diff --git a/hapi-fhir-docs/src/main/resources/ca/uhn/hapi/fhir/changelog/5_5_0/2761-compartment-match-id-list.yaml b/hapi-fhir-docs/src/main/resources/ca/uhn/hapi/fhir/changelog/5_5_0/2761-compartment-match-id-list.yaml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..590137f488a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/hapi-fhir-docs/src/main/resources/ca/uhn/hapi/fhir/changelog/5_5_0/2761-compartment-match-id-list.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+---
+type: fix
+issue: 2761
+title: "When searching for ExplanationOfBenefit?patient=123,456, the compartment authorization interceptor was treating
+'123,456' as a single id rather than as a list of ids.  This has been corrected."
diff --git a/hapi-fhir-jpaserver-base/src/test/java/ca/uhn/fhir/jpa/provider/r4/AuthorizationInterceptorJpaR4Test.java b/hapi-fhir-jpaserver-base/src/test/java/ca/uhn/fhir/jpa/provider/r4/AuthorizationInterceptorJpaR4Test.java
index a8982b3a7c7..c67b198eaeb 100644
--- a/hapi-fhir-jpaserver-base/src/test/java/ca/uhn/fhir/jpa/provider/r4/AuthorizationInterceptorJpaR4Test.java
+++ b/hapi-fhir-jpaserver-base/src/test/java/ca/uhn/fhir/jpa/provider/r4/AuthorizationInterceptorJpaR4Test.java
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.CodeableConcept;
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Coding;
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Condition;
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Encounter;
+import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.ExplanationOfBenefit;
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.IdType;
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Identifier;
 import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Observation;
@@ -1473,12 +1474,12 @@ public class AuthorizationInterceptorJpaR4Test extends BaseResourceProviderR4Tes
 				return new RuleBuilder()
 					.allow()
 					.read()
-					.resourcesOfType(Patient.class)
+					.allResources()
 					.inCompartment("Patient", p1id)
 					.andThen()
 					.allow()
 					.read()
-					.resourcesOfType(Patient.class)
+					.allResources()
 					.inCompartment("Patient", p2id)
 					.andThen()
 					.denyAll()
@@ -1503,6 +1504,80 @@ public class AuthorizationInterceptorJpaR4Test extends BaseResourceProviderR4Tes
 		}
 	}
 
+
+	@Test
+	public void testReadCompartmentTwoPatientIdsTwoEOBs() {
+		Patient patient1 = new Patient();
+		patient1.setActive(true);
+		IIdType p1id = myPatientDao.create(patient1).getId().toUnqualifiedVersionless();
+
+		ExplanationOfBenefit eob1 = new ExplanationOfBenefit();
+		eob1.setPatient(new Reference(p1id));
+		myExplanationOfBenefitDao.create(eob1);
+
+		Patient patient2 = new Patient();
+		patient2.setActive(true);
+		IIdType p2id = myPatientDao.create(patient2).getId().toUnqualifiedVersionless();
+
+		ExplanationOfBenefit eob2 = new ExplanationOfBenefit();
+		eob2.setPatient(new Reference(p2id));
+		myExplanationOfBenefitDao.create(eob2);
+
+		Patient patient3 = new Patient();
+		patient3.setActive(true);
+		IIdType p3id = myPatientDao.create(patient3).getId().toUnqualifiedVersionless();
+
+		ExplanationOfBenefit eob3 = new ExplanationOfBenefit();
+		eob3.setPatient(new Reference(p3id));
+		myExplanationOfBenefitDao.create(eob3);
+
+		ourRestServer.registerInterceptor(new AuthorizationInterceptor(PolicyEnum.DENY) {
+			@Override
+			public List<IAuthRule> buildRuleList(RequestDetails theRequestDetails) {
+				return new RuleBuilder()
+					.allow()
+					.read()
+					.allResources()
+					.inCompartment("Patient", p1id)
+					.andThen()
+					.allow()
+					.read()
+					.allResources()
+					.inCompartment("Patient", p2id)
+					.andThen()
+					.denyAll()
+					.build();
+			}
+		});
+
+		{
+			String url = "/ExplanationOfBenefit?patient=" + p1id.getIdPart();
+			Bundle result = myClient.search().byUrl(url).returnBundle(Bundle.class).execute();
+			assertEquals(1, result.getTotal());
+		}
+		{
+			String url = "/ExplanationOfBenefit?patient=" + p2id.getIdPart();
+			Bundle result = myClient.search().byUrl(url).returnBundle(Bundle.class).execute();
+			assertEquals(1, result.getTotal());
+		}
+		{
+			String url = "/ExplanationOfBenefit?patient=" + p1id.getIdPart() + "," + p2id.getIdPart();
+			Bundle result = myClient.search().byUrl(url).returnBundle(Bundle.class).execute();
+			assertEquals(2, result.getTotal());
+		}
+		{
+			String url = "/ExplanationOfBenefit?patient=" + p1id.getIdPart() + "," + p3id.getIdPart();
+			try {
+				Bundle result = myClient.search().byUrl(url).returnBundle(Bundle.class).execute();
+				fail();
+			} catch (ForbiddenOperationException e) {
+				assertThat(e.getMessage(), startsWith("HTTP 403 Forbidden: Access denied by rule"));
+			}
+		}
+
+	}
+
+
 	@Test
 	public void testDeleteExpungeBlocked() {
 		// Create Patient, and Observation that refers to it
diff --git a/hapi-fhir-server/src/main/java/ca/uhn/fhir/rest/server/interceptor/auth/RuleImplOp.java b/hapi-fhir-server/src/main/java/ca/uhn/fhir/rest/server/interceptor/auth/RuleImplOp.java
index 07cb7b6f0a5..44c98e047f4 100644
--- a/hapi-fhir-server/src/main/java/ca/uhn/fhir/rest/server/interceptor/auth/RuleImplOp.java
+++ b/hapi-fhir-server/src/main/java/ca/uhn/fhir/rest/server/interceptor/auth/RuleImplOp.java
@@ -524,7 +524,6 @@ class RuleImplOp extends BaseRule /* implements IAuthRule */ {
 								} else if (getMode() == PolicyEnum.ALLOW) {
 									return newVerdict(theOperation, theRequestDetails, theInputResource, theInputResourceId, theOutputResource);
 								}
-								break;
 							}
 						}
 					}
@@ -546,13 +545,16 @@ class RuleImplOp extends BaseRule /* implements IAuthRule */ {
 			String[] values = theSearchParams.get(theSearchParamName);
 			if (values != null) {
 				for (String nextParameterValue : values) {
-					if (nextParameterValue.equals(theCompartmentOwner.getValue())) {
-						verdict = newVerdict(theOperation, theRequestDetails, theInputResource, theInputResourceId, theOutputResource);
-						break;
-					}
-					if (nextParameterValue.equals(theCompartmentOwner.getIdPart())) {
-						verdict = newVerdict(theOperation, theRequestDetails, theInputResource, theInputResourceId, theOutputResource);
-						break;
+					QualifiedParamList orParamList = QualifiedParamList.splitQueryStringByCommasIgnoreEscape(null, nextParameterValue);
+					for (String next : orParamList) {
+						if (next.equals(theCompartmentOwner.getValue())) {
+							verdict = newVerdict(theOperation, theRequestDetails, theInputResource, theInputResourceId, theOutputResource);
+							break;
+						}
+						if (next.equals(theCompartmentOwner.getIdPart())) {
+							verdict = newVerdict(theOperation, theRequestDetails, theInputResource, theInputResourceId, theOutputResource);
+							break;
+						}
 					}
 				}
 			}