructions, we can
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[download the QuickStart source](https://github.com/angular/quickstart/blob/master/README.md)
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[download the QuickStart source](https://github.com/angular/quickstart/blob/master/README.md)
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from github and follow its brief instructions.
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from github and follow its brief instructions.
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.l-main-section
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.l-main-section
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@ -68,10 +68,10 @@ button(class="verbose on md-primary md-button md-ink-ripple", type="button", onc
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:marked
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:marked
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*Explanations* describe the concepts and reasons behind the instructions.
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*Explanations* describe the concepts and reasons behind the instructions.
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Explanations have a thin border on the left like *this* block of text.
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Explanations have a thin border on the left like *this* block of text.
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|
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Click *Hide Explanations* to show only the instructions.
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Click *Hide Explanations* to show only the instructions.
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Click it again to see everything again.
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Click *View Explanations* to see everything again.
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|
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.l-sub-section
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.l-sub-section
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:marked
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:marked
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We'll see many code blocks as we build the QuickStart app. They're all easy to copy and paste:
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We'll see many code blocks as we build the QuickStart app. They're all easy to copy and paste:
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@ -79,15 +79,15 @@ button(class="verbose on md-primary md-button md-ink-ripple", type="button", onc
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Click the glyph on the right to copy code snippets to the clipboard ==>
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Click the glyph on the right to copy code snippets to the clipboard ==>
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|
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.l-main-section
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.l-main-section
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h2#create-and-configure Step 1: create and configure the project
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h2#create-and-configure Step 1: Create and configure the project
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- var _package_and_config_files = _docsFor == 'dart' ? 'pubspec.yaml' : 'package definition and configuration files'
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- var _package_and_config_files = _docsFor == 'dart' ? 'pubspec.yaml' : 'package definition and configuration files'
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|
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:marked
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:marked
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In this step we:
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In this step we:
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* [(a) Create the project folder](#create-the-project-folder).
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* [(a) Create the project folder](#create-the-project-folder)
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* [(b) Add #{_package_and_config_files}](#add-config-files).
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* [(b) Add #{_package_and_config_files}](#add-config-files)
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* [(c) #{_Install} packages](#install-packages).
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* [(c) #{_Install} packages](#install-packages)
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h3 (a) Create the project folder
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h3 (a) Create the project folder
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|
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@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ block package-and-config-files
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p Add the following package definition and configuration files to the project folder:
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p Add the following package definition and configuration files to the project folder:
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ul
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ul
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li.
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li.
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#[b package.json] lists packages the QuickStart app depends on and
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#[b package.json] lists packages the QuickStart app depends on and
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defines some useful scripts.
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defines some useful scripts.
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See #[a(href="guide/npm-packages.html") Npm Package Configuration] for details.
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See #[a(href="guide/npm-packages.html") Npm Package Configuration] for details.
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li.
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li.
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@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ block package-and-config-files
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li.
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li.
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#[b systemjs.config.js], the SystemJS configuration file.
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#[b systemjs.config.js], the SystemJS configuration file.
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See discussion #[a(href="#systemjs") below].
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See discussion #[a(href="#systemjs") below].
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a#config-files
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a#config-files
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+makeTabs(`
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+makeTabs(`
|
||||||
quickstart/ts/package.1.json,
|
quickstart/ts/package.1.json,
|
||||||
|
@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ block package-and-config-files
|
||||||
h3#install-packages (c) #{_Install} packages
|
h3#install-packages (c) #{_Install} packages
|
||||||
block install-packages
|
block install-packages
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
We install the packages listed in `package.json` using `npm`. Enter the
|
We install the packages listed in `package.json` using `npm`. Enter the
|
||||||
following command in a terminal window (command window in Windows):
|
following command in a terminal window (command window in Windows):
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
code-example(language="sh").
|
code-example(language="sh").
|
||||||
|
@ -140,18 +140,18 @@ block install-packages
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.alert.is-important
|
.alert.is-important
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
Scary <span style="color:red; font-weight: bold">error messages in red</span> may appear **during** install.
|
Scary <span style="color:red; font-weight: bold">error messages in red</span> may appear **during** install.
|
||||||
The install typically recovers from these errors and finishes successfully.
|
The install typically recovers from these errors and finishes successfully.
