chore: use the provide object literal

closes #1594
replace `provide(...{use:...})` with `{provide: ..., use...}` syntax

public/docs/_examples/cb-dependency-injection/e2e-spec.ts

@@ -35,16 +35,11 @@ describe('Dependency Injection Cookbook', function () {
       expect(sortedHero).toBeDefined();
     });
 
-    it('should render Hero of the Month when DI deps are defined using provide()', function () {
+    it('should render Hero of the Month', function () {
       let heroOfTheMonth = element.all(by.xpath('//h3[text()="Hero of the month"]')).get(0);
       expect(heroOfTheMonth).toBeDefined();
     });
 
-    it('should render Hero of the Month when DI deps are defined using provide object literal', function () {
-      let heroOfTheMonth = element.all(by.xpath('//h3[text()="Hero of the month 2"]')).get(0);
-      expect(heroOfTheMonth).toBeDefined();
-    });
-
     it('should render Hero Bios', function () {
       let heroBios = element.all(by.xpath('//h3[text()="Hero Bios"]')).get(0);
       expect(heroBios).toBeDefined();
@@ -60,16 +55,11 @@ describe('Dependency Injection Cookbook', function () {
       expect(magmaPhone).toBeDefined();
     });
 
-    it('should render Hero-of-the-Month runner-ups when DI deps are defined using provide()', function () {
+    it('should render Hero-of-the-Month runner-ups', function () {
       let runnersUp =  element(by.id('rups1')).getText();
       expect(runnersUp).toContain('RubberMan, Mr. Nice');
     });
 
-    it('should render Hero-of-the-Month runner-ups when DI deps are defined using provide object literal', function () {
-      let runnersUp =  element(by.id('rups2')).getText();
-      expect(runnersUp).toContain('RubberMan, Mr. Nice');
-    });
-
     it('should render DateLogger log entry in Hero-of-the-Month', function () {
       let logs =  element.all(by.id('logs')).get(0).getText();
       expect(logs).toContain('INFO: starting up at');

public/docs/_examples/cb-dependency-injection/ts/app/app.component.html

@@ -23,10 +23,6 @@
   <hero-of-the-month></hero-of-the-month>
 </div>
 
-<div class="di-component">
-  <hero-of-the-month-lit></hero-of-the-month-lit>
-</div>
-
 <div class="di-component">
   <h3>Unsorted Heroes</h3>
   <unsorted-heroes></unsorted-heroes>

public/docs/_examples/cb-dependency-injection/ts/app/app.component.ts

@@ -9,13 +9,10 @@ import { HeroesBaseComponent,
 import { HighlightDirective }          from './highlight.directive';
 import { ParentFinderComponent }       from './parent-finder.component';
 
-// Object Literal syntax
-import { HeroOfTheMonthLiteralsComponent } from './hero-of-the-month-literals.component';
-
 const DIRECTIVES = [
     HeroBiosComponent, HeroBiosAndContactsComponent,
     HeroesBaseComponent, SortedHeroesComponent,
-    HeroOfTheMonthComponent, HeroOfTheMonthLiteralsComponent,
+    HeroOfTheMonthComponent,
     HighlightDirective,
     ParentFinderComponent
 ];

public/docs/_examples/cb-dependency-injection/ts/app/hero-of-the-month-literals.component.ts

@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-/* tslint:disable:one-line:check-open-brace*/
-// #docplaster
-// #docregion opaque-token
-import { OpaqueToken } from '@angular/core';
-
-export const TITLE = new OpaqueToken('title');
-// #enddocregion opaque-token
-
-// #docregion hero-of-the-month
-import { Component, Inject } from '@angular/core';
-
-import { DateLoggerService,
-         MinimalLogger }     from './date-logger.service';
-import { Hero }              from './hero';
-import { HeroService }       from './hero.service';
-import { LoggerService }     from './logger.service';
-import { RUNNERS_UP,
-         runnersUpFactory }  from './runners-up';
-
-// #enddocregion hero-of-the-month
-// #docregion some-hero
-const someHero = new Hero(42, 'Magma', 'Had a great month!', '555-555-5555');
-// #enddocregion some-hero
-
-const template = `
-  <h3>{{title}}</h3>
-  <div>Winner: <strong>{{heroOfTheMonth.name}}</strong></div>
-  <div>Reason for award: <strong>{{heroOfTheMonth.description}}</strong></div>
-  <div>Runners-up: <strong id="rups2">{{runnersUp}}</strong></div>
-
-  <p>Logs:</p>
-  <div id="logs">
-    <div *ngFor="let log of logs">{{log}}</div>
-  </div>
-  `;
-
-// #docregion hero-of-the-month
-@Component({
-  selector: 'hero-of-the-month-lit',
-  template: template,
-  // #docregion providers-using-object-literals
-  providers: [
-    {provide: Hero,          useValue:    someHero},
-    {provide: TITLE,         useValue:    'Hero of the Month - Object Literals'},
-    {provide: HeroService,   useClass:    HeroService},
-    {provide: LoggerService, useClass:    DateLoggerService},
-    {provide: MinimalLogger, useExisting: LoggerService},
-    {provide: RUNNERS_UP,    useFactory:  runnersUpFactory(2), deps: [Hero, HeroService]}
-  ]
-  // #enddocregion providers-using-object-literals
-})
-export class HeroOfTheMonthLiteralsComponent {
-  logs: string[] = [];
-
-// #docregion ctor-signature
-  constructor(
-      logger: MinimalLogger,
-      public heroOfTheMonth: Hero,
-      @Inject(RUNNERS_UP) public runnersUp: string,
-      @Inject(TITLE) public title: string)
-// #enddocregion ctor-signature
-  {
-    this.logs = logger.logs;
-    logger.logInfo('starting up');
-  }
-}
-// #enddocregion hero-of-the-month

public/docs/_examples/cb-dependency-injection/ts/app/hero-of-the-month.component.ts

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ export const TITLE = new OpaqueToken('title');
 // #enddocregion opaque-token
 
 // #docregion hero-of-the-month
-import { Component, Inject, provide } from '@angular/core';
+import { Component, Inject } from '@angular/core';
 
 import { DateLoggerService,
          MinimalLogger }     from './date-logger.service';
@@ -40,20 +40,20 @@ const template = `
   template: template,
   providers: [
     // #docregion use-value
-    provide(Hero,          {useValue:    someHero}),
+    { provide: Hero,          useValue:    someHero },
     // #docregion provide-opaque-token
-    provide(TITLE,         {useValue:   'Hero of the Month'}),
+    { provide: TITLE,         useValue:   'Hero of the Month' },
     // #enddocregion provide-opaque-token
     // #enddocregion use-value
     // #docregion use-class
-    provide(HeroService,   {useClass:    HeroService}),
+    { provide: HeroService,   useClass:    HeroService },
-    provide(LoggerService, {useClass:    DateLoggerService}),
+    { provide: LoggerService, useClass:    DateLoggerService },
     // #enddocregion use-class
     // #docregion use-existing
-    provide(MinimalLogger, {useExisting: LoggerService}),
+    { provide: MinimalLogger, useExisting: LoggerService },
     // #enddocregion use-existing
     // #docregion provide-opaque-token, use-factory
-    provide(RUNNERS_UP,    {useFactory:  runnersUpFactory(2), deps: [Hero, HeroService]})
+    { provide: RUNNERS_UP,    useFactory:  runnersUpFactory(2), deps: [Hero, HeroService] }
     // #enddocregion provide-opaque-token, use-factory
   ]
 })

public/docs/_examples/cb-dependency-injection/ts/app/main.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 // #docregion
 import { bootstrap }        from '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic';
-import { provide }          from '@angular/core';
 import { XHRBackend }       from '@angular/http';
 import { ROUTER_PROVIDERS } from '@angular/router-deprecated';
 import { LocationStrategy,
@@ -15,10 +14,9 @@ import { AppComponent }     from './app.component';
 // #docregion bootstrap
 bootstrap(AppComponent, [
   ROUTER_PROVIDERS,
-  provide(LocationStrategy,
+  { provide: LocationStrategy, useClass: HashLocationStrategy },
-         {useClass: HashLocationStrategy}),
 
