sync visual-studio cookbook
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有些开发者喜欢用Visual Studio。
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This cookbook describes the steps required to set up and use the
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Angular QuickStart files in Visual Studio 2015 within an ASP.NET 4.x project.
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Angular QuickStart files in **Visual Studio 2015 within an ASP.NET 4.x project**.
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本烹饪宝典介绍了在Visual Studio 2015的ASP.NET 4.x项目中，用Angular实现“快速起步”所需的步骤。
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本烹饪宝典介绍了在**Visual Studio 2015的ASP.NET 4.x项目中**，用Angular实现“快速起步”所需的步骤。
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.l-sub-section
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:marked
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## ASP.NET 4.x 项目
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The steps for setting up the QuickStart files with an ASP.NET 4.x project in
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Visual Studio 2015 are as follows:
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在Visual Studio的ASP.NET 4.x项目中实现“快速起步”的步骤如下：
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This cookbook explains how to set up the QuickStart files with an **ASP.NET 4.x project** in
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Visual Studio 2015.
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本烹饪书解释了如何使用Visual Studio 2015在**ASP.NET 4.x项目**中设置**快速开始**文件。
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.l-sub-section
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:marked
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If you prefer a `File | New Project` experience and are using **ASP.NET Core**,
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then consider the _experimental_
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<a href="http://blog.stevensanderson.com/2016/10/04/angular2-template-for-visual-studio/" target="_blank">ASP.NET Core + Angular 2 template for Visual Studio 2015</a>.
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Note that the resulting code does not map to the docs. Adjust accordingly.
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如果你希望使用**ASP.NET Core**和全新项目经验，
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参见_试验中_的<a href="http://blog.stevensanderson.com/2016/10/04/angular2-template-for-visual-studio/" target="_blank">ASP.NET Core + Angular 2 template for Visual Studio 2015</a>。
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注意，最终代码并不与本文相符，请适当调节。
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:marked
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- [Prerequisite](#prereq): Install Node.js
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The steps are as follows:
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步骤如下:
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- [Prerequisite](#prereq1): Install Node.js
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- [前提条件](#prereq): 安装Node.js
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- [前提条件](#prereq1): 安装Node.js
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- [Prerequisite](#prereq2): Install Visual Studio 2015 Update 3
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- [前提条件](#prereq2): 安装Visual Studio 2015 Update 3
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- [Prerequisite](#prereq3): Configure External Web tools
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- [前提条件](#prereq3): 配置External Web tools
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- [Prerequisite](#prereq4): Install TypeScript 2 for Visual Studio 2015
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- [前提条件](#prereq4): 安装TypeScript 2 for Visual Studio 2015
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- [Step 1](#download): Download the QuickStart files
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- [第一步](#download): 下载“快速起步”的文件
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- [Step 2](#setup-vs): Set up Visual Studio for TypeScript
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- [Step 2](#create-project): Create the Visual Studio ASP.NET project
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- [第二步](#setup-vs): 设置Visual Studio，以支持TypeScript
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- [第二步](#create-project): 创建Visual Studio ASP.NET项目
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- [Step 3](#create-project): Create the Visual Studio ASP.NET project
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- [Step 3](#copy): Copy the QuickStart files into the ASP.NET project folder
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- [第三步](#create-project): 创建Visual Studio ASP.NET项目
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- [第三步](#copy): 把“快速起步”中的文件拷贝到ASP.NET的项目目录中
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- [Step 4](#copy): Copy the QuickStart files into the ASP.NET project folder
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- [第四步](#copy): 把“快速起步”中的文件拷贝到ASP.NET的项目目录中
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- [Step 5](#restore): Restore required packages
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- [Step 4](#restore): Restore required packages
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- [第五步](#restore): 恢复需要的包
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- [第四步](#restore): 恢复需要的包
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- [Step 6](#edit-config): Edit the TypeScript configuration file
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- [Step 5](#build-and-run): Build and run the app
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- [第六步](#edit-config): 编辑TypeScript配置文件
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- [Step 7](#build-and-run): Build and run the app
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- [第七步](#build-and-run): 构建和运行应用程序
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- [第五步](#build-and-run): 构建和运行应用程序
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.l-main-section
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h2#prereq Prerequisite: Node.js
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h2#prereq1 Prerequisite: Node.js
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h2#prereq 前提条件: Node.js
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h2#prereq1 前提条件: Node.js
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:marked
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Install **[Node.js® and npm](https://nodejs.org/en/download/)**
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@ -75,11 +93,95 @@ h2#prereq 前提条件: Node.js
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.l-sub-section
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:marked
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**Verify that you are running node version `4.4.x` - `5.x.x`, and npm `3.x.x`**
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**Verify that you are running node version `4.6.x` or greater, and npm `3.x.x` or greater**
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by running `node -v` and `npm -v` in a terminal/console window.
