Merge branch 'eugenmaster' into BAEL-2427-getCauseException

.gitignore

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 .idea/
 *.iml
 *.iws
+out/
 
 # Mac
 .DS_Store
@@ -27,6 +28,9 @@
 log/
 target/
 
+# Gradle
+.gradle/
+
 spring-openid/src/main/resources/application.properties
 .recommenders/
 /spring-hibernate4/nbproject/
@@ -73,3 +77,4 @@ apache-avro/src/main/java/com/baeldung/avro/model/
 jta/transaction-logs/
 software-security/sql-injection-samples/derby.log
 spring-soap/src/main/java/com/baeldung/springsoap/gen/
+/report-*.json

algorithms-miscellaneous-1/README.md

@@ -14,7 +14,5 @@
 - [Calculate Factorial in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-calculate-factorial)
 - [Find Substrings That Are Palindromes in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-palindrome-substrings)
 - [Find the Longest Substring without Repeating Characters](https://www.baeldung.com/java-longest-substring-without-repeated-characters)
-- [Java Two Pointer Technique](https://www.baeldung.com/java-two-pointer-technique)
 - [Permutations of an Array in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-array-permutations)
-- [Implementing Simple State Machines with Java Enums](https://www.baeldung.com/java-enum-simple-state-machine)
 - [Generate Combinations in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-combinations-algorithm)

algorithms-miscellaneous-2/README.md

@@ -8,9 +8,6 @@
 - [Create a Sudoku Solver in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-sudoku)
 - [Displaying Money Amounts in Words](http://www.baeldung.com/java-money-into-words)
 - [A Collaborative Filtering Recommendation System in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-collaborative-filtering-recommendations)
-- [Converting Between Roman and Arabic Numerals in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-convert-roman-arabic)
-- [Practical Java Examples of the Big O Notation](http://www.baeldung.com/java-algorithm-complexity)
-- [An Introduction to the Theory of Big-O Notation](http://www.baeldung.com/big-o-notation)
 - [Check If Two Rectangles Overlap In Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-check-if-two-rectangles-overlap)
 - [Calculate the Distance Between Two Points in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-distance-between-two-points)
 - [Find the Intersection of Two Lines in Java](https://www.baeldung.com/java-intersection-of-two-lines)

algorithms-miscellaneous-3/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+/target/
+.settings/
+.classpath
+.project

algorithms-miscellaneous-3/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+## Relevant articles:
+
+- [Java Two Pointer Technique](https://www.baeldung.com/java-two-pointer-technique)
+- [Implementing Simple State Machines with Java Enums](https://www.baeldung.com/java-enum-simple-state-machine)
+- [Converting Between Roman and Arabic Numerals in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-convert-roman-arabic)
+- [Practical Java Examples of the Big O Notation](http://www.baeldung.com/java-algorithm-complexity)
+- [An Introduction to the Theory of Big-O Notation](http://www.baeldung.com/big-o-notation)

algorithms-miscellaneous-3/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+    <artifactId>algorithms-miscellaneous-3</artifactId>
+    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    <name>algorithms-miscellaneous-3</name>
+
+    <parent>
+        <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+        <artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
+        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    </parent>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
+            <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
+            <version>${org.assertj.core.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <pluginManagement>
+            <plugins>
+                <plugin>
+                    <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                    <version>${exec-maven-plugin.version}</version>
+                </plugin>
+            </plugins>
+        </pluginManagement>
+    </build>
+
+    <properties>
+        <org.assertj.core.version>3.9.0</org.assertj.core.version>
+    </properties>
+
+</project>

apache-meecrowave/pom.xml

@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@
     <properties>
         <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
         <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
-		<junit.version>4.10</junit.version>
 		<meecrowave-junit.version>1.2.0</meecrowave-junit.version>
 		<okhttp.version>3.10.0</okhttp.version>
 		<meecrowave-jpa.version>1.2.1</meecrowave-jpa.version>

apache-velocity/pom.xml

@@ -59,7 +59,6 @@
     </build>
 
     <properties>
-        <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
         <org.apache.httpcomponents.version>4.5.2</org.apache.httpcomponents.version>
         <velocity-version>1.7</velocity-version>
         <velocity-tools-version>2.0</velocity-tools-version>

autovalue/src/main/java/com/baeldung/autofactory/provided/IntermediateAssembler.java

