diff --git a/modules/@angular/compiler-cli/integrationtest/test/i18n_spec.ts b/modules/@angular/compiler-cli/integrationtest/test/i18n_spec.ts
index 55a95f11f2..f382332f46 100644
--- a/modules/@angular/compiler-cli/integrationtest/test/i18n_spec.ts
+++ b/modules/@angular/compiler-cli/integrationtest/test/i18n_spec.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ describe('template i18n extraction output', () => {
   const outDir = '';
 
   it('should extract i18n messages', () => {
-    const EXPECTED = `<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
+    const EXPECTED = `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
 <!DOCTYPE messagebundle [
 <!ELEMENT messagebundle (msg)*>
 <!ATTLIST messagebundle class CDATA #IMPLIED>
diff --git a/modules/@angular/compiler/src/i18n/serializers/xml_helper.ts b/modules/@angular/compiler/src/i18n/serializers/xml_helper.ts
index 5e0354520b..d5d142581d 100644
--- a/modules/@angular/compiler/src/i18n/serializers/xml_helper.ts
+++ b/modules/@angular/compiler/src/i18n/serializers/xml_helper.ts
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class _Visitor implements IVisitor {
   visitText(text: Text): string { return text.value; }
 
   visitDeclaration(decl: Declaration): string {
-    return `<? xml${this._serializeAttributes(decl.attrs)} ?>`;
+    return `<?xml${this._serializeAttributes(decl.attrs)} ?>`;
   }
 
   private _serializeAttributes(attrs: {[k: string]: string}) {
diff --git a/modules/@angular/compiler/test/i18n/serializers/xmb_spec.ts b/modules/@angular/compiler/test/i18n/serializers/xmb_spec.ts
index 36d1302d32..817351737c 100644
--- a/modules/@angular/compiler/test/i18n/serializers/xmb_spec.ts
+++ b/modules/@angular/compiler/test/i18n/serializers/xmb_spec.ts
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ export function main(): void {
 <p i18n="m|d">foo</p>
 <p i18n>{ count, plural, =0 { { sex, gender, other {<p>deeply nested</p>}} }}</p>`;
 
-    const XMB = `<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
+    const XMB = `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
 <!DOCTYPE messagebundle [
 <!ELEMENT messagebundle (msg)*>
 <!ATTLIST messagebundle class CDATA #IMPLIED>
diff --git a/modules/@angular/compiler/test/i18n/serializers/xml_helper_spec.ts b/modules/@angular/compiler/test/i18n/serializers/xml_helper_spec.ts
index 49b4e14917..98972f05cf 100644
--- a/modules/@angular/compiler/test/i18n/serializers/xml_helper_spec.ts
+++ b/modules/@angular/compiler/test/i18n/serializers/xml_helper_spec.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export function main(): void {
   describe('XML helper', () => {
     it('should serialize XML declaration', () => {
       expect(xml.serialize([new xml.Declaration({version: '1.0'})]))
-          .toEqual('<? xml version="1.0" ?>');
+          .toEqual('<?xml version="1.0" ?>');
     });
 
     it('should serialize text node',
diff --git a/modules/@angular/compiler/test/i18n/serializers/xtb_spec.ts b/modules/@angular/compiler/test/i18n/serializers/xtb_spec.ts
index f8f8e97a84..6511a3c2b3 100644
--- a/modules/@angular/compiler/test/i18n/serializers/xtb_spec.ts
+++ b/modules/@angular/compiler/test/i18n/serializers/xtb_spec.ts
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ export function main(): void {
       it('should replace ICU placeholders with their translations', () => {
         const HTML = `<div i18n>-{ count, plural, =0 {<p>bar</p>}}-</div>`;
 
-        const XTB = `<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
+        const XTB = `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
 <translationbundle>
   <translation id="eb404e202fed4846e25e7d9ac1fcb719fe4da257">*<ph name="ICU"/>*</translation>
   <translation id="fc92b9b781194a02ab773129c8c5a7fc0735efd7">{ count, plural, =1 {<ph name="START_PARAGRAPH"/>rab<ph name="CLOSE_PARAGRAPH"/>}}</translation>
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ export function main(): void {
 <div i18n="m|d">foo</div>
 <div i18n>{ count, plural, =0 {{ sex, gender, other {<p>bar</p>}} }}</div>`;
 
-        const XTB = `<? xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
+        const XTB = `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
 <translationbundle>
   <translation id="7103b4b13b616270a0044efade97d8b4f96f2ca6"><ph name="INTERPOLATION"/><ph name="START_BOLD_TEXT"/>rab<ph name="CLOSE_BOLD_TEXT"/> oof</translation>
   <translation id="fc92b9b781194a02ab773129c8c5a7fc0735efd7">{ count, plural, =1 {<ph name="START_PARAGRAPH"/>rab<ph name="CLOSE_PARAGRAPH"/>}}</translation>