-  provide(XHRBackend, { useClass: InMemoryBackendService }), // in-mem server
+  { provide: XHRBackend, useClass: InMemoryBackendService }, // in-mem server
-  provide(SEED_DATA,  { useClass: HeroData }) // in-mem server data
+  { provide: SEED_DATA,  useClass: HeroData } // in-mem server data
 ]).catch((err: any) => console.error(err));
 // #enddocregion bootstrap

public/docs/_examples/cb-dependency-injection/ts/app/parent-finder.component.ts

@@ -22,14 +22,17 @@ const DifferentParent = Parent;
 const provideParent =
 // #enddocregion provide-parent, provide-the-parent
 // #docregion provide-parent
-  (component: any, parentType?: any) =>
+  (component: any, parentType?: any) => {
-    provide(parentType || Parent, { useExisting: forwardRef(() => component) });
+    return { provide: parentType || Parent, useExisting: forwardRef(() => component) }
+  };
 // #enddocregion provide-parent
 
 // Simpler syntax version that always provides the component in the name of `Parent`.
 const provideTheParent =
 // #docregion provide-the-parent
-  (component: any) => provide(Parent, { useExisting: forwardRef(() => component) });
+  (component: any) => {
+    return { provide: Parent, useExisting: forwardRef(() => component) }
+  };
 // #enddocregion provide-the-parent
 
 
@@ -105,7 +108,7 @@ const templateB = `
   selector:   'barry',
   template:   templateB,
   directives: C_DIRECTIVES,
-  providers:  [ provide(Parent, { useExisting: forwardRef(() => BarryComponent) }) ]
+  providers:  [{ provide: Parent, useExisting: forwardRef(() => BarryComponent) }]
 })
 export class BarryComponent implements Parent {
   name = 'Barry';
@@ -155,7 +158,7 @@ const B_DIRECTIVES = [ BarryComponent, BethComponent, BobComponent ];
     </div>`,
 // #enddocregion alex-1
 // #docregion alex-providers
-  providers: [ provide(Parent, { useExisting: forwardRef(() => AlexComponent) }) ],
+  providers: [{ provide: Parent, useExisting: forwardRef(() => AlexComponent) }],
 // #enddocregion alex-providers
 // #docregion alex-1
   directives: C_DIRECTIVES

public/docs/_examples/cb-ts-to-js/js/app/main.js

@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@
   // #enddocregion appimport
 
   // #docregion ng2import
-  var provide =
-    ng.core.provide;
   var bootstrap =
     ng.platformBrowserDynamic.bootstrap;
   var LocationStrategy =
@@ -25,10 +23,10 @@
     bootstrap(app.HeroDIComponent, [app.DataService]);
     bootstrap(app.HeroDIInlineComponent, [app.DataService]);
     bootstrap(app.HeroDIInjectComponent, [
-      ng.core.provide('heroName', {useValue: 'Windstorm'})
+      { provide: 'heroName', useValue: 'Windstorm' }
     ]);
     bootstrap(app.HeroDIInjectComponent2, [
-      ng.core.provide('heroName', {useValue: 'Bombasto'})
+      { provide: 'heroName', useValue: 'Bombasto' }
     ]);
     bootstrap(app.HeroDIInjectAdditionalComponent);
     bootstrap(app.HeroIOComponent);

public/docs/_examples/cb-ts-to-js/ts/app/main.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 // #docregion ng2import
-import { provide }
-  from '@angular/core';
 import { bootstrap }
   from '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic';
 import {
@@ -29,7 +27,7 @@ bootstrap(HeroComponent);
 bootstrap(HeroLifecycleComponent);
 bootstrap(HeroDIComponent, [DataService]);
 bootstrap(HeroDIInjectComponent, [
-  provide('heroName', {useValue: 'Windstorm'})
+  { provide: 'heroName', useValue: 'Windstorm' }
 ]);
 bootstrap(AppDIInjectAdditionalComponent);
 bootstrap(AppIOComponent);

public/docs/_examples/dependency-injection/dart/lib/providers_component.dart

@@ -27,38 +27,6 @@ class ProviderComponent1 {
   }
 }
 
-@Component(
-    selector: 'provider-2',
-    template: '{{log}}',
-    providers:
-      // #docregion providers-2
-      const [const Provider(Logger, useClass: Logger)]
-      // #enddocregion providers-2
-)
-class ProviderComponent2 {
-  String log;
-
-  ProviderComponent2(Logger logger) {
-    logger.log('Hello from logger provided with Provider class and useClass');
-    log = logger.logs[0];
-  }
-}
-
-/// Component just used to ensure that shared E2E tests pass.
-@Component(
-  selector: 'provider-3',
-  template: '{{log}}',
-  providers: const [const Provider(Logger, useClass: Logger)]
-)
-class ProviderComponent3 {
-  String log;
-
-  ProviderComponent3(Logger logger) {
-    logger.log('Hello from logger provided with useClass');
-    log = logger.logs[0];
-  }
-}
-
 /// Component just used to ensure that shared E2E tests pass.
 @Component(
   selector: 'provider-3a',
@@ -282,8 +250,6 @@ class ProviderComponent10 implements OnInit {
     template: '''
       <h2>Provider variations</h2>
       <div id="p1"><provider-1></provider-1></div>
-      <div id="p2"><provider-2></provider-2></div>
-      <div id="p3"><provider-3></provider-3></div>
       <div id="p3a"><provider-3a></provider-3a></div>
       <div id="p4"><provider-4></provider-4></div>
       <div id="p5"><provider-5></provider-5></div>
@@ -295,8 +261,6 @@ class ProviderComponent10 implements OnInit {
       <div id="p10"><provider-10></provider-10></div>''',
     directives: const [
       ProviderComponent1,
-      ProviderComponent2,
-      ProviderComponent3,
       ProviderComponent3a,
       ProviderComponent4,
       ProviderComponent5,

public/docs/_examples/dependency-injection/e2e-spec.ts

@@ -80,18 +80,8 @@ describe('Dependency Injection Tests', function () {
       expect(element(by.css('#p1')).getText()).toEqual(expectedMsg);
     });
 