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 package com.baeldung.autofactory.provided;
 
+import com.baeldung.autofactory.model.Camera;
 import com.google.auto.factory.AutoFactory;
 import com.google.auto.factory.Provided;
-import javafx.scene.Camera;
+
 
 import javax.inject.Provider;
 

cdi/pom.xml

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
         <dependency>
             <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
             <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
-            <version>${hamcrest-core.version}</version>
+            <version>${org.hamcrest.version}</version>
             <scope>test</scope>
         </dependency>
         <dependency>
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@
         <cdi-api.version>2.0.SP1</cdi-api.version>
         <weld-se-core.version>3.0.5.Final</weld-se-core.version>
         <aspectjweaver.version>1.9.2</aspectjweaver.version>
-        <hamcrest-core.version>1.3</hamcrest-core.version>
         <assertj-core.version>3.10.0</assertj-core.version>
         <spring.version>5.1.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
     </properties>

cloud-foundry-uaa/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+### Revelant Articles
+
+- [A Quick Guide To Using Cloud Foundry UAA](https://www.baeldung.com/cloud-foundry-uaa)

cloud-foundry-uaa/cf-uaa-oauth2-client/pom.xml

@@ -35,7 +35,4 @@
         </plugins>
     </build>
 	
-    <properties>
-        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
-    </properties>
 </project>

cloud-foundry-uaa/cf-uaa-oauth2-resource-server/pom.xml

@@ -35,8 +35,4 @@
         </plugins>
     </build>
 
-    <properties>
-        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
-    </properties>
-
 </project>

core-groovy-2/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Groovy
+
+## Relevant articles:
+
+- [String Matching in Groovy](http://www.baeldung.com/)
+- [Groovy def Keyword]
+

core-groovy-2/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+    <artifactId>core-groovy-2</artifactId>
+    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    <name>core-groovy-2</name>
+    <packaging>jar</packaging>
+
+    <parent>
+        <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+        <artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
+        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    </parent>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
+            <artifactId>groovy</artifactId>
+            <version>${groovy.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
+            <artifactId>groovy-all</artifactId>
+            <version>${groovy-all.version}</version>
+            <type>pom</type>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
+            <artifactId>groovy-dateutil</artifactId>
+            <version>${groovy.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
+            <artifactId>groovy-sql</artifactId>
+            <version>${groovy-sql.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
+            <artifactId>junit-platform-runner</artifactId>
+            <version>${junit.platform.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId>
+            <artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
+            <version>${hsqldb.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.spockframework</groupId>
+            <artifactId>spock-core</artifactId>
+            <version>${spock-core.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.codehaus.gmavenplus</groupId>
+                <artifactId>gmavenplus-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>${gmavenplus-plugin.version}</version>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>addSources</goal>
+                            <goal>addTestSources</goal>
+                            <goal>compile</goal>
+                            <goal>compileTests</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>${maven-failsafe-plugin.version}</version>
+                <dependencies>
+                    <dependency>
+                        <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
+                        <artifactId>junit-platform-surefire-provider</artifactId>
+                        <version>${junit.platform.version}</version>
+                    </dependency>
+                </dependencies>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <id>junit5</id>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>integration-test</goal>
+                            <goal>verify</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                        <configuration>
+                            <includes>
+                                <include>**/*Test5.java</include>
+                            </includes>
+                        </configuration>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>2.20.1</version>
+                <configuration>
+                <useFile>false</useFile>
+                <includes>
+                    <include>**/*Test.java</include>
+                    <include>**/*Spec.java</include>
+                </includes>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+    </build>
+
+    <repositories>
+        <repository>
+            <id>central</id>
+            <url>http://jcenter.bintray.com</url>
+        </repository>
+    </repositories>
+
+    <properties>
+        <junit.platform.version>1.0.0</junit.platform.version>
+        <groovy.version>2.5.6</groovy.version>
+        <groovy-all.version>2.5.6</groovy-all.version>
+        <groovy-sql.version>2.5.6</groovy-sql.version>
+        <hsqldb.version>2.4.0</hsqldb.version>
+        <spock-core.version>1.1-groovy-2.4</spock-core.version>
+        <gmavenplus-plugin.version>1.6</gmavenplus-plugin.version>
+    </properties>
+</project>
+

