docs(component-communication): copy edits and update TOCs (#3417)
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@ -13,21 +13,14 @@ include ../_util-fns
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<a id="toc"></a>
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<a id="toc"></a>
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:marked
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:marked
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## Table of contents
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# Contents
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[Pass data from parent to child with input binding](#parent-to-child)
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- [Pass data from parent to child with input binding](#parent-to-child)
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- [Intercept input property changes with a setter](#parent-to-child-setter)
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- [Intercept input property changes with `ngOnChanges()`](#parent-to-child-on-changes)
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- [Parent calls an `@ViewChild()`](#parent-to-view-child)
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- [Parent and children communicate via a service](#bidirectional-service)
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[Intercept input property changes with a setter](#parent-to-child-setter)
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[Intercept input property changes with *ngOnChanges*](#parent-to-child-on-changes)
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[Parent listens for child event](#child-to-parent)
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[Parent interacts with child via a *local variable*](#parent-to-child-local-var)
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[Parent calls a *ViewChild*](#parent-to-view-child)
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[Parent and children communicate via a service](#bidirectional-service)
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:marked
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:marked
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**See the <live-example name="cb-component-communication"></live-example>**.
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**See the <live-example name="cb-component-communication"></live-example>**.
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@ -45,7 +38,7 @@ include ../_util-fns
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The second `@Input` aliases the child component property name `masterName` as `'master'`.
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The second `@Input` aliases the child component property name `masterName` as `'master'`.
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The `HeroParentComponent` nests the child `HeroChildComponent` inside an `*ngFor` repeater,
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The `HeroParentComponent` nests the child `HeroChildComponent` inside an `*ngFor` repeater,
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binding its `master` string property to the child's `master` alias
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binding its `master` string property to the child's `master` alias,
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and each iteration's `hero` instance to the child's `hero` property.
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and each iteration's `hero` instance to the child's `hero` property.
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+makeExample('cb-component-communication/ts/src/app/hero-parent.component.ts')
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+makeExample('cb-component-communication/ts/src/app/hero-parent.component.ts')
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@ -98,14 +91,14 @@ figure.image-display
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.l-main-section
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.l-main-section
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<a id="parent-to-child-on-changes"></a>
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<a id="parent-to-child-on-changes"></a>
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:marked
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:marked
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## Intercept input property changes with *ngOnChanges*
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## Intercept input property changes with *ngOnChanges()*
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Detect and act upon changes to input property values with the `ngOnChanges` method of the `OnChanges` lifecycle hook interface.
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Detect and act upon changes to input property values with the `ngOnChanges()` method of the `OnChanges` lifecycle hook interface.
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.l-sub-section
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.l-sub-section
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:marked
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:marked
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May prefer this approach to the property setter when watching multiple, interacting input properties.
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You may prefer this approach to the property setter when watching multiple, interacting input properties.
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Learn about `ngOnChanges` in the [LifeCycle Hooks](../guide/lifecycle-hooks.html) chapter.
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Learn about `ngOnChanges()` in the [LifeCycle Hooks](../guide/lifecycle-hooks.html) chapter.
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:marked
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:marked
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This `VersionChildComponent` detects changes to the `major` and `minor` input properties and composes a log message reporting these changes:
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This `VersionChildComponent` detects changes to the `major` and `minor` input properties and composes a log message reporting these changes:
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@ -148,15 +141,15 @@ figure.image-display
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+makeExample('cb-component-communication/ts/src/app/voter.component.ts')
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+makeExample('cb-component-communication/ts/src/app/voter.component.ts')
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:marked
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:marked
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Clicking a button triggers emission of a `true` or `false` (the boolean *payload*).
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Clicking a button triggers emission of a `true` or `false`, the boolean *payload*.
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The parent `VoteTakerComponent` binds an event handler (`onVoted`) that responds to the child event
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The parent `VoteTakerComponent` binds an event handler called `onVoted()` that responds to the child event
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payload (`$event`) and updates a counter.
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payload `$event` and updates a counter.
