Change `ngFor=“#…”` to `ngFor=“let…` in code. All are .dart files except for `app_component.html` which also has changes for: - `<inpuf var-foo…`> to `<input ref-foo…>` - `#docregion` tag name updates from var-foo to ref-foo. - Other misc updates to minimize diffs with TS version of file, whitespace differences were ignored. + Minor update to sync up Dart prose with TS prose. + Used https://github.com/angular/angular/wiki/Angular-2-Dart-Transformer#resol ved_identifiers to solve https://github.com/angular/angular.io/issues/1033 Guide/pipes not updated as it will be rolled back to beta.15 in PR #1220.
		
			
				
	
	
		
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			408 lines
		
	
	
		
			20 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Plaintext
		
	
	
	
	
	
| include ../_util-fns
 | ||
| 
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'intro')
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| 
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| :marked
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|   The complete source code for the example app in this chapter is
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|   [in GitHub](https://github.com/angular/angular.io/tree/master/public/docs/_examples/template-syntax/dart).
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| 
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'html-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'my-first-app')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'html-2')
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| 
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'interpolation-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'first-interpolation')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'interpolation-2')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'title+image')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'interpolation-3')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'sum-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'interpolation-4')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'sum-2')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'interpolation-5')
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| 
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'template-expressions-1')
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| :marked
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|   We write template expressions in a language that looks like Dart.
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|   Many Dart expressions are legal template expressions, but not all.
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|   Dart expressions that have or promote side effects are prohibited,
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|   including:
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| 
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|   * assignments (`=`, `+=`, `-=`, ...)
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|   * creating instances using `new` or `const`
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|   * increment and decrement (`++` and `--`)
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| 
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|   Other notable differences from Dart syntax include:
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| 
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|   * no support for Dart string interpolation; for example,
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|     instead of `"'The title is $title'"`, you must use
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|     `"'The title is ' + title"`
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|   * no support for the bitwise operators `|` and `&`
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|   * new [template expression operators](#expression-operators), such as `|`
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'template-expressions-context')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'template-expressions-guidelines')
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| :marked
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|   Dependent values should not change during a single turn of the event loop.
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|   If an idempotent expression returns a string or a number, it returns the same string or number
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|   when called twice in a row. If the expression returns an object (including a `DateTime`, `Map`, or `List`),
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|   it returns the same object *reference* when called twice in a row.
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| 
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| .callout.is-helpful
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|   header Dart difference: Arrays are lists
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|   :marked
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|     Arrays in JavaScript correspond to lists in Dart
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|     (instances of the `List` class).
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|     This chapter uses _array_ and _list_ interchangeably.
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|     For more information, see
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|     [Lists](https://www.dartlang.org/docs/dart-up-and-running/ch02.html#lists)
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|     in the [Dart language tour](https://www.dartlang.org/docs/dart-up-and-running/ch02.html).
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| 
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'template-statements-1')
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| :marked
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|   Like template expressions, template *statements* use a language that looks like Dart.
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|   The template statement parser is different than the template expression parser and
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|   specifically supports both basic assignment (`=`) and chaining expressions with semicolons (`;`).
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| 
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|   However, certain Dart syntax is not allowed:
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|   * the `new` and `const` keywords
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|   * increment and decrement operators, `++` and `--`
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|   * operator assignment, such as `+=` and `-=`
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|   * the operators `|` and `&` (neither for bitwise operations
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|     nor for the Angular [pipe operator](#the-pipe-operator-))
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| 
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'template-statements-3')
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| 
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'binding-syntax-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'img+button')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'binding-syntax-2')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'hero-detail-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'binding-syntax-3')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'disabled-button-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'binding-syntax-4')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'binding-syntax-attribute-vs-property')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'binding-syntax-5')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'binding-syntax-world-without-attributes')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'binding-syntax-targets')
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| 
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| <div width="90%">
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| table
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|   tr
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|     th Binding type
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|     th Target
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|     th Examples
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|   tr
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|     td Property
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|     td.
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|       Element property<br>
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|       Component property<br>
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|       Directive property
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|     td
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|       +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'property-binding-syntax-1')(format=".")
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|   tr
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|     td Event
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|     td.
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|       Element event<br>
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|       Component event<br>
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|       Directive event
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|     td
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|       +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'event-binding-syntax-1')(format=".")
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|   tr
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|     td Two-way
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|     td.
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|       Event and property
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|     td
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|       +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', '2-way-binding-syntax-1')(format=".")
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|   tr
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|     td Attribute
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|     td.
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|       Attribute
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|       (the exception)
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|     td
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|       +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'attribute-binding-syntax-1')(format=".")