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Older versions produce errors.
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在终端或者控制台中运行`node -v`和`npm -v`，**请确认你的Node版本为`4.6.x`或更高，npm的版本为`3.x.x`或更高**。老版本会引起错误。
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.l-main-section
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h2#prereq2 Prerequisite: Visual Studio 2015 Update 3
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在终端或者控制台中运行`node -v`和`npm -v`，**请确认你的Node版本为`4.4.x` - `5.x.x`，npm的版本为`3.x.x`**。老版本会引起错误。
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h2#prereq2 前提条件: Visual Studio 2015 Update 3
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:marked
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The minimum requirement for developing Angular 2 applications with Visual Studio is Update 3.
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Earlier versions do not follow the best practices for developing applications with TypeScript.
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To view your version of Visual Studio 2015, go to `Help | About Visual Studio`.
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使用Visual Studio开发Angular 2应用程序的最低要求是Update 3。
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早期版本没有遵循使用TypeScript开发应用程序的最佳实践。
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要查看你的Visual Studio 2015版本号，到`Help | About Visual Studio`。
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If you don't have it, install **[Visual Studio 2015 Update 3](https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/news/releasenotes/vs2015-update3-vs)**.
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Or use `Tools | Extensions and Updates` to update to Update 3 directly from Visual Studio 2015.
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如果还没有，安装**[Visual Studio 2015 Update 3](https://www.visualstudio.com/en-us/news/releasenotes/vs2015-update3-vs)**。或者使用`Tools | Extensions and Updates`来直接在Visual Studio 2015中更新到Update 3。
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.l-main-section
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h2#prereq3 Prerequisite: Configure External Web tools
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h2#prereq3 前提条件: 配置External Web tools
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:marked
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Configure Visual Studio to use the global external web tools instead of the tools that ship with Visual Studio:
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配置Visual Studio来使用全局External Web Tools，而非Visual Studio默认的工具：
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* Open the **Options** dialog with `Tools` | `Options`
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* 到`Tools` | `Options`打开**Options**对话框
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* In the tree on the left, select `Projects and Solutions` | `External Web Tools`.
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* 在左边树型项目中，选择`Projects and Solutions` | `External Web Tools`。
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* On the right, move the `$(PATH)` entry above the `$(DevEnvDir`) entries. This tells Visual Studio to
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use the external tools (such as npm) found in the global path before using its own version of the external tools.
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* 在右侧，将`$(PATH)`移动到 `$(DevEnvDir`)上面。这样，Visual Stuio就会在使用自带的外部工具时，优先使用全局路径中的外部工具（比如npm）。
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* Click OK to close the dialog.
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* 点击OK关闭对话框。
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* Restart Visual Studio for this change to take effect.
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* 重启Visual Studio，以让设置变化生效。
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Visual Studio will now look first for external tools in the current workspace and
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if not found then look in the global path and if it is not found there, Visual Studio
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will use its own versions of the tools.
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Visual Studio将优先在当前的工作区查找外部工具，如果没有找到，便查找全局路径，如果还没有找到，Visual Studio就使用自带的工具版本。
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.l-main-section
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h2#prereq4 Prerequisite: Install TypeScript 2 for Visual Studio 2015
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h2#prereq4 前提条件: 安装TypeScript 2 for Visual Studio 2015
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:marked
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While Visual Studio Update 3 ships with TypeScript support out of the box, it currently doesn’t ship with TypeScript 2,
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which you need to develop Angular 2 applications.
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Visual Studio Update 3自带TypeScript支持，但是它的TypeScript版本开发Angular 2应用需要的不是2。
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To install TypeScript 2:
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要安装TypeScript 2：
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* Download and install **[TypeScript 2.0 for Visual Studio 2015](http://download.microsoft.com/download/6/D/8/6D8381B0-03C1-4BD2-AE65-30FF0A4C62DA/TS2.0.3-TS-release20-nightly-20160921.1/TypeScript_Dev14Full.exe)**
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* 下载并安装**[TypeScript 2.0 for Visual Studio 2015](http://download.microsoft.com/download/6/D/8/6D8381B0-03C1-4BD2-AE65-30FF0A4C62DA/TS2.0.3-TS-release20-nightly-20160921.1/TypeScript_Dev14Full.exe)**
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* OR install it with npm: `npm install -g typescript@2.0`.
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* 或者，通过NPM来安装：`npm install -g typescript@2.0`。
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You can find out more about TypeScript 2 support in Visual studio **[here](https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/typescript/2016/09/22/announcing-typescript-2-0/)**
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你可以在**[这儿](https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/typescript/2016/09/22/announcing-typescript-2-0/)**查看更多Visual Studio中TypeScript 2的支持。
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At this point, Visual Studio is ready. It’s a good idea to close Visual Studio and
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restart it to make sure everything is clean.