|
||||||
.l-verbose-section(class="l-verbose-inherit")
|
.l-verbose-section(class="l-verbose-inherit")
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
#### npm errors and warnings
|
#### npm errors and warnings
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
All is well if there are no console messages starting with `npm ERR!` *at the end* of **npm install**.
|
All is well if there are no console messages starting with `npm ERR!` *at the end* of **npm install**.
|
||||||
There might be a few `npm WARN` messages along the way — and that is perfectly fine.
|
There might be a few `npm WARN` messages along the way — and that is perfectly fine.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
We often see an `npm WARN` message after a series of `gyp ERR!` messages.
|
We often see an `npm WARN` message after a series of `gyp ERR!` messages.
|
||||||
Ignore them. A package may try to re-compile itself using `node-gyp`.
|
Ignore them. A package may try to recompile itself using `node-gyp`.
|
||||||
If the re-compile fails, the package recovers (typically with a pre-built version)
|
If the recompile fails, the package recovers (typically with a pre-built version)
|
||||||
and everything works.
|
and everything works.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Just make sure there are no `npm ERR!` messages at the end of `npm install`.
|
Just make sure there are no `npm ERR!` messages at the end of `npm install`.
|
||||||
|
@ -160,8 +160,8 @@ block install-packages
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
#### Adding the libraries and packages we need with *npm*
|
#### Adding the libraries and packages we need with *npm*
|
||||||
Angular application developers rely on the _[npm](https://docs.npmjs.com)_
|
Angular application developers rely on the _[npm](https://docs.npmjs.com)_
|
||||||
package manager to install the libraries and packages their apps require.
|
package manager to install the libraries and packages their apps require.
|
||||||
The Angular team recommends the starter-set of packages specified in the
|
The Angular team recommends the starter-set of packages specified in the
|
||||||
`dependencies` and `devDependencies` sections.
|
`dependencies` and `devDependencies` sections.
|
||||||
See the [npm packages](guide/npm-packages.html) chapter for details.
|
See the [npm packages](guide/npm-packages.html) chapter for details.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ block install-packages
|
||||||
+makeJson('quickstart/ts/package.1.json',{ paths: 'scripts'}, 'package.json (scripts)')(format=".")
|
+makeJson('quickstart/ts/package.1.json',{ paths: 'scripts'}, 'package.json (scripts)')(format=".")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
We execute most npm scripts in the following way: `npm run` followed by a *script-name*.
|
We execute most npm scripts in the following way: `npm run` followed by a *script-name*.
|
||||||
Some commands (such as `start`) don't require the `run` keyword.
|
Some commands (such as `start`) don't require the `run` keyword.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Here's what these scripts do:
|
Here's what these scripts do:
|
||||||
|
@ -179,10 +179,10 @@ block install-packages
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* `npm run tsc` - runs the TypeScript compiler once
|
* `npm run tsc` - runs the TypeScript compiler once
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* `npm run tsc:w` - runs the TypeScript compiler in watch mode;
|
* `npm run tsc:w` - runs the TypeScript compiler in watch mode;
|
||||||
the process keeps running, awaiting changes to TypeScript files and re-compiling when it sees them
|
the process keeps running, awaiting changes to TypeScript files and recompiling when it sees them
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* `npm run lite` - runs the <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/lite-server" target="_blank">lite-server</a>,
|
* `npm run lite` - runs the <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/lite-server" target="_blank">lite-server</a>,
|
||||||
a light-weight, static file server with excellent support for Angular apps that use routing
|
a light-weight, static file server with excellent support for Angular apps that use routing
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* `npm run typings` - runs the [*typings* tool](#{_typingsUri}) separately
|
* `npm run typings` - runs the [*typings* tool](#{_typingsUri}) separately
|
||||||
|
@ -194,26 +194,26 @@ block install-packages
|
||||||
**We're all set.** Let's write some code.
|
**We're all set.** Let's write some code.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.l-main-section
|
.l-main-section
|
||||||
h2#root-component Step 2: our first angular component
|
h2#root-component Step 2: Our first Angular component
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
Let's create a folder to hold our application and add a super-simple Angular component.
|
Let's create a folder to hold our application and add a super-simple Angular component.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**Create an *#{_appDir}* sub-folder** off the project root directory:
|
**Create #{_an} #{_appDir} subfolder** off the project root directory:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
code-example.
|
code-example.
|
||||||
mkdir #{_appDir}
|
mkdir #{_appDir}
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
a#app-component
|
a#app-component
|
||||||
p.
|
p.
|
||||||
#[b Create the component file]
|
#[b Create the component file]
|
||||||
#[code #[+adjExPath('app/app.component.ts')]] (in this newly created directory) with the following content:
|
#[code #[+adjExPath('app/app.component.ts')]] (in this newly created directory) with the following content:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
+makeExample('quickstart/ts/app/app.component.ts', '', 'app/app.component.ts')(format='.')
|
+makeExample('quickstart/ts/app/app.component.ts', '', 'app/app.component.ts')(format='.')