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|   tr
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|     td Class
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|     td.
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|       <code>class</code> property
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|     td
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|       +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'class-binding-syntax-1')(format=".")
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|   tr
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|     td Style
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|     td.
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|       <code>style</code> property
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|     td
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|       +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'style-binding-syntax-1')(format=".")
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| </div>
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| 
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'binding-syntax-end')
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| 
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'property-binding-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'property-binding-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'property-binding-2')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'property-binding-2')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'property-binding-3')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'property-binding-3')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'property-binding-4')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'property-binding-4')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'property-binding-5')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'property-binding-6')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'property-binding-7')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'property-binding-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'property-binding-8')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'property-binding-5')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'property-binding-9')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'property-binding-3')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'property-binding-10')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'property-binding-4')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'property-binding-11')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'property-binding-6')(format=".")
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| .callout.is-helpful
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|   header Dart difference: Type exceptions
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|   :marked
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|     In checked mode, uncommenting the `<hero-detail>` element above causes a type exception,
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|     because `String` isn't a subtype of `Hero`.
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|     For information on checked mode, see [Important concepts](https://www.dartlang.org/docs/dart-up-and-running/ch02.html#important-concepts)
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|     in the Dart language tour.
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'property-binding-12')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'property-binding-7')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'property-binding-13')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'property-binding-vs-interpolation')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'property-binding-14')
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| 
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'other-bindings-1')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'other-bindings-2')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'attrib-binding-colspan')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'other-bindings-3')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'attrib-binding-aria')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'other-bindings-class-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'class-binding-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'other-bindings-class-2')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'class-binding-2')(format=".")
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| //
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|   +includeShared('{ts}', 'other-bindings-class-3')
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| :marked
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|   Finally, we can bind to a specific class name.
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|   Angular adds the class when the template expression evaluates to `true`.
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|   It removes the class when the expression evaluates to `false`.
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'class-binding-3')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'other-bindings-class-4')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'other-bindings-style-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'style-binding-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'other-bindings-style-2')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'style-binding-2')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'other-bindings-style-3')
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| 
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'event-binding-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'event-binding-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'event-binding-2')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'event-binding-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'event-binding-3')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'event-binding-2')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'event-binding-4')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'event-binding-3')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'event-binding-5')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'without-NgModel')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'event-binding-6')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/hero_detail_component.dart',
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| 'template-1', 'HeroDetailComponent.ts (template)')(format=".")
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/hero_detail_component.dart',
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| 'deleteRequest', 'HeroDetailComponent.ts (delete logic)')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'event-binding-7')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'event-binding-to-component')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'event-binding-8')
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| 
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'ngModel-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgModel-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'ngModel-2')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgModel-2')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'ngModel-3')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'without-NgModel')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'ngModel-4')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgModel-3')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'ngModel-5')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgModel-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'ngModel-6')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgModel-4')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'ngModel-7')
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| 
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'event-binding-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-2')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngClass-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'class-binding-3a')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngClass-2')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.dart', 'setClasses')(format=".")
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| // PENDING: Add "Dart difference" for returning maps in Dart? for omitting unnecessary `this.`s?
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngClass-3')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgClass-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngStyle-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgStyle-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngStyle-2')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.dart', 'setStyles')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngStyle-3')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgStyle-2')(format=".")
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| //
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|   +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngIf-1')
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| <a id="ngIf"></a>
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| .l-main-section
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| :marked
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|   ### NgIf
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|   We can add an element subtree (an element and its children) to the DOM  by binding an `NgIf` directive to a `true` expression.
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgIf-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngIf-2')
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| //
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|   +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngIf-3')
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| :marked
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|   Binding to a false expression removes the element subtree from the DOM.
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgIf-2')(format=".")
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| .callout.is-helpful
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|   header Dart difference: No truthy values
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|   :marked
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|     In checked mode, Dart expects Boolean values
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|     (those with type `bool`) to be either `true` or `false`.
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|     Even in production mode, the only value Dart treats as `true` is