-    it('P2 (Provider) displays as expected', function () {
-      expectedMsg = 'Hello from logger provided with Provider class and useClass';
-      expect(element(by.css('#p2')).getText()).toEqual(expectedMsg);
-    });
-
-    it('P3 (provide) displays as expected', function () {
-      expectedMsg = 'Hello from logger provided with useClass';
-      expect(element(by.css('#p3')).getText()).toEqual(expectedMsg);
-    });
-
     it('P3a (provide) displays as expected', function () {
-      expectedMsg = 'Hello from logger provided with {provide: Logger, useClass: Logger}';
+      expectedMsg = 'Hello from logger provided with { provide: Logger, useClass: Logger }';
       expect(element(by.css('#p3a')).getText()).toEqual(expectedMsg);
     });
 

public/docs/_examples/dependency-injection/ts/app/app.component.2.ts

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { Component }         from '@angular/core';
 import { CarComponent }      from './car/car.component';
 import { HeroesComponent }   from './heroes/heroes.component.1';
 
-import { provide, Inject }   from '@angular/core';
+import { Inject }   from '@angular/core';
 import { APP_CONFIG, AppConfig,
          HERO_DI_CONFIG }    from './app.config';
 import { Logger }            from './logger.service';
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import { Logger }            from './logger.service';
   providers: [
     Logger,
    // #docregion providers
-    provide(APP_CONFIG, {useValue: HERO_DI_CONFIG})
+    { provide: APP_CONFIG, useValue: HERO_DI_CONFIG }
    // #enddocregion providers
   ]
 })

public/docs/_examples/dependency-injection/ts/app/app.component.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // #docplaster
 // #docregion
 // #docregion imports
-import { Component, Inject, provide } from '@angular/core';
+import { Component, Inject } from '@angular/core';
 
 import { CarComponent }      from './car/car.component';
 import { HeroesComponent }   from './heroes/heroes.component';
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ import { ProvidersComponent } from './providers.component';
   providers: [
     Logger,
     UserService,
-    provide(APP_CONFIG, {useValue: HERO_DI_CONFIG})
+    { provide: APP_CONFIG, useValue: HERO_DI_CONFIG }
   ]
   // #enddocregion providers
 })

public/docs/_examples/dependency-injection/ts/app/heroes/hero.service.provider.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 // #docregion
-import { provide }     from '@angular/core';
-
 import { HeroService } from './hero.service';
 import { Logger }      from '../logger.service';
 import { UserService } from '../user.service';
@@ -13,8 +11,8 @@ let heroServiceFactory = (logger: Logger, userService: UserService) => {
 
 // #docregion provider
 export let heroServiceProvider =
-  provide(HeroService, {
+  { provide: HeroService,
     useFactory: heroServiceFactory,
     deps: [Logger, UserService]
-  });
+  };
 // #enddocregion provider

public/docs/_examples/dependency-injection/ts/app/providers.component.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 /* tslint:disable:one-line:check-open-brace*/
 // Examples of provider arrays
 // #docplaster
-import { Component, Inject, Injectable,
+import { Component, Inject, Injectable } from '@angular/core';
-         provide, Provider }    from '@angular/core';
 
 import { APP_CONFIG, AppConfig,
          HERO_DI_CONFIG }       from './app.config';
@@ -30,53 +29,19 @@ export class ProviderComponent1 {
   }
 }
 
-//////////////////////////////////////////
-@Component({
-  selector: 'provider-2',
-  template: template,
-  providers:
-    // #docregion providers-2
-    [new Provider(Logger, {useClass: Logger})]
-    // #enddocregion providers-2
-})
-export class ProviderComponent2 {
-  log: string;
-  constructor(logger: Logger) {
-    logger.log('Hello from logger provided with Provider class and useClass');
-    this.log = logger.logs[0];
-  }
-}
-
-//////////////////////////////////////////
-@Component({
-  selector: 'provider-3',
-  template: template,
-  providers:
-    // #docregion providers-3
-    [provide(Logger, {useClass: Logger})]
-    // #enddocregion providers-3
-})
-export class ProviderComponent3 {
-  log: string;
-  constructor(logger: Logger) {
-    logger.log('Hello from logger provided with useClass');
-    this.log = logger.logs[0];
-  }
-}
-
 //////////////////////////////////////////
 @Component({
   selector: 'provider-3a',
   template: template,
   providers:
     // #docregion providers-3a
-    [{provide: Logger, useClass: Logger}]
+    [{ provide: Logger, useClass: Logger }]
     // #enddocregion providers-3a
 })
 export class ProviderComponent3a {
   log: string;
   constructor(logger: Logger) {
-    logger.log('Hello from logger provided with {provide: Logger, useClass: Logger}');
+    logger.log('Hello from logger provided with { provide: Logger, useClass: Logger }');
     this.log = logger.logs[0];
   }
 }
@@ -89,7 +54,7 @@ class BetterLogger extends Logger {}
   template: template,
   providers:
     // #docregion providers-4
-    [provide(Logger, {useClass: BetterLogger})]
+    [{ provide: Logger, useClass: BetterLogger }]
     // #enddocregion providers-4
 })
 export class ProviderComponent4 {
@@ -119,7 +84,7 @@ class EvenBetterLogger extends Logger {
   providers:
     // #docregion providers-5
     [ UserService,
-      provide(Logger, {useClass: EvenBetterLogger}) ]
+      { provide: Logger, useClass: EvenBetterLogger }]
     // #enddocregion providers-5
 })
 export class ProviderComponent5 {
@@ -146,7 +111,7 @@ class OldLogger {
     // #docregion providers-6a
     [ NewLogger,
       // Not aliased! Creates two instances of `NewLogger`
-      provide(OldLogger, {useClass: NewLogger}) ]
+      { provide: OldLogger, useClass: NewLogger}]
     // #enddocregion providers-6a
 })
 export class ProviderComponent6a {
@@ -169,7 +134,7 @@ export class ProviderComponent6a {
     // #docregion providers-6b
     [ NewLogger,
       // Alias OldLogger w/ reference to NewLogger
-      provide(OldLogger, {useExisting: NewLogger}) ]
+      { provide: OldLogger, useExisting: NewLogger}]
     // #enddocregion providers-6b
 })
 export class ProviderComponent6b {
@@ -197,7 +162,7 @@ let silentLogger = {
   template: template,
   providers:
     // #docregion providers-7
-    [provide(Logger, {useValue: silentLogger})]
+    [{ provide: Logger, useValue: silentLogger }]
     // #enddocregion providers-7
 })
 export class ProviderComponent7 {
@@ -230,11 +195,11 @@ export class ProviderComponent8 {
   /*
    // #docregion providers-9-interface
    // FAIL!  Can't use interface as provider token
-   [provide(AppConfig, {useValue: HERO_DI_CONFIG})]
+   [{ provide: AppConfig, useValue: HERO_DI_CONFIG })]
    // #enddocregion providers-9-interface
    */
   // #docregion providers-9
-  providers: [provide(APP_CONFIG, {useValue: HERO_DI_CONFIG})]
+  providers: [{ provide: APP_CONFIG, useValue: HERO_DI_CONFIG }]
   // #enddocregion providers-9
 })
 export class ProviderComponent9 {
@@ -257,7 +222,7 @@ export class ProviderComponent9 {
 // Sample providers 1 to 7 illustrate a required logger dependency.
 // Optional logger, can be null
 // #docregion import-optional
-import {Optional} from '@angular/core';
+import { Optional } from '@angular/core';
 // #enddocregion import-optional
 