core-groovy-2/src/test/groovy/com/baeldung/defkeyword/DefUnitTest.groovy

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+package com.baeldung.defkeyword
+
+import org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.NullObject
+import org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.typehandling.GroovyCastException
+
+import groovy.transform.TypeChecked
+import groovy.transform.TypeCheckingMode
+
+@TypeChecked
+class DefUnitTest extends GroovyTestCase {
+    
+    def id
+    def firstName = "Samwell"
+    def listOfCountries = ['USA', 'UK', 'FRANCE', 'INDIA']
+    
+    @TypeChecked(TypeCheckingMode.SKIP)
+    def multiply(x, y) {
+        return x*y
+    }
+        
+    @TypeChecked(TypeCheckingMode.SKIP)
+    void testDefVariableDeclaration() {
+        
+        def list
+        assert list.getClass() == org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.NullObject
+        assert list.is(null)
+        
+        list = [1,2,4]
+        assert list instanceof ArrayList
+    }
+    
+    @TypeChecked(TypeCheckingMode.SKIP)
+    void testTypeVariables() {   
+        int rate = 200
+        try {
+            rate = [12] //GroovyCastException
+            rate = "nill" //GroovyCastException
+        } catch(GroovyCastException) {
+            println "Cannot assign anything other than integer"
+        }
+    }
+     
+    @TypeChecked(TypeCheckingMode.SKIP)
+    void testDefVariableMultipleAssignment() {
+        def rate
+        assert rate == null
+        assert rate.getClass() == org.codehaus.groovy.runtime.NullObject
+        
+        rate = 12
+        assert rate instanceof Integer
+        
+        rate = "Not Available"
+        assert rate instanceof String
+        
+        rate = [1, 4]
+        assert rate instanceof List
+        
+        assert divide(12, 3) instanceof BigDecimal
+        assert divide(1, 0) instanceof String
+
+    }
+    
+    def divide(int x, int y) {
+        if(y==0) {
+            return "Should not divide by 0"
+        } else {
+            return x/y
+        }
+    }
+    
+    def greetMsg() {
+        println "Hello! I am Groovy"
+    }
+    
+    void testDefVsType() {
+        def int count
+        assert count instanceof Integer
+    }
+}

core-groovy-2/src/test/groovy/com/baeldung/strings/StringMatchingSpec.groovy

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package com.baeldung.strings
+
+import spock.lang.Specification
+
+import java.util.regex.Pattern
+
+class StringMatchingSpec extends Specification {
+
+    def "pattern operator example"() {
+        given: "a pattern"
+        def p = ~'foo'
+
+        expect:
+        p instanceof Pattern
+
+        and: "you can use slash strings to avoid escaping of blackslash"
+        def digitPattern = ~/\d*/
+        digitPattern.matcher('4711').matches()
+    }
+
+    def "match operator example"() {
+        expect:
+        'foobar' ==~ /.*oba.*/
+
+        and: "matching is strict"
+        !('foobar' ==~ /foo/)
+    }
+
+    def "find operator example"() {
+        when: "using the find operator"
+        def matcher = 'foo and bar, baz and buz' =~ /(\w+) and (\w+)/
+
+        then: "will find groups"
+        matcher.size() == 2
+
+        and: "can access groups using array"
+        matcher[0][0] == 'foo and bar'
+        matcher[1][2] == 'buz'
+
+        and: "you can use it as a predicate"
+        'foobarbaz' =~ /bar/
+    }
+
+}

core-groovy-collections/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Groovy
+
+## Relevant articles:
+
+- [Maps in Groovy](http://www.baeldung.com/)
+