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|     the value `true`; all other values are `false`.
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|     TypeScript and JavaScript, on the other hand, treat
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|     many values (including non-null objects) as true.
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|     A TypeScript Angular 2 program, for example, often has code like
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|     `*ngIf="currentHero"` where a Dart program has code like
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|     `*ngIf="currentHero != null"`.
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| 
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|     When converting TypeScript code to Dart code, watch out for
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|     true/false problems. For example, forgetting the `!= null`
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|     can lead to exceptions in checked mode, such as
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|     "EXCEPTION: type 'Hero' is not a subtype of type 'bool' of 'boolean expression'".
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|     For more information, see
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|     [Booleans](https://www.dartlang.org/docs/dart-up-and-running/ch02.html#booleans)
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|     in the [Dart language tour](https://www.dartlang.org/docs/dart-up-and-running/ch02.html).
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngIf-4')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgIf-3')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngIf-5')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngSwitch-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgSwitch')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngSwitch-2')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngFor-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgFor-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngFor-2')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgFor-2')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngFor-3')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngFor-4')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngFor-5')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngFor-6')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgFor-3')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngFor-7')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngForTrackBy-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.dart', 'trackByHeroes')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngForTrackBy-2')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgForTrackBy-2')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'directives-ngForTrackBy-3')
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| 
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'star-template')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'star-template-ngIf-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'Template-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'star-template-ngIf-2a')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'Template-2a')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'star-template-ngIf-2')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'Template-2')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'star-template-ngIf-3')
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| // Changed from RED to ORANGE, since this isn't so dire a situation in Dart.
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| .callout.is-important
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|   header Remember the brackets!
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|   :marked
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|     Don’t make the mistake of writing `ngIf="currentHero"`!
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|     That syntax assigns the *string* value "currentHero" to `ngIf`,
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|     which won't work because `ngIf` expects a bool.
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'star-template-ngSwitch-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'NgSwitch-expanded')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'star-template-ngSwitch-2')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'star-template-ngFor-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'Template-3a')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'star-template-ngFor-2')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'Template-3')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'star-template-ngFor-3')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'Template-4')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'star-template-ngFor-4')
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| 
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'ref-vars')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'ref-phone')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'ref-vars-value')
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'ref-vars-form-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'ref-form')(format=".")
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'ref-vars-form-2')
 | ||
| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'ref-form-a')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'ref-vars-form-3')
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| 
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'inputs-outputs-1')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'io-1')(format=".")
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'inputs-outputs-2')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'io-2')(format=".")
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'inputs-outputs-3')
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| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/hero_detail_component.dart', 'input-output-1')(format=".")
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| :marked
 | ||
| .l-sub-section
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|   :marked
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|     Alternatively, we can identify members in the `inputs` and `outputs` arrays
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|     of the directive metadata, as in this example:
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|   +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/hero_detail_component.dart', 'input-output-2')(format=".")
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|   <br>
 | ||
|   :marked
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|     We can specify an input/output property either with a decorator or in a metadata array.
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|     Don't do both!
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| +includeShared('{ts}', 'inputs-outputs-4')
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'inputs-outputs-5')
 | ||
| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'my-click')(format=".")
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'inputs-outputs-6')
 | ||
| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/my_click_directive.dart', 'my-click-output-1')(format=".")
 | ||
| .l-sub-section
 | ||
|   :marked
 | ||
|     We can also alias property names in the `inputs` and `outputs` arrays.
 | ||
|     We write a colon-delimited (`:`) string with
 | ||
|     the directive property name on the *left* and the public alias on the *right*:
 | ||
|   +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/my_click_directive.dart', 'my-click-output-2')(format=".")
 | ||
| 
 | ||
| <a id="expression-operators"></a>
 | ||
| .l-main-section
 | ||
| :marked
 | ||
|   ## Template expression operators
 | ||
|   The template expression language employs a subset of Dart syntax supplemented with a few special operators
 | ||
|   for specific scenarios. We'll cover two of these operators: _pipe_ and _safe navigation operator_.
 | ||
| .callout.is-helpful
 | ||
|   header Dart difference: ?. is a Dart operator
 | ||
|   :marked
 | ||
|     The safe navigation operator (`?.`) is part of the Dart language.
 | ||
|     It's considered a template expression operator because
 | ||
|     Angular 2 supports `?.` even in TypeScript and JavaScript apps.
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'expression-operators-pipe-1')
 | ||
| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'pipes-1')(format=".")
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'expression-operators-pipe-2')
 | ||
| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'pipes-2')(format=".")
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'expression-operators-pipe-3')
 | ||
| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'pipes-3')(format=".")
 | ||
| //
 | ||
|   NOTE: Intentionally omit discussion of the json pipe.
 | ||
|   +includeShared('{ts}', 'expression-operators-pipe-4')
 | ||
|   +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'pipes-json')(format=".")
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'expression-operators-safe-1')
 | ||
| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'safe-2')(format=".")
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'expression-operators-safe-2')
 | ||
| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'safe-1')(format=".")
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'expression-operators-safe-3')
 | ||
| // +includeShared('{ts}', 'expression-operators-safe-4')
 | ||
| :marked
 | ||
|   Dart throws an exception, and so does Angular:
 | ||
| code-example(format="" language="html").
 | ||
|   EXCEPTION: The null object does not have a getter 'firstName'.
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'expression-operators-safe-5')
 | ||
| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'safe-4')(format=".")
 | ||
| 
 | ||
| //
 | ||
|   NOTE: Intentionally skip ugly null checking you wouldn't do in Dart.
 | ||
|   That means skipping the shared sections 'expression-operators-safe-6' & 7,
 | ||
|   plus the example 'safe-5'.
 | ||
| :marked
 | ||
|   This approach has merit but can be cumbersome, especially if the property path is long.
 | ||
|   Imagine guarding against a null somewhere in a long property path such as `a.b.c.d`.
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'expression-operators-safe-8')
 | ||
| +makeExample('template-syntax/dart/lib/app_component.html', 'safe-6')(format=".")
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'expression-operators-safe-9')
 | ||
| 
 | ||
| +includeShared('{ts}', 'summary')
 |