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.l-verbose-section
|
.l-verbose-section
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
### AppComponent is the root of the application
|
### AppComponent is the root of the application
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Every Angular app has at least one **root component**, conventionally named `AppComponent`,
|
Every Angular app has at least one **root component**, conventionally named `AppComponent`,
|
||||||
that hosts the client user experience.
|
that hosts the client user experience.
|
||||||
Components are the basic building blocks of Angular applications.
|
Components are the basic building blocks of Angular applications.
|
||||||
|
@ -221,14 +221,14 @@ p.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
This QuickStart has only one, extremely simple component.
|
This QuickStart has only one, extremely simple component.
|
||||||
But it has the essential structure of every component we'll ever write:
|
But it has the essential structure of every component we'll ever write:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* One or more [import](#component-import)
|
* One or more [import](#component-import)
|
||||||
statements to reference the things we need.
|
statements to reference the things we need.
|
||||||
* A [@Component #{_decorator}](#component-decorator)
|
* A [@Component #{_decorator}](#component-decorator)
|
||||||
that tells Angular what template to use and how to create the component.
|
that tells Angular what template to use and how to create the component.
|
||||||
* A [component class](#component-class)
|
* A [component class](#component-class)
|
||||||
that controls the appearance and behavior of a view through its template.
|
that controls the appearance and behavior of a view through its template.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
a#component-import
|
a#component-import
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
### Import
|
### Import
|
||||||
|
@ -236,8 +236,8 @@ p.
|
||||||
Angular apps are modular. They consist of many files each dedicated to a purpose.
|
Angular apps are modular. They consist of many files each dedicated to a purpose.
|
||||||
Angular itself is modular. It is a collection of library modules
|
Angular itself is modular. It is a collection of library modules
|
||||||
each made up of several, related features that we'll use to build our application.
|
each made up of several, related features that we'll use to build our application.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
When we need something from a module or library, we import it.
|
When we need something from a module or library, we import it.
|
||||||
Here we import the Angular 2 core so that our component code can have access to
|
Here we import the Angular 2 core so that our component code can have access to
|
||||||
the `@Component` #{_decorator}.
|
the `@Component` #{_decorator}.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -247,10 +247,10 @@ p.
|
||||||
+ifDocsFor('ts')
|
+ifDocsFor('ts')
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
`Component` is a *decorator function* that takes a *metadata object* as argument.
|
`Component` is a *decorator function* that takes a *metadata object* as argument.
|
||||||
We apply this function to the component class by prefixing the function with the
|
We apply this function to the component class by prefixing the function with the
|
||||||
**@** symbol and invoking it with a metadata object, just above the class.
|
**@** symbol and invoking it with a metadata object, just above the class.
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
`@Component` is #{_a} **#{_decorator}** that allows us to associate *metadata* with the
|
`@Component` is #{_a} *#{_decorator}* that allows us to associate *metadata* with the
|
||||||
component class.
|
component class.
|
||||||
The metadata tells Angular how to create and use this component.
|
The metadata tells Angular how to create and use this component.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -268,9 +268,9 @@ p.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The **template** specifies the component's companion template,
|
The **template** specifies the component's companion template,
|
||||||
written in an enhanced form of HTML that tells Angular how to render this component's view.
|
written in an enhanced form of HTML that tells Angular how to render this component's view.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>Our template is a single line of HTML announcing "*My First Angular 2 App*".
|
>Our template is a single line of HTML announcing "*My First Angular 2 App*".