 let some_message: string = 'Hello from the injected logger';
@@ -286,8 +251,6 @@ export class ProviderComponent10 {
   template: `
   <h2>Provider variations</h2>
   <div id="p1"><provider-1></provider-1></div>
-  <div id="p2"><provider-2></provider-2></div>
-  <div id="p3"><provider-3></provider-3></div>
   <div id="p3a"><provider-3a></provider-3a></div>
   <div id="p4"><provider-4></provider-4></div>
   <div id="p5"><provider-5></provider-5></div>
@@ -300,8 +263,6 @@ export class ProviderComponent10 {
   `,
   directives: [
     ProviderComponent1,
-    ProviderComponent2,
-    ProviderComponent3,
     ProviderComponent3a,
     ProviderComponent4,
     ProviderComponent5,

public/docs/_examples/router-deprecated/ts/app/main.2.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import { bootstrap }         from '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic';
 import { ROUTER_PROVIDERS }  from '@angular/router-deprecated';
 
 // Add these symbols to override the `LocationStrategy`
-import { provide }           from '@angular/core';
 import { LocationStrategy,
         HashLocationStrategy } from '@angular/common';
 
@@ -27,7 +26,6 @@ import { AppComponent as ac } from './app.component.2';
 bootstrap(ac, [
 // #docregion
   ROUTER_PROVIDERS,
-  provide(LocationStrategy,
+  { provide: LocationStrategy, useClass: HashLocationStrategy } // .../#/crisis-center/
-         {useClass: HashLocationStrategy}) // .../#/crisis-center/
 ]);
 // #enddocregion

public/docs/_examples/router/ts/app/main.2.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import { bootstrap }            from '@angular/platform-browser-dynamic';
 import { ROUTER_PROVIDERS }     from '@angular/router';
 
 // Add these symbols to override the `LocationStrategy`
-import { provide }              from '@angular/core';
 import { LocationStrategy,
          HashLocationStrategy } from '@angular/common';
 
@@ -27,7 +26,6 @@ import {AppComponent as ac} from './app.component.2';
 bootstrap(ac, [
 // #docregion
   ROUTER_PROVIDERS,
-  provide(LocationStrategy,
+  { provide: LocationStrategy, useClass: HashLocationStrategy } // .../#/crisis-center/
-         {useClass: HashLocationStrategy}) // .../#/crisis-center/
 ]);
 // #enddocregion

public/docs/_examples/server-communication/ts/app/main.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 // #docplaster
 // #docregion final
 // Imports for loading & configuring the in-memory web api
-import { provide }    from '@angular/core';
 import { XHRBackend } from '@angular/http';
 
 import { InMemoryBackendService,
@@ -24,7 +23,7 @@ bootstrap(AppComponent, [ HTTP_PROVIDERS ]);
 // #docregion final
 bootstrap(AppComponent, [
     HTTP_PROVIDERS,
-    provide(XHRBackend, { useClass: InMemoryBackendService }), // in-mem server
+    { provide: XHRBackend, useClass: InMemoryBackendService }, // in-mem server
-    provide(SEED_DATA,  { useClass: HeroData })                // in-mem server data
+    { provide: SEED_DATA,  useClass: HeroData }                // in-mem server data
 ]);
 // #enddocregion final

public/docs/_examples/testing/ts/app/app.component.spec.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
 
 import { By }                     from '@angular/platform-browser';
-import { DebugElement, provide  } from '@angular/core';
+import { DebugElement } from '@angular/core';
 
 import {
   beforeEach, beforeEachProviders,
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ describe('AppComponent', () => {
       .overrideDirective(AppComponent, RouterLink,   MockRouterLink)
       .overrideDirective(AppComponent, RouterOutlet, MockRouterOutlet)
       .overrideProviders(AppComponent, [
-        provide(HeroService, {useClass: MockHeroService}),
+        { provide: HeroService, useClass: MockHeroService},
-        provide(Router,      {useClass: MockRouter}),
+        { provide: Router,      useClass: MockRouter},
       ])
       .createAsync(AppComponent)
       .then(fix => {

public/docs/_examples/testing/ts/app/bad-tests.spec.ts

@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@ import {
 
 import { ComponentFixture, TestComponentBuilder } from '@angular/compiler/testing';
 
-import { provide }        from '@angular/core';
 import { ViewMetadata }   from '@angular/core';
 import { Observable }     from 'rxjs/Rx';
 
@@ -145,7 +144,7 @@ xdescribe('async & inject testing errors', () => {
   }, 10000);
 
   describe('using beforeEachProviders', () => {
-    beforeEachProviders(() => [provide(FancyService, {useValue: new FancyService()})]);
+    beforeEachProviders(() => [{ provide: FancyService, useValue: new FancyService() }]);
 
     beforeEach(
         inject([FancyService], (service: FancyService) => { expect(service.value).toEqual('real value'); }));
@@ -155,7 +154,7 @@ xdescribe('async & inject testing errors', () => {
       it('should fail when the injector has already been used', () => {
         patchJasmineBeforeEach();
         expect(() => {
-          beforeEachProviders(() => [provide(FancyService, {useValue: new FancyService()})]);
+          beforeEachProviders(() => [{ provide: FancyService, useValue: new FancyService() }]);
         })
         .toThrowError('beforeEachProviders was called after the injector had been used ' +
                       'in a beforeEach or it block. This invalidates the test injector');

public/docs/_examples/testing/ts/app/bag.spec.ts

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 // Based on https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/master/modules/angular2/test/testing/testing_public_spec.ts
 /* tslint:disable:no-unused-variable */
 import {
-  BadTemplateUrlComp, ButtonComp,
+  BadTemplateUrl, ButtonComp,
   ChildChildComp, ChildComp, ChildWithChildComp,
-  CompWithCompWithExternalTemplate, ExternalTemplateComp,
+  ExternalTemplateComp,
   FancyService, MockFancyService,
   InputComp,
   MyIfComp, MyIfChildComp, MyIfParentComp,
@@ -18,14 +18,11 @@ import { By }           from '@angular/platform-browser';
 import {
   beforeEach, beforeEachProviders,
   describe, ddescribe, xdescribe,
-  it, iit, xit,
+  expect, it, iit, xit,
   async, inject,
   fakeAsync, tick, withProviders
 } from '@angular/core/testing';
 
-// https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/9017
-import {expect} from './expect-proper';
-
 import { ComponentFixture, TestComponentBuilder } from '@angular/compiler/testing';
 
 import { ViewMetadata }   from '@angular/core';
@@ -118,7 +115,7 @@ describe('using the test injector with the inject helper', () => {
 
   describe('setting up Providers with FancyService', () => {
     beforeEachProviders(() => [
-      {provide: FancyService, useValue: new FancyService()}
+      { provide: FancyService, useValue: new FancyService() }
     ]);
 
     it('should use FancyService',
@@ -185,42 +182,16 @@ describe('using the test injector with the inject helper', () => {
   describe('using `withProviders` for per-test provision', () => {
     it('should inject test-local FancyService for this test',
       // `withProviders`:  set up providers at individual test level
-      withProviders(() => [{provide: FancyService, useValue: {value: 'fake value'}}])
+      withProviders(() => [{ provide: FancyService, useValue: {value: 'fake value' }}])
 