core-groovy-collections/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+    <artifactId>core-groovy-collections</artifactId>
+    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    <name>core-groovy-collections</name>
+    <packaging>jar</packaging>
+
+    <parent>
+        <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+        <artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
+        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    </parent>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
+            <artifactId>groovy</artifactId>
+            <version>${groovy.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
+            <artifactId>groovy-all</artifactId>
+            <version>${groovy-all.version}</version>
+            <type>pom</type>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
+            <artifactId>groovy-dateutil</artifactId>
+            <version>${groovy.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
+            <artifactId>groovy-sql</artifactId>
+            <version>${groovy-sql.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
+            <artifactId>junit-platform-runner</artifactId>
+            <version>${junit.platform.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId>
+            <artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
+            <version>${hsqldb.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.spockframework</groupId>
+            <artifactId>spock-core</artifactId>
+            <version>${spock-core.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.codehaus.gmavenplus</groupId>
+                <artifactId>gmavenplus-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>${gmavenplus-plugin.version}</version>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>addSources</goal>
+                            <goal>addTestSources</goal>
+                            <goal>compile</goal>
+                            <goal>compileTests</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>${maven-failsafe-plugin.version}</version>
+                <dependencies>
+                    <dependency>
+                        <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
+                        <artifactId>junit-platform-surefire-provider</artifactId>
+                        <version>${junit.platform.version}</version>
+                    </dependency>
+                </dependencies>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <id>junit5</id>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>integration-test</goal>
+                            <goal>verify</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                        <configuration>
+                            <includes>
+                                <include>**/*Test5.java</include>
+                            </includes>
+                        </configuration>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>2.20.1</version>
+                <configuration>
+                <useFile>false</useFile>
+                <includes>
+                    <include>**/*Test.java</include>
+                    <include>**/*Spec.java</include>
+                </includes>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+    </build>
+
+    <repositories>
+        <repository>
+            <id>central</id>
+            <url>http://jcenter.bintray.com</url>
+        </repository>
+    </repositories>
+
+    <properties>
+        <junit.platform.version>1.0.0</junit.platform.version>
+        <groovy.version>2.5.6</groovy.version>
+        <groovy-all.version>2.5.6</groovy-all.version>
+        <groovy-sql.version>2.5.6</groovy-sql.version>
+        <hsqldb.version>2.4.0</hsqldb.version>
+        <spock-core.version>1.1-groovy-2.4</spock-core.version>
+        <gmavenplus-plugin.version>1.6</gmavenplus-plugin.version>
+    </properties>
+</project>
+

