diff --git a/org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/validation/BaseValidator.java b/org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/validation/BaseValidator.java
index 68eb86af0..3c81d0ec3 100644
--- a/org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/validation/BaseValidator.java
+++ b/org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/validation/BaseValidator.java
@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ public class BaseValidator {
    *          Set this parameter to <code>false</code> if the validation does not pass
    * @return Returns <code>thePass</code> (in other words, returns <code>true</code> if the rule did not fail validation)
    */
+  //todo: remove after i18n implementation done
   protected boolean fail(List<ValidationMessage> errors, IssueType type, int line, int col, String path, boolean thePass, String msg) {
     if (!thePass) {
 		 addValidationMessage(errors, type, line, col, path, msg, IssueSeverity.FATAL);
@@ -77,6 +78,14 @@ public class BaseValidator {
     return thePass;
   }
 
+  protected boolean fail(List<ValidationMessage> errors, IssueType type, int line, int col, String path, boolean thePass, String theMessage, Object... theMessageArguments) {
+    if (!thePass) {
+      String msg = formatMessage(theMessage, theMessageArguments);
+      addValidationMessage(errors, type, line, col, path, msg, IssueSeverity.FATAL);
+    }
+    return thePass;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Test a rule and add a {@link IssueSeverity#FATAL} validation message if the validation fails
    * 
diff --git a/org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/validation/instance/InstanceValidator.java b/org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/validation/instance/InstanceValidator.java
index 44849ccee..a516c401c 100644
--- a/org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/validation/instance/InstanceValidator.java
+++ b/org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/validation/instance/InstanceValidator.java
@@ -3798,7 +3798,7 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
     if (qItem.getType() == null) {
       fail(errors, IssueType.REQUIRED, element.line(), element.col(), stack.getLiteralPath(), false,messages.getString("Definition_for_item__does_not_contain_a_type"), qItem.getLinkId());
     } else if (qItem.getType() == QuestionnaireItemType.DISPLAY) {
-      List<Element> items = new ArrayList<Element>();
+      List<Element> items = new ArrayList<>();
       element.getNamedChildren("item", items);
       rule(errors, IssueType.STRUCTURE, element.line(), element.col(), stack.getLiteralPath(), items.isEmpty(),messages.getString("Items_not_of_type_DISPLAY_should_not_have_items__linkId_0"), qItem.getLinkId());
     } else {