       // now inject and test
         .inject([FancyService], (service: FancyService) => {
           expect(service.value).toEqual('fake value');
         }));
   });
-
-
-  describe('can spy on FancyService', () => {
-
-    let spy: jasmine.Spy;
-    let value: string;
-
-    beforeEachProviders(() => [
-      {provide: FancyService, useValue: new FancyService()}
-    ]);
-
-    beforeEach(inject([FancyService], (service: FancyService) => {
-      spy = spyOn(service, 'getValue').and.callFake(() => 'fake value');
-      value = service.getValue();
-    }));
-
-    it('FancyService.getValue spy should return fake', () => {
-      expect(value).toBe('fake value');
-    });
-
-    it('FancyService.getValue spy should have been called', () => {
-      expect(spy.calls.count()).toBe(1, 'should be called once');
-    });
-  });
 });
 
 describe('test component builder', function() {
-  beforeEachProviders(() => [ FancyService ]);
-
   it('should instantiate a component with valid DOM',
       async(inject([TestComponentBuilder], (tcb: TestComponentBuilder) => {
 
@@ -342,7 +313,7 @@ describe('test component builder', function() {
 
         tcb.overrideProviders(
               TestProvidersComp,
-              [{provide: FancyService, useClass: MockFancyService}]
+              [{ provide: FancyService, useClass: MockFancyService }]
             )
             .createAsync(TestProvidersComp)
             .then(fixture => {
@@ -357,7 +328,7 @@ describe('test component builder', function() {
 
         tcb.overrideViewProviders(
               TestViewProvidersComp,
-              [{provide: FancyService, useClass: MockFancyService}]
+              [{ provide: FancyService, useClass: MockFancyService }]
             )
             .createAsync(TestViewProvidersComp)
             .then(fixture => {
@@ -367,7 +338,7 @@ describe('test component builder', function() {
             });
       })));
 
-  it('should allow an external template',
+  it('should allow an external templateUrl',
       async(inject([TestComponentBuilder], (tcb: TestComponentBuilder) => {
 
         tcb.createAsync(ExternalTemplateComp)
@@ -376,201 +347,130 @@ describe('test component builder', function() {
               expect(fixture.nativeElement)
                   .toHaveText('from external template\n');
             });
-      })), 10000);  // Long timeout because of actual XHR to fetch template.
+      })), 10000);  // Long timeout because this test makes an actual XHR.
 
-  it('should create a component with a component that has an external template',
+    describe('(lifecycle hooks w/ MyIfParentComp)', () => {
-    async(inject([TestComponentBuilder], (tcb: TestComponentBuilder) => {
+      let fixture: ComponentFixture<MyIfParentComp>;
-      tcb.createAsync(CompWithCompWithExternalTemplate)
+      let parent:  MyIfParentComp;
-        .then(fixture => {
+      let child:   MyIfChildComp;
-          fixture.detectChanges();
-          let h3 = fixture.debugElement.query(By.css('h3'));
-          expect(h3).not.toBeNull('should create CompWithExtComp component');
-        })
-        .catch((err) => {
-          // console.error(err);
-          throw (err);
-        });
-    })), 10000); // Long timeout because of actual XHR to fetch template.
 
+      /**
+       * Get the MyIfChildComp from parent; fail w/ good message if cannot.
+       */
+      function getChild() {
 
-  it('should spy on injected component service',
+        let childDe: DebugElement; // DebugElement that should hold the MyIfChildComp
-      async(inject([TestComponentBuilder, FancyService],
-        (tcb: TestComponentBuilder, service: FancyService) => {
 
-        let spy = spyOn(service, 'getValue').and.callThrough();
+        // The Hard Way: requires detailed knowledge of the parent template
+        try {
+          childDe = fixture.debugElement.children[4].children[0];
+        } catch (err) { /* we'll report the error */ }
 
-        tcb
+        // DebugElement.queryAll: if we wanted all of many instances:
-        .createAsync(ExternalTemplateComp)
+        childDe = fixture.debugElement
-          .then(fixture => {
+          .queryAll(function (de) { return de.componentInstance instanceof MyIfChildComp; })[0];
 
-            // let spy = spyOn(service, 'getValue').and.callThrough();
+        // WE'LL USE THIS APPROACH !
+        // DebugElement.query: find first instance (if any)
+        childDe = fixture.debugElement
+          .query(function (de) { return de.componentInstance instanceof MyIfChildComp; });
 
-            fixture.detectChanges();
+        if (childDe && childDe.componentInstance) {
-            expect(spy.calls.count()).toBe(1, 'should be called once');
+          child = childDe.componentInstance;
-          });
+        } else {
-      })), 10000);  // Long timeout because of actual XHR to fetch template.
+          fail('Unable to find MyIfChildComp within MyIfParentComp');
+        }
 
-  describe('(lifecycle hooks w/ MyIfParentComp)', () => {
+        return child;
-    let fixture: ComponentFixture<MyIfParentComp>;
-    let parent:  MyIfParentComp;
-    let child:   MyIfChildComp;
-
-    /**
-     * Get the MyIfChildComp from parent; fail w/ good message if cannot.
-     */
-    function getChild() {
-
-      let childDe: DebugElement; // DebugElement that should hold the MyIfChildComp
-
-      // The Hard Way: requires detailed knowledge of the parent template
-      try {
-        childDe = fixture.debugElement.children[4].children[0];
-      } catch (err) { /* we'll report the error */ }
-
-      // DebugElement.queryAll: if we wanted all of many instances:
-      childDe = fixture.debugElement
-        .queryAll(function (de) { return de.componentInstance instanceof MyIfChildComp; })[0];
-
-      // WE'LL USE THIS APPROACH !
-      // DebugElement.query: find first instance (if any)
-      childDe = fixture.debugElement
-        .query(function (de) { return de.componentInstance instanceof MyIfChildComp; });
-
-      if (childDe && childDe.componentInstance) {
-        child = childDe.componentInstance;
-      } else {
-        fail('Unable to find MyIfChildComp within MyIfParentComp');
       }
 
-      return child;
+      // Create MyIfParentComp TCB and component instance before each test (async beforeEach)
-    }
+      beforeEach(async(inject([TestComponentBuilder], (tcb: TestComponentBuilder) => {
+         tcb.createAsync(MyIfParentComp)
+            .then(fix => {
+              fixture = fix;
+              parent = fixture.debugElement.componentInstance;
+            });
+      })));
 
-    // Create MyIfParentComp TCB and component instance before each test (async beforeEach)
+      it('should instantiate parent component', () => {
-    beforeEach(async(inject([TestComponentBuilder], (tcb: TestComponentBuilder) => {
+        expect(parent).not.toBeNull('parent component should exist');
-        tcb.createAsync(MyIfParentComp)
+      });
-          .then(fix => {
-            fixture = fix;
-            parent = fixture.debugElement.componentInstance;
-          });
-    })));
 
-    it('should instantiate parent component', () => {
+      it('parent component OnInit should NOT be called before first detectChanges()', () => {
-      expect(parent).not.toBeNull('parent component should exist');
+        expect(parent.ngOnInitCalled).toEqual(false);
-    });
+      });
 
-    it('parent component OnInit should NOT be called before first detectChanges()', () => {
+      it('parent component OnInit should be called after first detectChanges()', () => {
-      expect(parent.ngOnInitCalled).toEqual(false);
+        fixture.detectChanges();
-    });
+        expect(parent.ngOnInitCalled).toEqual(true);
+      });
 
-    it('parent component OnInit should be called after first detectChanges()', () => {
+      it('child component should exist after OnInit', () => {
-      fixture.detectChanges();
+        fixture.detectChanges();
-      expect(parent.ngOnInitCalled).toEqual(true);
+        getChild();
-    });
+        expect(child instanceof MyIfChildComp).toEqual(true, 'should create child');
+      });
 
-    it('child component should exist after OnInit', () => {
+      it('should have called child component\'s OnInit ', () => {
-      fixture.detectChanges();
+        fixture.detectChanges();
-      getChild();
+        getChild();
-      expect(child instanceof MyIfChildComp).toEqual(true, 'should create child');
+        expect(child.ngOnInitCalled).toEqual(true);
-    });
+      });
 
-    it('should have called child component\'s OnInit ', () => {
+      it('child component called OnChanges once', () => {
-      fixture.detectChanges();
+        fixture.detectChanges();
-      getChild();
+        getChild();
-      expect(child.ngOnInitCalled).toEqual(true);
+        expect(child.ngOnChangesCounter).toEqual(1);
-    });
+      });
 
-    it('child component called OnChanges once', () => {
+      it('changed parent value flows to child', () => {
-      fixture.detectChanges();
+        fixture.detectChanges();
-      getChild();
+        getChild();
-      expect(child.ngOnChangesCounter).toEqual(1);
-    });
 
-    it('changed parent value flows to child', () => {
+        parent.parentValue = 'foo';
-      fixture.detectChanges();
-      getChild();
-
-      parent.parentValue = 'foo';
-      fixture.detectChanges();
-
-      expect(child.ngOnChangesCounter).toEqual(2,
-        'expected 2 changes: initial value and changed value');
-      expect(child.childValue).toEqual('foo',
-        'childValue should eq changed parent value');
-    });
-
-    it('changed child value flows to parent', async(() => {
-      fixture.detectChanges();
-      getChild();
-
-      child.childValue = 'bar';
-
-      return new Promise(resolve => {
-        // Wait one JS engine turn!
-        setTimeout(() => resolve(), 0);
-      }).then(() => {
         fixture.detectChanges();
 
         expect(child.ngOnChangesCounter).toEqual(2,
           'expected 2 changes: initial value and changed value');
-        expect(parent.parentValue).toEqual('bar',
+        expect(child.childValue).toEqual('foo',
-          'parentValue should eq changed parent value');
+          'childValue should eq changed parent value');
       });
 
-    }));
+      it('changed child value flows to parent', async(() => {
+        fixture.detectChanges();
+        getChild();
 
-    it('clicking "Close Child" triggers child OnDestroy', () => {
+        child.childValue = 'bar';
-      fixture.detectChanges();
-      getChild();
 
-      let btn = fixture.debugElement.query(By.css('button'));
+        return new Promise(resolve => {
-      btn.triggerEventHandler('click', null);
+          // Wait one JS engine turn!
+          setTimeout(() => resolve(), 0);
+        }).then(() => {
+          fixture.detectChanges();
+
+          expect(child.ngOnChangesCounter).toEqual(2,
+            'expected 2 changes: initial value and changed value');
+          expect(parent.parentValue).toEqual('bar',
+            'parentValue should eq changed parent value');
+        });
+
+      }));
+
+      it('clicking "Close Child" triggers child OnDestroy', () => {
+        fixture.detectChanges();
+        getChild();
+
+        let btn = fixture.debugElement.query(By.css('button'));
+        btn.triggerEventHandler('click', null);
+
+        fixture.detectChanges();
+        expect(child.ngOnDestroyCalled).toEqual(true);
+      });
 
-      fixture.detectChanges();
-      expect(child.ngOnDestroyCalled).toEqual(true);
     });
-
-  });
 });
 
-describe('test component builder in beforeEach (comp w/ external template)', function() {
-  let fixture: ComponentFixture<ExternalTemplateComp>;
-
-  beforeEach(async(inject([TestComponentBuilder], (tcb: TestComponentBuilder) => {
-    tcb.createAsync(ExternalTemplateComp).then(fix => fixture = fix);
-  }))
-  );
-  // May need Long timeout because this test makes an actual XHR to get template
-  // , 10000); WHY CAN'T I ADD TIMEOUT OVERRIDE
-
-  it('should allow an external template', () => {
-    fixture.detectChanges();
-    expect(fixture.nativeElement)
-        .toHaveText('from external template\n');
-  });
-
-});
-
-describe('test component builder in beforeEach (comp w/ internal comp w/ external template)', function() {
-  let fixture: ComponentFixture<CompWithCompWithExternalTemplate>;
-
-  beforeEach(async(inject([TestComponentBuilder], (tcb: TestComponentBuilder) => {
-    tcb.createAsync(CompWithCompWithExternalTemplate).then(fix => fixture = fix)
-       .catch((err) => {
-         // console.error(err);
-         throw (err);
-       });
-  }))
-  );
-  // May need Long timeout because this test makes an actual XHR to get template
-  // , 10000); WHY CAN'T I ADD TIMEOUT OVERRIDE
-
-  it('should allow an external template', () => {
-    fixture.detectChanges();
-    let h3 = fixture.debugElement.query(By.css('h3'));
-    expect(h3).not.toBeNull('should create CompWithExtComp component');
-  });
-
-});
 
 //////// Testing Framework Bugs? /////
 import { HeroService }  from './hero.service';
@@ -594,7 +494,7 @@ describe('tcb.overrideProviders', () => {
 
     tcb.overrideProviders(
           AnotherProvidersComp,
-          [{provide: HeroService, useValue: {}}]
+          [{ provide: HeroService, useValue: {}} ]
         )
         .createAsync(AnotherProvidersComp);
     })));

public/docs/_examples/testing/ts/app/dashboard.component.spec.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 import { DashboardComponent } from './dashboard.component';
 
 import { By }       from '@angular/platform-browser';
-import { provide  } from '@angular/core';
 
 import {
   beforeEach, beforeEachProviders,
@@ -74,9 +73,9 @@ describe('DashboardComponent', () => {
     beforeEachProviders(() => {
       mockHeroService = new MockHeroService();
       return [
-        provide(Router,      {useClass: MockRouter}),
+        { provide: Router,      useClass: MockRouter},
-        provide(MockRouter,  {useExisting: Router}),
+        { provide: MockRouter,  useExisting: Router},
-        provide(HeroService, {useValue: mockHeroService})
+        { provide: HeroService, useValue: mockHeroService }
       ];
     });
 

public/docs/_examples/testing/ts/app/hero-detail.component.ts

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
 // #enddocregion import-oninit
 // #docregion import-route-params
-import {RouteParams} from '@angular/router-deprecated';
+import { RouteParams } from '@angular/router-deprecated';
 // #enddocregion import-route-params
 
 import { Hero } from './hero';

public/docs/_examples/testing/ts/app/http-hero.service.spec.ts

@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@ import {
 
 import { TestComponentBuilder } from '@angular/compiler/testing';
 
