根据历史文件中的内容拷贝 #1
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README.md
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README.md
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@ -10,13 +10,13 @@ Composer 中文文档
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- [基本用法](/cn-introduction/01-basic-usage.md)
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- [库](/cn-introduction/02-libraries.md)
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- [命令行](/cn-introduction/03-cli.md)
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- [Schema](/cn-introduction/04-schema.md)
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- [Repositories](/cn-introduction/05-repositories.md)
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- [Community](/cn-introduction/06-community.md)
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- [架构](/cn-introduction/04-schema.md)
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- [资源库](/cn-introduction/05-repositories.md)
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- [社区](/cn-introduction/06-community.md)
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## Articles
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- [Aliases](/cn-introduction/articles/aliases.md)
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Alias branch names to versions
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- [别名](/cn-introduction/articles/aliases.md)
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版本分支名称的别名。
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- [自定义安装程序](/cn-introduction/articles/custom-installers.md)
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修改某些特殊类型包的安装方式。
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- [Handling Private Packages With Satis](/cn-introduction/articles/handling-private-packages-with-satis.md)
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@ -2,6 +2,46 @@
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本章将解释所有在 `composer.json` 中可用的字段。
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---
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- [composer.json](#composerjson)
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- [JSON schema](#json-schema)
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- [Root 包](#root-包)
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- [属性](#属性)
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- 包名 `name`
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- 描述 `description`
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- 版本 `version`
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- 安装类型 `type`
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- 关键字 `keywords`
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- 项目主页 `homepage`
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- 版本发布时间 `time`
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- 许可协议 `license`
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- 作者 `authors`
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- 支持 `support`
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- [Package links](#package-links)
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- [require](#require)
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- require-dev <span>(root-only)</span>
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- [conflict](#conflict)
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- [replace](#replace)
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- [provide](#provide)
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- suggest
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- autoload
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- PSR-0
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- Classmap
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- Files
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- include-path
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- target-dir
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- minimum-stability <span>(root-only)</span>
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- prefer-stable <span>(root-only)</span>
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- repositories <span>(root-only)</span>
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- config <span>(root-only)</span>
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- scripts <span>(root-only)</span>
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- extra
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- bin
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- archive
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---
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## JSON schema
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我们有一个 [JSON schema](http://json-schema.org) 格式化文档，它也可以被用来验证你的 `composer.json` 文件。事实上，它已经被 `validate` 命令所使用。 你可以在这里找到它： [`res/composer-schema.json`](https://github.com/composer/composer/blob/master/res/composer-schema.json).
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@ -1,70 +1,44 @@
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# Repositories
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# 资源库
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This chapter will explain the concept of packages and repositories, what kinds
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of repositories are available, and how they work.
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本章将解释包和库的概念，什么样的存储库是可用的，以及它们如何工作。
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## Concepts
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## 概述
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Before we look at the different types of repositories that exist, we need to
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understand some of the basic concepts that composer is built on.
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在此之前，我们看到存在不同类型的资源库，我们需要了解一些基本概念，以理解 Composer 是如何构建于其上的。
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### Package
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### 包
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Composer is a dependency manager. It installs packages locally. A package is
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essentially just a directory containing something. In this case it is PHP
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code, but in theory it could be anything. And it contains a package
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description which has a name and a version. The name and the version are used
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to identify the package.
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Composer 是一个依赖管理工具。它在本地安装一些资源包。一个包本质上就是一个包含东西的目录。通常情况下它存储 PHP 代码，但在理论上它可以是任何东西。并且它包含一个描述，其中有一个名称和一个版本号，这个名称和版本号用于识别该包。
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In fact, internally composer sees every version as a separate package. While
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this distinction does not matter when you are using composer, it's quite
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important when you want to change it.
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事实上，在 composer 内部将每一个版本都视为一个单独的包。尽管在你使用 composer 时这种区别无关紧要，但当你想改变它时，这就显得至关重要。
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In addition to the name and the version, there is useful metadata. The information
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most relevant for installation is the source definition, which describes where
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to get the package contents. The package data points to the contents of the
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package. And there are two options here: dist and source.
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除了名称和版本号，还存放了有用的元数据。与安装关系最密切的是 source 信息，它申明了在哪里可以获得资源包的内容。包数据指向包内容，并有两种指向方式：dist 和 source。
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**Dist:** The dist is a packaged version of the package data. Usually a
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released version, usually a stable release.
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**Dist:** dist 指向一个存档，该存档是对一个资源包的某个版本的数据进行的打包。通常是已经发行的稳定版本。
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**Source:** The source is used for development. This will usually originate
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from a source code repository, such as git. You can fetch this when you want
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to modify the downloaded package.
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**Source:** source 指向一个开发中的源。这通常是一个源代码仓库，例如 git。当你想要对下载下来的资源包进行修改时，可以这样获取。
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Packages can supply either of these, or even both. Depending on certain
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factors, such as user-supplied options and stability of the package, one will
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be preferred.
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你可以使用其中任意一个，或者同时使用。这取决于其它的一些因素，比如“user-supplied 选项”和“包的稳定性”，前者将会被优先考虑。
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### Repository
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### 资源库
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A repository is a package source. It's a list of packages/versions. Composer
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will look in all your repositories to find the packages your project requires.
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一个资源库是一个包的来源。它是一个 packages/versions 的列表。Composer 将查看所有你定义的 repositories 以找到你项目需要的资源包。
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By default only the Packagist repository is registered in Composer. You can
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add more repositories to your project by declaring them in `composer.json`.
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默认情况下已经将 Packagist.org 注册到 Composer。你可以在 `composer.json` 中申明更多的资源库，把它们加入你的项目中。
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Repositories are only available to the root package and the repositories
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defined in your dependencies will not be loaded. Read the
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[FAQ entry](faqs/why-can't-composer-load-repositories-recursively.md) if you
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want to learn why.
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资源库的定义仅可用于“root 包”，而在你依赖的包中定义的资源库将不会被加载。如果你想了解其中的原因，请阅读 [FAQ entry](faqs/why-can't-composer-load-repositories-recursively.md)。
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## Types
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### Composer
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The main repository type is the `composer` repository. It uses a single
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`packages.json` file that contains all of the package metadata.
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主资源库的类型为 `composer`。它使用一个单一的 `packages.json` 文件，包含了所有的资源包元数据。
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This is also the repository type that packagist uses. To reference a
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`composer` repository, just supply the path before the `packages.json` file.
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In case of packagist, that file is located at `/packages.json`, so the URL of
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the repository would be `packagist.org`. For `example.org/packages.json` the
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repository URL would be `example.org`.
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这也是 packagist.org 所使用的资源类型。要引用一个 `composer` 资源库，只需要提供一个存放 `packages.json` 文件的 **目录路径**。比如要引用 `packagist.org` 下的 `/packages.json`，它的 URL 就应该是 `packagist.org`。而 `example.org/packages.json` 的 URL 应该是 `example.org`。
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#### packages
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The only required field is `packages`. The JSON structure is as follows:
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唯一必须的字段是 `packages`。它的 JSON 结构如下：
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{
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"packages": {
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@ -77,14 +51,13 @@ The only required field is `packages`. The JSON structure is as follows:
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}
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}
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The `@composer.json` marker would be the contents of the `composer.json` from
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that package version including as a minimum:
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`@composer.json` 标记将会从 作为最低版本： would be the contents of the `composer.json` from that package version including as a minimum:
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* name
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* version
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* dist or source
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Here is a minimal package definition:
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这是一个最小的包定义：
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{
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"name": "smarty/smarty",
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@ -95,7 +68,7 @@ Here is a minimal package definition:
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}
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}
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It may include any of the other fields specified in the [schema](04-schema.md).
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它可以包含任何在 [架构](04-schema.md) 中介绍的字段。
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#### notify-batch
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