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
>A more advanced template could contain data bindings to component properties
|
>A more advanced template could contain data bindings to component properties
|
||||||
and might identify other application components which have their own templates.
|
and might identify other application components which have their own templates.
|
||||||
These templates might identify yet other components.
|
These templates might identify yet other components.
|
||||||
|
@ -281,16 +281,16 @@ p.
|
||||||
At the bottom of the file is an empty, do-nothing class named `AppComponent`.
|
At the bottom of the file is an empty, do-nothing class named `AppComponent`.
|
||||||
+makeExcerpt('quickstart/ts/app/app.component.ts', 'class', 'app/app.component.ts (class)')
|
+makeExcerpt('quickstart/ts/app/app.component.ts', 'class', 'app/app.component.ts (class)')
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
When we're ready to build a substantive application,
|
When we're ready to build a substantive application,
|
||||||
we can expand this class with properties and application logic.
|
we can expand this class with properties and application logic.
|
||||||
Our `AppComponent` class is empty because we don't need it to do anything in this QuickStart.
|
Our `AppComponent` class is empty because we don't need it to do anything in this QuickStart.
|
||||||
+ifDocsFor('ts')
|
+ifDocsFor('ts')
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
We **export** `AppComponent` so that we can **import** it elsewhere in our application,
|
We **export** `AppComponent` so that we can **import** it elsewhere in our application,
|
||||||
as we'll see when we create `main.ts`.
|
as we'll see when we create `main.ts`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.l-main-section
|
.l-main-section
|
||||||
h2#main Step 3: add #[code #[+adjExPath('main.ts')]]
|
h2#main Step 3: Add #[code #[+adjExPath('main.ts')]]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
block create-main
|
block create-main
|
||||||
p.
|
p.
|
||||||
|
@ -305,47 +305,49 @@ block create-main
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
1. Angular's browser `bootstrap` function
|
1. Angular's browser `bootstrap` function
|
||||||
1. The application root component, `AppComponent`.
|
1. The application root component, `AppComponent`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Then we call `bootstrap` with `AppComponent`.
|
Then we call `bootstrap` with `AppComponent`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Bootstrapping is platform-specific
|
### Bootstrapping is platform-specific
|
||||||
Notice that we import the `bootstrap` function from `#{_angular_browser_uri}`,
|
Notice that we import the `bootstrap` function from `#{_angular_browser_uri}`,
|
||||||
not `#{_angular_core_uri}`.
|
not `#{_angular_core_uri}`.
|
||||||
Bootstrapping isn't core because there isn't a single way to bootstrap the app.
|
Bootstrapping isn't core because there isn't a single way to bootstrap the app.
|
||||||
True, most applications that run in a browser call the bootstrap function from
|
True, most applications that run in a browser call the bootstrap function from
|
||||||
this library.
|
this library.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
But it is possible to load a component in a different environment.
|
But it is possible to load a component in a different environment.
|
||||||
We might load it on a mobile device with [Apache Cordova](https://cordova.apache.org/) or [NativeScript](https://www.nativescript.org/).
|
We might load it on a mobile device with [Apache Cordova](https://cordova.apache.org/) or [NativeScript](https://www.nativescript.org/).
|
||||||
We might wish to render the first page of our application on the server
|
We might wish to render the first page of our application on the server
|
||||||
to improve launch performance or facilitate
|
to improve launch performance or facilitate
|
||||||
[SEO](http://www.google.com/webmasters/docs/search-engine-optimization-starter-guide.pdf).
|
[SEO](http://www.google.com/webmasters/docs/search-engine-optimization-starter-guide.pdf).
|
||||||
These targets require a different kind of bootstrap function that we'd import from a different library.
|
These targets require a different kind of bootstrap function that we'd import from a different library.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Why create separate *main.#{_docsFor}* and app component files?
|
### Why create separate *main.#{_docsFor}* and app component files?
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Both `main.#{_docsFor}` and the app component files are tiny.
|
Both `main.#{_docsFor}` and the app component files are tiny.
|
||||||
This is just a QuickStart.
|
This is just a QuickStart.
|
||||||
We could have merged these two files into one
|
We could have merged these two files into one
|
||||||
and spared ourselves some complexity.
|
and spared ourselves some complexity.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
We'd rather demonstrate the proper way to structure an Angular application.
|
We'd rather demonstrate the proper way to structure an Angular application.
|
||||||
App bootstrapping is a separate concern from presenting a view.
|
App bootstrapping is a separate concern from presenting a view.
|
||||||
Mixing concerns creates difficulties down the road.
