2020-01-13 10:37:43 -08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								# The hero editor
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-02-28 08:08:59 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								# 英雄编辑器
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								The application now has a basic title.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Next you will create a new component to display hero information
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								and place that component in the application shell.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-02-28 08:08:59 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								应用程序现在有了基本的标题。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-09 13:30:42 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								接下来你要创建一个新的组件来显示英雄信息并且把这个组件放到应用程序的外壳里去。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-08-29 11:01:56 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## Create the heroes component
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-08-29 11:01:56 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-02-28 08:08:59 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## 创建英雄列表组件
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Using the Angular CLI, generate a new component named `heroes` .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-03-30 20:04:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								使用 Angular CLI 创建一个名为 `heroes`  的新组件。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< code-example  language = "sh"  class = "code-shell" > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  ng generate component heroes
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< / code-example > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-08-26 09:53:36 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								The CLI creates a new folder, `src/app/heroes/` , and generates
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								the three files of the  `HeroesComponent`  along with a test file.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-06-04 22:02:31 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								CLI 创建了一个新的文件夹 `src/app/heroes/` ,并生成了 `HeroesComponent`  的四个文件。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								The `HeroesComponent`  class file is as follows:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								`HeroesComponent`  的类文件如下:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-07-20 20:40:17 +03:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< code-example  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/heroes/heroes.component.ts"  region = "v1"  header = "app/heroes/heroes.component.ts (initial version)" > < / code-example > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								You always import the `Component`  symbol from the Angular core library
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								and annotate the component class with `@Component` .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								你要从 Angular 核心库中导入 `Component`  符号,并为组件类加上 `@Component`  装饰器。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								`@Component`  is a decorator function that specifies the Angular metadata for the component.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								`@Component`  是个装饰器函数,用于为该组件指定 Angular 所需的元数据。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								The CLI generated three metadata properties:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								CLI 自动生成了三个元数据属性:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-02-12 12:58:42 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								1.  `selector` —  the component's CSS element selector
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-03 21:06:01 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									
								 
							
							
								   `selector` —  组件的选择器(  CSS 元素选择器)
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								1.  `templateUrl` —  the location of the component's template file.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-03 21:06:01 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								   `templateUrl` —  组件模板文件的位置。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								1.  `styleUrls` —  the location of the component's private CSS styles.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								   `styleUrls` —  组件私有 CSS 样式表文件的位置。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								{@a  selector}
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								The [CSS element selector ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Type_selectors ),
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								`'app-heroes'` , matches the name of the HTML element that identifies this component within a parent component's template.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								[CSS 元素选择器 ](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Type_selectors ) `app-heroes`  用来在父组件的模板中匹配 HTML 元素的名称,以识别出该组件。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								The `ngOnInit()`  is a [lifecycle hook ](guide/lifecycle-hooks#oninit ).
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Angular calls `ngOnInit()`  shortly after creating a component.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								It's a good place to put initialization logic.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-01-11 18:10:12 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									
								 
							
							