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+makeExample('cb-component-communication/ts/src/app/votetaker.component.ts')
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+makeExample('cb-component-communication/ts/src/app/votetaker.component.ts')
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:marked
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:marked
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The framework passes the event argument — represented by `$event` — to the handler method,
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The framework passes the event argument—represented by `$event`—to the handler method,
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and the method processes it:
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and the method processes it:
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figure.image-display
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figure.image-display
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@ -177,30 +170,30 @@ figure.image-display
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## Parent interacts with child via *local variable*
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## Parent interacts with child via *local variable*
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A parent component cannot use data binding to read child properties
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A parent component cannot use data binding to read child properties
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or invoke child methods. We can do both
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or invoke child methods. You can do both
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by creating a template reference variable for the child element
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by creating a template reference variable for the child element
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and then reference that variable *within the parent template*
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and then reference that variable *within the parent template*
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as seen in the following example.
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as seen in the following example.
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<a id="countdown-timer-example"></a>
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<a id="countdown-timer-example"></a>
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We have a child `CountdownTimerComponent` that repeatedly counts down to zero and launches a rocket.
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The following is a child `CountdownTimerComponent` that repeatedly counts down to zero and launches a rocket.
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It has `start` and `stop` methods that control the clock and it displays a
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It has `start` and `stop` methods that control the clock and it displays a
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countdown status message in its own template.
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countdown status message in its own template.
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+makeExample('cb-component-communication/ts/src/app/countdown-timer.component.ts')
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+makeExample('cb-component-communication/ts/src/app/countdown-timer.component.ts')
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:marked
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:marked
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Let's see the `CountdownLocalVarParentComponent` that hosts the timer component.
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The `CountdownLocalVarParentComponent` that hosts the timer component is as follows:
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+makeExample('cb-component-communication/ts/src/app/countdown-parent.component.ts', 'lv')
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+makeExample('cb-component-communication/ts/src/app/countdown-parent.component.ts', 'lv')
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:marked
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:marked
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The parent component cannot data bind to the child's
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The parent component cannot data bind to the child's
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`start` and `stop` methods nor to its `seconds` property.
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`start` and `stop` methods nor to its `seconds` property.
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We can place a local variable (`#timer`) on the tag (`<countdown-timer>`) representing the child component.
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You can place a local variable, `#timer`, on the tag `<countdown-timer>` representing the child component.
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That gives us a reference to the child component itself and the ability to access
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That gives you a reference to the child component and the ability to access
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*any of its properties or methods* from within the parent template.
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*any of its properties or methods* from within the parent template.
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In this example, we wire parent buttons to the child's `start` and `stop` and
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This example wires parent buttons to the child's `start` and `stop` and
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use interpolation to display the child's `seconds` property.
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uses interpolation to display the child's `seconds` property.
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Here we see the parent and child working together.
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Here we see the parent and child working together.
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@ -223,52 +216,53 @@ a(id="countdown-tests")
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.l-main-section
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.l-main-section
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<a id="parent-to-view-child"></a>
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<a id="parent-to-view-child"></a>
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:marked
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:marked
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## Parent calls a *ViewChild*
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## Parent calls an _@ViewChild()_
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The *local variable* approach is simple and easy. But it is limited because
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The *local variable* approach is simple and easy. But it is limited because
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the parent-child wiring must be done entirely within the parent template.
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the parent-child wiring must be done entirely within the parent template.
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The parent component *itself* has no access to the child.
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The parent component *itself* has no access to the child.
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We can't use the *local variable* technique if an instance of the parent component *class*
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You can't use the *local variable* technique if an instance of the parent component *class*
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must read or write child component values or must call child component methods.
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must read or write child component values or must call child component methods.
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When the parent component *class* requires that kind of access,
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When the parent component *class* requires that kind of access,
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we ***inject*** the child component into the parent as a *ViewChild*.
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***inject*** the child component into the parent as a *ViewChild*.
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We'll illustrate this technique with the same [Countdown Timer](#countdown-timer-example) example.
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The following example illustrates this technique with the same
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We won't change its appearance or behavior.
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[Countdown Timer](#countdown-timer-example) example.
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Neither its appearance nor its behavior will change.
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The child [CountdownTimerComponent](#countdown-timer-example) is the same as well.
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The child [CountdownTimerComponent](#countdown-timer-example) is the same as well.
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.l-sub-section
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.l-sub-section
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:marked
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:marked
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We are switching from the *local variable* to the *ViewChild* technique
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The switch from the *local variable* to the *ViewChild* technique
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solely for the purpose of demonstration.