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至此，Visual Studio准备好了。重新启动Visual Stuido，这样我们可以有一个崭新的开始。
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.l-main-section
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h2#download Step 1: Download the QuickStart files
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@ -93,45 +195,14 @@ h2#download 第一步: 现在“快速起步”文件
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从github[下载“快速起步”的源代码](https://github.com/angular/quickstart)。如果下载的是一个压缩的zip文件，解压它。
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.l-main-section
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h2#setup-vs Step 2: Set up Visual Studio for TypeScript
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h2#create-project Step 2: Create the Visual Studio ASP.NET project
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h2#setup-vs 第二步：设置Visual Studio，以支持TypeScript
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h2#create-project 第二步：创建Visual Studio ASP.net项目
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:marked
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Ensure you have the latest version of Visual Studio 2015 installed.
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Then open Visual Studio and install the latest set of TypeScript tools as follows:
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确保你的Visual Studio 2015是最新版本，然后打开Visual Studio并安装最新的TypeScript工具：
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* Open `Tools` | `Extensions and Updates`.
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* 打开`Tools` | `Extensions and Updates`。
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* Select `Online` in the tree on the left.
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* 在左侧目录树中选择`Online`。
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* Search for `TypeScript` using the search box in the upper right.
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* 在右上角的搜索框中搜`TypeScript`。
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* Select the most current available TypeScript version.
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* 选择最新版本的TypeScript。
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* Download and install the package.
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Create the ASP.NET 4.x project in the usual way as follows:
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* 下载并安装依赖包。
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.l-main-section
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h2#create-project Step 3: Create the Visual Studio ASP.NET project
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h2#create-project 第三步: 创建Visual Studio ASP.NET项目
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:marked
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Create the ASP.NET 4.x project as follows:
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按照下面的步骤创建ASP.NET 4.x项目:
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按照下列步骤创建ASP.NET 4.x项目：
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* In Visual Studio, select `File` | `New` | `Project` from the menu.
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@ -157,9 +228,9 @@ h2#create-project 第三步: 创建Visual Studio ASP.NET项目
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本烹饪宝典选择了`Empty`模板，它没有添加过任何目录，没有身份验证，没有服务器托管。为你的项目选择合适的模板和选项。
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.l-main-section
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h2#copy Step 4: Copy the QuickStart files into the ASP.NET project folder
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h2#copy Step 3: Copy the QuickStart files into the ASP.NET project folder
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h2#copy 第四步: 拷贝“快速起步”的文件到ASP.NET项目所在的目录
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h2#copy 第三步: 拷贝“快速起步”的文件到ASP.NET项目所在的目录
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:marked
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Copy the QuickStart files we downloaded from github into the folder containing the `.csproj` file.
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@ -177,7 +248,7 @@ h2#copy 第四步: 拷贝“快速起步”的文件到ASP.NET项目所在的目
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* 右键点击每个目录和文件，选择`Include in Project`。
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最少要添加下列文件：
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* app folder (answer *No* if asked to search for TypeScript Typings)
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* app folder (answer *No* if asked to search for TypeScript Typings)
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* app目录（如果询问是否要搜索TypeScript类型，回答*No*）
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* typings.json
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.l-main-section
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h2#restore Step 5: Restore the required packages
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h2#restore Step 4: Restore the required packages
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h2#restore 第五步: 恢复需要的包
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h2#restore 第四步: 恢复需要的包
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:marked
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Restore the packages required for an Angular application as follows:
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* **Do not** include the `node_modules` folder in the project. Let it be a hidden project folder.
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* **不要**将`node_modules`目录添加到项目中，让它隐藏。
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.alert.is-important
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:marked
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An error such as "*@angular/compiler is not in the npm registry*" suggests that Visual Studio 2015
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is using an older version of npm. Update to the latest installed version of npm:
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"*@angular/compiler is not in the npm registry*"这个错误表明Visual Studio 2015使用了老版本的npm。按照下面的步骤安装最新版本的npm：
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* `Tools` | `Options` to open the Options dialog.
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* `Tools` | `Options`来打开“选项”对话框。
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* In the tree on the left, select `Projects and Solutions` | `External Web Tools`.
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* 在左侧的树状目录中，选择`Projects and Solutions` | `External Web Tools`。
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* On the right, move the `$(PATH)` entry above the `$(DevEnvDir`) entries. This tells Visual Studio to
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use the external tools (such as npm) found in your path before using its own version of the external tools.