								`ngOnInit()`  是一个[生命周期钩子 ](guide/lifecycle-hooks#oninit ),  Angular 在创建完组件后很快就会调用 `ngOnInit()` 。这里是放置初始化逻辑的好地方。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Always `export`  the component class so you can `import`  it elsewhere ... like in the `AppModule` .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								始终要 `export`  这个组件类,以便在其它地方(比如 `AppModule` )导入它。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								### Add a `hero` property
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								### 添加 `hero` 属性
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Add a `hero`  property to the `HeroesComponent`  for a hero named "Windstorm."
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								往 `HeroesComponent`  中添加一个 `hero`  属性,用来表示一个名叫 “Windstorm” 的英雄。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-07-20 20:40:17 +03:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< code-example  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/heroes/heroes.component.ts"  region = "add-hero"  header = "heroes.component.ts (hero property)" > < / code-example > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-03-27 16:08:53 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								### Show the hero
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								### 显示英雄
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Open the `heroes.component.html`  template file.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Delete the default text generated by the Angular CLI and
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								replace it with a data binding to the new `hero`  property.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								打开模板文件 `heroes.component.html` 。删除 Angular CLI 自动生成的默认内容,改为到 `hero`  属性的数据绑定。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-07-20 20:40:17 +03:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< code-example  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/heroes/heroes.component.1.html"  header = "heroes.component.html"  region = "show-hero-1" > < / code-example > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## Show the `HeroesComponent` view
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## 显示 `HeroesComponent` 视图
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								To display the `HeroesComponent` , you must add it to the template of the shell `AppComponent` .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								要显示 `HeroesComponent`  你必须把它加到壳组件 `AppComponent`  的模板中。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Remember that `app-heroes`  is the [element selector ](#selector ) for the `HeroesComponent` .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								So add an `<app-heroes>`  element to the `AppComponent`  template file, just below the title.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								别忘了,`app-heroes`  就是 `HeroesComponent`  的 [元素选择器 ](#selector )。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								所以,只要把 `<app-heroes>`  元素添加到 `AppComponent`  的模板文件中就可以了,就放在标题下方。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-07-20 20:40:17 +03:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< code-example  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/app.component.html"  header = "src/app/app.component.html" > < / code-example > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-03-27 16:08:53 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Assuming that the CLI `ng serve`  command is still running,
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								the browser should refresh and display both the application title and the hero name.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								如果 CLI 的 `ng serve`  命令仍在运行,浏览器就会自动刷新,并且同时显示出应用的标题和英雄的名字。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-12-07 19:50:31 +05:30 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## Create a Hero interface
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## 创建 `Hero` 类
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								A real hero is more than a name.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								真实的英雄当然不止一个名字。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-12-07 19:50:31 +05:30 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Create a `Hero`  interface in its own file in the `src/app`  folder.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Give it `id`  and `name`  properties.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								在 `src/app`  文件夹中为 `Hero`  类创建一个文件,并添加 `id`  和 `name`  属性。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-01-11 18:10:12 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< code-example  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/hero.ts"   header = "src/app/hero.ts" > < / code-example > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-12-07 19:50:31 +05:30 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Return to the `HeroesComponent`  class and import the `Hero`  interface.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								回到 `HeroesComponent`  类,并且导入这个 `Hero`  类。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Refactor the component's `hero`  property to be of type `Hero` .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Initialize it with an `id`  of `1`  and the name `Windstorm` .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								把组件的 `hero`  属性的类型重构为 `Hero` 。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-20 17:09:18 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								然后以 `1`  为 `id` 、以 “Windstorm” 为名字初始化它。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								The revised `HeroesComponent`  class file should look like this:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-02-28 08:08:59 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								修改后的 `HeroesComponent`  类应该是这样的:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-07-20 20:40:17 +03:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< code-example  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/heroes/heroes.component.ts"  header = "src/app/heroes/heroes.component.ts" > < / code-example > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								The page no longer displays properly because you changed the hero from a string to an object.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								页面显示变得不正常了,因为你刚刚把 `hero`  从字符串改成了对象。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## Show the hero object
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## 显示 `hero` 对象
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Update the binding in the template to announce the hero's name
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								and show both `id`  and `name`  in a details layout like this:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								修改模板中的绑定,以显示英雄的名字,并在详情中显示 `id`  和 `name` ,就像这样:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-07-20 20:40:17 +03:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< code-example  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/heroes/heroes.component.1.html"  region = "show-hero-2"  header = "heroes.component.html (HeroesComponent's template)" > < / code-example > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-08-26 09:53:36 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								The browser refreshes and displays the hero's information.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-02-28 08:08:59 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								浏览器自动刷新,并显示这位英雄的信息。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## Format with the _UppercasePipe_
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## 使用 `UppercasePipe` 进行格式化
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Modify the `hero.name`  binding like this.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-07 16:48:44 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								把 `hero.name`  的绑定修改成这样:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< code-example  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/heroes/heroes.component.html"  header = "src/app/heroes/heroes.component.html"  region = "pipe" > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-03-27 16:08:53 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< / code-example > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								The browser refreshes and now the hero's name is displayed in capital letters.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								浏览器刷新了。现在,英雄的名字显示成了大写字母。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								The word `uppercase`  in the interpolation binding,
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								right after the pipe operator ( | ),
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								activates the built-in `UppercasePipe` .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								绑定表达式中的 `uppercase`  位于管道操作符( | )的右边,用来调用内置管道 `UppercasePipe` 。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								[Pipes ](guide/pipes ) are a good way to format strings, currency amounts, dates and other display data.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Angular ships with several built-in pipes and you can create your own.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								[管道 ](guide/pipes ) 是格式化字符串、金额、日期和其它显示数据的好办法。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Angular 发布了一些内置管道,而且你还可以创建自己的管道。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## Edit the hero
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## 编辑英雄名字
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-03-27 16:08:53 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Users should be able to edit the hero name in an `<input>`  textbox.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-20 17:09:18 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								用户应该能在一个 `<input>`  输入框中编辑英雄的名字。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-02-28 08:08:59 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-03-27 16:08:53 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								The textbox should both _display_  the hero's `name`  property
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								and _update_  that property as the user types.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								That means data flows from the component class _out to the screen_  and
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								from the screen _back to the class_ .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-20 17:09:18 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								当用户输入时,这个输入框应该能同时*显示*和*修改*英雄的 `name`  属性。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-02-28 08:08:59 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								也就是说,数据流从组件类**流出到屏幕**,并且从屏幕**流回到组件类**。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								To automate that data flow, setup a two-way data binding between the `<input>`  form element and the `hero.name`  property.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-20 17:09:18 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								要想让这种数据流动自动化,就要在表单元素 `<input>`  和组件的 `hero.name`  属性之间建立双向数据绑定。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-03-27 16:08:53 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								### Two-way binding
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								### 双向绑定
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Refactor the details area in the `HeroesComponent`  template so it looks like this:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-29 21:46:46 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								把模板中的英雄详情区重构成这样:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-07-20 20:40:17 +03:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< code-example  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/heroes/heroes.component.1.html"  region = "name-input"  header = "src/app/heroes/heroes.component.html (HeroesComponent's template)" > < / code-example > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								**[(ngModel)]** is Angular's two-way data binding syntax.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-02-28 08:08:59 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								**[(ngModel)]** 是 Angular 的双向数据绑定语法。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Here it binds the `hero.name`  property to the HTML textbox so that data can flow _in both directions:_  from the `hero.name`  property to the textbox, and from the textbox back to the `hero.name` .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-02-28 08:08:59 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									
								 