|
Mixing concerns creates difficulties down the road.
|
||||||
We might launch the `AppComponent` in multiple environments with different bootstrappers.
|
We might launch the `AppComponent` in multiple environments with different bootstrappers.
|
||||||
Testing the component is much easier if it doesn't also try to run the entire application.
|
Testing the component is much easier if it doesn't also try to run the entire application.
|
||||||
Let's make the small extra effort to do it *the right way*.
|
Let's make the small extra effort to do it *the right way*.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.l-main-section
|
.l-main-section
|
||||||
h2#index Step 4: add #[code index.html]
|
h2#index Step 4: Add #[code index.html]
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
The `index.html` is the web page that hosts the application.
|
In the *#{_indexHtmlDir}* folder
|
||||||
In the **#{_indexHtmlDir}** folder
|
create an `index.html` file and paste the following lines into it:
|
||||||
create an`index.html` file and paste the following lines:
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
+makeExample('quickstart/ts/index.html', '', 'index.html')(format='.')
|
+makeExample('quickstart/ts/index.html', '', 'index.html')(format='.')
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.l-verbose-section
|
.l-verbose-section
|
||||||
|
:marked
|
||||||
|
The `index.html` file defines the web page that hosts the application.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
block index-html-commentary-for-ts
|
block index-html-commentary-for-ts
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
The noteworthy sections of HTML are:
|
The noteworthy sections of HTML are:
|
||||||
|
@ -375,10 +377,10 @@ h2#index Step 4: add #[code index.html]
|
||||||
added the `systemjs.config.js` file to the project root.
|
added the `systemjs.config.js` file to the project root.
|
||||||
There are alternatives that work just fine including the well-regarded
|
There are alternatives that work just fine including the well-regarded
|
||||||
[webpack](guide/webpack.html).
|
[webpack](guide/webpack.html).
|
||||||
SystemJS happens to be a good choice.
|
SystemJS happens to be a good choice.
|
||||||
But we want to be clear that it was a *choice* and not a *preference*.
|
But we want to be clear that it was a *choice* and not a *preference*.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
All module loaders require configuration and all loader configuration
|
All module loaders require configuration and all loader configuration
|
||||||
becomes complicated rather quickly as soon as the file structure diversifies and
|
becomes complicated rather quickly as soon as the file structure diversifies and
|
||||||
we start thinking about building for production and performance.
|
we start thinking about building for production and performance.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -386,28 +388,28 @@ h2#index Step 4: add #[code index.html]
|
||||||
Learn more about SystemJS configuration
|
Learn more about SystemJS configuration
|
||||||
<a href="https://github.com/systemjs/systemjs/blob/master/docs/config-api.md" target="_blank">here</a>.
|
<a href="https://github.com/systemjs/systemjs/blob/master/docs/config-api.md" target="_blank">here</a>.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
With those cautions in mind, what are we doing in the
|
With those cautions in mind, what are we doing in the
|
||||||
QuickStart [`systemjs.config.js` configuration file we added earlier](#config-files)?
|
QuickStart [`systemjs.config.js` configuration file we added earlier](#config-files)?
|
||||||
First, we create a map to tell SystemJS where to look when we import some module.
|
First, we create a map to tell SystemJS where to look when we import some module.
|
||||||
Then, we register all our packages to SystemJS:
|
Then, we register all our packages to SystemJS:
|
||||||
all the project dependencies and our application package, `app`.
|
all the project dependencies and our application package, `app`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.l-sub-section
|
.l-sub-section
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
Our QuickStart doesn't use all of the listed packages
|
Our QuickStart doesn't use all of the listed packages
|
||||||
but any substantial application will want many of them
|
but any substantial application will want many of them
|
||||||
and all of the listed packages are required by at least one of the documentation samples.
|
and all of the listed packages are required by at least one of the documentation samples.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
There is no runtime harm in listing packages that we don't need as they will only be loaded when requested.
|
There is no runtime harm in listing packages that we don't need as they will only be loaded when requested.
