Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/hapifhir/org.hl7.fhir.core into main_convertor_files

org.hl7.fhir.convertors/pom.xml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     <parent>
         <groupId>ca.uhn.hapi.fhir</groupId>
         <artifactId>org.hl7.fhir.core</artifactId>
-        <version>4.1.54-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <version>4.1.63-SNAPSHOT</version>
         <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
     </parent>
 

org.hl7.fhir.convertors/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/convertors/VersionConvertor_30_50.java

@@ -152,6 +152,30 @@ public class VersionConvertor_30_50 {
         return tgt;
     }
 
+    public static org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.CodeType convertStringToCode(org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.StringType src) throws FHIRException {
+      org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.CodeType tgt = new org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.CodeType(src.getValue());
+      copyElement(src, tgt);
+      return tgt;
+    }
+
+    public static org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.StringType convertCodeToString(org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.CodeType src) throws FHIRException {
+      org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.StringType tgt = new org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.StringType(src.getValue());
+      copyElement(src, tgt);
+      return tgt;
+    }
+
+    public static org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.CodeType convertStringToCode(org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.StringType src) throws FHIRException {
+      org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.CodeType tgt = new org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.CodeType(src.getValue());
+      copyElement(src, tgt);
+      return tgt;
+    }
+
+    public static org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.StringType convertCodeToString(org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.CodeType src) throws FHIRException {
+      org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.StringType tgt = new org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.StringType(src.getValue());
+      copyElement(src, tgt);
+      return tgt;
+    }
+
     public static org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.DateType convertDate(org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.DateType src) throws FHIRException {
       org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.DateType tgt = new org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.DateType(src.getValueAsString());
         copyElement(src, tgt);
@@ -290,6 +314,18 @@ public class VersionConvertor_30_50 {
         return tgt;
     }
 
+    public static org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.MarkdownType convertStringToMarkdown(org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.StringType src) throws FHIRException {
+      org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.MarkdownType tgt = new org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.MarkdownType(src.getValue());
+      copyElement(src, tgt);
+      return tgt;
+  }
+
+  public static org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.StringType convertMarkdownToString(org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.MarkdownType src) throws FHIRException {
+      org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.StringType tgt = new org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.StringType(src.getValue());
+      copyElement(src, tgt);
+      return tgt;
+  }
+
     public static org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.TimeType convertTime(org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.TimeType src) throws FHIRException {
         org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.TimeType tgt = new org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.TimeType(src.getValue());
         copyElement(src, tgt);
@@ -326,6 +362,18 @@ public class VersionConvertor_30_50 {
         return tgt;
     }
 
+    public static org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.UriType convertCodeToUri(org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.CodeType src) throws FHIRException {
+      org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.UriType tgt = new org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.UriType(src.getValue());
+      copyElement(src, tgt);
+      return tgt;
+  }
+
+  public static org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.CodeType convertUriToCode(org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.UriType src) throws FHIRException {
+      org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.CodeType tgt = new org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.CodeType(src.getValue());
+      copyElement(src, tgt);
+      return tgt;
+  }
+
     public static org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.UuidType convertUuid(org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.UuidType src) throws FHIRException {
         org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.UuidType tgt = new org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.UuidType(src.getValue());
         copyElement(src, tgt);

org.hl7.fhir.convertors/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/convertors/conv30_50/OperationDefinition30_50.java

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ public class OperationDefinition30_50 {
         if (src.hasCodeElement())
             tgt.setCodeElement((org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.CodeType) VersionConvertor_30_50.convertType(src.getCodeElement()));
         if (src.hasCommentElement())
-            tgt.setCommentElement((org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.MarkdownType) VersionConvertor_30_50.convertType(src.getCommentElement()));
+            tgt.setCommentElement(VersionConvertor_30_50.convertStringToMarkdown(src.getCommentElement()));
         if (src.hasBase())
             tgt.setBaseElement(VersionConvertor_30_50.convertReferenceToCanonical(src.getBase()));
         if (src.hasResource()) {
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ public class OperationDefinition30_50 {
         if (src.hasCodeElement())
             tgt.setCodeElement((org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.CodeType) VersionConvertor_30_50.convertType(src.getCodeElement()));
         if (src.hasCommentElement())
-            tgt.setCommentElement((org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.StringType) VersionConvertor_30_50.convertType(src.getCommentElement()));
+            tgt.setCommentElement(VersionConvertor_30_50.convertMarkdownToString(src.getCommentElement()));
         if (src.hasBase())
             tgt.setBase(VersionConvertor_30_50.convertCanonicalToReference(src.getBaseElement()));
         if (src.hasResource()) {

org.hl7.fhir.convertors/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/convertors/conv30_50/StructureDefinition30_50.java

@@ -175,8 +175,9 @@ public class StructureDefinition30_50 {
         if (src.hasAbstractElement())
             tgt.setAbstractElement((org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.BooleanType) VersionConvertor_30_50.convertType(src.getAbstractElement()));
         for (org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.StructureDefinition.StructureDefinitionContextComponent t : src.getContext()) {
-            if (!tgt.hasContextType())
+            if (!tgt.hasContextType()) {
-                tgt.setTypeElement((org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.CodeType) VersionConvertor_30_50.convertType(src.getTypeElement()));
+               tgt.setTypeElement((org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.CodeType) VersionConvertor_30_50.convertUriToCode(src.getTypeElement()));
+            }
             tgt.addContext("Element".equals(t.getExpression()) ? "*" : t.getExpression());
         }
         if (src.hasContextInvariant()) {

org.hl7.fhir.convertors/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/convertors/conv30_50/ValueSet30_50.java

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ public class ValueSet30_50 {
         if (src.hasOp())
             tgt.setOp(convertFilterOperator2(src.getOp()));
         if (src.hasValueElement())
-            tgt.setValueElement((org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.CodeType) VersionConvertor_30_50.convertType(src.getValueElement()));
+            tgt.setValueElement((org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.CodeType) VersionConvertor_30_50.convertStringToCode(src.getValueElement()));
         return tgt;
     }
 
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ public class ValueSet30_50 {
         if (src.hasOp())
             tgt.setOp(VersionConvertor_30_50.convertFilterOperator(src.getOp()));
         if (src.hasValueElement())
-            tgt.setValueElement((org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.StringType) VersionConvertor_30_50.convertType(src.getValueElement()));
+            tgt.setValueElement((org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.StringType) VersionConvertor_30_50.convertCodeToString(src.getValueElement()));
         return tgt;
     }
 

org.hl7.fhir.core.generator/configuration/Meta.java

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
    * <code>null</code> if none 
    */
   public Coding getSecurity(String theSystem, String theCode) { 
-    for (Coding next : getTag()) {
+    for (Coding next : getSecurity()) {
       if (ca.uhn.fhir.util.ObjectUtil.equals(next.getSystem(), theSystem) && ca.uhn.fhir.util.ObjectUtil.equals(next.getCode(), theCode)) { 
         return next; 
       } 

org.hl7.fhir.dstu2/pom.xml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 	<parent>
 		<groupId>ca.uhn.hapi.fhir</groupId>
 		<artifactId>org.hl7.fhir.core</artifactId>
-		<version>4.1.54-SNAPSHOT</version>
+		<version>4.1.63-SNAPSHOT</version>
 		<relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
 	</parent>
 

org.hl7.fhir.dstu2/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/dstu2/model/Meta.java

@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ public class Meta extends Type implements IBaseMetaType {
    * <code>null</code> if none
    */
   public Coding getSecurity(String theSystem, String theCode) {
-    for (Coding next : getTag()) {
+    for (Coding next : getSecurity()) {
       if (ca.uhn.fhir.util.ObjectUtil.equals(next.getSystem(), theSystem) && ca.uhn.fhir.util.ObjectUtil.equals(next.getCode(), theCode)) {
         return next;
       }

org.hl7.fhir.dstu2/src/test/java/org/hl7/fhir/dstu2/test/MetaTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package org.hl7.fhir.dstu2.test;
+
+import org.hl7.fhir.dstu2.model.Coding;
+import org.hl7.fhir.dstu2.model.Meta;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+
+public class MetaTest {
+  public static String TEST_SYSTEM = "TEST_SYSTEM";
+  public static String TEST_CODE = "TEST_CODE";
+
+  @Test
+  public void testMetaSecurity() {
+    Meta meta = new Meta();
+    Coding coding = meta.addSecurity().setSystem(TEST_SYSTEM).setCode(TEST_CODE);
+    assertTrue(meta.hasSecurity());
+    assertNotNull(meta.getSecurity());
+    assertNotNull(meta.getSecurity(TEST_SYSTEM, TEST_CODE));
+    assertEquals(1, meta.getSecurity().size());
+    assertEquals(meta.getSecurity().get(0), meta.getSecurity(TEST_SYSTEM, TEST_CODE));
+    assertEquals(coding, meta.getSecurity(TEST_SYSTEM, TEST_CODE));
+  }
+}

org.hl7.fhir.dstu2016may/pom.xml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 	<parent>
 		<groupId>ca.uhn.hapi.fhir</groupId>
 		<artifactId>org.hl7.fhir.core</artifactId>
-		<version>4.1.54-SNAPSHOT</version>
+		<version>4.1.63-SNAPSHOT</version>
 		<relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
 	</parent>
 

org.hl7.fhir.dstu3/pom.xml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     <parent>
         <groupId>ca.uhn.hapi.fhir</groupId>
         <artifactId>org.hl7.fhir.core</artifactId>
-        <version>4.1.54-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <version>4.1.63-SNAPSHOT</version>
         <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
     </parent>
 

org.hl7.fhir.dstu3/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/dstu3/model/Meta.java

@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ public class Meta extends Type implements IBaseMetaType {
    * <code>null</code> if none
    */
   public Coding getSecurity(String theSystem, String theCode) {
-    for (Coding next : getTag()) {
+    for (Coding next : getSecurity()) {
       if (ca.uhn.fhir.util.ObjectUtil.equals(next.getSystem(), theSystem) && ca.uhn.fhir.util.ObjectUtil.equals(next.getCode(), theCode)) {
         return next;
       }

org.hl7.fhir.dstu3/src/test/java/org/hl7/fhir/dstu3/test/MetaTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.test;
+
+import org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.Coding;
+import org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.Meta;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+
+public class MetaTest {
+  public static String TEST_SYSTEM = "TEST_SYSTEM";
+  public static String TEST_CODE = "TEST_CODE";
+
+  @Test
+  public void testMetaSecurity() {
+    Meta meta = new Meta();
+    Coding coding = meta.addSecurity().setSystem(TEST_SYSTEM).setCode(TEST_CODE);
+    assertTrue(meta.hasSecurity());
+    assertNotNull(meta.getSecurity());
+    assertNotNull(meta.getSecurity(TEST_SYSTEM, TEST_CODE));
+    assertEquals(1, meta.getSecurity().size());
+    assertEquals(meta.getSecurity().get(0), meta.getSecurity(TEST_SYSTEM, TEST_CODE));
+    assertEquals(meta.getSecurityFirstRep(), meta.getSecurity(TEST_SYSTEM, TEST_CODE));
+    assertEquals(coding, meta.getSecurity(TEST_SYSTEM, TEST_CODE));
+  }
+}
+

org.hl7.fhir.r4/pom.xml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 	<parent>
 		<groupId>ca.uhn.hapi.fhir</groupId>
 		<artifactId>org.hl7.fhir.core</artifactId>
-		<version>4.1.54-SNAPSHOT</version>
+		<version>4.1.63-SNAPSHOT</version>
 		<relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
 	</parent>
 

org.hl7.fhir.r4/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r4/model/Meta.java

@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ public class Meta extends Type implements IBaseMetaType {
    * <code>null</code> if none
    */
   public Coding getSecurity(String theSystem, String theCode) {
-    for (Coding next : getTag()) {
+    for (Coding next : getSecurity()) {
       if (ca.uhn.fhir.util.ObjectUtil.equals(next.getSystem(), theSystem) && ca.uhn.fhir.util.ObjectUtil.equals(next.getCode(), theCode)) {
         return next;
       }

org.hl7.fhir.r4/src/test/java/org/hl7/fhir/r4/test/MetaTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package org.hl7.fhir.r4.test;
+
+import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Coding;
+import org.hl7.fhir.r4.model.Meta;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+public class MetaTest {
+  public static String TEST_SYSTEM = "TEST_SYSTEM";
+  public static String TEST_CODE = "TEST_CODE";
+
+  @Test
+  public void testMetaSecurity() {
+    Meta meta = new Meta();
+    Coding coding = meta.addSecurity().setSystem(TEST_SYSTEM).setCode(TEST_CODE);
+    assertTrue(meta.hasSecurity());
+    assertNotNull(meta.getSecurity());
+    assertNotNull(meta.getSecurity(TEST_SYSTEM, TEST_CODE));
+    assertEquals(1, meta.getSecurity().size());
+    assertEquals(meta.getSecurity().get(0), meta.getSecurity(TEST_SYSTEM, TEST_CODE));
+    assertEquals(meta.getSecurityFirstRep(), meta.getSecurity(TEST_SYSTEM, TEST_CODE));
+    assertEquals(coding, meta.getSecurity(TEST_SYSTEM, TEST_CODE));
+  }
+}

org.hl7.fhir.r5/pom.xml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 	<parent>
 		<groupId>ca.uhn.hapi.fhir</groupId>
 		<artifactId>org.hl7.fhir.core</artifactId>
-		<version>4.1.54-SNAPSHOT</version>
+		<version>4.1.63-SNAPSHOT</version>
 		<relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
 	</parent>
 

org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/conformance/ProfileUtilities.java

