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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ include ../_util-fns
Angular applications and Angular itself depend upon features and functionality provided by a variety of third-party packages (including Angular itself). Angular applications and Angular itself depend upon features and functionality provided by a variety of third-party packages (including Angular itself).
These packages are maintained and installed with the Node Package Manager (<a href="https://docs.npmjs.com/" target="_blank">npm</a>). These packages are maintained and installed with the Node Package Manager (<a href="https://docs.npmjs.com/" target="_blank">npm</a>).
Angular应用以及Angular本身都依赖于由很多第三方包（包括Angular自己）提供的特性和功能。 Angular应用程序以及Angular本身都依赖于很多第三方包（包括Angular自己）提供的特性和功能。
这些包由Node包管理器(<a href="https://docs.npmjs.com/" target="_blank">npm</a>)负责安装和维护。 这些包由Node包管理器(<a href="https://docs.npmjs.com/" target="_blank">npm</a>)负责安装和维护。
.l-sub-section .l-sub-section
:marked :marked
@ -15,9 +15,7 @@ include ../_util-fns
<a href="https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/installing-node" target="_blank" title="Installing Node.js and updating npm"> <a href="https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/installing-node" target="_blank" title="Installing Node.js and updating npm">
Get it now</a> if it's not already installed on your machine Get it now</a> if it's not already installed on your machine
如果你的电脑上还没有装过，请 如果你的电脑上还没有装过，请<a href="https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/installing-node" target="_blank" title="Installing Node.js and updating npm">立即获取它</a>！
<a href="https://docs.npmjs.com/getting-started/installing-node" target="_blank" title="Installing Node.js and updating npm">
立即获取它</a>！
**Verify that you are running at least node `v5.x.x` and npm `3.x.x`** **Verify that you are running at least node `v5.x.x` and npm `3.x.x`**
by running `node -v` and `npm -v` in a terminal/console window. by running `node -v` and `npm -v` in a terminal/console window.
@ -36,7 +34,7 @@ include ../_util-fns
<a href="https://docs.npmjs.com/files/package.json" target="_blank">package.json</a> file: <a href="https://docs.npmjs.com/files/package.json" target="_blank">package.json</a> file:
我们在“快速起步”一章中<a href="https://docs.npmjs.com/files/package.json" target="_blank">package.json</a>文件的 我们在“快速起步”一章中<a href="https://docs.npmjs.com/files/package.json" target="_blank">package.json</a>文件的
`dependencies`和`devDependencies`区中指定了一组适用于新手儿的综合依赖包。 `dependencies`和`devDependencies`区中指定了一组适用于新手的综合依赖包。
+makeJson('quickstart/ts/package.1.json',{ paths: 'dependencies, devDependencies'}, 'package.json (dependencies)')(format=".") +makeJson('quickstart/ts/package.1.json',{ paths: 'dependencies, devDependencies'}, 'package.json (dependencies)')(format=".")
:marked :marked
There are other possible package choices and you're likely to add and subtract to meet your application needs. There are other possible package choices and you're likely to add and subtract to meet your application needs.
@ -56,7 +54,7 @@ include ../_util-fns
There is no harm in installing more than we need. There is no harm in installing more than we need.
We only serve to the client those packages that the application actually requests. We only serve to the client those packages that the application actually requests.
它们远远超过了我们将在“快速起步”中用到的。 它们远远超过了我们将在“快速起步”中所需要用到的。
实际上，它比我们在大多数应用中需要的还多。 实际上，它比我们在大多数应用中需要的还多。
安装的包比我们实际需要的包多，其实并没有什么坏处。 安装的包比我们实际需要的包多，其实并没有什么坏处。
我们最终只会往客户端发送程序中实际用到的那些包。 我们最终只会往客户端发送程序中实际用到的那些包。
@ -157,9 +155,9 @@ a(id="dependencies")
SystemJS happens to be the one we use in the documentation samples. It works. SystemJS happens to be the one we use in the documentation samples. It works.