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
The `app` package tells SystemJS what to do when it sees a request for a
|
The `app` package tells SystemJS what to do when it sees a request for a
|
||||||
module from the `app/` folder.
|
module from the `app/` folder.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Our QuickStart makes such requests when one of its
|
Our QuickStart makes such requests when one of its
|
||||||
application TypeScript files has an import statement like this:
|
application TypeScript files has an import statement like this:
|
||||||
+makeExcerpt('quickstart/ts/app/main.ts', 'app-component', 'main.ts (excerpt)')
|
+makeExcerpt('quickstart/ts/app/main.ts', 'app-component', 'main.ts (excerpt)')
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
Notice that the module name (after `from`) does not mention a filename extension.
|
Notice that the module name (after `from`) does not mention a filename extension.
|
||||||
In the configuration we tell SystemJS to default the extension to `js`, a JavaScript file.
|
In the configuration we tell SystemJS to default the extension to `js`, a JavaScript file.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
That makes sense because we transpile TypeScript to JavaScript
|
That makes sense because we transpile TypeScript to JavaScript
|
||||||
|
@ -417,53 +419,54 @@ h2#index Step 4: add #[code index.html]
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
#### Transpiling in the browser
|
#### Transpiling in the browser
|
||||||
In the live example on plunker we transpile (AKA compile) to JavaScript in the browser
|
In the live example on plunker we transpile (AKA compile) to JavaScript in the browser
|
||||||
on the fly. _That's fine for a demo_.
|
on the fly. _That's fine for a demo_.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**Do not transpile in the browser during development or for production**.
|
**Do not transpile in the browser during development or for production**.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
We strongly recommend transpiling (AKA compiling) to JavaScript during a build phase
|
We strongly recommend transpiling (AKA compiling) to JavaScript during a build phase
|
||||||
before running the application for several reasons including:
|
before running the application for several reasons including:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* We see compiler warnings and errors that are hidden from us in the browser.
|
* We see compiler warnings and errors that are hidden from us in the browser.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* Pre-compilation simpifies the module loading process and
|
* Precompilation simpifies the module loading process and
|
||||||
it's much easier to diagnose problems when this is a separate, external step.
|
it's much easier to diagnose problems when this is a separate, external step.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* Pre-compilation means a faster user experience because the browser doesn't waste time compiling.
|
* Precompilation means a faster user experience because the browser doesn't waste time compiling.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* We iterate development faster because we only re-compile changed files.
|
* We iterate development faster because we only recompile changed files.
|
||||||
We notice the difference as soon as the app grows beyond a handful of files.
|
We notice the difference as soon as the app grows beyond a handful of files.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
* Pre-compilation fits into a continuous integration process of build, test, deploy.
|
* Precompilation fits into a continuous integration process of build, test, deploy.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
The `System.import` call tells SystemJS to import the `main` file
|
The `System.import` call tells SystemJS to import the `main` file
|
||||||
(`main.js` ... after transpiling `main.ts`, remember?);
|
(`main.js` ... after transpiling `main.ts`, remember?);
|
||||||
`main` is where we tell Angular to launch the application.
|
`main` is where we tell Angular to launch the application.
|
||||||
We also catch and log launch errors to the console.
|
We also catch and log launch errors to the console.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
All other modules are loaded upon request
|
All other modules are loaded upon request
|
||||||
either by an import statement or by Angular itself.
|
either by an import statement or by Angular itself.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
### *<my-app>*
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
a(id="my-app")
|
a(id="my-app")
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
### *<my-app>*
|
|
||||||
When Angular calls the `bootstrap` function in `main.#{_docsFor}`, it reads the `AppComponent`
|
When Angular calls the `bootstrap` function in `main.#{_docsFor}`, it reads the `AppComponent`
|
||||||
metadata, finds the `my-app` selector, locates an element tag named `my-app`,
|
metadata, finds the `my-app` selector, locates an element tag named `my-app`,
|
||||||
and renders our application's view between those tags.
|
and renders our application's view between those tags.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
### Add some style
|
### Add some style
|
||||||
Styles aren't essential but they're nice and the `index.html` assumes we have
|
Styles aren't essential but they're nice, and `index.html` assumes we have
|
||||||
a stylesheet called `styles.css`.
|
a stylesheet called `styles.css`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Create a `styles.css` in the #{_indexHtmlDir} folder and start styling, perhaps with minimal
|
Create a `styles.css` file in the *#{_indexHtmlDir}* folder and start styling, perhaps with the minimal
|
||||||
styles shown below. For the full set of master styles used by the documentation samples
|
styles shown below. For the full set of master styles used by the documentation samples,
|
||||||
see this master [styles.css](https://github.com/angular/angular.io/blob/master/public/docs/_examples/styles.css).