core-groovy-collections/src/test/groovy/com/baeldung/map/MapTest.groovy

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+package com.baeldung.map;
+
+import static groovy.test.GroovyAssert.*
+import org.junit.Test
+
+class MapTest{
+
+    @Test
+    void createMap() {
+
+        def emptyMap = [:]
+        assertNotNull(emptyMap)
+
+        assertTrue(emptyMap instanceof java.util.LinkedHashMap)
+
+        def map = [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York"]
+        assertTrue(map.size() == 3)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void addItemsToMap() {
+
+        def map = [name:"Jerry"]
+
+        map["age"] = 42
+
+        map.city = "New York"
+
+        def hobbyLiteral = "hobby"
+        def hobbyMap = [(hobbyLiteral): "Singing"]
+        map.putAll(hobbyMap)
+
+        assertTrue(map == [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York", hobby:"Singing"])
+        assertTrue(hobbyMap.hobby == "Singing")
+        assertTrue(hobbyMap[hobbyLiteral] == "Singing")
+        
+        map.plus([1:20]) // returns new map
+
+        map << [2:30]
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void getItemsFromMap() {
+
+        def map = [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York", hobby:"Singing"]
+
+        assertTrue(map["name"] == "Jerry")
+
+        assertTrue(map.name == "Jerry")
+
+        def propertyAge = "age"
+        assertTrue(map[propertyAge] == 42)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void removeItemsFromMap() {
+
+        def map = [1:20, a:30, 2:42, 4:34, ba:67, 6:39, 7:49]
+
+        def minusMap = map.minus([2:42, 4:34]);
+        assertTrue(minusMap == [1:20, a:30, ba:67, 6:39, 7:49])
+
+        minusMap.removeAll{it -> it.key instanceof String}
+        assertTrue( minusMap == [ 1:20, 6:39, 7:49])
+
+        minusMap.retainAll{it -> it.value %2 == 0}
+        assertTrue( minusMap == [1:20])
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void iteratingOnMaps(){
+        def map = [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York", hobby:"Singing"]
+
+        map.each{ entry -> println "$entry.key: $entry.value" }
+
+        map.eachWithIndex{ entry, i -> println "$i $entry.key: $entry.value" }
+
+        map.eachWithIndex{ key, value, i -> println "$i $key: $value" }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void filteringAndSearchingMaps(){
+        def map = [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York", hobby:"Singing"]
+
+        assertTrue(map.find{ it.value == "New York"}.key == "city")
+
+        assertTrue(map.findAll{ it.value == "New York"} == [city : "New York"])
+
+        map.grep{it.value == "New York"}.each{ it -> assertTrue(it.key == "city" && it.value == "New York")}
+
+        assertTrue(map.every{it -> it.value instanceof String} == false)
+
+        assertTrue(map.any{it -> it.value instanceof String} == true)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void collect(){
+
+        def map = [1: [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York"],
+            2: [name:"Long", age: 25, city: "New York"],
+            3: [name:"Dustin", age: 29, city: "New York"],
+            4: [name:"Dustin", age: 34, city: "New York"]]
+
+        def names = map.collect{entry -> entry.value.name} // returns only list
+        assertTrue(names == ["Jerry", "Long", "Dustin", "Dustin"])
+
+        def uniqueNames = map.collect([] as HashSet){entry -> entry.value.name}
+        assertTrue(uniqueNames == ["Jerry", "Long", "Dustin"] as Set)
+
+        def idNames = map.collectEntries{key, value -> [key, value.name]}
+        assertTrue(idNames == [1:"Jerry", 2: "Long", 3:"Dustin", 4: "Dustin"])
+
+        def below30Names = map.findAll{it.value.age < 30}.collect{key, value -> value.name}
+        assertTrue(below30Names == ["Long", "Dustin"])
+
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void group(){
+        def map = [1:20, 2: 40, 3: 11, 4: 93]
+
+        def subMap = map.groupBy{it.value % 2}
+        println subMap
+        assertTrue(subMap == [0:[1:20, 2:40 ], 1:[3:11, 4:93]])
+
+        def keySubMap = map.subMap([1, 2])
+        assertTrue(keySubMap == [1:20, 2:40])
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void sorting(){
+        def map = [ab:20, a: 40, cb: 11, ba: 93]
+
+        def naturallyOrderedMap = map.sort()
+        assertTrue([a:40, ab:20, ba:93, cb:11] == naturallyOrderedMap)
+
+        def compSortedMap = map.sort({ k1, k2 -> k1 <=> k2 } as Comparator)
+        assertTrue([a:40, ab:20, ba:93, cb:11] == compSortedMap)
+
+        def cloSortedMap = map.sort({ it1, it2 -> it1.value <=> it1.value })
+        assertTrue([cb:11, ab:20, a:40, ba:93] == cloSortedMap)
+
+    }
+
+}

core-groovy/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/src/main/resources/ioSerializedObject.txt

core-groovy/src/test/groovy/com/baeldung/io/DataAndObjectsUnitTest.groovy

@@ -34,7 +34,9 @@ class DataAndObjectsUnitTest {
     @Test
     void whenUsingWithObjectOutputStream_thenObjectIsSerializedToFile() {
         Task task = new Task(description:'Take out the trash', startDate:new Date(), status:0)
-        new File('src/main/resources/ioSerializedObject.txt').withObjectOutputStream { out ->
+        def serializedDataFile = new File('src/main/resources/ioSerializedObject.txt')
+        serializedDataFile.createNewFile()
+        serializedDataFile.withObjectOutputStream { out ->
             out.writeObject(task)
         }
 