***[system.js](https://github.com/systemjs/systemjs)*** - 是一个动态的模块加载器， ***[system.js](https://github.com/systemjs/systemjs)*** - 是一个动态的模块加载器，
与[ES2015 module](http://www.2ality.com/2014/09/es6-modules-final.html)规范兼容。 与[ES2015模块](http://www.2ality.com/2014/09/es6-modules-final.html)规范兼容。
还有很多其他选择，比如广受欢迎的[webpack](https://webpack.github.io/)。 还有很多其他选择，比如广受欢迎的[webpack](https://webpack.github.io/)。
SystemJS被用在了我们的文档范例中。这只是因为它能工作。 SystemJS被用在了我们的文档范例中。因为它能工作。
Our applications are likely to require additional packages that provide Our applications are likely to require additional packages that provide
HTML controls, themes, data access, and various utilities. HTML controls, themes, data access, and various utilities.
@ -176,8 +174,8 @@ a(id="polyfills")
Angular requires certain [polyfills](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyfill) in the application environment. Angular requires certain [polyfills](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyfill) in the application environment.
We install these polyfills with very specific npm packages that Angular lists in the *peerDependencies* section of its `package.json`. We install these polyfills with very specific npm packages that Angular lists in the *peerDependencies* section of its `package.json`.
在应用程序的运行环境中，Angular需要某些[填充物](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyfill)。 在应用程序的运行环境中，Angular需要某些[填充库](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyfill)。
我们通过特定的npm包来安装这些填充物，Angular本身把它列在了`package.json`中的*peerDependencies*区。 我们通过特定的npm包来安装这些填充库，Angular本身把它列在了`package.json`中的*peerDependencies*区。
We must list these packages in the `dependencies` section of our own `package.json`. We must list these packages in the `dependencies` section of our own `package.json`.
@ -209,7 +207,7 @@ a(id="polyfills")
Developers should be able to pick a preferred version of *rxjs* (within a compatible version range) Developers should be able to pick a preferred version of *rxjs* (within a compatible version range)
without waiting for Angular updates. without waiting for Angular updates.
***rxjs*** - 一个为[可观察对象(Observable)规范](https://github.com/zenparsing/es-observable)提供的填充物，该规范已经提交给了 ***rxjs*** - 一个为[可观察对象(Observable)规范](https://github.com/zenparsing/es-observable)提供的填充库，该规范已经提交给了
[TC39](http://www.ecma-international.org/memento/TC39.htm)委员会，以决定是否要在JavaScript语言中进行标准化。 [TC39](http://www.ecma-international.org/memento/TC39.htm)委员会，以决定是否要在JavaScript语言中进行标准化。
开发人员应该能在兼容的版本中选择一个喜欢的*rxjs*版本，而不用等Angular升级。 开发人员应该能在兼容的版本中选择一个喜欢的*rxjs*版本，而不用等Angular升级。
@ -218,7 +216,7 @@ a(id="polyfills")
Developers should be able to pick a preferred version of *zone.js* to use (within a compatible version range) Developers should be able to pick a preferred version of *zone.js* to use (within a compatible version range)
without waiting for Angular updates. without waiting for Angular updates.
***zone.js*** - 一个为[Zone规范](https://gist.github.com/mhevery/63fdcdf7c65886051d55)提供的填充物，该规范已经提交给了 ***zone.js*** - 一个为[Zone规范](https://gist.github.com/mhevery/63fdcdf7c65886051d55)提供的填充库，该规范已经提交给了
[TC39](http://www.ecma-international.org/memento/TC39.htm)委员会，以决定是否要在JavaScript语言中进行标准化。 [TC39](http://www.ecma-international.org/memento/TC39.htm)委员会，以决定是否要在JavaScript语言中进行标准化。
开发人员应该能在兼容的版本中选择一个喜欢的*zone.js*版本，而不用等Angular升级。 开发人员应该能在兼容的版本中选择一个喜欢的*zone.js*版本，而不用等Angular升级。
@ -240,7 +238,7 @@ a(id="other")
***bootstrap*** - [bootstrap](http://getbootstrap.com/) is a popular HTML and CSS framework for designing responsive web apps. ***bootstrap*** - [bootstrap](http://getbootstrap.com/) is a popular HTML and CSS framework for designing responsive web apps.
Some of the documentation samples improve their appearance with *bootstrap*. Some of the documentation samples improve their appearance with *bootstrap*.
***bootstrap*** - [bootstrap](http://getbootstrap.com/)是一个广受欢迎的HTML和CSS框架，可用来设计响应式Web应用。 ***bootstrap*** - [bootstrap](http://getbootstrap.com/)是一个广受欢迎的HTML和CSS框架，可用来设计响应式网络应用。
有些文档中的范例使用了*bootstrap*来强化它们的外观。 有些文档中的范例使用了*bootstrap*来强化它们的外观。
a(id="dev-dependencies") a(id="dev-dependencies")
@ -273,7 +271,7 @@ a(id="dev-dependencies")
***[typings](https://www.npmjs.com/package/typings)*** - a manager for TypeScript definition files. ***[typings](https://www.npmjs.com/package/typings)*** - a manager for TypeScript definition files.
Learn more about it in the [TypeScript Configuration](typescript-configuration.html#typings) chapter. Learn more about it in the [TypeScript Configuration](typescript-configuration.html#typings) chapter.
***[typings](https://www.npmjs.com/package/typings)*** - 一个“TypeScript定义”文件的管理器。 ***[typings](https://www.npmjs.com/package/typings)*** - 一个“TypeScript定义”文件管理器。
要了解更多，请参见[TypeScript配置](typescript-configuration.html#typings)一章。 要了解更多，请参见[TypeScript配置](typescript-configuration.html#typings)一章。
This section likely grows as we add more tools, testing, and build support. This section likely grows as we add more tools, testing, and build support.
@ -344,13 +342,13 @@ a(id="why-peer-dependencies")
> >
>A **peerDependency** says, "if you want to use me, you need this thing available to *you*." >A **peerDependency** says, "if you want to use me, you need this thing available to *you*."
> >
>**peerDependency**说：“如果你想使用我，你得先让这东西*对你*可用” >**peerDependency**说：“如果你想使用我，你得先确保这东西*对你*可用”
Angular finds itself in this situation. Angular finds itself in this situation.
Accordingly, the Angular `package.json` specifies several *peer dependency* packages, Accordingly, the Angular `package.json` specifies several *peer dependency* packages,
each pinned to a particular version of a third-party package. each pinned to a particular version of a third-party package.
Angular在这种情况下会自己找。 Angular就存在这个问题。
因此，Angular的`package.json`中指定了一系列*平级依赖*包， 因此，Angular的`package.json`中指定了一系列*平级依赖*包，
把每个第三方包都固定在一个特定的版本上。 把每个第三方包都固定在一个特定的版本上。
@ -361,13 +359,13 @@ a(id="why-peer-dependencies")
it also installs the packages listed within *their* packages `dependencies` sections. it also installs the packages listed within *their* packages `dependencies` sections.
The process is recursive. The process is recursive.
当*npm*安装那些在*我们的*`dependencies*区指定的包时， 当*npm*安装那些在*我们的*`dependencies`区指定的包时，
它也会同时安装上在*那些包*的`dependencies`区所指定的那些包。 它也会同时安装上在*那些包*的`dependencies`区所指定的那些包。
这个安装过程是递归的。 这个安装过程是递归的。
But as of version 3, *npm* does *not* install packages listed in *peerDependencies* sections. But as of version 3, *npm* does *not* install packages listed in *peerDependencies* sections.
但是在第三版中，*npm* *不会*安装列在*peerDependencies*区的那些包。 但是在npm的第三版中，*它不会*安装列在*peerDependencies*区的那些包。
That means when our application installs Angular, ***npm* will not automatically install That means when our application installs Angular, ***npm* will not automatically install
the packages listed in Angular's *peerDependencies* section**. the packages listed in Angular's *peerDependencies* section**.