|
see [styles.css](https://github.com/angular/angular.io/blob/master/public/docs/_examples/styles.css).
|
||||||
+makeExcerpt('quickstart/ts/styles.1.css', '', 'styles.css')
|
+makeExcerpt('quickstart/ts/styles.1.css', '', 'styles.css')
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
.l-main-section
|
.l-main-section
|
||||||
h2#build-and-run Step 5: build and run the app!
|
h2#build-and-run Step 5: Build and run the app!
|
||||||
block run-app
|
block run-app
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
Open a terminal window and enter this command:
|
Open a terminal window and enter this command:
|
||||||
|
@ -478,7 +481,7 @@ block run-app
|
||||||
In a few moments, a browser tab should open and display
|
In a few moments, a browser tab should open and display
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
figure.image-display
|
figure.image-display
|
||||||
img(src='/resources/images/devguide/quickstart/my-first-app.png' alt="Output of quickstart app")
|
img(src='/resources/images/devguide/quickstart/my-first-app.png' alt="Output of QuickStart app")
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
**Great job!**
|
**Great job!**
|
||||||
|
@ -488,9 +491,9 @@ block build-app
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
## Make some changes
|
## Make some changes
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Try changing the message to "My SECOND Angular 2 app".
|
Try changing the message to "My SECOND Angular 2 app".
|
||||||
block server-watching
|
block server-watching
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
The TypeScript compiler and `lite-server` are watching.
|
The TypeScript compiler and `lite-server` are watching.
|
||||||
They should detect the change, recompile the TypeScript into JavaScript,
|
They should detect the change, recompile the TypeScript into JavaScript,
|
||||||
|
@ -502,7 +505,6 @@ block server-watching
|
||||||
.l-main-section
|
.l-main-section
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
# Wrap up
|
# Wrap up
|
||||||
## Final project structure and files
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Our final project folder structure looks like this:
|
Our final project folder structure looks like this:
|
||||||
block project-file-structure
|
block project-file-structure
|
||||||
|
@ -522,7 +524,7 @@ block project-file-structure
|
||||||
.file tsconfig.json
|
.file tsconfig.json
|
||||||
.file typings.json
|
.file typings.json
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
And here are the files:
|
Here are the file contents:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
block project-files
|
block project-files
|
||||||
+makeTabs(`
|
+makeTabs(`
|
||||||
|
@ -535,11 +537,11 @@ block project-files
|
||||||
quickstart/ts/styles.1.css,
|
quickstart/ts/styles.1.css,
|
||||||
quickstart/ts/systemjs.config.1.js`
|
quickstart/ts/systemjs.config.1.js`
|
||||||
,null,
|
,null,
|
||||||
`app/app.component.ts,
|
`app/app.component.ts,
|
||||||
app/main.ts,
|
app/main.ts,
|
||||||
index.html,
|
index.html,
|
||||||
package.json,
|
package.json,
|
||||||
tsconfig.json,
|
tsconfig.json,
|
||||||
typings.json,
|
typings.json,
|
||||||
styles.css,
|
styles.css,
|
||||||
systemjs.config.js`)
|
systemjs.config.js`)
|
||||||
|
@ -556,11 +558,11 @@ block project-files
|
||||||
**We have greater ambitions!**
|
**We have greater ambitions!**
|
||||||
block what-next-ts-overhead
|
block what-next-ts-overhead
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
The good news is that the overhead of setup is (mostly) behind us.
|
The good news is that the overhead of setup is (mostly) behind us.
|
||||||
We'll probably only touch the `package.json` to update libraries.
|
We'll probably only touch the `package.json` to update libraries.
|
||||||
We'll likely open `index.html` only if we need to add a library or some css stylesheets.
|
We'll likely open `index.html` only if we need to add a library or some css stylesheets.
|
||||||
:marked
|
:marked
|
||||||
We're about to take the next step and build a small application that
|
We're about to take the next step and build a small application that
|
||||||
demonstrates the great things we can build with Angular 2.
|
demonstrates the great things we can build with Angular 2.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Join us on the [Tour of Heroes Tutorial](./tutorial)!
|
Join us on the [Tour of Heroes Tutorial](./tutorial)!
|
||||||
|
|
Loading…
Reference in New Issue