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is solely for the purpose of demonstration.
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:marked
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:marked
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Here is the parent, `CountdownViewChildParentComponent`:
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Here is the parent, `CountdownViewChildParentComponent`:
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+makeExample('cb-component-communication/ts/src/app/countdown-parent.component.ts', 'vc')
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+makeExample('cb-component-communication/ts/src/app/countdown-parent.component.ts', 'vc')
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:marked
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:marked
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It takes a bit more work to get the child view into the parent component *class*.
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It takes a bit more work to get the child view into the parent component *class*.
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We import references to the `ViewChild` decorator and the `AfterViewInit` lifecycle hook.
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First, you have to import references to the `ViewChild` decorator and the `AfterViewInit` lifecycle hook.
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We inject the child `CountdownTimerComponent` into the private `timerComponent` property
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Next, inject the child `CountdownTimerComponent` into the private `timerComponent` property
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via the `@ViewChild` property decoration.
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via the `@ViewChild` property decoration.
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The `#timer` local variable is gone from the component metadata.
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The `#timer` local variable is gone from the component metadata.
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Instead we bind the buttons to the parent component's own `start` and `stop` methods and
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Instead, bind the buttons to the parent component's own `start` and `stop` methods and
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present the ticking seconds in an interpolation around the parent component's `seconds` method.
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present the ticking seconds in an interpolation around the parent component's `seconds` method.
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These methods access the injected timer component directly.
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These methods access the injected timer component directly.
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The `ngAfterViewInit` lifecycle hook is an important wrinkle.
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The `ngAfterViewInit()` lifecycle hook is an important wrinkle.
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The timer component isn't available until *after* Angular displays the parent view.
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The timer component isn't available until *after* Angular displays the parent view.
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So we display `0` seconds initially.
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So it displays `0` seconds initially.
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Then Angular calls the `ngAfterViewInit` lifecycle hook at which time it is *too late*
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Then Angular calls the `ngAfterViewInit` lifecycle hook at which time it is *too late*
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to update the parent view's display of the countdown seconds.
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to update the parent view's display of the countdown seconds.
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Angular's unidirectional data flow rule prevents us from updating the parent view's
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Angular's unidirectional data flow rule prevents updating the parent view's
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in the same cycle. We have to *wait one turn* before we can display the seconds.
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in the same cycle. The app has to *wait one turn* before it can display the seconds.
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We use `setTimeout` to wait one tick and then revise the `seconds` method so
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Use `setTimeout()` to wait one tick and then revise the `seconds()` method so
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that it takes future values from the timer component.
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that it takes future values from the timer component.
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### Test it
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### Test it
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@ -304,12 +298,12 @@ a(id="countdown-tests")
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.l-sub-section
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.l-sub-section
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:marked
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:marked
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Notice that we capture the `subscription` and unsubscribe when the `AstronautComponent` is destroyed.
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Notice that this example captures the `subscription` and `unsubscribe()` when the `AstronautComponent` is destroyed.
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This is a memory-leak guard step. There is no actual risk in this app because the
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This is a memory-leak guard step. There is no actual risk in this app because the
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lifetime of a `AstronautComponent` is the same as the lifetime of the app itself.
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lifetime of a `AstronautComponent` is the same as the lifetime of the app itself.
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That *would not* always be true in a more complex application.
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That *would not* always be true in a more complex application.
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We do not add this guard to the `MissionControlComponent` because, as the parent,
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You don't add this guard to the `MissionControlComponent` because, as the parent,
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it controls the lifetime of the `MissionService`.
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it controls the lifetime of the `MissionService`.
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:marked
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:marked
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The *History* log demonstrates that messages travel in both directions between
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The *History* log demonstrates that messages travel in both directions between
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@ -323,7 +317,7 @@ figure.image-display
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### Test it
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### Test it
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Tests click buttons of both the parent `MissionControlComponent` and the `AstronautComponent` children
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Tests click buttons of both the parent `MissionControlComponent` and the `AstronautComponent` children
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and verify that the *History* meets expectations:
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and verify that the history meets expectations:
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+makeExample('cb-component-communication/e2e-spec.ts', 'bidirectional-service')
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+makeExample('cb-component-communication/e2e-spec.ts', 'bidirectional-service')
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