@@ -463,6 +463,9 @@ public class ProfileUtilities extends TranslatingUtilities {
     if (derived == null) {
       throw new DefinitionException("no derived structure provided");
     }
+    checkNotGenerating(base, "Base for generating a snapshot for the profile "+derived.getUrl());
+    checkNotGenerating(derived, "Focus for generating a snapshot");
+    derived.setUserData("profileutils.snapshot.generating", true);
 
     if (!base.hasType()) {
       throw new DefinitionException("Base profile "+base.getUrl()+" has no type");
@@ -622,6 +625,7 @@ public class ProfileUtilities extends TranslatingUtilities {
       derived.setSnapshot(null);
       throw e;
     }
+    derived.clearUserData("profileutils.snapshot.generating");
   }
 
   private void checkDifferential(List<ElementDefinition> elements, String type, String url) {
@@ -853,10 +857,12 @@ public class ProfileUtilities extends TranslatingUtilities {
             CanonicalType p = diffMatches.get(0).getType().get(0).getProfile().get(0);
             StructureDefinition sd = context.fetchResource(StructureDefinition.class, p.getValue());
             if (sd != null) {
+              checkNotGenerating(sd, "an extension definition");
               if (!sd.hasSnapshot()) {
                 StructureDefinition sdb = context.fetchResource(StructureDefinition.class, sd.getBaseDefinition());
                 if (sdb == null)
                   throw new DefinitionException("Unable to find base "+sd.getBaseDefinition()+" for "+sd.getUrl());
+                checkNotGenerating(sdb, "an extension base");
                 generateSnapshot(sdb, sd, sd.getUrl(), (sdb.hasUserData("path")) ? Utilities.extractBaseUrl(sdb.getUserString("path")) : webUrl, sd.getName());
               }
               ElementDefinition src;
@@ -905,7 +911,7 @@ public class ProfileUtilities extends TranslatingUtilities {
           result.getElement().add(outcome);
           baseCursor++;
           diffCursor = differential.getElement().indexOf(diffMatches.get(0))+1;
-          if (diffLimit >= diffCursor && outcome.getPath().contains(".") && (isDataType(outcome.getType()) || outcome.hasContentReference())) {  // don't want to do this for the root, since that's base, and we're already processing it
+          if (diffLimit >= diffCursor && outcome.getPath().contains(".") && (isDataType(outcome.getType()) || isBaseResource(outcome.getType()) || outcome.hasContentReference())) {  // don't want to do this for the root, since that's base, and we're already processing it
             if (pathStartsWith(differential.getElement().get(diffCursor).getPath(), diffMatches.get(0).getPath()+".") && !baseWalksInto(base.getElement(), baseCursor)) {
               if (outcome.getType().size() > 1) {
                 if (outcome.getPath().endsWith("[x]") && !diffMatches.get(0).getPath().endsWith("[x]")) {
@@ -1424,7 +1430,7 @@ public class ProfileUtilities extends TranslatingUtilities {
             outcome.setSlicing(null);
             if (!outcome.getPath().startsWith(resultPathBase))
               throw new DefinitionException("Adding wrong path");
-            if (diffpos < diffMatches.size() && diffMatches.get(diffpos).getSliceName().equals(outcome.getSliceName())) {
+            if (diffpos < diffMatches.size() && diffMatches.get(diffpos).hasSliceName() && diffMatches.get(diffpos).getSliceName().equals(outcome.getSliceName())) {
               // if there's a diff, we update the outcome with diff
               // no? updateFromDefinition(outcome, diffMatches.get(diffpos), profileName, closed, url);
               //then process any children
@@ -1540,6 +1546,24 @@ public class ProfileUtilities extends TranslatingUtilities {
   }
 
 
+  private void checkNotGenerating(StructureDefinition sd, String role) {
+    if (sd.hasUserData("profileutils.snapshot.generating")) {
+      throw new FHIRException("Attempt to use a snapshot on profile '"+sd.getUrl()+"' as "+role+" before it is generated");
+    }
+  }
+
+  private boolean isBaseResource(List<TypeRefComponent> types) {
+    if (types.isEmpty())
+      return false;
+    for (TypeRefComponent type : types) {
+      String t = type.getWorkingCode();
+      if ("Resource".equals(t))
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+    
+  }
+
   public String determineFixedType(List<ElementDefinition> diffMatches, String fixedType, int i) {
     if (diffMatches.get(i).getType().size() == 0 && diffMatches.get(i).hasSliceName()) {
       String n = tail(diffMatches.get(i).getPath()).replace("[x]", "");
@@ -2441,62 +2465,7 @@ public class ProfileUtilities extends TranslatingUtilities {
         if (!Base.compareDeep(derived.getType(), base.getType(), false)) {
           if (base.hasType()) {
             for (TypeRefComponent ts : derived.getType()) {
-              boolean ok = false;
+              checkTypeDerivation(purl, srcSD, base, derived, ts);
-              CommaSeparatedStringBuilder b = new CommaSeparatedStringBuilder();
-              String t = ts.getWorkingCode();
-              for (TypeRefComponent td : base.getType()) {;
-                String tt = td.getWorkingCode();
-                b.append(tt);
-                if (td.hasCode() && (tt.equals(t))) {
-                  ok = true;
-                }
-                if (!ok) {
-                  StructureDefinition sdt = context.fetchTypeDefinition(tt);
-                  if (sdt != null && sdt.getAbstract()) {
-                    StructureDefinition sdb = context.fetchTypeDefinition(t);
-                    while (sdb != null && !ok) {
-                      ok = sdb.getType().equals(sdt.getUrl());
-                      sdb = context.fetchResource(StructureDefinition.class, sdb.getBaseDefinition());
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-               // work around for old badly generated SDs
-                if (DONT_DO_THIS && Utilities.existsInList(tt, "Extension", "uri", "string", "Element")) {
-                  ok = true;
-                }
-                if (DONT_DO_THIS && Utilities.existsInList(tt, "Resource","DomainResource") && pkp.isResource(t)) {
-                  ok = true;
-                }
-                if (ok && ts.hasTargetProfile()) {
-                  // check that any derived target has a reference chain back to one of the base target profiles 
-                  for (UriType u : ts.getTargetProfile()) {
-                    String url = u.getValue();
-                    boolean tgtOk = !td.hasTargetProfile() || td.hasTargetProfile(url);
-                    while (url != null && !tgtOk) {
-                      StructureDefinition sd = context.fetchResource(StructureDefinition.class, url);
-                      if (sd == null) {
-                        if (messages != null) {
-                          messages.add(new ValidationMessage(Source.InstanceValidator, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, purl+"#"+derived.getPath(), "Connect check whether the target profile "+url+" is valid constraint on the base because it is not known", IssueSeverity.WARNING));
-                        }
-                        url = null;
-                        tgtOk = true; // suppress error message
-                      } else {
-                        url = sd.getBaseDefinition();
-                        tgtOk = td.hasTargetProfile(url);
-                      }
-                    }
-                    if (!tgtOk) {
-                      if (messages == null) {
-                        throw new FHIRException("Error at "+purl+"#"+derived.getPath()+": The target profile "+url+" is not  valid constraint on the base ("+td.getTargetProfile()+")");
-                      } else {
-                        messages.add(new ValidationMessage(Source.InstanceValidator, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, derived.getPath(), "The target profile "+u.getValue()+" is not a valid constraint on the base ("+td.getTargetProfile()+") at "+derived.getPath(), IssueSeverity.ERROR));
-                      }
-                    }
-                  }
-                }
-              }
-              if (!ok)
-                throw new DefinitionException("StructureDefinition "+purl+" at "+derived.getPath()+": illegal constrained type "+t+" from "+b.toString()+" in "+srcSD.getUrl());
             }
           }
           base.getType().clear();
@@ -2576,6 +2545,66 @@ public class ProfileUtilities extends TranslatingUtilities {
     }
   }
 
+  public void checkTypeDerivation(String purl, StructureDefinition srcSD, ElementDefinition base, ElementDefinition derived, TypeRefComponent ts) {
+    boolean ok = false;
+    CommaSeparatedStringBuilder b = new CommaSeparatedStringBuilder();
+    String t = ts.getWorkingCode();
+    for (TypeRefComponent td : base.getType()) {;
+      String tt = td.getWorkingCode();
+      b.append(tt);
+      if (td.hasCode() && (tt.equals(t))) {
+        ok = true;
+      }
+      if (!ok) {
+        StructureDefinition sdt = context.fetchTypeDefinition(tt);
+        if (sdt != null && sdt.getAbstract()) {
+          StructureDefinition sdb = context.fetchTypeDefinition(t);
+          while (sdb != null && !ok) {
+            ok = sdb.getType().equals(sdt.getType());
+            sdb = context.fetchResource(StructureDefinition.class, sdb.getBaseDefinition());
+          }
+        }
+      }
+     // work around for old badly generated SDs
+      if (DONT_DO_THIS && Utilities.existsInList(tt, "Extension", "uri", "string", "Element")) {
+        ok = true;
+      }
+      if (DONT_DO_THIS && Utilities.existsInList(tt, "Resource","DomainResource") && pkp.isResource(t)) {
+        ok = true;
+      }
+      if (ok && ts.hasTargetProfile()) {
+        // check that any derived target has a reference chain back to one of the base target profiles 
+        for (UriType u : ts.getTargetProfile()) {
+          String url = u.getValue();
+          boolean tgtOk = !td.hasTargetProfile() || td.hasTargetProfile(url);
+          while (url != null && !tgtOk) {
+            StructureDefinition sd = context.fetchRawProfile(url);
+            if (sd == null) {
+              if (messages != null) {
+                messages.add(new ValidationMessage(Source.InstanceValidator, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, purl+"#"+derived.getPath(), "Connect check whether the target profile "+url+" is valid constraint on the base because it is not known", IssueSeverity.WARNING));
+              }
+              url = null;
+              tgtOk = true; // suppress error message
+            } else {
+              url = sd.getBaseDefinition();
+              tgtOk = td.hasTargetProfile(url);
+            }
+          }
+          if (!tgtOk) {
+            if (messages == null) {
+              throw new FHIRException("Error at "+purl+"#"+derived.getPath()+": The target profile "+url+" is not  valid constraint on the base ("+td.getTargetProfile()+")");
+            } else {
+              messages.add(new ValidationMessage(Source.InstanceValidator, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, derived.getPath(), "The target profile "+u.getValue()+" is not a valid constraint on the base ("+td.getTargetProfile()+") at "+derived.getPath(), IssueSeverity.ERROR));
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    if (!ok) {
+      throw new DefinitionException("StructureDefinition "+purl+" at "+derived.getPath()+": illegal constrained type "+t+" from "+b.toString()+" in "+srcSD.getUrl());
+    }
+  }
+
 
   public void checkTypeOk(ElementDefinition dest, String ft) {
     boolean ok = false;
@@ -4354,13 +4383,13 @@ public class ProfileUtilities extends TranslatingUtilities {
     @Override
     public int compare(ElementDefinitionHolder o1, ElementDefinitionHolder o2) {
       if (o1.getBaseIndex() == 0)
-        o1.setBaseIndex(find(o1.getSelf().getPath()));
+        o1.setBaseIndex(find(o1.getSelf().getPath(), true));
       if (o2.getBaseIndex() == 0)
-        o2.setBaseIndex(find(o2.getSelf().getPath()));
+        o2.setBaseIndex(find(o2.getSelf().getPath(), true));
       return o1.getBaseIndex() - o2.getBaseIndex();
     }
 
-    private int find(String path) {
+    private int find(String path, boolean mandatory) {
       String op = path;
       int lc = 0;
       String actual = base+path.substring(prefixLength);
@@ -4392,10 +4421,12 @@ public class ProfileUtilities extends TranslatingUtilities {
             throw new Error("Internal recursion detection: find() loop path recursion > "+MAX_RECURSION_LIMIT+" - check paths are valid (for path "+path+"/"+op+")");
         }
       }
+      if (mandatory) {
         if (prefixLength == 0)
           errors.add("Differential contains path "+path+" which is not found in the base");
         else
           errors.add("Differential contains path "+path+" which is actually "+actual+", which is not found in the base");
+      }
       return 0;
     }
 
@@ -4508,7 +4539,7 @@ public class ProfileUtilities extends TranslatingUtilities {
   private void sortElements(ElementDefinitionHolder edh, ElementDefinitionComparer cmp, List<String> errors) throws FHIRException {
     if (edh.getChildren().size() == 1)
       // special case - sort needsto allocate base numbers, but there'll be no sort if there's only 1 child. So in that case, we just go ahead and allocated base number directly
-      edh.getChildren().get(0).baseIndex = cmp.find(edh.getChildren().get(0).getSelf().getPath());
+      edh.getChildren().get(0).baseIndex = cmp.find(edh.getChildren().get(0).getSelf().getPath(), false);
     else
       Collections.sort(edh.getChildren(), cmp);
     cmp.checkForErrors(errors);
@@ -4516,11 +4547,12 @@ public class ProfileUtilities extends TranslatingUtilities {
     for (ElementDefinitionHolder child : edh.getChildren()) {
       if (child.getChildren().size() > 0) {
         ElementDefinitionComparer ccmp = getComparer(cmp, child);
-        if (ccmp != null)
+        if (ccmp != null) {
           sortElements(child, ccmp, errors);
         }
       }
     }
+  }
 
 
   public ElementDefinitionComparer getComparer(ElementDefinitionComparer cmp, ElementDefinitionHolder child) throws FHIRException, Error {
@@ -4528,7 +4560,22 @@ public class ProfileUtilities extends TranslatingUtilities {
     ElementDefinition ed = cmp.snapshot.get(child.getBaseIndex());
     ElementDefinitionComparer ccmp;
     if (ed.getType().isEmpty() || isAbstract(ed.getType().get(0).getWorkingCode()) || ed.getType().get(0).getWorkingCode().equals(ed.getPath())) {
+      if (ed.hasType() && "Resource".equals(ed.getType().get(0).getWorkingCode()) && child.getSelf().getType().get(0).hasProfile()) {
+        if (child.getSelf().getType().get(0).getProfile().size() > 1) {
+          throw new FHIRException("Unhandled situation: resource is profiled to more than one option - cannot sort profile");
+        }
+        StructureDefinition profile = context.fetchResource(StructureDefinition.class, child.getSelf().getType().get(0).getProfile().get(0).getValue());
+        while (profile != null && profile.getDerivation() == TypeDerivationRule.CONSTRAINT) {
+          profile = context.fetchResource(StructureDefinition.class, profile.getBaseDefinition());          
+        }
+        if (profile==null) {
+          ccmp = null; // this might happen before everything is loaded. And we don't so much care about sot order in this case
+        } else {
+          ccmp = new ElementDefinitionComparer(true, profile.getSnapshot().getElement(), profile.getType(), child.getSelf().getPath().length(), cmp.name);
+        }
+      } else {
         ccmp = new ElementDefinitionComparer(true, cmp.snapshot, cmp.base, cmp.prefixLength, cmp.name);
+      }
     } else if (ed.getType().get(0).getWorkingCode().equals("Extension") && child.getSelf().getType().size() == 1 && child.getSelf().getType().get(0).hasProfile()) {
       StructureDefinition profile = context.fetchResource(StructureDefinition.class, child.getSelf().getType().get(0).getProfile().get(0).getValue());
       if (profile==null)
@@ -5264,15 +5311,19 @@ public class ProfileUtilities extends TranslatingUtilities {
   private String getCardinality(ElementDefinition ed, List<ElementDefinition> list) {
     int min = ed.getMin();
     int max = !ed.hasMax() || ed.getMax().equals("*") ? Integer.MAX_VALUE : Integer.parseInt(ed.getMax());
-    while (ed != null && ed.getPath().contains(".")) {
+    ElementDefinition ned = ed;
-      ed = findParent(ed, list);
+    while (ned != null && ned.getPath().contains(".")) {
-      if (ed.getMax().equals("0"))
+      ned = findParent(ned, list);
+      if (ned != null) { // todo: this can happen if we've walked into a resoruce. Not sure what to about that? 
+        if ("0".equals(ned.getMax()))
           max = 0;
-      else if (!ed.getMax().equals("1") && !ed.hasSlicing())
+        else if (!ned.getMax().equals("1") && !ned.hasSlicing())
           max = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
-      if (ed.getMin() == 0)
+        if (ned.getMin() == 0) {
           min = 0;
         }
+      }
+    }
     return Integer.toString(min)+".."+(max == Integer.MAX_VALUE ? "*" : Integer.toString(max));
   }
 

org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/context/IWorkerContext.java

@@ -539,6 +539,7 @@ public interface IWorkerContext {
   public void setOverrideVersionNs(String value);
 
   public StructureDefinition fetchTypeDefinition(String typeName);
+  public StructureDefinition fetchRawProfile(String url);
   
   public void setUcumService(UcumService ucumService);
 

org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/context/SimpleWorkerContext.java

@@ -640,6 +640,12 @@ public class SimpleWorkerContext extends BaseWorkerContext implements IWorkerCon
     return r;
   }
   
+  @Override
+  public StructureDefinition fetchRawProfile(String uri) {
+    StructureDefinition r = super.fetchResource(StructureDefinition.class, uri);
+    return r;
+  }
+  
   @Override
   public void generateSnapshot(StructureDefinition p) throws DefinitionException, FHIRException {
     generateSnapshot(p, false);

org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/model/Meta.java

@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ public class Meta extends DataType implements IBaseMetaType {
    * <code>null</code> if none 
    */
   public Coding getSecurity(String theSystem, String theCode) { 
-    for (Coding next : getTag()) {
+    for (Coding next : getSecurity()) {
       if (ca.uhn.fhir.util.ObjectUtil.equals(next.getSystem(), theSystem) && ca.uhn.fhir.util.ObjectUtil.equals(next.getCode(), theCode)) { 
         return next; 
       } 

org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/utils/NarrativeGenerator.java

@@ -1620,6 +1620,8 @@ public class NarrativeGenerator implements INarrativeGenerator {
       return false;
     } else if (e instanceof ElementDefinition) {
       return false;
+    } else if (e instanceof Base64BinaryType) {
+      return false;
     } else if (!(e instanceof Attachment))
       throw new NotImplementedException("type "+e.getClass().getName()+" not handled yet");
     return false;
@@ -2515,6 +2517,8 @@ public class NarrativeGenerator implements INarrativeGenerator {
     if (!x.hasAttribute("xmlns"))
       x.setAttribute("xmlns", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml");
     if (r.hasLanguage()) {
+      // use both - see https://www.w3.org/TR/i18n-html-tech-lang/#langvalues
+      x.setAttribute("lang", r.getLanguage());
       x.setAttribute("xml:lang", r.getLanguage());
     }
     if (!r.hasText() || !r.getText().hasDiv() || r.getText().getDiv().getChildNodes().isEmpty()) {
@@ -2539,6 +2543,13 @@ public class NarrativeGenerator implements INarrativeGenerator {
   private void inject(Element er, XhtmlNode x, NarrativeStatus status) {
     if (!x.hasAttribute("xmlns"))
       x.setAttribute("xmlns", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml");
+    Element le = XMLUtil.getNamedChild(er, "language");
+    String l = le == null ? null : le.getAttribute("value");
+    if (!Utilities.noString(l)) {
+      // use both - see https://www.w3.org/TR/i18n-html-tech-lang/#langvalues
+      x.setAttribute("lang", l);
+      x.setAttribute("xml:lang", l);
+    }
     Element txt = XMLUtil.getNamedChild(er, "text");
     if (txt == null) {
       txt = er.getOwnerDocument().createElementNS(FormatUtilities.FHIR_NS, "text");
@@ -2574,6 +2585,12 @@ public class NarrativeGenerator implements INarrativeGenerator {
   private void inject(org.hl7.fhir.r5.elementmodel.Element er, XhtmlNode x, NarrativeStatus status) throws IOException, FHIRException {
     if (!x.hasAttribute("xmlns"))
       x.setAttribute("xmlns", "http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml");
+    String l = er.getChildValue("language");
+    if (!Utilities.noString(l)) {
+      // use both - see https://www.w3.org/TR/i18n-html-tech-lang/#langvalues
+      x.setAttribute("lang", l);
+      x.setAttribute("xml:lang", l);
+    }
     org.hl7.fhir.r5.elementmodel.Element txt = er.getNamedChild("text");
     if (txt == null) {
       txt = new org.hl7.fhir.r5.elementmodel.Element("text", er.getProperty().getChild(null, "text"));
@@ -2919,6 +2936,9 @@ public class NarrativeGenerator implements INarrativeGenerator {
   }
 
   private ConceptMapRenderInstructions findByTarget(DataType source) {
+    if (source == null) {
+      return null;
+    }
     String src = source.primitiveValue();
     if (src != null)
       for (ConceptMapRenderInstructions t : renderingMaps) {

org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/test/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/test/AllR5Tests.java

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import org.junit.runners.Suite.SuiteClasses;
 
 @RunWith(Suite.class)
 @SuiteClasses({ 
+    NpmPackageTests.class,
+    PackageClientTests.class,
     SnomedExpressionsTests.class, 
     GraphQLParserTests.class,
     TurtleTests.class,
@@ -21,7 +23,8 @@ import org.junit.runners.Suite.SuiteClasses;
     BaseDateTimeTypeTest.class,
     OpenApiGeneratorTest.class,
     MetadataResourceManagerTester.class,
-    NpmPackageTests.class,
+    MetaTest.class,
+    UtilitiesTests.class,
     SnapShotGenerationTests.class})
 
 public class AllR5Tests {

org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/test/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/test/FHIRPathTests.java

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ public class FHIRPathTests {
 
   @Parameters(name = "{index}: file {0}")
   public static Iterable<Object[]> data() throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, IOException {
-    Document dom = XMLUtil.parseToDom(TestingUtilities.loadTestResource("r5", "fhirpath", "tests-fhir-r4.xml"));
+    Document dom = XMLUtil.parseToDom(TestingUtilities.loadTestResource("r5", "fhirpath", "tests-fhir-r5.xml"));
 
     List<Element> list = new ArrayList<Element>();
     List<Element> groups = new ArrayList<Element>();

org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/test/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/test/MetaTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package org.hl7.fhir.r5.test;
+
+import org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.Coding;
+import org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.Meta;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.*;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+public class MetaTest {
+  public static String TEST_SYSTEM = "TEST_SYSTEM";
+  public static String TEST_CODE = "TEST_CODE";
+
+  @Test
+  public void testMetaSecurity() {
+    Meta meta = new Meta();
+    Coding coding = meta.addSecurity().setSystem(TEST_SYSTEM).setCode(TEST_CODE);
+    assertTrue(meta.hasSecurity());
+    assertNotNull(meta.getSecurity());
+    assertNotNull(meta.getSecurity(TEST_SYSTEM, TEST_CODE));
+    assertEquals(1, meta.getSecurity().size());
+    assertEquals(meta.getSecurity().get(0), meta.getSecurity(TEST_SYSTEM, TEST_CODE));
+    assertEquals(meta.getSecurityFirstRep(), meta.getSecurity(TEST_SYSTEM, TEST_CODE));
+    assertEquals(coding, meta.getSecurity(TEST_SYSTEM, TEST_CODE));
+  }
+}

org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/test/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/test/PackageCacheTests.java

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package org.hl7.fhir.r5.test;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import org.hl7.fhir.utilities.Utilities;
+import org.hl7.fhir.utilities.cache.NpmPackage;
+import org.hl7.fhir.utilities.cache.PackageCacheManager;
+import org.hl7.fhir.utilities.cache.ToolsVersion;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class PackageCacheTests {
+
+  @Test
+  public void testPath() throws IOException {
+    PackageCacheManager cache = new PackageCacheManager(true, ToolsVersion.TOOLS_VERSION);
+    cache.clear();
+    NpmPackage npm = cache.loadPackage("hl7.fhir.pubpack", "0.0.3");
+    npm.loadAllFiles();
+    Assert.assertNotNull(npm);
+    File dir = new File(Utilities.path("[tmp]", "cache"));
+    if (dir.exists()) {
+      Utilities.clearDirectory(dir.getAbsolutePath());
+    } else {
+      Utilities.createDirectory(dir.getAbsolutePath());
+    }
+    npm.save(dir);
+    NpmPackage npm2 = cache.loadPackage("hl7.fhir.pubpack", "file:"+dir.getAbsolutePath());
+    Assert.assertNotNull(npm2);
+    
+  }
+
+
+}
+

org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/test/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/test/PackageClientTests.java

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+package org.hl7.fhir.r5.test;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.hl7.fhir.utilities.cache.PackageClient;
+import org.hl7.fhir.utilities.cache.PackageClient.PackageInfo;
+import org.junit.Assert;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class PackageClientTests {
+
+  @Test
+  public void testExists() throws IOException {
+    PackageClient client = new PackageClient("http://packages.fhir.org");
+    Assert.assertTrue(client.exists("hl7.fhir.r4.core", "4.0.1"));
+    Assert.assertTrue(!client.exists("hl7.fhir.r4.core", "1.0.2"));
+    Assert.assertTrue(!client.exists("hl7.fhir.nothing", "1.0.1"));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testSearch() throws IOException {
+    PackageClient client = new PackageClient("http://packages.fhir.org");
+    List<PackageInfo> matches = client.search("core", null, null, false);
+    for (PackageInfo pi : matches) {
+      System.out.println(pi.toString());
+    }
+    Assert.assertTrue(matches.size() > 0);
+  }
+  
+
+  @Test
+  public void testSearchNoMatches() throws IOException {
+    PackageClient client = new PackageClient("http://packages.fhir.org");
+    List<PackageInfo> matches = client.search("corezxxx", null, null, false);
+    Assert.assertTrue(matches.size() == 0);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVersions() throws IOException {
+    PackageClient client = new PackageClient("http://packages.fhir.org");
+    List<PackageInfo> matches = client.getVersions("Simplifier.Core.STU3");
+    for (PackageInfo pi : matches) {
+      System.out.println(pi.toString());
+    }
+    Assert.assertTrue(matches.size() > 0);
+  }
+  
+  @Test
+  public void testVersionsNone() throws IOException {
+    PackageClient client = new PackageClient("http://packages.fhir.org");
+    List<PackageInfo> matches = client.getVersions("Simplifier.Core.STU3X");
+    Assert.assertTrue(matches.size() == 0);
+  }
+  
+
+  @Test
+  public void testExists2() throws IOException {
+    PackageClient client = new PackageClient("http://test.fhir.org/packages");
+    Assert.assertTrue(client.exists("hl7.fhir.r4.core", "4.0.1"));
+    Assert.assertTrue(!client.exists("hl7.fhir.r4.core", "1.0.2"));
+    Assert.assertTrue(!client.exists("hl7.fhir.nothing", "1.0.1"));
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testSearch2() throws IOException {
+    PackageClient client = new PackageClient("http://test.fhir.org/packages");
+    List<PackageInfo> matches = client.search("core", null, null, false);
+    for (PackageInfo pi : matches) {
+      System.out.println(pi.toString());
+    }
+    Assert.assertTrue(matches.size() > 0);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testSearchNoMatches2() throws IOException {
+    PackageClient client = new PackageClient("http://test.fhir.org/packages");
+    List<PackageInfo> matches = client.search("corezxxx", null, null, false);
+    Assert.assertTrue(matches.size() == 0);
+  }
+
+  @Test
+  public void testVersions2() throws IOException {
+    PackageClient client = new PackageClient("http://test.fhir.org/packages");
+    List<PackageInfo> matches = client.getVersions("Simplifier.Core.STU3");
+    for (PackageInfo pi : matches) {
+      System.out.println(pi.toString());
+    }
+    Assert.assertTrue(matches.size() == 0);
+  }
+  
+  @Test
+  public void testVersions2A() throws IOException {
+    PackageClient client = new PackageClient("http://test.fhir.org/packages");
+    List<PackageInfo> matches = client.getVersions("hl7.fhir.us.core");
+    for (PackageInfo pi : matches) {
+      System.out.println(pi.toString());
+    }
+    Assert.assertTrue(matches.size() > 0);
+  }
+  
+  @Test
+  public void testVersionsNone2() throws IOException {
+    PackageClient client = new PackageClient("http://test.fhir.org/packages");
+    List<PackageInfo> matches = client.getVersions("Simplifier.Core.STU3X");
+    Assert.assertTrue(matches.size() == 0);
+  }
+  
+  
+}

org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/test/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/test/SnapShotGenerationTests.java

@@ -473,7 +473,9 @@ public class SnapShotGenerationTests {
       pu.setNewSlicingProcessing(true);
       pu.setIds(test.included, false);
       StructureDefinition base = TestingUtilities.context().fetchResource(StructureDefinition.class, test.included.getBaseDefinition());
+      if (base != null) {
         pu.generateSnapshot(base, test.included, test.included.getUrl(), "http://test.org/profile", test.included.getName());
+      }
       if (!TestingUtilities.context().hasResource(StructureDefinition.class, test.included.getUrl()))
         TestingUtilities.context().cacheResource(test.included);
       int ec = 0;

org.hl7.fhir.r5/src/test/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/test/UtilitiesTests.java

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package org.hl7.fhir.r5.test;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.SystemUtils;
+
+import org.hl7.fhir.utilities.Utilities;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import junit.framework.Assert;
+
+public class UtilitiesTests {
+
+  @Test
+  public void testPath() throws IOException {
+    Assert.assertEquals(Utilities.path("[tmp]", "test.txt"),  SystemUtils.IS_OS_WINDOWS ? "c:\\temp\\test.txt" : "/temp/test.txt");
+    Assert.assertEquals(Utilities.path("[user]", "test.txt"), System.getProperty("user.home")+"\\test.txt");
+    Assert.assertEquals(Utilities.path("[JAVA_HOME]", "test.txt"), System.getenv("JAVA_HOME")+"\\test.txt");
+  }
+}

org.hl7.fhir.utilities/pom.xml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     <parent>
         <groupId>ca.uhn.hapi.fhir</groupId>
         <artifactId>org.hl7.fhir.core</artifactId>
-        <version>4.1.54-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <version>4.1.63-SNAPSHOT</version>
         <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
     </parent>
 

org.hl7.fhir.utilities/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/utilities/Utilities.java

@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
 import java.math.BigDecimal;
 import java.net.URLEncoder;
 import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
+import java.nio.file.Paths;
 import java.time.Duration;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Collections;
@@ -568,12 +569,21 @@ public class Utilities {
       else if (!s.toString().endsWith(File.separator))
         s.append(File.separator);
       String a = arg;
+      if (s.length() == 0) {
         if ("[tmp]".equals(a)) {
           if (hasCTempDir()) {
             a = "c:\\temp";
           } else {
             a = System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir");
           }
+        } else if ("[user]".equals(a)) {
+          a = System.getProperty("user.home");
+        } else if (a.startsWith("[") && a.endsWith("]")){
+          String ev = System.getenv(a.replace("[", "").replace("]", ""));
+          if (ev != null) {
+            a = ev;
+          }
+        }
       }
       a = a.replace("\\", File.separator);
       a = a.replace("/", File.separator);
@@ -581,12 +591,16 @@ public class Utilities {
         a = a.substring(File.separator.length());
       
       while (a.startsWith(".."+File.separator)) {
+        if (s.length() == 0) {
+          s = new StringBuilder(Paths.get(".").toAbsolutePath().normalize().toString());
+        } else {
           String p = s.toString().substring(0, s.length()-1);
           if (!p.contains(File.separator)) {
             s = new StringBuilder();
           } else {
             s = new StringBuilder(p.substring(0,  p.lastIndexOf(File.separator))+File.separator);
           }
+        }
         a = a.substring(3);
       }
       if ("..".equals(a)) {
@@ -599,6 +613,9 @@ public class Utilities {
   }
 
   private static boolean hasCTempDir() {
+    if (!System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase().contains("win")) {
+      return false;
+    }
     File tmp = new File("c:\\temp");
     return tmp.exists() && tmp.isDirectory();
   }

org.hl7.fhir.utilities/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/utilities/cache/NpmPackage.java

@@ -186,6 +186,7 @@ public class NpmPackage {
 
   public static void loadFiles(NpmPackage res, String path, File source, String... exemptions) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
     res.npm = (JsonObject) new com.google.gson.JsonParser().parse(TextFile.fileToString(Utilities.path(path, "package", "package.json")));
+    res.path = path;
     
     File dir = new File(path);
     for (File f : dir.listFiles()) {
@@ -622,6 +623,37 @@ public class NpmPackage {
     return folders;
   }
 
+  public void save(File directory) throws IOException {
+    File dir = new File(Utilities.path(directory.getAbsolutePath(), name()));
+    if (!dir.exists()) {
+      Utilities.createDirectory(dir.getAbsolutePath());
+    } else {
+      Utilities.clearDirectory(dir.getAbsolutePath());
+    }
+    
+    for (NpmPackageFolder folder : folders.values()) {
+      String n = folder.name;
+
+      File pd = new File(Utilities.path(dir.getAbsolutePath(), n));
+      if (!pd.exists()) {
+        Utilities.createDirectory(pd.getAbsolutePath());
+      }
+      NpmPackageIndexBuilder indexer = new NpmPackageIndexBuilder();
+      indexer.start();
+      for (String s : folder.content.keySet()) {
+        byte[] b = folder.content.get(s);
+        indexer.seeFile(s, b);
+        if (!s.equals(".index.json") && !s.equals("package.json")) {
+          TextFile.bytesToFile(b, Utilities.path(dir.getAbsolutePath(), n, s));
+        }
+      }
+      byte[] cnt = indexer.build().getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
+      TextFile.bytesToFile(cnt, Utilities.path(dir.getAbsolutePath(), n, ".index.json"));
+    }
+    byte[] cnt = TextFile.stringToBytes(new GsonBuilder().setPrettyPrinting().create().toJson(npm), false);
+    TextFile.bytesToFile(cnt, Utilities.path(dir.getAbsolutePath(), "package", "package.json"));
+  }
+  
   public void save(OutputStream stream) throws IOException {
     TarArchiveOutputStream tar;
     ByteArrayOutputStream OutputStream;
@@ -756,5 +788,35 @@ public class NpmPackage {
     Collections.sort(res);
     return res ;
   }
+
+  public void clearFolder(String folderName) {
+    NpmPackageFolder folder = folders.get(folderName);
+    folder.content.clear();
+    folder.types.clear();    
+  }
+
+  public void deleteFolder(String folderName) {
+    folders.remove(folderName);
+  }
+
+  public void addFile(String folderName, String name, byte[] cnt, String type) {
+    NpmPackageFolder folder = folders.get(folderName);
+    folder.content.put(name, cnt);
+    if (!folder.types.containsKey(type))
+      folder.types.put(type, new ArrayList<>());
+    folder.types.get(type).add(name);
+  }
+
+  public void loadAllFiles() throws IOException {
+    for (String folder : folders.keySet()) {
+      NpmPackageFolder pf = folders.get(folder);
+      String p = Utilities.path(path, folder);
+      for (File f : new File(p).listFiles()) {
+        if (!f.isDirectory()) {
+          pf.getContent().put(f.getName(), TextFile.fileToBytes(f));
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
 }
 

org.hl7.fhir.utilities/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/utilities/cache/PackageCacheManager.java

@@ -268,8 +268,10 @@ public class PackageCacheManager {
 
   private void clearCache() throws IOException {
     for (File f : new File(cacheFolder).listFiles()) {
-      if (f.isDirectory())
+      if (f.isDirectory()) {
+        Utilities.clearDirectory(f.getAbsolutePath());
         FileUtils.deleteDirectory(f);
+      }
       else if (!f.getName().equals("packages.ini"))
         FileUtils.forceDelete(f);
     }    
@@ -316,6 +318,10 @@ public class PackageCacheManager {
     save = checkIniHasMapping("hl7.fhir.core", "http://hl7.org/fhir", ini) || save;
     save = checkIniHasMapping("hl7.fhir.pubpack", "http://fhir.org/packages/hl7.fhir.pubpack", ini) || save;
     save = checkIniHasMapping("hl7.fhir.xver-extensions", "http://fhir.org/packages/hl7.fhir.xver-extensions", ini) || save;
+    save = checkIniHasMapping("fhir.base.template", "http://fhir.org/templates/fhir.base.template", ini) || save;
+    save = checkIniHasMapping("hl7.base.template", "http://fhir.org/templates/hl7.base.template", ini) || save;
+    save = checkIniHasMapping("hl7.fhir.template", "http://fhir.org/templates/hl7.fhir.template", ini) || save;
+    save = checkIniHasMapping("ihe.fhir.template", "http://fhir.org/templates/ihe.fhir.template", ini) || save;
     
     save = checkIniHasMapping("hl7.fhir.r2.core", "http://hl7.org/fhir/DSTU2/hl7.fhir.r2.core.tgz", ini) || save;
     save = checkIniHasMapping("hl7.fhir.r2.examples", "http://hl7.org/fhir/DSTU2/hl7.fhir.r2.examples.tgz", ini) || save;
@@ -382,6 +388,9 @@ public class PackageCacheManager {
   public void recordMap(String url, String id) throws IOException {
     if (url == null)
       return;
+    if (url.contains("github.com")) {
+      return;
+    }
     
     if (!(new File(Utilities.path(cacheFolder, "packages.ini")).exists()))
         throw new Error("File "+Utilities.path(cacheFolder, "packages.ini")+" not found #1");
@@ -431,7 +440,7 @@ public class PackageCacheManager {
         String u = o.get("url").getAsString();
         if (u.contains("/ImplementationGuide/"))
           u = u.substring(0, u.indexOf("/ImplementationGuide/"));
-        builds.add(new BuildRecord(u, o.get("package-id").getAsString(), o.get("repo").getAsString(), readDate(o.get("date").getAsString())));
+        builds.add(new BuildRecord(u, o.get("package-id").getAsString(), getRepo(o.get("repo").getAsString()), readDate(o.get("date").getAsString())));
       }
     }
     Collections.sort(builds, new BuildRecordSorter());
@@ -443,6 +452,11 @@ public class PackageCacheManager {
     }
   }
 
+  private String getRepo(String path) {
+    String[] p = path.split("\\/");
+    return p[0]+"/"+p[1];
+  }
+
   private Date readDate(String s) throws ParseException {
     SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("EEE, dd MMM, yyyy HH:mm:ss Z", new Locale("en", "US"));
     return sdf.parse(s);
@@ -540,6 +554,13 @@ public class PackageCacheManager {
    * @throws IOException
    */
   public NpmPackage loadPackageFromCacheOnly(String id, String version) throws IOException {
+    if (Utilities.noString(version)) {
+      throw new FHIRException("Invalid version - ''");
+    }
+    if (version.startsWith("file:")) {
+      return loadPackageFromFile(id, version.substring(5));
+    }
+
     for (NpmPackage p : temporaryPackages) {
       if (p.name().equals(id) && ("current".equals(version) || "dev".equals(version) || p.version().equals(version)))
         return p;
@@ -559,6 +580,7 @@ public class PackageCacheManager {
    * Add an already fetched package to the cache
    */
   public NpmPackage addPackageToCache(String id, String version, InputStream tgz, String sourceDesc) throws IOException {
+    checkValidVersionString(version, id);
     if (progress ) {
       System.out.println("Installing "+id+"#"+(version == null ? "?" : version)+" to the package cache");
       System.out.print("  Fetching:");
@@ -636,11 +658,31 @@ public class PackageCacheManager {
     return pck;
   }
 
+  private void checkValidVersionString(String version, String id) {
+    if (Utilities.noString(version)) {
+      throw new FHIRException("Cannot add package "+id+" to the package cache - a version must be provided");
+    }
+    if (version.startsWith("file:")) {
+      throw new FHIRException("Cannot add package "+id+" to the package cache - the version '"+version+"' is illegal in this context");
+    }
+    for (char ch : version.toCharArray()) {
+      if (!Character.isAlphabetic(ch) && !Character.isDigit(ch) && !Utilities.existsInList(ch, '.', '-')) {
+        throw new FHIRException("Cannot add package "+id+" to the package cache - the version '"+version+"' is illegal (ch '"+ch+"'");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
   public NpmPackage loadPackage(String id) throws FHIRException, IOException {
     throw new Error("Not done yet");
   }
   
   public NpmPackage loadPackage(String id, String v) throws FHIRException, IOException {
+    if (Utilities.noString(v)) {
+      throw new FHIRException("Invalid version - ''");
+    }
+    if (v.startsWith("file:")) {
+      return loadPackageFromFile(id, v.substring(5));
+    }
     NpmPackage p = loadPackageFromCacheOnly(id, v);
     if (p != null) {
       if ("current".equals(v)) {
@@ -659,33 +701,42 @@ public class PackageCacheManager {
     }
 
     String url = getPackageUrl(id);
-    if (url == null)
+    if (url == null) {
       throw new FHIRException("Unable to resolve the package '"+id+"'");
+    }
+    String aurl = null;
+    try {
     if (url.contains(".tgz")) {
+      aurl = url;
       InputStream stream = fetchFromUrlSpecific(url, true);
       if (stream != null)
         return addPackageToCache(id, v, stream, url);
       throw new FHIRException("Unable to find the package source for '"+id+"' at "+url);      
     }
     if (v == null) {
+      aurl = Utilities.pathURL(url, "package.tgz");
       InputStream stream = fetchFromUrlSpecific(Utilities.pathURL(url, "package.tgz"), true);
       if (stream == null && isBuildLoaded()) { 
+        aurl = Utilities.pathURL(buildPath(url), "package.tgz");
         stream = fetchFromUrlSpecific(Utilities.pathURL(buildPath(url), "package.tgz"), true);
       }
       if (stream != null)
         return addPackageToCache(id, null, stream, url);
       throw new FHIRException("Unable to find the package source for '"+id+"' at "+url);
     } else if ("current".equals(v) && ciList.containsKey(id)){
+      aurl = Utilities.pathURL(buildPath(url), "package.tgz");
       InputStream stream = fetchFromUrlSpecific(Utilities.pathURL(ciList.get(id), "package.tgz"), true);
       return addPackageToCache(id, v, stream, Utilities.pathURL(ciList.get(id), "package.tgz"));
     } else {
       String pu = Utilities.pathURL(url, "package-list.json");
+      aurl = pu;
       JsonObject json;
       try {
         json = fetchJson(pu);
       } catch (Exception e) {
         String pv = Utilities.pathURL(url, v, "package.tgz");
         try {
+          aurl = pv;
           InputStream stream = fetchFromUrlSpecific(pv, true);
           return addPackageToCache(id, v, stream, pv);
         } catch (Exception e1) {
@@ -697,6 +748,7 @@ public class PackageCacheManager {
       for (JsonElement e : json.getAsJsonArray("list")) {
         JsonObject vo = (JsonObject) e;
         if (v.equals(JSONUtil.str(vo, "version"))) {
+          aurl = Utilities.pathURL(JSONUtil.str(vo, "path"), "package.tgz");
           InputStream stream = fetchFromUrlSpecific(Utilities.pathURL(JSONUtil.str(vo, "path"), "package.tgz"), true);
           if (stream == null)
             throw new FHIRException("Unable to find the package source for '"+id+"#"+v+"' at "+Utilities.pathURL(JSONUtil.str(vo, "path"), "package.tgz"));
@@ -712,6 +764,9 @@ public class PackageCacheManager {
 //      }
       throw new FHIRException("Unable to resolve version "+v+" for package "+id);
     }
+    } catch (Exception e) {
+      throw new FHIRException(e.getMessage()+(aurl == null ? "" : " (url = "+aurl+")"), e);
+    }
   }
 
 
@@ -731,6 +786,16 @@ public class PackageCacheManager {
    * @return
    */
   public boolean hasPackage(String id, String version) {
+    if (Utilities.noString(version)) {
+      throw new FHIRException("Invalid version - ''");
+    }
+    if (version.startsWith("file:")) {
+      try {
+        return loadPackageFromFile(id, version.substring(5)) != null;
+      } catch (IOException e) {
+        return false;
+      }
+    }
     for (NpmPackage p : temporaryPackages) {
       if (p.name().equals(id) && ("current".equals(version) || "dev".equals(version) || p.version().equals(version)))
         return true;
@@ -747,6 +812,21 @@ public class PackageCacheManager {
   }
 
 
+  private NpmPackage loadPackageFromFile(String id, String folder) throws IOException {
+    File f = new File(Utilities.path(folder, id));
+    if (!f.exists()) {
+      throw new FHIRException("Package '"+id+"  not found in folder "+folder);
+    }
+    if (!f.isDirectory()) {
+      throw new FHIRException("File for '"+id+"  found in folder "+folder+", not a folder");
+    }
+    File fp = new File(Utilities.path(folder, id, "package", "package.json"));
+    if (!fp.exists()) {
+      throw new FHIRException("Package '"+id+"  found in folder "+folder+", but does not contain a package.json file in /package");
+    }
+    return NpmPackage.fromFolder(f.getAbsolutePath());
+  }
+
   /**
    * List which versions of a package are available
    * 

org.hl7.fhir.utilities/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/utilities/cache/PackageClient.java

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+package org.hl7.fhir.utilities.cache;
+
+import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.net.URL;
+import java.net.URLConnection;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import org.hl7.fhir.utilities.CommaSeparatedStringBuilder;
+import org.hl7.fhir.utilities.TextFile;
+import org.hl7.fhir.utilities.Utilities;
+import org.hl7.fhir.utilities.cache.PackageClient.PackageInfo;
+import org.hl7.fhir.utilities.json.JSONUtil;
+
+import com.google.gson.JsonArray;
+import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
+import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
+
+public class PackageClient {
+
+  public class PackageInfo {
+    private String id;
+    private String version;
+    private String fhirVersion;
+    private String description;
+    private String url;
+    public PackageInfo(String id, String version, String fhirVersion, String description, String url) {
+      super();
+      this.id = id;
+      this.version = version;
+      this.fhirVersion = fhirVersion;
+      this.description = description;
+      this.url = url;
+    }
+    public String getId() {
+      return id;
+    }
+    public String getVersion() {
+      return version;
+    }
+    public String getFhirVersion() {
+      return fhirVersion;
+    }
+    public String getDescription() {
+      return description;
+    }
+    public String getUrl() {
+      return url;
+    }
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+      return id+"#"+(version == null ? "??" : version)+(fhirVersion == null ? "": "for FHIR "+fhirVersion)+(url == null ? "" : " @"+url)+(description == null ? "" : " '"+description+"'");
+    }
+    
+  }
+
+  private String address;
+
+
+  public PackageClient(String address) {
+    super();
+    this.address = address;
+  }
+
+  public boolean exists(String id, String ver) throws IOException {
+    List<PackageInfo> vl = getVersions(id);
+    for (PackageInfo pi : vl) {
+      if (ver.equals(pi.getVersion())) {
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  public InputStream fetch(String id, String ver) throws IOException {
+    return fetchUrl(Utilities.pathURL(address, id, ver));
+  }
+
+  public InputStream fetch(PackageInfo info) throws IOException {
+    return fetchUrl(Utilities.pathURL(address, info.getId(), info.getVersion()));
+  }
+
+  public InputStream fetchNpm(String id, String ver) throws IOException {
+    return fetchUrl(Utilities.pathURL(address, id, "-", id+"-"+ver+".tgz"));    
+  }
+
+  public List<PackageInfo> getVersions(String id) throws IOException {
+    List<PackageInfo> res = new ArrayList<>();
+    JsonObject json;
+    try {
+      json = fetchJson(Utilities.pathURL(address, id));
+      JsonObject versions = json.getAsJsonObject("versions");
+      if (versions != null) {
+        for (String v : sorted(versions.keySet())) {
+          JsonObject obj = versions.getAsJsonObject(v);
+          res.add(new PackageInfo(JSONUtil.str(obj, "name"), JSONUtil.str(obj, "version"), JSONUtil.str(obj, "FhirVersion"), JSONUtil.str(obj, "description"), JSONUtil.str(obj, "url")));
+        }
+      }
+    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
+    }
+    return res;    
+  }
+  
+  private List<String> sorted(Set<String> keys) {
+    List<String> res = new ArrayList<>();
+    res.addAll(keys);
+    Collections.sort(res);
+    return res;
+  }
+
+  public List<PackageInfo> search(String name, String canonical, String fhirVersion, boolean preRelease) throws IOException {
+    CommaSeparatedStringBuilder params = new CommaSeparatedStringBuilder("&");
+    if (!Utilities.noString(name)) {
+      params.append("name="+name);
+    }
+    if (!Utilities.noString(canonical)) {
+      params.append("canonical="+canonical);
+    }
+    if (!Utilities.noString(fhirVersion)) {
+      params.append("fhirversion="+fhirVersion);
+    }
+    if (preRelease) {
+      params.append("prerelease="+preRelease);
+    }
+    List<PackageInfo> res = new ArrayList<>();
+    try {
+      JsonArray json = fetchJsonArray(Utilities.pathURL(address, "catalog?")+params.toString());
+      for (JsonElement e : json) {
+        JsonObject obj = (JsonObject) e;
+        res.add(new PackageInfo(JSONUtil.str(obj, "Name"), null, JSONUtil.str(obj, "FhirVersion"), JSONUtil.str(obj, "Description"), null));
+      }
+    } catch (FileNotFoundException e1) {
+    }
+    return res;    
+  }  
+
+  public Date getNewPackages(Date lastCalled, List<PackageInfo> updates) {
+    return null;
+  }
+ 
+  private InputStream fetchUrl(String source) throws IOException {
+    URL url = new URL(source);
+    URLConnection c = url.openConnection();
+    return c.getInputStream();
+  }
+  
+  private JsonObject fetchJson(String source) throws IOException {
+    String src = TextFile.streamToString(fetchUrl(source));
+    //System.out.println(src);
+    return (JsonObject) new com.google.gson.JsonParser().parse(src);
+  }
+  
+  private JsonArray fetchJsonArray(String source) throws IOException {
+    String src = TextFile.streamToString(fetchUrl(source));
+    //System.out.println(src);
+    return (JsonArray) new com.google.gson.JsonParser().parse(src);
+  }
+  
+
+}

org.hl7.fhir.utilities/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/utilities/json/JSONUtil.java

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import java.util.Map.Entry;
 
 import com.google.gson.JsonArray;
 import com.google.gson.JsonElement;
+import com.google.gson.JsonNull;
 import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
 
 public class JSONUtil {
@@ -73,7 +74,7 @@ public class JSONUtil {
 
   public static String str(JsonObject json, String name) {
     JsonElement e = json.get(name);
-    return e == null ? null : e.getAsString();
+    return e == null || e instanceof JsonNull ? null : e.getAsString();
   }
 
   public static String str(JsonObject json, String name1, String name2) {

org.hl7.fhir.utilities/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/utilities/validation/ValidationMessage.java

@@ -487,6 +487,8 @@ public class ValidationMessage implements Comparator<ValidationMessage>, Compara
   private String html;
   private String locationLink;
   private String txLink;
+  public String sliceHtml;
+  private boolean slicingHint;
 
 
   /**
@@ -746,5 +748,22 @@ public class ValidationMessage implements Comparator<ValidationMessage>, Compara
     this.html = html;
   }
 
+  public boolean isSlicingHint() {
+    return slicingHint;
+  }
+
+  public ValidationMessage setSlicingHint(boolean slicingHint) {
+    this.slicingHint = slicingHint;
+    return this;
+  }
+
+  public String getSliceHtml() {
+    return sliceHtml;
+  }
+
+  public void setSliceHtml(String sliceHtml) {
+    this.sliceHtml = sliceHtml;
+  }
+
   
 }

org.hl7.fhir.utilities/src/test/java/org/hl7/fhir/utilities/tests/UtilitiesTests.java

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package org.hl7.fhir.utilities.tests;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import org.hl7.fhir.utilities.Utilities;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import junit.framework.Assert;
+
+public class UtilitiesTests {
+
+  @Test
+  public void testPath() throws IOException {
+    Assert.assertEquals(Utilities.path("[tmp]", "test.txt"), "c:\\temp\\test.txt");
+    Assert.assertEquals(Utilities.path("[user]", "test.txt"), System.getProperty("user.home")+"\\test.txt");
+    Assert.assertEquals(Utilities.path("[JAVA_HOME]", "test.txt"), System.getenv("JAVA_HOME")+"\\test.txt");
+  }
+}

org.hl7.fhir.validation.cli/pom.xml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     <parent>
         <groupId>ca.uhn.hapi.fhir</groupId>
         <artifactId>org.hl7.fhir.core</artifactId>
-        <version>4.1.54-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <version>4.1.63-SNAPSHOT</version>
         <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
     </parent>
 

org.hl7.fhir.validation/pom.xml

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
     <parent>
         <groupId>ca.uhn.hapi.fhir</groupId>
         <artifactId>org.hl7.fhir.core</artifactId>
-        <version>4.1.54-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <version>4.1.63-SNAPSHOT</version>
         <relativePath>../pom.xml</relativePath>
     </parent>
 

org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/validation/BaseValidator.java

@@ -150,6 +150,21 @@ public class BaseValidator {
     return thePass;
   }
   
+  /**
+   * Test a rule and add a {@link IssueSeverity#INFORMATION} validation message if the validation fails. And mark it as a slicing hint for later recovery if appropriate
+   * 
+   * @param thePass
+   *          Set this parameter to <code>false</code> if the validation does not pass
+   * @return Returns <code>thePass</code> (in other words, returns <code>true</code> if the rule did not fail validation)
+   */
+  
+  protected boolean slicingHint(List<ValidationMessage> errors, IssueType type, int line, int col, String path, boolean thePass, String msg, String html) {
+    if (!thePass) {
+     addValidationMessage(errors, type, line, col, path, msg, IssueSeverity.INFORMATION).setSlicingHint(true).setSliceHtml(html);
+   }
+    return thePass;
+  }
+  
   /**
    * Test a rule and add a {@link IssueSeverity#INFORMATION} validation message if the validation fails
    * 
@@ -168,8 +183,7 @@ public class BaseValidator {
   protected boolean txHint(List<ValidationMessage> errors, String txLink, IssueType type, int line, int col, String path, boolean thePass, String theMessage, Object... theMessageArguments) {
     if (!thePass) {
       String message = formatMessage(theMessage, theMessageArguments);
-      addValidationMessage(errors, type, line, col, path, message, IssueSeverity.INFORMATION, Source.TerminologyEngine)
+      addValidationMessage(errors, type, line, col, path, message, IssueSeverity.INFORMATION, Source.TerminologyEngine).setTxLink(txLink);
-			.setTxLink(txLink);
     }
     return thePass;
   }
@@ -338,9 +352,9 @@ public class BaseValidator {
 
   }
 
-	protected void addValidationMessage(List<ValidationMessage> errors, IssueType type, int line, int col, String path, String msg, IssueSeverity theSeverity) {
+	protected ValidationMessage addValidationMessage(List<ValidationMessage> errors, IssueType type, int line, int col, String path, String msg, IssueSeverity theSeverity) {
 		Source source = this.source;
-		addValidationMessage(errors, type, line, col, path, msg, theSeverity, source);
+		return addValidationMessage(errors, type, line, col, path, msg, theSeverity, source);
 	}
 
 	protected ValidationMessage addValidationMessage(List<ValidationMessage> errors, IssueType type, int line, int col, String path, String msg, IssueSeverity theSeverity, Source theSource) {

org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/validation/InstanceValidator.java

@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ import org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.Range;
 import org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.Ratio;
 import org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.Resource;
 import org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.SampledData;
+import org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.SearchParameter;
 import org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.StringType;
 import org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.StructureDefinition;
 import org.hl7.fhir.r5.model.StructureDefinition.ExtensionContextType;
@@ -156,6 +157,9 @@ import ca.uhn.fhir.util.ObjectUtil;
  * Thinking of using this in a java program? Don't! 
  * You should use one of the wrappers instead. Either in HAPI, or use ValidationEngine
  * 
+ * Validation todo:
+ * - support @default slices
+ * 
  * @author Grahame Grieve
  *
  */
@@ -207,6 +211,7 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
     private Element rootResource;
     private StructureDefinition profile; // the profile that contains the content being validated
     private boolean checkSpecials = true;
+    private Map<String, List<ValidationMessage>> sliceRecords;
     
     public ValidatorHostContext(Object appContext) {
       this.appContext = appContext;
@@ -242,6 +247,7 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
       res.rootResource = rootResource;
       res.container = container;
       res.profile = profile;
+      res.sliceRecords = sliceRecords != null ? sliceRecords :  new HashMap<String, List<ValidationMessage>>();
       return res;
     }
 
@@ -277,6 +283,21 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
       return resource;
     }
 
+    public void sliceNotes(String url, List<ValidationMessage> record) {
+      sliceRecords.put(url, record);
+    }
+
+    public ValidatorHostContext forSlicing() {
+      ValidatorHostContext res = new ValidatorHostContext(appContext);
+      res.resource = resource;
+      res.rootResource = resource;
+      res.container = resource;
+      res.profile = profile;
+      res.checkSpecials = false;
+      res.sliceRecords = new HashMap<String, List<ValidationMessage>>();
+      return res;
+    }
+    
     
   }
   
@@ -405,8 +426,16 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
       } else
         throw new NotImplementedException("Not done yet (ValidatorHostServices.conformsToProfile), when item is not an element");
       boolean ok = true;
-      for (ValidationMessage v : valerrors)
+      List<ValidationMessage> record = new ArrayList<>();
+      for (ValidationMessage v : valerrors) {
         ok = ok && !v.getLevel().isError();
+        if (v.getLevel().isError() || v.isSlicingHint()) {
+          record.add(v);
+        }
+      }
+      if (!ok && !record.isEmpty()) {
+        ctxt.sliceNotes(url, record);
+      }
       return ok;
     }
 
@@ -1597,9 +1626,9 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
       Set<String> allowedTypes = listExtensionTypes(ex);
       String actualType = getExtensionType(element);
       if (actualType == null)
-        rule(errors, IssueType.STRUCTURE, element.line(), element.col(), path + "[url='" + url + "']", allowedTypes.isEmpty(), "The Extension '" + url + "' definition is for a simple extension, so it must contain a value, not extensions");
+        rule(errors, IssueType.STRUCTURE, element.line(), element.col(), path, allowedTypes.isEmpty(), "The Extension '" + url + "' definition is for a simple extension, so it must contain a value, not extensions");
       else
-        rule(errors, IssueType.STRUCTURE, element.line(), element.col(), path + "[url='" + url + "']", allowedTypes.contains(actualType), "The Extension '" + url + "' definition allows for the types "+allowedTypes.toString()+" but found type "+actualType);
+        rule(errors, IssueType.STRUCTURE, element.line(), element.col(), path, allowedTypes.contains(actualType), "The Extension '" + url + "' definition allows for the types "+allowedTypes.toString()+" but found type "+actualType);
 
       // 3. is the content of the extension valid?
       validateElement(hostContext, errors, ex, ex.getSnapshot().getElement().get(0), null, null, resource, element, "Extension", stack, false, true, url);
@@ -1691,7 +1720,11 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
                 ok = true;
                 break;
               }
+              if (sd.getBaseDefinition() != null) {
                 sd = context.fetchResource(StructureDefinition.class, sd.getBaseDefinition());
+              } else {
+                sd = null;
+              }
             }
           }
         } 
@@ -1959,7 +1992,7 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
       if (fetcher != null) {
         boolean found;
         try {
-          found = (allowExamples && (url.contains("example.org") || url.contains("acme.com"))) || (url.startsWith("http://hl7.org/fhir/tools")) || fetcher.resolveURL(appContext, path, url);
+          found = isDefinitionURL(url) || (allowExamples && (url.contains("example.org") || url.contains("acme.com"))) || (url.startsWith("http://hl7.org/fhir/tools")) || fetcher.resolveURL(appContext, path, url);
         } catch (IOException e1) {
           found = false;
         }
@@ -2122,6 +2155,11 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
     // for nothing to check
   }
 
+  private boolean isDefinitionURL(String url) {
+    return Utilities.existsInList(url, "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.Boolean", "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.String", "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.Integer", 
+        "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.Decimal", "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.Date", "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.Time", "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.DateTime", "http://hl7.org/fhirpath/System.Quantity");
+  }
+
   private void checkInnerNames(List<ValidationMessage> errors, Element e, String path, List<XhtmlNode> list) {
     for (XhtmlNode node : list) {
       if (node.getNodeType() == NodeType.Element) {
@@ -2353,7 +2391,7 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
               if (!isShowMessagesFromReferences()) {
                 rule(errors, IssueType.STRUCTURE, element.line(), element.col(), path, areAllBaseProfiles(profiles), "Unable to find matching profile for "+ref+" among choices: " + asList(type.getTargetProfile()));
                 for (StructureDefinition sd : badProfiles.keySet()) {
-                  hint(errors, IssueType.STRUCTURE, element.line(), element.col(), path, false, "Profile "+sd.getUrl()+" does not match for "+ref+" because of the following errors: "+errorSummary(badProfiles.get(sd)));
+                  slicingHint(errors, IssueType.STRUCTURE, element.line(), element.col(), path, false, "Details for "+ref+" matching against Profile"+sd.getUrl(), errorSummaryForSlicingAsHtml(badProfiles.get(sd)));
                 }
               } else {
                 rule(errors, IssueType.STRUCTURE, element.line(), element.col(), path, profiles.size()==1, "Unable to find matching profile for "+ref+" among choices: " + asList(type.getTargetProfile()));
@@ -2369,7 +2407,7 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
               if (!isShowMessagesFromReferences()) {
                 warning(errors, IssueType.STRUCTURE, element.line(), element.col(), path, false, "Found multiple matching profiles for "+ref+" among choices: " + asListByUrl(goodProfiles.keySet()));
                 for (StructureDefinition sd : badProfiles.keySet()) {
-                  hint(errors, IssueType.STRUCTURE, element.line(), element.col(), path, false, "Profile "+sd.getUrl()+" does not match for "+ref+" because of the following errors: "+errorSummary(badProfiles.get(sd)));
+                  slicingHint(errors, IssueType.STRUCTURE, element.line(), element.col(), path, false, "Details for "+ref+" matching against Profile"+sd.getUrl(), errorSummaryForSlicingAsHtml(badProfiles.get(sd)));
                 }
               } else {
                 warning(errors, IssueType.STRUCTURE, element.line(), element.col(), path, false, "Found multiple matching profiles for "+ref+" among choices: " + asListByUrl(goodProfiles.keySet()));
@@ -2404,6 +2442,19 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
       boolean okToRef = !type.hasAggregation() || type.hasAggregation(AggregationMode.REFERENCED);
       rule(errors, IssueType.REQUIRED, -1, -1, path, okToRef, "Bundled or contained reference not found within the bundle/resource " + ref);
     }
+    if (we == null && ft != null && assumeValidRestReferences) {
+      // if we == null, we inferred ft from the reference. if we are told to treat this as gospel  
+      TypeRefComponent type = getReferenceTypeRef(container.getType());
+      Set<String> types = new HashSet<>();
+      for (CanonicalType tp : type.getTargetProfile()) {
+        StructureDefinition sd = context.fetchResource(StructureDefinition.class, tp.getValue());
+        if (sd != null) {
+          types.add(sd.getType());
+        }
+      }
+      rule(errors, IssueType.STRUCTURE, element.line(), element.col(), path, types.isEmpty() || types.contains(ft), "The type '"+ft+"' implied by the reference URL "+ref+" is not a valid Target for this element (must be one of "+types+")");
+      
+    }
     if (pol == ReferenceValidationPolicy.CHECK_VALID) {
       // todo....
     }
@@ -2434,16 +2485,28 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
     return true;
   }
 
-  private String errorSummary(List<ValidationMessage> list) {
+  private String errorSummaryForSlicing(List<ValidationMessage> list) {
     CommaSeparatedStringBuilder b = new CommaSeparatedStringBuilder();
     for (ValidationMessage vm : list) {
-      if (vm.getLevel() == IssueSeverity.ERROR || vm.getLevel() == IssueSeverity.FATAL) {
+      if (vm.getLevel() == IssueSeverity.ERROR || vm.getLevel() == IssueSeverity.FATAL || vm.isSlicingHint()) {
         b.append(vm.getLocation()+": "+vm.getMessage());
       }
     }
     return b.toString();
   }
 
+  private String errorSummaryForSlicingAsHtml(List<ValidationMessage> list) {
+    CommaSeparatedStringBuilder b = new CommaSeparatedStringBuilder();
+    for (ValidationMessage vm : list) {
+      if (vm.isSlicingHint()) {
+        b.append("<li>"+vm.getLocation()+": "+vm.getSliceHtml()+"</li>");
+      } else if (vm.getLevel() == IssueSeverity.ERROR || vm.getLevel() == IssueSeverity.FATAL ) {
+        b.append("<li>"+vm.getLocation()+": "+vm.getHtml()+"</li>");
+      }
+    }
+    return "<ul>"+b.toString()+"</ul>";
+  }
+
   private TypeRefComponent getReferenceTypeRef(List<TypeRefComponent> types) {
     for (TypeRefComponent tr : types) {
       if ("Reference".equals(tr.getCode())) {
@@ -3186,7 +3249,7 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
    * @throws IOException
    * @throws FHIRException
    */
-  private boolean sliceMatches(ValidatorHostContext hostContext, Element element, String path, ElementDefinition slicer, ElementDefinition ed, StructureDefinition profile, List<ValidationMessage> errors, NodeStack stack) throws DefinitionException, FHIRException {
+  private boolean sliceMatches(ValidatorHostContext hostContext, Element element, String path, ElementDefinition slicer, ElementDefinition ed, StructureDefinition profile, List<ValidationMessage> errors, List<ValidationMessage> sliceInfo, NodeStack stack) throws DefinitionException, FHIRException {
     if (!slicer.getSlicing().hasDiscriminator())
       return false; // cannot validate in this case
 
@@ -3221,19 +3284,19 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
             } else
               throw new DefinitionException("Discriminator (" + discriminator + ") is based on type, but slice " + ed.getId() + " in "+profile.getUrl()+" has no types");
             if (discriminator.isEmpty())
-              expression.append(" and this is " + type);
+              expression.append(" and $this is " + type);
             else
               expression.append(" and " + discriminator + " is " + type);
           } else if (s.getType() == DiscriminatorType.PROFILE) {
             if (criteriaElement.getType().size() == 0) {
-              throw new DefinitionException("Profile based discriminators must have a type ("+criteriaElement.getId()+")");
+              throw new DefinitionException("Profile based discriminators must have a type ("+criteriaElement.getId()+" in profile "+profile.getUrl()+")");
             }
             if (criteriaElement.getType().size() != 1) {
-              throw new DefinitionException("Profile based discriminators must have only one type ("+criteriaElement.getId()+")");
+              throw new DefinitionException("Profile based discriminators must have only one type ("+criteriaElement.getId()+" in profile "+profile.getUrl()+")");
             }
             List<CanonicalType> list = discriminator.endsWith(".resolve()") || discriminator.equals("resolve()") ? criteriaElement.getType().get(0).getTargetProfile() : criteriaElement.getType().get(0).getProfile();
             if (list.size() == 0) {
-              throw new DefinitionException("Profile based discriminators must have a type with a profile ("+criteriaElement.getId()+")");
+              throw new DefinitionException("Profile based discriminators must have a type with a profile ("+criteriaElement.getId()+" in profile "+profile.getUrl()+")");
             } else if (list.size() > 1) {
               CommaSeparatedStringBuilder b = new CommaSeparatedStringBuilder(" or ");
               for (CanonicalType c : list) {
@@ -3281,7 +3344,16 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
       ed.setUserData("slice.expression.cache", n);
     }
 
-    return evaluateSlicingExpression(hostContext, element, path, profile, n);
+    ValidatorHostContext shc = hostContext.forSlicing();
+    boolean pass = evaluateSlicingExpression(shc, element, path, profile, n);
+    if (!pass) {
+      slicingHint(sliceInfo, IssueType.STRUCTURE, element.line(), element.col(), path, false, "Does not match slice'"+ed.getSliceName(), "discriminator = "+Utilities.escapeXml(n.toString()));
+      for (String url : shc.sliceRecords.keySet()) {
+        slicingHint(sliceInfo, IssueType.STRUCTURE, element.line(), element.col(), path, false, "Details for "+stack.getLiteralPath()+" against profile "+url, 
+            "Profile "+url+" does not match for "+stack.getLiteralPath()+" because of the following profile issues: "+errorSummaryForSlicingAsHtml(shc.sliceRecords.get(url)));
+      }
+    }
+    return pass;
   }
 
   public boolean evaluateSlicingExpression(ValidatorHostContext hostContext, Element element, String path, StructureDefinition profile, ExpressionNode n)  throws FHIRException {
@@ -3518,20 +3590,28 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
       }
     }
     if (checkSpecials) {
+      checkSpecials(hostContext, errors, element, stack, checkSpecials);
+      validateResourceRules(errors, element, stack);
+    }
+  }
+
+  public void checkSpecials(ValidatorHostContext hostContext, List<ValidationMessage> errors, Element element, NodeStack stack, boolean checkSpecials) {
     // specific known special validations
     if (element.getType().equals("Bundle")) {
-        validateBundle(errors, element, stack);
+      validateBundle(errors, element, stack, checkSpecials);
     } else if (element.getType().equals("Observation")) {
       validateObservation(errors, element, stack);
     } else if (element.getType().equals("Questionnaire")) {
-        validateQuestionannaire(errors, element, stack);
+      ArrayList<Element> parents = new ArrayList<>();
+      parents.add(element);
+      validateQuestionannaireItem(errors, element, element, stack, parents);
     } else if (element.getType().equals("QuestionnaireResponse")) {
       validateQuestionannaireResponse(hostContext, errors, element, stack);
+    } else if (element.getType().equals("CapabilityStatement")) {
+      validateCapabilityStatement(errors, element, stack);
     } else if (element.getType().equals("CodeSystem")) {
       validateCodeSystem(errors, element, stack);
     }
-      validateResourceRules(errors, element, stack);
-    }
   }
 
   private ResourceValidationTracker getResourceTracker(Element element) {
@@ -3543,29 +3623,37 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
     return res;
   }
 
-  private void validateQuestionannaire(List<ValidationMessage> errors, Element element, NodeStack stack) {
+  private void validateQuestionannaireItem(List<ValidationMessage> errors, Element element, Element questionnaire, NodeStack stack, List<Element> parents) {
     List<Element> list = getItems(element);
     for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
       Element e = list.get(i);
-      NodeStack ns = stack.push(element, i, e.getProperty().getDefinition(), e.getProperty().getDefinition());
+      NodeStack ns = stack.push(e, i, e.getProperty().getDefinition(), e.getProperty().getDefinition());
-      validateQuestionnaireElement(errors, ns, element, e, new ArrayList<>());
+      validateQuestionnaireElement(errors, ns, questionnaire, e, parents);
+      List<Element> np = new ArrayList<Element>();
+      np.add(e);
+      np.addAll(parents);
+      validateQuestionannaireItem(errors, e, questionnaire, ns, np);
     }
-    
   }
 
   private void validateQuestionnaireElement(List<ValidationMessage> errors, NodeStack ns, Element questionnaire, Element item, List<Element> parents) {
     // R4+
     if (FHIRVersion.isR4Plus(context.getVersion())) {
-      if (item.hasChild("enableWhen")) {
+      if (item.hasChildren("enableWhen")) {
-        Element ew = item.getNamedChild("enableWhen");
+        List<Element> ewl = item.getChildren("enableWhen");
+        for (Element ew : ewl) {
+//          Element ew = item.getNamedChild("enableWhen");
           String ql = ew.getNamedChildValue("question");
           if (rule(errors, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, ns.literalPath, ql != null, "Questions with an enableWhen must have a value for the question link")) {
             Element tgt = getQuestionById(item, ql);
             if (rule(errors, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, ns.literalPath, tgt == null, "Questions with an enableWhen cannot refer to an inner question for it's enableWhen condition")) {
               tgt = getQuestionById(questionnaire, ql);
-            if (rule(errors, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, ns.literalPath, tgt != null, "Unable to find "+ql+" target for this question enableWhen")) {
+              if (rule(errors, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, ns.literalPath, tgt != null, "Unable to find target '"+ql+"' for this question enableWhen")) {
                 if (rule(errors, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, ns.literalPath, tgt != item, "Target for this question enableWhen can't reference itself")) {
-                warning(errors, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, ns.literalPath, isBefore(item, tgt, parents), "The target of this enableWhen rule ("+ql+") comes after the question itself");
+                  if (!isBefore(item, tgt, parents)) {
+                    warning(errors, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, ns.literalPath, false, "The target of this enableWhen rule ("+ql+") comes after the question itself");
+                  }
+                }
               }
             }  
           }
@@ -3576,6 +3664,10 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
 
   private boolean isBefore(Element item, Element tgt, List<Element> parents) {
     // we work up the list, looking for tgt in the children of the parents 
+    if (parents.contains(tgt)) {
+      // actually, if the target is a parent, that's automatically ok
+      return true;
+    }
     for (Element p : parents) {
       int i = findIndex(p, item);
       int t = findIndex(p, tgt);
@@ -3599,7 +3691,7 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
     for (Element e : element.getChildren()) {
       if (e == descendant)
         return true;
-      if (isChild(element, descendant))
+      if (isChild(e, descendant))
         return true;
     }
     return false;
@@ -3638,11 +3730,21 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
       Element div = text.getNamedChild("div");
       if (lang != null && div != null) {
         XhtmlNode xhtml = div.getXhtml();
-        String xl = xhtml.getAttribute("lang");
+        String l = xhtml.getAttribute("lang");
+        String xl = xhtml.getAttribute("xml:lang");
+        if (l == null && xl == null) {
+          warning(errors, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, div.line(), div.col(), stack.getLiteralPath(), false, "Resource has a language, but the XHTML does not have an lang or an xml:lang tag (needs both - see https://www.w3.org/TR/i18n-html-tech-lang/#langvalues)");           
+        } else { 
+          if (l == null) {
+            warning(errors, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, div.line(), div.col(), stack.getLiteralPath(), false, "Resource has a language, but the XHTML does not have a lang tag (needs both lang and xml:lang - see https://www.w3.org/TR/i18n-html-tech-lang/#langvalues)");           
+          } else if (!l.equals(lang)) {
+            warning(errors, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, div.line(), div.col(), stack.getLiteralPath(), false, "Resource has a language ("+lang+"), and the XHTML has a lang ("+l+"), but they differ ");
+          }
           if (xl == null) {
-          warning(errors, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, div.line(), div.col(), stack.getLiteralPath(), false, "Resource has a language, but the XHTML does not have a language tag");           
+            warning(errors, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, div.line(), div.col(), stack.getLiteralPath(), false, "Resource has a language, but the XHTML does not have an xml:lang tag (needs both lang and xml:lang - see https://www.w3.org/TR/i18n-html-tech-lang/#langvalues)");           
           } else if (!xl.equals(lang)) {
-          warning(errors, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, div.line(), div.col(), stack.getLiteralPath(), false, "Resource has a language ("+lang+"), and the XHTML has a language ("+xl+"), but they differ ");           
+            warning(errors, IssueType.BUSINESSRULE, div.line(), div.col(), stack.getLiteralPath(), false, "Resource has a language ("+lang+"), and the XHTML has an xml:lang ("+xl+"), but they differ ");           
+          }
         }
       }
     }
@@ -3662,6 +3764,29 @@ public class InstanceValidator extends BaseValidator implements IResourceValidat
     }
   }
 
+  private void validateCapabilityStatement(List<ValidationMessage> errors, Element cs, NodeStack stack) {
+    int iRest = 0;
+    for (Element rest : cs.getChildrenByName("rest")) {
+      int iResource = 0;
+      for  (Element resource : rest.getChildrenByName("resource")) {
+        int iSP = 0;
+        for  (Element searchParam : resource.getChildrenByName("searchParam")) {
+          String ref = searchParam.getChildValue("definition");
+          String type = searchParam.getChildValue("type");
+          if (!Utilities.noString(ref)) {
+            SearchParameter sp = context.fetchResource(SearchParameter.class, ref);
+            if (sp != null) {
+              rule(errors, IssueType.INVALID, searchParam.line(), searchParam.col(), stack.literalPath+".rest["+iRest+"].resource["+iResource+"].searchParam["+iSP+"]", 
+                  sp.getType().toCode().equals(type), "Type mismatch - SearchParameter '"+sp.getUrl()+"' type is "+sp.getType().toCode()+", but type here is "+type);
+            }
+          }
+          iSP++;
+        }
+        iResource++;
+      }
+      iRest++;
+    }
+  }
   private void validateCodeSystem(List<ValidationMessage> errors, Element cs, NodeStack stack) {
     String url = cs.getNamedChildValue("url");
     String vsu = cs.getNamedChildValue("valueSet");
@@ -4247,7 +4372,7 @@ private boolean isAnswerRequirementFulfilled(QuestionnaireItemComponent qItem, L
     return true;
   }
 
-  private void validateBundle(List<ValidationMessage> errors, Element bundle, NodeStack stack) {
+  private void validateBundle(List<ValidationMessage> errors, Element bundle, NodeStack stack, boolean checkSpecials) {
     List<Element> entries = new ArrayList<Element>();
     bundle.getNamedChildren("entry", entries);
     String type = bundle.getNamedChildValue("type");
@@ -4291,6 +4416,7 @@ private boolean isAnswerRequirementFulfilled(QuestionnaireItemComponent qItem, L
           rule(errors, IssueType.INVALID, entry.line(), entry.col(), stack.addToLiteralPath("entry", ":0"), false, "The canonical URL ("+url+") cannot match the fullUrl ("+fullUrl+") unless the resource id ("+id+") also matches");
         rule(errors, IssueType.INVALID, entry.line(), entry.col(), stack.addToLiteralPath("entry", ":0"), !url.equals(fullUrl) || serverBase == null || (url.equals(Utilities.pathURL(serverBase, entry.getNamedChild("resource").fhirType(), id))), "The canonical URL ("+url+") cannot match the fullUrl ("+fullUrl+") unless on the canonical server itself");
       }
+      // todo: check specials
     }
   }
 
@@ -4617,9 +4743,6 @@ private boolean isAnswerRequirementFulfilled(QuestionnaireItemComponent qItem, L
 
     //		time = System.nanoTime();
     // check type invariants
-    if (definition.getId().equals("Composition.section:sectionResults")) {
-      System.out.println("!");
-    }
     checkInvariants(hostContext, errors, profile, definition, resource, element, stack, false);
     if (definition.getFixed() != null)
       checkFixedValue(errors, stack.getLiteralPath(), element, definition.getFixed(), profile.getUrl(), definition.getSliceName(), null);
@@ -4630,16 +4753,14 @@ private boolean isAnswerRequirementFulfilled(QuestionnaireItemComponent qItem, L
     if (childDefinitions.isEmpty()) {
       if (actualType == null)
         return; // there'll be an error elsewhere in this case, and we're going to stop.
-      StructureDefinition dt = null;
+      childDefinitions = getActualTypeChildren(hostContext, element, actualType);
-      if (isAbsolute(actualType)) 
+    } else if (definition.getType().size() > 1) {
-        dt = this.context.fetchResource(StructureDefinition.class, actualType);
+      // this only happens when the profile constrains the abstract children but leaves th choice open. 
-      else
+      if (actualType == null)
-        dt = this.context.fetchResource(StructureDefinition.class, "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/" + actualType);
+        return; // there'll be an error elsewhere in this case, and we're going to stop.
-      if (dt == null)
+      List<ElementDefinition> typeChildDefinitions = getActualTypeChildren(hostContext, element, actualType);
-        throw new DefinitionException("Unable to resolve actual type " + actualType);
+      // what were going to do is merge them - the type is not allowed to constrain things that the child definitions already do (well, if it does, it'll be ignored)
-      trackUsage(dt, hostContext, element);
+      mergeChildLists(childDefinitions, typeChildDefinitions, definition.getPath(), actualType);
-
-      childDefinitions = ProfileUtilities.getChildMap(dt, dt.getSnapshot().getElement().get(0));
     }
 
     List<ElementInfo> children = listChildren(element, stack);
@@ -4654,6 +4775,39 @@ private boolean isAnswerRequirementFulfilled(QuestionnaireItemComponent qItem, L
     }
   }
 
+  private void mergeChildLists(List<ElementDefinition> master, List<ElementDefinition> additional, String masterPath, String typePath) {
+    for (ElementDefinition ed : additional) {
+      boolean inMaster = false;
+      for (ElementDefinition t : master) {
+        String tp = masterPath + ed.getPath().substring(typePath.length());
+        if (t.getPath().equals(tp)) {
+          inMaster = true;
+        }
+      }
+      if (!inMaster) {
+        master.add(ed);
+      }
+    }
+    
+    
+  }
+
+  // todo: the element definition in context might assign a constrained profile for the type? 
+  public List<ElementDefinition> getActualTypeChildren(ValidatorHostContext hostContext, Element element, String actualType) {
+    List<ElementDefinition> childDefinitions;
+    StructureDefinition dt = null;
+    if (isAbsolute(actualType)) 
+      dt = this.context.fetchResource(StructureDefinition.class, actualType);
+    else
+      dt = this.context.fetchResource(StructureDefinition.class, "http://hl7.org/fhir/StructureDefinition/" + actualType);
+    if (dt == null)
+      throw new DefinitionException("Unable to resolve actual type " + actualType);
+    trackUsage(dt, hostContext, element);
+
+    childDefinitions = ProfileUtilities.getChildMap(dt, dt.getSnapshot().getElement().get(0));
+    return childDefinitions;
+  }
+
   public void checkChild(ValidatorHostContext hostContext, List<ValidationMessage> errors, StructureDefinition profile, ElementDefinition definition,
       Element resource, Element element, String actualType, NodeStack stack, boolean inCodeableConcept, boolean checkDisplayInContext, ElementInfo ei, String extensionUrl)
       throws FHIRException, DefinitionException {
@@ -5018,7 +5172,10 @@ private boolean isAnswerRequirementFulfilled(QuestionnaireItemComponent qItem, L
 
 //      if (process) {
         for (ElementInfo ei : children) {
-          unsupportedSlicing = matchSlice(hostContext, errors, profile, stack, slicer, unsupportedSlicing, problematicPaths, sliceOffset, i, ed, childUnsupportedSlicing, ei);
+          if (ei.sliceInfo == null) {
+            ei.sliceInfo = new ArrayList<>();
+          }
+          unsupportedSlicing = matchSlice(hostContext, errors, ei.sliceInfo, profile, stack, slicer, unsupportedSlicing, problematicPaths, sliceOffset, i, ed, childUnsupportedSlicing, ei);
         }
 //      }
     }
@@ -5032,14 +5189,16 @@ private boolean isAnswerRequirementFulfilled(QuestionnaireItemComponent qItem, L
         if (ei.additionalSlice && ei.definition != null) {
           if (ei.definition.getSlicing().getRules().equals(ElementDefinition.SlicingRules.OPEN) ||
               ei.definition.getSlicing().getRules().equals(ElementDefinition.SlicingRules.OPENATEND) && true /* TODO: replace "true" with condition to check that this element is at "end" */) {
-            hint(errors, IssueType.INFORMATIONAL, ei.line(), ei.col(), ei.path, false, "This element does not match any known slice" + (profile == null ? "" : " for the profile " + profile.getUrl()));
+            slicingHint(errors, IssueType.INFORMATIONAL, ei.line(), ei.col(), ei.path, false, "This element does not match any known slice" + (profile == null ? "" : " defined in the profile " + profile.getUrl()),
+                "This element does not match any known slice" + (profile == null ? "" : " defined in the profile " + profile.getUrl()+": "+errorSummaryForSlicingAsHtml(ei.sliceInfo)));
           } else if (ei.definition.getSlicing().getRules().equals(ElementDefinition.SlicingRules.CLOSED)) {
-            rule(errors, IssueType.INVALID, ei.line(), ei.col(), ei.path, false, "This element does not match any known slice" + (profile == null ? "" : " for profile " + profile.getUrl() + " and slicing is CLOSED"));
+            rule(errors, IssueType.INVALID, ei.line(), ei.col(), ei.path, false, "This element does not match any known slice " + (profile == null ? "" : " defined in the profile " + profile.getUrl() + " and slicing is CLOSED: "+errorSummaryForSlicing(ei.sliceInfo)),
+                "This element does not match any known slice " + (profile == null ? "" : " defined in the profile " + profile.getUrl() + " and slicing is CLOSED: "+errorSummaryForSlicingAsHtml(ei.sliceInfo)));
           }
         } else {
           // Don't raise this if we're in an abstract profile, like Resource
           if (!profile.getAbstract())
-            hint(errors, IssueType.NOTSUPPORTED, ei.line(), ei.col(), ei.path, (ei.definition != null), "Could not verify slice for profile " + profile.getUrl());
+            rule(errors, IssueType.NOTSUPPORTED, ei.line(), ei.col(), ei.path, (ei.definition != null), "This element is not allowed by the profile "+profile.getUrl());
         }
       // TODO: Should get the order of elements correct when parsing elements that are XML attributes vs. elements
       boolean isXmlAttr = false;
@@ -5081,7 +5240,7 @@ private boolean isAnswerRequirementFulfilled(QuestionnaireItemComponent qItem, L
      checkInvariants(hostContext, errors, stack.getLiteralPath(), profile, definition, null, null, resource, element, onlyNonInherited);
   }
 
-  public boolean matchSlice(ValidatorHostContext hostContext, List<ValidationMessage> errors, StructureDefinition profile, NodeStack stack,
+  public boolean matchSlice(ValidatorHostContext hostContext, List<ValidationMessage> errors, List<ValidationMessage> sliceInfo, StructureDefinition profile, NodeStack stack,
       ElementDefinition slicer, boolean unsupportedSlicing, List<String> problematicPaths, int sliceOffset, int i, ElementDefinition ed,
       boolean childUnsupportedSlicing, ElementInfo ei) {
     boolean match = false;
@@ -5090,7 +5249,7 @@ private boolean isAnswerRequirementFulfilled(QuestionnaireItemComponent qItem, L
     } else {
       if (nameMatches(ei.name, tail(ed.getPath())))
         try {
-          match = sliceMatches(hostContext, ei.element, ei.path, slicer, ed, profile, errors, stack);
+          match = sliceMatches(hostContext, ei.element, ei.path, slicer, ed, profile, errors, sliceInfo, stack);
           if (match) {
             ei.slice = slicer;
 
@@ -5557,6 +5716,7 @@ private boolean isAnswerRequirementFulfilled(QuestionnaireItemComponent qItem, L
 
   public class ElementInfo {
 
+    public List<ValidationMessage> sliceInfo;
     public int index; // order of definition in overall order. all slices get the index of the slicing definition
     public int sliceindex; // order of the definition in the slices (if slice != null)
     public int count;

org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/validation/ValidationEngine.java

@@ -241,6 +241,7 @@ public class ValidationEngine implements IValidatorResourceFetcher {
   private boolean debug;
   private Set<String> loadedIgs = new HashSet<>();
   private IValidatorResourceFetcher fetcher;
+  private boolean assumeValidRestReferences;
 
   private class AsteriskFilter implements FilenameFilter {
     String dir;
@@ -432,7 +433,7 @@ public class ValidationEngine implements IValidatorResourceFetcher {
         return fetchFromUrl(src+(v == null ? "" : "|"+v), explore);
     }
     
-    File f = new File(src);
+    File f = new File(Utilities.path(src));
     if (f.exists()) {
       if (f.isDirectory() && new File(Utilities.path(src, "package.tgz")).exists())
         return loadPackage(new FileInputStream(Utilities.path(src, "package.tgz")), Utilities.path(src, "package.tgz"));
@@ -760,9 +761,10 @@ public class ValidationEngine implements IValidatorResourceFetcher {
         System.out.print("* load file: "+fn);
       }
       System.out.println(" - ignored due to error: "+(e.getMessage() == null ? " (null - NPE)" :  e.getMessage()));
-      if (debug)
+      if (debug || ((e.getMessage() != null && e.getMessage().contains("cannot be cast")))) {
         e.printStackTrace();
       }
+    }
     return r;
   }
 
@@ -1270,6 +1272,7 @@ public class ValidationEngine implements IValidatorResourceFetcher {
     validator.setAnyExtensionsAllowed(anyExtensionsAllowed);
     validator.setNoInvariantChecks(isNoInvariantChecks());
     validator.setValidationLanguage(language);
+    validator.setAssumeValidRestReferences(assumeValidRestReferences);
     validator.setFetcher(this);
     return validator;
   }
@@ -1689,6 +1692,10 @@ public class ValidationEngine implements IValidatorResourceFetcher {
     this.fetcher = fetcher;
   }
 
+  public void setAssumeValidRestReferences(boolean assumeValidRestReferences) {
+    this.assumeValidRestReferences = assumeValidRestReferences;
+  }
+
 
 }
 

org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/main/java/org/hl7/fhir/r5/validation/Validator.java

@@ -217,6 +217,8 @@ public class Validator {
       System.out.println("     referenced implementation guides or profiles as errors.  (Default is to only raise information messages.)");
       System.out.println("-hintAboutNonMustSupport: If present, raise hints if the instance contains data elements that are not");
       System.out.println("     marked as mustSupport=true.  Useful to identify elements included that may be ignored by recipients");
+      System.out.println("-assumeValidRestReferences: If present, assume that URLs that reference resources follow the RESTful URI pattern");
+      System.out.println("     and it is safe to infer the type from the URL");      
       System.out.println("");
       System.out.println("The validator also supports the param -proxy=[address]:[port] for if you use a proxy");
       System.out.println("");
@@ -414,6 +416,7 @@ public class Validator {
       String fhirpath = null;
       String snomedCT = "900000000000207008";
       boolean doDebug = false;
+      boolean assumeValidRestReferences = false;
 
       // load the parameters - so order doesn't matter
       for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
@@ -447,6 +450,8 @@ public class Validator {
             questionnaires.add(args[++i]);
         } else if (args[i].equals("-native")) {
           doNative = true;          
+        } else if (args[i].equals("-assumeValidRestReferences")) {
+          assumeValidRestReferences = true;          
         } else if (args[i].equals("-debug")) {
           doDebug = true;
         } else if (args[i].equals("-sct")) {
@@ -577,6 +582,7 @@ public class Validator {
       validator.setAnyExtensionsAllowed(anyExtensionsAllowed);
       validator.setLanguage(lang);
       validator.setSnomedExtension(snomedCT);
+      validator.setAssumeValidRestReferences(assumeValidRestReferences);
 
       IParser x;
       if (output != null && output.endsWith(".json"))

org.hl7.fhir.validation/src/test/java/org/hl7/fhir/validation/tests/ValidationTestSuite.java

@@ -177,6 +177,7 @@ public class ValidationTestSuite implements IEvaluationContext, IValidatorResour
     } else {
       val.setAllowExamples(true);      
     }
+    val.setAssumeValidRestReferences(content.has("assumeValidRestReferences") ? content.get("assumeValidRestReferences").getAsBoolean() : false);
     if (name.endsWith(".json"))
       val.validate(null, errors, IOUtils.toInputStream(testCaseContent, Charsets.UTF_8), FhirFormat.JSON);
     else
@@ -200,6 +201,7 @@ public class ValidationTestSuite implements IEvaluationContext, IValidatorResour
       v = content.has("version") ? content.get("version").getAsString() : Constants.VERSION;
       StructureDefinition sd = loadProfile(filename, contents, v, messages);
       val.getContext().cacheResource(sd);    
+      val.setAssumeValidRestReferences(profile.has("assumeValidRestReferences") ? profile.get("assumeValidRestReferences").getAsBoolean() : false);
       List<ValidationMessage> errorsProfile = new ArrayList<ValidationMessage>();
       if (name.endsWith(".json"))
         val.validate(null, errorsProfile, IOUtils.toInputStream(testCaseContent, Charsets.UTF_8), FhirFormat.JSON, asSdList(sd));

pom.xml

@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@
     each other. It is fine to bump the point version of this POM without affecting
     HAPI FHIR.
     -->
-    <version>4.1.54-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    <version>4.1.63-SNAPSHOT</version>
 
     <properties>
         <hapi_fhir_version>4.1.0</hapi_fhir_version>
-        <validator_test_case_version>1.0.35-SNAPSHOT</validator_test_case_version>
+        <validator_test_case_version>1.0.42-SNAPSHOT</validator_test_case_version>
     </properties>
 
     <artifactId>org.hl7.fhir.core</artifactId>

release.bat

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 @echo off
 
-set oldver=4.1.53
+set oldver=4.1.62
-set newver=4.1.54
+set newver=4.1.63
 
 echo ..
 echo =====================================================================
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ echo ..
 
 call mvn versions:set -DnewVersion=%newver%-SNAPSHOT
 
-call git commit -a -m "Release new version"
+call git commit -t v%newver% -a -m "Release new version %newver%"
+
 call git push origin master
 call "C:\tools\fnr.exe" -dir "C:\work\org.hl7.fhir\build" -fileMask "*.xml" -find "%oldver%-SNAPSHOT" -replace "%newver%-SNAPSHOT" -count 8
 call "C:\tools\fnr.exe" -dir "C:\work\org.hl7.fhir\fhir-ig-publisher" -fileMask "*.xml" -find "%oldver%-SNAPSHOT" -replace "%newver%-SNAPSHOT" -count 2
@@ -22,6 +23,9 @@ IF %ERRORLEVEL% NEQ 0 (
   GOTO DONE
 )
 
+call "C:\tools\versionNotes.exe" -fileName C:\work\org.hl7.fhir\latest-ig-publisher\release-notes-validator.md -version %newver% -fileDest C:\temp\current-release-notes-validator.md -url https://fhir.github.io/latest-ig-publisher/org.hl7.fhir.validator.jar -maven https://oss.sonatype.org/service/local/artifact/maven/redirect?r=snapshots&g=ca.uhn.hapi.fhir&a=org.hl7.fhir.validation.cli&v=%newver%-SNAPSHOT&e=jar
+
+
 copy org.hl7.fhir.validation.cli\target\org.hl7.fhir.validation.cli-%newver%-SNAPSHOT.jar ..\latest-ig-publisher\org.hl7.fhir.validator.jar
 cd ..\latest-ig-publisher
 call git commit -a -m "Release new version %newver%-SNAPSHOT"
@@ -29,7 +33,9 @@ call git push origin master
 cd ..\org.hl7.fhir.core
 
 call python c:\tools\zulip-api\zulip\zulip\send.py --stream committers/notification --subject "java core" -m "New Java Core v%newver%-SNAPSHOT released. New Validator at https://oss.sonatype.org/service/local/artifact/maven/redirect?r=snapshots&g=ca.uhn.hapi.fhir&a=org.hl7.fhir.validation.cli&v=%newver%-SNAPSHOT&e=jar, and also deployed at https://fhir.github.io/latest-ig-publisher/org.hl7.fhir.validator.jar" --config-file zuliprc
-call python c:\tools\zulip-api\zulip\zulip\send.py --stream tooling/releases --subject "Validator" -m "New Validator @ https://fhir.github.io/latest-ig-publisher/org.hl7.fhir.validator.jar (v%newver%)" --config-file zuliprc
+call python c:\tools\zulip-api\zulip\zulip\send.py --stream tooling/releases --subject "Validator" --config-file zuliprc < C:\temp\current-release-notes-validator.md 
+
+del C:\temp\current-release-notes-validator.md 
 
 :DONE
 echo ===============================================================