							
							
								这里把 `hero.name`  属性绑定到了 HTML 的 textbox 元素上,以便数据流可以**双向流动**:从 `hero.name`  属性流动到 textbox,  并且从 textbox 流回到 `hero.name`  。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								### The missing _FormsModule_
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-02-28 08:08:59 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								### 缺少 `FormsModule`
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Notice that the app stopped working when you added `[(ngModel)]` .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-09 13:30:42 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								注意,当你加上 `[(ngModel)]`  之后这个应用无法工作了。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								To see the error, open the browser development tools and look in the console
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								for a message like
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-02-28 08:08:59 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								打开浏览器的开发工具,就会在控制台中看到如下信息:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< code-example  language = "sh"  class = "code-shell" > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Template parse errors:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Can't bind to 'ngModel' since it isn't a known property of 'input'.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< / code-example > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Although `ngModel`  is a valid Angular directive, it isn't available by default.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								虽然 `ngModel`  是一个有效的 Angular 指令,不过它在默认情况下是不可用的。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								It belongs to the optional `FormsModule`  and you must _opt-in_  to using it.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-20 17:09:18 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								它属于一个可选模块 `FormsModule` ,你必须自行添加此模块才能使用该指令。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## _AppModule_
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-03-27 16:08:53 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Angular needs to know how the pieces of your application fit together
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								and what other files and libraries the app requires.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								This information is called _metadata_ .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Angular 需要知道如何把应用程序的各个部分组合到一起,以及该应用需要哪些其它文件和库。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									
								 
							
							
								这些信息被称为*元数据(  metadata)  *。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Some of the metadata is in the `@Component`  decorators that you added to your component classes.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-04 10:58:20 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Other critical metadata is in [`@NgModule` ](guide/ngmodules ) decorators.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								有些元数据位于 `@Component`  装饰器中,你会把它加到组件类上。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								另一些关键性的元数据位于 [`@NgModule` ](guide/ngmodules ) 装饰器中。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-05-17 13:29:50 -07:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								The most important `@NgModule`  decorator annotates the top-level **AppModule**  class.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-03-28 16:20:33 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								最重要的 `@NgModule`  装饰器位于顶层类 **AppModule**  上。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								The Angular CLI generated an `AppModule`  class in `src/app/app.module.ts`  when it created the project.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								This is where you _opt-in_  to the `FormsModule` .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Angular CLI 在创建项目的时候就在 `src/app/app.module.ts`  中生成了一个 `AppModule`  类。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								这里也就是你要添加 `FormsModule`  的地方。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								### Import _FormsModule_
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-03-27 16:08:53 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								### 导入 `FormsModule`
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Open `AppModule`  (`app.module.ts` ) and import the `FormsModule`  symbol from the `@angular/forms`  library.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								打开 `AppModule`  (`app.module.ts` ) 并从 `@angular/forms`  库中导入 `FormsModule`  符号。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-10-11 13:29:59 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< code-example  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/app.module.ts"  header = "app.module.ts (FormsModule symbol import)" 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								 region="formsmodule-js-import">
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-03-27 16:08:53 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< / code-example > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Then add `FormsModule`  to the `@NgModule`  metadata's `imports`  array, which contains a list of external modules that the app needs.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								然后把 `FormsModule`  添加到 `@NgModule`  元数据的 `imports`  数组中,这里是该应用所需外部模块的列表。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< code-example  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/app.module.ts"  header = "app.module.ts ( @NgModule  imports)" 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								region="ng-imports">
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< / code-example > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								When the browser refreshes, the app should work again. You can edit the hero's name and see the changes reflected immediately in the `<h2>`  above the textbox.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-03-27 16:08:53 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-20 17:09:18 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								刷新浏览器,应用又能正常工作了。你可以编辑英雄的名字,并且会看到这个改动立刻体现在这个输入框上方的 `<h2>`  中。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-07 15:42:49 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								### Declare `HeroesComponent`
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								### 声明 `HeroesComponent`
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-04 10:58:20 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Every component must be declared in _exactly one_  [NgModule ](guide/ngmodules ).
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								每个组件都必须声明在(且只能声明在)一个 [NgModule ](guide/ngmodules ) 中。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								_You_ didn't declare the `HeroesComponent` .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								So why did the application work?
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								*你*没有声明过 `HeroesComponent` ,可为什么本应用却正常呢?
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								It worked because the Angular CLI declared `HeroesComponent`  in the `AppModule`  when it generated that component.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								这是因为 Angular CLI 在生成 `HeroesComponent`  组件的时候就自动把它加到了 `AppModule`  中。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Open `src/app/app.module.ts`  and find `HeroesComponent`  imported near the top.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-03 21:06:01 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								打开 `src/app/app.module.ts`  你就会发现 `HeroesComponent`  已经在顶部导入过了。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< code-example  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/app.module.ts"  header = "src/app/app.module.ts"  region = "heroes-import"  > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< / code-example > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-03-27 16:08:53 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								The `HeroesComponent`  is declared in the `@NgModule.declarations`  array.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-03 21:06:01 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								`HeroesComponent`  也已经声明在了 `@NgModule.declarations`  数组中。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< code-example  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/app.module.ts"  header = "src/app/app.module.ts"  region = "declarations" > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< / code-example > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Note that `AppModule`   declares both application components, `AppComponent`  and `HeroesComponent` .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								注意 `AppModule`  声明了应用中的所有组件,`AppComponent`  和 `HeroesComponent` 。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## Final code review
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## 查看最终代码
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								Your app should look like this < live-example > < / live-example > . Here are the code files discussed on this page.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								应用跑起来应该是这样的:< live-example > < / live-example > 。本页中所提及的代码如下:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< code-tabs > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-10-11 13:29:59 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  < code-pane  header = "src/app/heroes/heroes.component.ts"  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/heroes/heroes.component.ts" > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  < / code-pane > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-03-27 16:08:53 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-10-11 13:29:59 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  < code-pane  header = "src/app/heroes/heroes.component.html"  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/heroes/heroes.component.html" > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  < / code-pane > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  < code-pane  header = "src/app/app.module.ts" 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  path="toh-pt1/src/app/app.module.ts">
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  < / code-pane > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-02-22 18:09:39 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-10-11 13:29:59 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  < code-pane  header = "src/app/app.component.ts"  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/app.component.ts" > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  < / code-pane > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-10-11 13:29:59 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  < code-pane  header = "src/app/app.component.html"  path = "toh-pt1/src/app/app.component.html" > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  < / code-pane > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-04-01 01:57:13 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-01-31 14:25:30 -05:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  < code-pane  header = "src/app/hero.ts" 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  path="toh-pt1/src/app/hero.ts">
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  < / code-pane > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								< / code-tabs > 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-09-27 16:45:47 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## Summary
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-07-23 11:51:25 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-03 21:06:01 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								## 小结
 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								*  You used the CLI to create a second `HeroesComponent` .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-03 21:06:01 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-24 13:12:42 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								   你使用 CLI 创建了第二个组件 `HeroesComponent` 。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								*  You displayed the `HeroesComponent`  by adding it to the `AppComponent`  shell. 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-03 21:06:01 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-24 13:12:42 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								   你把 `HeroesComponent`  添加到了壳组件 `AppComponent`  中,以便显示它。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								*  You applied the `UppercasePipe`  to format the name.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-03 21:06:01 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-24 13:12:42 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								   你使用 `UppercasePipe`  来格式化英雄的名字。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								*  You used two-way data binding with the `ngModel`  directive.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-03 21:06:01 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-24 13:12:42 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								   你用 `ngModel`  指令实现了双向数据绑定。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								*  You learned about the `AppModule` .
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-03 21:06:01 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-24 13:12:42 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								   你知道了 `AppModule` 。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								*  You imported the `FormsModule`  in the `AppModule`  so that Angular would recognize and apply the `ngModel`  directive. 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-03 21:06:01 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-24 13:12:42 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								   你把 `FormsModule`  导入了 `AppModule` ,以便 Angular 能识别并应用 `ngModel`  指令。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2017-11-06 19:02:18 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								*  You learned the importance of declaring components in the `AppModule` 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-03 21:06:01 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								and appreciated that the CLI declared it for you.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-08 17:07:55 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-03-24 16:33:17 +08:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
									 
								
							 
							
								 
							 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								   你知道了把组件声明到 `AppModule`  是很重要的,并认识到 CLI 会自动帮你声明它。