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* 在右侧，把`$(PATH)`项移动到`$(DevEnvDir`)上面，这样就会告诉Visual Studio优先在你的路径中查找外来工具（比如npm）。
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* Click OK to close the dialog.
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* 点击OK，关闭对话框。
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* Restart Visual Studio for this change to take effect.
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* 重新启动Visual Studio来让这些修改生效。
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.l-main-section
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h2#edit-config Step 6: Edit the TypeScript configuration file
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h2#build-and-run Step 5: Build and run the app
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h2#edit-config 第六步：编辑TypeScript配置文件
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h2#build-and-run 第五步：构建和运行应用
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:marked
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For Visual Studio 2015 we must add `"compileOnSave": true` to the TypeScript configuration (`tsconfig.json`) file
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as shown here.
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在Visual Studio 2015里，必须在TypeScript的配置文件(`tsconfig.json`)中添加`"compileOnSave": true`：
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First, ensure that `index.html` is set as the start page.
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Right-click `index.html` in Solution Explorer and select option `Set As Start Page`.
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+makeJson('cb-visual-studio-2015/ts/tsconfig.json', null, 'tsconfig.json (scripts)')
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Build and launch the app with debugger by clicking the **Run** button or press `F5`.
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.l-sub-section
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:marked
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It's faster to run without the debugger by pressing `Ctrl-F5`.
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:marked
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After making this change, **exit** Visual Studio and reopen it to reload the project.
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修改上面的设置后，**退出**Visual Studio，再打开它并加载项目。
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.l-main-section
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h2#build-and-run Step 7: Build and run the app
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h2#build-and-run 第七步：编译和运行应用程序
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:marked
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To set index.html as start page, right-click `index.html` in Solution Explorer and select option `Set As Start Page`.
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将index.html设置为启动页面：在Solution Explorer中，右键点击`index.html`，选择选项`Set As Start Page`。
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Click the Run button or press F5 to build and run the application.
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点击“运行”按钮或按F5键来编译和运行应用程序。
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This launches the default browser and runs the QuickStart sample application.
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这样会启动默认浏览器并在里面运行“快速起步”范例程序。
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The default browser opens and displays the QuickStart sample application.
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Try editing any of the project files. *Save* and refresh the browser to
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see the changes.
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尝试编辑任何项目文件，*保存*并刷新浏览器来查看效果。
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.alert.is-important
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:marked
|
||||
Compiler errors such as "*Property `map` does not exist on type `Observable<Response>`*" and
|
||||
"*Observable cannot be found*" indicate an old release of Visual Studio.
|
||||
Exit Visual Studio and follow the [instructions here](https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/issues/8518).
|
||||
|
||||
像“*Property `map` does not exist on type `Observable<Response>`*”和“*Observable cannot be found*”这样的编译错误
|
||||
说明Visual Studio的版本太老了。退出Visual Studio，按照[这里的指南](https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/issues/8518)升级Visual Studio。
|
||||
|
||||
You'll be asked to replace the file
|
||||
|
||||
它会问你是否要覆盖文件。
|
||||
|
||||
code-example.
|
||||
c:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\Common7\IDE\CommonExtensions\Microsoft\TypeScript.typescriptServices.js
|
||||
|
||||
:marked
|
||||
This operation requires admin privileges.
|
||||
|
||||
这个操作需要管理员权限。
|
||||
|
||||
.l-main-section
|
||||
h2#routing Note on Routing Applications
|
||||
|
|
@ -336,10 +338,13 @@ h2#routing 应用程序的路由
|
|||
|
||||
:marked
|
||||
If this application used the Angular router, a browser refresh could return a *404 - Page Not Found*.
|
||||
Look at the address bar. Does it contain a navigation url (a "deep link")?
|
||||
We'll have to configure the server to return `index.html` for these requests.
|
||||
Until we do, remove the navigation path and refresh again.
|
||||
|
||||
如果这个应用程序使用了Angular路由器，刷新浏览器时可能会返回一个*404 - Page Not Found*。查看一下地址栏，它是否包含一个导航url（“深链接”）？
|
||||
Look at the address bar. Does it contain a navigation url (a "deep link") ... any path other than `/` or `/index.html`?
|
||||
|
||||
如果这个应用程序使用了Angular路由器，刷新浏览器时可能会返回一个*404 - Page Not Found*。
|
||||
查看一下地址栏，它是否包含一个导航url（“深链接”）...以及任何除了`/`或`/index.html`以外的路径？
|
||||
|
||||
You'll have to configure the server to return `index.html` for these requests.
|
||||
Until you do, remove the navigation path and refresh again.
|
||||
|
||||
我们必须配置服务器，让它为这些请求直接返回`index.html`的内容。在配置完之前，请暂时删除导航路径，回到首页，再进行刷新。
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue