George Kalpakas 43bbc409a2 ci: pin docker images by ID for hermeticity (#32602)
Previously, the docker images used on CI where specified by a tag
(`10.16` and `10.16-browsers`). Since tags are not immutable, this only
pins specific characteristics of the environment (e.g. the OS type and
the Node.js version), but not others. Especially when using a tag that
does not specify the patch version (e.g. `10.16` instead of `10.16.0`),
it is inevitable that the image will change at some point, potentially
leading to unrelated failures due to changes in the environment.

One source of such failures can be the Chrome version used in tests.
Since we install a specific ChromeDriver version (that is only
compatible with specific Chrome version ranges), unexpectedly updating
to a newer Chrome version may break the tests if the new version falls
outside the range of supported version for our pinned ChromeDriver.

Using a tag that specifies the patch version (e.g. `10.16.0`) or even
the OS version (e.g. `10.16.0-buster`) is safer (i.e. has a lower
probability of introducing the kind of breakages described above), but
is still not fully hermetic.

This commit prevents such breakages by pinning the docker images by ID.
Image IDs are based on the image's digest (SHA256) and are thus
immutable, ensuring that all CI jobs will be running on the exact same
image.

See [here][1] for more info on pre-built CircleCI docker images and more
specifically [pinning images by ID][2].

[1]: https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/circleci-images
[2]: https://circleci.com/docs/2.0/circleci-images#using-a-docker-image-id-to-pin-an-image-to-a-fixed-version

PR Close #32602
2019-09-11 12:34:14 -04:00
2019-01-11 11:15:59 -08:00

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