-import { provide } from '@angular/core';
-
 import {
   MockBackend,
   MockConnection } from '@angular/http/testing';
@@ -46,7 +44,7 @@ describe('Http-HeroService (mockBackend)', () => {
 
   beforeEachProviders(() => [
     HTTP_PROVIDERS,
-    provide(XHRBackend, {useClass: MockBackend})
+    { provide: XHRBackend, useClass: MockBackend }
   ]);
 
   it('can instantiate service when inject service',

public/docs/_examples/testing/ts/app/my-uppercase.pipe.1.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // #docregion
-import {Pipe, PipeTransform} from '@angular/core';
+import { Pipe, PipeTransform } from '@angular/core';
 
 @Pipe({ name: 'my-uppercase' })
 export class MyUppercasePipe implements PipeTransform {

public/docs/_examples/testing/ts/app/my-uppercase.pipe.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 // #docregion
 // #docregion depends-on-angular
-import {Pipe, PipeTransform} from '@angular/core';
+import { Pipe, PipeTransform } from '@angular/core';
 // #enddocregion depends-on-angular
 
 @Pipe({ name: 'my-uppercase' })

public/docs/_examples/toh-6/ts/app/main.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 // #docplaster
 // #docregion final
 // Imports for loading & configuring the in-memory web api
-import { provide }    from '@angular/core';
 import { XHRBackend } from '@angular/http';
 
 import { InMemoryBackendService, SEED_DATA } from 'angular2-in-memory-web-api';
@@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ bootstrap(AppComponent, [ HTTP_PROVIDERS ]);
 // #docregion final
 bootstrap(AppComponent, [
     HTTP_PROVIDERS,
-    provide(XHRBackend, { useClass: InMemoryBackendService }), // in-mem server
+    { provide: XHRBackend, useClass: InMemoryBackendService }, // in-mem server
-    provide(SEED_DATA,  { useClass: InMemoryDataService })     // in-mem server data
+    { provide: SEED_DATA, useClass: InMemoryDataService }      // in-mem server data
 ]);
 // #enddocregion final

public/docs/_examples/upgrade-phonecat-2-hybrid/ts/app/core/phone/phone.service.spec.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 // #docregion
-import { provide } from '@angular/core';
 import {
   describe,
   beforeEach,
@@ -29,11 +28,11 @@ describe('Phone', function() {
     Phone,
     MockBackend,
     BaseRequestOptions,
-    provide(Http, {
+    { provide: Http,
       useFactory: (backend: MockBackend, options: BaseRequestOptions) =>
                     new Http(backend, options),
       deps: [MockBackend, BaseRequestOptions]
-    })
+    }
   ]);
 
   beforeEach(inject([MockBackend, Phone],

public/docs/_examples/upgrade-phonecat-2-hybrid/ts/app/phone-detail/phone-detail.component.spec.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 // #docregion
-import { provide } from '@angular/core';
 import { HTTP_PROVIDERS } from '@angular/http';
 import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Rx';
 
@@ -35,8 +34,8 @@ class MockPhone extends Phone {
 describe('PhoneDetailComponent', () => {
 
   beforeEachProviders(() => [
-    provide(Phone, {useClass: MockPhone}),
+    { provide: Phone, useClass: MockPhone },
-    provide('$routeParams', {useValue: {phoneId: 'xyz'}}),
+    { provide: '$routeParams', useValue: {phoneId: 'xyz'}},
     HTTP_PROVIDERS
   ]);
 

public/docs/_examples/upgrade-phonecat-2-hybrid/ts/app/phone-list/phone-list.component.spec.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 // #docregion
-import { provide } from '@angular/core';
 import { HTTP_PROVIDERS } from '@angular/http';
 import { Observable } from 'rxjs/Rx';
 import {
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ class MockPhone extends Phone {
 describe('PhoneList', () => {
 
   beforeEachProviders(() => [
-    provide(Phone, {useClass: MockPhone}),
+    { provide: Phone, useClass: MockPhone },
     HTTP_PROVIDERS
   ]);
 

public/docs/_examples/upgrade-phonecat-3-final/ts/app/core/phone/phone.service.spec.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import { provide } from '@angular/core';
 import {
   describe,
   beforeEach,
@@ -28,10 +27,10 @@ describe('Phone', function() {
     Phone,
     MockBackend,
     BaseRequestOptions,
-    provide(Http, {
+    { provide: Http,
       useFactory: (backend: MockBackend, options: BaseRequestOptions) => new Http(backend, options),
       deps: [MockBackend, BaseRequestOptions]
-    })
+    }
   ]);
 
   beforeEach(inject([MockBackend, Phone], (_mockBackend_:MockBackend, _phone_:Phone) => {

public/docs/_examples/upgrade-phonecat-3-final/ts/app/main.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 // #docregion
 // #docregion imports
-import { provide } from '@angular/core';
 import {
   LocationStrategy,
   HashLocationStrategy,
@@ -17,8 +16,8 @@ import { AppComponent } from './app.component';
 bootstrap(AppComponent, [
   HTTP_PROVIDERS,
   ROUTER_PROVIDERS,
-  provide(APP_BASE_HREF, {useValue: '!'}),
+  { provide: APP_BASE_HREF, useValue: '!' },
-  provide(LocationStrategy, {useClass: HashLocationStrategy}),
+  { provide: LocationStrategy, useClass: HashLocationStrategy },
   Phone
 ]);
 // #enddocregion bootstrap

public/docs/_examples/upgrade-phonecat-3-final/ts/app/phone-detail/phone-detail.component.spec.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 // #docregion
-import { provide } from '@angular/core';
 import { HTTP_PROVIDERS } from '@angular/http';
 // #docregion routeparams
 import { RouteParams } from '@angular/router-deprecated';
@@ -41,8 +40,8 @@ describe('PhoneDetailComponent', () => {
   // #docregion routeparams
 
   beforeEachProviders(() => [
-    provide(Phone, {useClass: MockPhone}),
+    { provide: Phone, useClass: MockPhone },
-    provide(RouteParams, {useValue: new RouteParams({phoneId: 'xyz'})}),
+    { provide: RouteParams, useValue: new RouteParams({phoneId: 'xyz'})},
     HTTP_PROVIDERS
   ]);
   // #enddocregion routeparams

public/docs/_examples/upgrade-phonecat-3-final/ts/app/phone-list/phone-list.component.spec.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // #docregion routestuff
-import { provide, ApplicationRef } from '@angular/core';
+import { ApplicationRef } from '@angular/core';
 import { LocationStrategy, HashLocationStrategy } from '@angular/common';
 import { HTTP_PROVIDERS } from '@angular/http';
 import {
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ describe('PhoneList', () => {
   // #docregion routestuff
 
   beforeEachProviders(() => [
-    provide(Phone, {useClass: MockPhone}),
+    { provide: Phone, useClass: MockPhone},
     HTTP_PROVIDERS,
     ROUTER_PROVIDERS,
-    provide(ApplicationRef, {useClass: MockApplicationRef}),
+    { provide: ApplicationRef, useClass: MockApplicationRef },
-    provide(ROUTER_PRIMARY_COMPONENT, {useValue: AppComponent}),
+    { provide: ROUTER_PRIMARY_COMPONENT, useValue: AppComponent },
-    provide(LocationStrategy, {useClass: MockLocationStrategy}),
+    { provide: LocationStrategy, useClass: MockLocationStrategy},
   ]);
   // #enddocregion routestuff
 

public/docs/dart/latest/guide/dependency-injection.jade

@@ -46,9 +46,6 @@ block real-logger
 block optional-logger
   //- TBC.
 
-block provider-function-etc
-  //- N/A
-
 block provider-ctor-args
   - var _secondParam = 'named parameter, such as <code>useClass</code>' 
   :marked
@@ -62,10 +59,8 @@ block dart-diff-const-metadata
       For that reason, we can't call functions to get values
       to use within an annotation.
       Instead, we use constant literals or constant constructors.
-      For example, a TypeScript program might use the
+      For example, a TypeScript program will use the
-      function call `provide(Logger, {useClass: BetterLogger})`,
+      object literal `{ provide: Logger, useClass: BetterLogger }`.
-      which is equivalent to the TypeScript code
-      `new Provider(Logger, {useClass: BetterLogger})`.
       A Dart annotation would instead use the constant value `const Provider(Logger, useClass: BetterLogger)`.
 
 block dart-diff-const-metadata-ctor

public/docs/ts/latest/cookbook/dependency-injection.jade

@@ -23,14 +23,12 @@ include ../_util-fns
   [Inject the component's DOM element](#component-element)
 
   [Define dependencies with providers](#providers)
-  * [The *provide* function](#provide)
+  * [The *provide* object literal](#provide)
   * [useValue - the *value provider*](#usevalue)
   * [useClass - the *class provider*](#useclass)
   * [useExisting - the *alias provider*](#useexisting)
   * [useFactory - the *factory provider*](#usefactory)
 
-  [Define providers with object literals](#object-literals)
-
   [Provider token alternatives](#tokens)
   * [class-interface](#class-interface)
   * [OpaqueToken](#opaque-token)
@@ -406,12 +404,9 @@ figure.image-display
 .l-main-section
 a(id='provide')
 :marked
-  #### The *provide* function
+  #### The *provide* object literal
   
-  The imported Angular `provide` function creates an instance of 
+  The `provide` object literal takes a *token* and a *definition object*.
-  the Angular [Provider](../api/core/Provider-class.html) class.
-  
-  The `provide` function takes a *token* and a *definition object*.
   The *token* is usually a class but [it doesn't have to be](#tokens).
   
   The *definition* object has one main property, (e.g. `useValue`) that indicates how the provider 
@@ -543,21 +538,6 @@ a(id='usefactory')
     Look at the [live example](/resources/live-examples/cb-dependency-injection/ts/plnkr.html)
     for the full source code.
 
-<a id="object-literals"></a>
-.l-main-section
-:marked
-  ## Define providers with object literals
-
-:marked
-  In the previous section we learned to use the `provide` method to customize how dependencies are created. 
-  
-  Instead of calling the `provide` function, we can configure providers with _object literals_. 
-  It's a slightly more concise syntax and we don't have to import the `provide` function.
-  
-  Here's a set of providers that we saw earlier, re-written with object literals.
-
-+makeExample('cb-dependency-injection/ts/app/hero-of-the-month-literals.component.ts','providers-using-object-literals')(format='.')  
-
 a(id="tokens")
 .l-main-section
 :marked
@@ -771,7 +751,7 @@ a(id='alex')
   Recall that Angular always adds a component instance to its own injector; 
   that's why we could inject *Alex* into *Carol* [earlier](#known-parent).
 
-  We write an [*alias provider*](#useexisting) &mdash; a `provide` function with a `useExisting` definition &mdash;
+  We write an [*alias provider*](#useexisting) &mdash; a `provide` object literal with a `useExisting` definition &mdash;
   that creates an *alternative* way to inject the same component instance
   and add that provider to the `providers` array of the `@Component` metadata for the `AlexComponent`:
 a(id="alex-providers")

public/docs/ts/latest/guide/dependency-injection.jade

@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ code-example(format="nocode").
   What matters is that the injector has a provider to go to when it needs a `Logger`.
 
 //- Dart limitation: the provide function isn't const so it cannot be used in an annotation.
-- var __andProvideFn = _docsFor == 'dart' ? '' : 'and <i>provide</i> function';
+- var __andProvideFn = _docsFor == 'dart' ? '' : 'and <i>provide</i> object literal';
 #provide
 :marked
   ### The *Provider* class !{__andProvideFn}
@@ -519,31 +519,12 @@ code-example(format="nocode").
 +makeExample('dependency-injection/ts/app/providers.component.ts','providers-1')
 
 :marked
-  This is actually a short-hand expression for a provider registration that creates a new instance of the
+  This is actually a short-hand expression for a provider registration using the _provider_ object literal.
-  [Provider](../api/core/Provider-class.html) class.
 
-+makeExample('dependency-injection/ts/app/providers.component.ts','providers-2')
++makeExample('dependency-injection/ts/app/providers.component.ts','providers-3a')
-
-block provider-function-etc
-  :marked
-    The [provide](../api/core/provide-function.html) function is the typical way 
-    to create a `Provider`:
-
-  +makeExample('dependency-injection/ts/app/providers.component.ts','providers-3')
-
-  :marked
-   Or we can declare a provider in an _object literal_ and skip the `provide` function.
-
-  +makeExample('dependency-injection/ts/app/providers.component.ts','providers-3a')  
-
-  :marked
-    Pick the syntax that you prefer. They all do the same thing.
 
 block provider-ctor-args
   - var _secondParam = 'provider definition object';
-  :marked
-    In each syntax, we supply two types of values.
-
 //- var _secondParam = _docsFor == 'dart' ? 'named parameter, such as <code>useClass</code>' : 'provider definition object';
 :marked
   The first is the [token](#token) that serves as the key for both locating a dependency value

public/docs/ts/latest/guide/router-deprecated.jade

@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ figure.image-display
   Providing the router providers at the root makes the Component Router available everywhere in our application.
 .l-sub-section
   :marked
-    Learn about providers, the `provide` function, and injected services in the
+    Learn about providers, the `provide` object literal, and injected services in the
     [Dependency Injection chapter](dependency-injection.html).
 :marked
   ### The *AppComponent* shell
@@ -1472,8 +1472,7 @@ code-example(format=".", language="bash").
   We can go old-school with the `HashLocationStrategy` by
   providing it as the router's `LocationStrategy` during application bootstrapping.
 
-  First, import the `provide` symbol for Dependency Injection and the
+  Import the `LocationStrategy` and `HashLocationStrategy` symbols from `@angular/common`.
-  `Location` and `HashLocationStrategy` symbols from the router.
   
   Then *override* the default strategy defined in `ROUTE_PROVIDERS` by
   providing the `HashLocationStrategy` later in the `bootstrap` providers array argument: