--- title: "Orchestration" keywords: orchestration, deploy, kubernetes, swarm, description: Get oriented on some basics of Docker and install Docker Desktop. --- The portability and reproducibility of a containerized process mean we have an opportunity to move and scale our containerized applications across clouds and datacenters. Containers effectively guarantee that those applications run the same way anywhere, allowing us to quickly and easily take advantage of all these environments. Furthermore, as we scale our applications up, we'll want some tooling to help automate the maintenance of those applications, able to replace failed containers automatically, and manage the rollout of updates and reconfigurations of those containers during their lifecycle. Tools to manage, scale, and maintain containerized applications are called _orchestrators_, and the most common examples of these are _Kubernetes_ and _Docker Swarm_. Development environment deployments of both of these orchestrators are provided by Docker Desktop, which we'll use throughout this guide to create our first orchestrated, containerized application. The advanced modules teach you how to: 1. [Set up and use a Kubernetes environment on your development machine](kube-deploy.md) 2. [Set up and use a Swarm environment on your development machine](swarm-deploy.md) ## Enable Kubernetes Docker Desktop will set up Kubernetes for you quickly and easily. Follow the setup and validation instructions appropriate for your operating system:
{% capture local-content %} ### Mac 1. After installing Docker Desktop, you should see a Docker icon in your menu bar. Click on it, and navigate to **Preferences** > **Kubernetes**. 2. Check the checkbox labeled **Enable Kubernetes**, and click **Apply & Restart**. Docker Desktop will automatically set up Kubernetes for you. You'll know that Kubernetes has been successfully enabled when you see a green light beside 'Kubernetes _running_' in the Preferences menu. 3. In order to confirm that Kubernetes is up and running, create a text file called `pod.yaml` with the following content: ```yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: demo spec: containers: - name: testpod image: alpine:3.5 command: ["ping", "8.8.8.8"] ``` This describes a pod with a single container, isolating a simple ping to 8.8.8.8. 4. In a terminal, navigate to where you created `pod.yaml` and create your pod: ```shell kubectl apply -f pod.yaml ``` 5. Check that your pod is up and running: ```shell kubectl get pods ``` You should see something like: ```shell NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE demo 1/1 Running 0 4s ``` 6. Check that you get the logs you'd expect for a ping process: ```shell kubectl logs demo ``` You should see the output of a healthy ping process: ```shell PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: seq=0 ttl=37 time=21.393 ms 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: seq=1 ttl=37 time=15.320 ms 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: seq=2 ttl=37 time=11.111 ms ... ``` 7. Finally, tear down your test pod: ```shell kubectl delete -f pod.yaml ``` {% endcapture %} {{ local-content | markdownify }}
{% capture localwin-content %} ### Windows 1. After installing Docker Desktop, you should see a Docker icon in your system tray. Right-click on it, and navigate **Settings** > **Kubernetes**. 2. Check the checkbox labeled **Enable Kubernetes**, and click **Apply & Restart**. Docker Desktop will automatically set up Kubernetes for you. You'll know that Kubernetes has been successfully enabled when you see a green light beside 'Kubernetes _running_' in the **Settings** menu. 3. In order to confirm that Kubernetes is up and running, create a text file called `pod.yaml` with the following content: ```yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: name: demo spec: containers: - name: testpod image: alpine:3.5 command: ["ping", "8.8.8.8"] ``` This describes a pod with a single container, isolating a simple ping to 8.8.8.8. 4. In PowerShell, navigate to where you created `pod.yaml` and create your pod: ```shell kubectl apply -f pod.yaml ``` 5. Check that your pod is up and running: ```shell kubectl get pods ``` You should see something like: ```shell NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE demo 1/1 Running 0 4s ``` 6. Check that you get the logs you'd expect for a ping process: ```shell kubectl logs demo ``` You should see the output of a healthy ping process: ```shell PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: seq=0 ttl=37 time=21.393 ms 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: seq=1 ttl=37 time=15.320 ms 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: seq=2 ttl=37 time=11.111 ms ... ``` 7. Finally, tear down your test pod: ```shell kubectl delete -f pod.yaml ``` {% endcapture %} {{ localwin-content | markdownify }}
## Enable Docker Swarm Docker Desktop runs primarily on Docker Engine, which has everything you need to run a Swarm built in. Follow the setup and validation instructions appropriate for your operating system:
{% capture local-content %} ### Mac 1. Open a terminal, and initialize Docker Swarm mode: ```shell docker swarm init ``` If all goes well, you should see a message similar to the following: ```shell Swarm initialized: current node (tjjggogqpnpj2phbfbz8jd5oq) is now a manager. To add a worker to this swarm, run the following command: docker swarm join --token SWMTKN-1-3e0hh0jd5t4yjg209f4g5qpowbsczfahv2dea9a1ay2l8787cf-2h4ly330d0j917ocvzw30j5x9 192.168.65.3:2377 To add a manager to this swarm, run 'docker swarm join-token manager' and follow the instructions. ``` 2. Run a simple Docker service that uses an alpine-based filesystem, and isolates a ping to 8.8.8.8: ```shell docker service create --name demo alpine:3.5 ping 8.8.8.8 ``` 3. Check that your service created one running container: ```shell docker service ps demo ``` You should see something like: ```shell ID NAME IMAGE NODE DESIRED STATE CURRENT STATE ERROR PORTS 463j2s3y4b5o demo.1 alpine:3.5 docker-desktop Running Running 8 seconds ago ``` 4. Check that you get the logs you'd expect for a ping process: ```shell docker service logs demo ``` You should see the output of a healthy ping process: ```shell demo.1.463j2s3y4b5o@docker-desktop | PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8): 56 data bytes demo.1.463j2s3y4b5o@docker-desktop | 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: seq=0 ttl=37 time=13.005 ms demo.1.463j2s3y4b5o@docker-desktop | 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: seq=1 ttl=37 time=13.847 ms demo.1.463j2s3y4b5o@docker-desktop | 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: seq=2 ttl=37 time=41.296 ms ... ``` 5. Finally, tear down your test service: ```shell docker service rm demo ``` {% endcapture %} {{ local-content | markdownify }}
{% capture localwin-content %} ### Windows 1. Open a powershell, and initialize Docker Swarm mode: ```shell docker swarm init ``` If all goes well, you should see a message similar to the following: ```shell Swarm initialized: current node (tjjggogqpnpj2phbfbz8jd5oq) is now a manager. To add a worker to this swarm, run the following command: docker swarm join --token SWMTKN-1-3e0hh0jd5t4yjg209f4g5qpowbsczfahv2dea9a1ay2l8787cf-2h4ly330d0j917ocvzw30j5x9 192.168.65.3:2377 To add a manager to this swarm, run 'docker swarm join-token manager' and follow the instructions. ``` 2. Run a simple Docker service that uses an alpine-based filesystem, and isolates a ping to 8.8.8.8: ```shell docker service create --name demo alpine:3.5 ping 8.8.8.8 ``` 3. Check that your service created one running container: ```shell docker service ps demo ``` You should see something like: ```shell ID NAME IMAGE NODE DESIRED STATE CURRENT STATE ERROR PORTS 463j2s3y4b5o demo.1 alpine:3.5 docker-desktop Running Running 8 seconds ago ``` 4. Check that you get the logs you'd expect for a ping process: ```shell docker service logs demo ``` You should see the output of a healthy ping process: ```shell demo.1.463j2s3y4b5o@docker-desktop | PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8): 56 data bytes demo.1.463j2s3y4b5o@docker-desktop | 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: seq=0 ttl=37 time=13.005 ms demo.1.463j2s3y4b5o@docker-desktop | 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: seq=1 ttl=37 time=13.847 ms demo.1.463j2s3y4b5o@docker-desktop | 64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: seq=2 ttl=37 time=41.296 ms ... ``` 5. Finally, tear down your test service: ```shell docker service rm demo ``` {% endcapture %} {{ localwin-content | markdownify }}
## Conclusion At this point, you've confirmed that you can run simple containerized workloads in Kubernetes and Swarm. The next step will be to write the Kubernetes yaml that describes how to run and manage these containers on Kubernetes. [On to deploying to Kubernetes >>](kube-deploy.md){: class="button outline-btn" style="margin-bottom: 30px; margin-right: 200%"} To learn how to write the stack file to help you run and manage containers on Swarm, see [Deploying to Swarm](swarm-deploy.md). ## CLI references Further documentation for all CLI commands used in this article are available here: - [`kubectl apply`](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#apply) - [`kubectl get`](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#get) - [`kubectl logs`](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#logs) - [`kubectl delete`](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands#delete) - [`docker swarm init`](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/swarm_init/) - [`docker service *`](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/service/)