core-groovy/src/test/groovy/com/baeldung/map/MapTest.groovy

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+package com.baeldung.groovy.map;
+
+import static groovy.test.GroovyAssert.*
+import org.junit.Test
+
+class MapTest{
+
+    @Test
+    void createMap() {
+
+        def emptyMap = [:]
+        assertNotNull(emptyMap)
+
+        assertTrue(emptyMap instanceof java.util.LinkedHashMap)
+
+        def map = [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York"]
+        assertTrue(map.size() == 3)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void addItemsToMap() {
+
+        def map = [name:"Jerry"]
+
+        map["age"] = 42
+
+        map.city = "New York"
+
+        def hobbyLiteral = "hobby"
+        def hobbyMap = [(hobbyLiteral): "Singing"]
+        map.putAll(hobbyMap)
+
+        assertTrue(map == [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York", hobby:"Singing"])
+        assertTrue(hobbyMap.hobby == "Singing")
+        assertTrue(hobbyMap[hobbyLiteral] == "Singing")
+        
+        map.plus([1:20]) // returns new map
+
+        map << [2:30]
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void getItemsFromMap() {
+
+        def map = [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York", hobby:"Singing"]
+
+        assertTrue(map["name"] == "Jerry")
+
+        assertTrue(map.name == "Jerry")
+
+        def propertyAge = "age"
+        assertTrue(map[propertyAge] == 42)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void removeItemsFromMap() {
+
+        def map = [1:20, a:30, 2:42, 4:34, ba:67, 6:39, 7:49]
+
+        def minusMap = map.minus([2:42, 4:34]);
+        assertTrue(minusMap == [1:20, a:30, ba:67, 6:39, 7:49])
+
+        minusMap.removeAll{it -> it.key instanceof String}
+        assertTrue( minusMap == [ 1:20, 6:39, 7:49])
+
+        minusMap.retainAll{it -> it.value %2 == 0}
+        assertTrue( minusMap == [1:20])
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void iteratingOnMaps(){
+        def map = [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York", hobby:"Singing"]
+
+        map.each{ entry -> println "$entry.key: $entry.value" }
+
+        map.eachWithIndex{ entry, i -> println "$i $entry.key: $entry.value" }
+
+        map.eachWithIndex{ key, value, i -> println "$i $key: $value" }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void filteringAndSearchingMaps(){
+        def map = [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York", hobby:"Singing"]
+
+        assertTrue(map.find{ it.value == "New York"}.key == "city")
+
+        assertTrue(map.findAll{ it.value == "New York"} == [city : "New York"])
+
+        map.grep{it.value == "New York"}.each{ it -> assertTrue(it.key == "city" && it.value == "New York")}
+
+        assertTrue(map.every{it -> it.value instanceof String} == false)
+
+        assertTrue(map.any{it -> it.value instanceof String} == true)
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void collect(){
+
+        def map = [1: [name:"Jerry", age: 42, city: "New York"],
+            2: [name:"Long", age: 25, city: "New York"],
+            3: [name:"Dustin", age: 29, city: "New York"],
+            4: [name:"Dustin", age: 34, city: "New York"]]
+
+        def names = map.collect{entry -> entry.value.name} // returns only list
+        assertTrue(names == ["Jerry", "Long", "Dustin", "Dustin"])
+
+        def uniqueNames = map.collect([] as HashSet){entry -> entry.value.name}
+        assertTrue(uniqueNames == ["Jerry", "Long", "Dustin"] as Set)
+
+        def idNames = map.collectEntries{key, value -> [key, value.name]}
+        assertTrue(idNames == [1:"Jerry", 2: "Long", 3:"Dustin", 4: "Dustin"])
+
+        def below30Names = map.findAll{it.value.age < 30}.collect{key, value -> value.name}
+        assertTrue(below30Names == ["Long", "Dustin"])
+
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void group(){
+        def map = [1:20, 2: 40, 3: 11, 4: 93]
+
+        def subMap = map.groupBy{it.value % 2}
+        println subMap
+        assertTrue(subMap == [0:[1:20, 2:40 ], 1:[3:11, 4:93]])
+
+        def keySubMap = map.subMap([1, 2])
+        assertTrue(keySubMap == [1:20, 2:40])
+
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void sorting(){
+        def map = [ab:20, a: 40, cb: 11, ba: 93]
+
+        def naturallyOrderedMap = map.sort()
+        assertTrue([a:40, ab:20, ba:93, cb:11] == naturallyOrderedMap)
+
+        def compSortedMap = map.sort({ k1, k2 -> k1 <=> k2 } as Comparator)
+        assertTrue([a:40, ab:20, ba:93, cb:11] == compSortedMap)
+
+        def cloSortedMap = map.sort({ it1, it2 -> it1.value <=> it1.value })
+        assertTrue([cb:11, ab:20, a:40, ba:93] == cloSortedMap)
+
+    }
+
+}

core-java-8-2/src/test/java/com/baeldung/UnitTest.java

@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-package com.baeldung;
-
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
-
-import org.junit.Test;
-
-/**
- * Unit test for simple App.
- */
-public class UnitTest {
-    /**
-     * Stub test
-     */
-    @Test
-    public void givenPreconditions_whenCondition_shouldResult() {
-        assertTrue(true);
-    }
-}

core-java-collections-map/README.md

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-=========
-
-## Core Java Collections 2
-
-### Relevant Articles: 
-- Java - Copying a HashMap

core-java-collections-map/pom.xml

@@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
-<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
-xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
-    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
-    <artifactId>core-java-collections-map</artifactId>
-    <version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
-    <name>core-java-collections-map</name>
-    <packaging>jar</packaging>
-
-    <parent>
-        <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
-        <artifactId>parent-java</artifactId>
-        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
-        <relativePath>../parent-java</relativePath>
-    </parent>
-
-    <dependencies>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
-            <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
-            <version>${commons-collections4.version}</version>
-        </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
-            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
-            <version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
-        </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.eclipse.collections</groupId>
-            <artifactId>eclipse-collections</artifactId>
-            <version>${eclipse.collections.version}</version>
-        </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
-            <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
-            <version>${assertj.version}</version>
-            <scope>test</scope>
-        </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
-            <artifactId>junit-platform-runner</artifactId>
-            <version>${junit.platform.version}</version>
-            <scope>test</scope>
-        </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
-            <artifactId>jmh-core</artifactId>
-            <version>${openjdk.jmh.version}</version>
-        </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
-            <artifactId>jmh-generator-annprocess</artifactId>
-            <version>${openjdk.jmh.version}</version>
-        </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
-            <artifactId>commons-exec</artifactId>
-            <version>${commons-exec.version}</version>
-        </dependency>
-        <dependency>
-            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
-            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
-            <version>${lombok.version}</version>
-            <scope>provided</scope>
-        </dependency>
-    </dependencies>
-
-    <properties>
-        <openjdk.jmh.version>1.19</openjdk.jmh.version>
-        <junit.platform.version>1.2.0</junit.platform.version>
-        <commons-lang3.version>3.8.1</commons-lang3.version>
-        <commons-collections4.version>4.1</commons-collections4.version>
-        <collections-generic.version>4.01</collections-generic.version>
-        <avaitility.version>1.7.0</avaitility.version>
-        <assertj.version>3.11.1</assertj.version>
-        <eclipse.collections.version>7.1.0</eclipse.collections.version>
-		<commons-exec.version>1.3</commons-exec.version>
-    </properties>
-</project>

core-java-lang-oop-2/README.md

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-=========
-
-## Core Java Lang OOP 2 Cookbooks and Examples
-
-### Relevant Articles: 

core-java-modules/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+## Relevant articles:
+
+- [Multi-Module Maven Application with Java Modules](https://www.baeldung.com/maven-multi-module-project-java-jpms)

core-java-modules/core-java-10/pom.xml

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
         <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
         <artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
         <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <relativePath>../../</relativePath>
     </parent>
 
     <build>

core-java-modules/core-java-11/pom.xml

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
         <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
         <artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
         <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <relativePath>../../</relativePath>
     </parent>
 
     <dependencies>

core-java-modules/core-java-12/pom.xml

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
         <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
         <artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
         <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <relativePath>../../</relativePath>
     </parent>
 
     <dependencies>

core-java-modules/core-java-8-2/pom.xml

@@ -14,16 +14,23 @@
         <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
         <artifactId>parent-java</artifactId>
         <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
-        <relativePath>../parent-java</relativePath>
+        <relativePath>../../parent-java</relativePath>
     </parent>
 
     <properties>
         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
         <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
         <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
+        <icu.version>64.2</icu.version>
     </properties>
 
     <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.ibm.icu</groupId>
+            <artifactId>icu4j</artifactId>
+            <version>${icu.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+
     </dependencies>
 
     <build>

core-java-modules/core-java-8-2/src/main/java/com/baeldung/jarArguments/JarExample.java

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package com.baeldung.jarArguments;
+
+public class JarExample {
+
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        System.out.println("Hello Baeldung Reader in JarExample!");
+        
+        if(args == null) {
+            System.out.println("You have not provided any arguments!");
+        }else {
+            System.out.println("There are "+args.length+" argument(s)!");
+            for(int i=0; i<args.length; i++) {
+                System.out.println("Argument("+(i+1)+"):" + args[i]);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-8-2/src/main/java/com/baeldung/localization/App.java

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package com.baeldung.localization;
+
+import java.text.ParseException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+public class App {
+
+    /**
+     * Runs all available formatter
+     * @throws ParseException 
+     */
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        List<Locale> locales = Arrays.asList(new Locale[] { Locale.UK, Locale.ITALY, Locale.FRANCE, Locale.forLanguageTag("pl-PL") });
+        Localization.run(locales);
+        JavaSEFormat.run(locales);
+        ICUFormat.run(locales);
+    }
+
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-8-2/src/main/java/com/baeldung/localization/ICUFormat.java

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package com.baeldung.localization;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.ResourceBundle;
+
+import com.ibm.icu.text.MessageFormat;
+
+public class ICUFormat {
+
+    public static String getLabel(Locale locale, Object[] data) {
+        ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle("formats", locale);
+        String format = bundle.getString("label-icu");
+        MessageFormat formatter = new MessageFormat(format, locale);
+        return formatter.format(data);
+    }
+
+    public static void run(List<Locale> locales) {
+        System.out.println("ICU formatter");
+        locales.forEach(locale -> System.out.println(getLabel(locale, new Object[] { "Alice", "female", 0 })));
+        locales.forEach(locale -> System.out.println(getLabel(locale, new Object[] { "Alice", "female", 1 })));
+        locales.forEach(locale -> System.out.println(getLabel(locale, new Object[] { "Alice", "female", 2 })));
+        locales.forEach(locale -> System.out.println(getLabel(locale, new Object[] { "Alice", "female", 3 })));
+        locales.forEach(locale -> System.out.println(getLabel(locale, new Object[] { "Bob", "male", 0 })));
+        locales.forEach(locale -> System.out.println(getLabel(locale, new Object[] { "Bob", "male", 1 })));
+        locales.forEach(locale -> System.out.println(getLabel(locale, new Object[] { "Bob", "male", 2 })));
+        locales.forEach(locale -> System.out.println(getLabel(locale, new Object[] { "Bob", "male", 3 })));
+    }
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-8-2/src/main/java/com/baeldung/localization/JavaSEFormat.java

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package com.baeldung.localization;
+
+import java.text.MessageFormat;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.ResourceBundle;
+
+public class JavaSEFormat {
+
+    public static String getLabel(Locale locale, Object[] data) {
+        ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle("formats", locale);
+        final String pattern = bundle.getString("label");
+        final MessageFormat formatter = new MessageFormat(pattern, locale);
+        return formatter.format(data);
+    }
+
+    public static void run(List<Locale> locales) {
+        System.out.println("Java formatter");
+        final Date date = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
+        locales.forEach(locale -> System.out.println(getLabel(locale, new Object[] { date, "Alice", 0 })));
+        locales.forEach(locale -> System.out.println(getLabel(locale, new Object[] { date, "Alice", 2 })));
+    }
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-8-2/src/main/java/com/baeldung/localization/Localization.java

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+package com.baeldung.localization;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.ResourceBundle;
+
+public class Localization {
+
+    public static String getLabel(Locale locale) {
+        final ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle("messages", locale);
+        return bundle.getString("label");
+    }
+
+    public static void run(List<Locale> locales) {
+        locales.forEach(locale -> System.out.println(getLabel(locale)));
+    }
+
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-8-2/src/main/resources/example_manifest.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Main-Class: com.baeldung.jarArguments.JarExample

core-java-modules/core-java-8-2/src/main/resources/formats_en.properties

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+label=On {0, date, short} {1} has sent you {2, choice, 0#no messages|1#a message|2#two messages|2<{2,number,integer} messages}.
+label-icu={0} has sent you {2, plural, =0 {no messages} =1 {a message} other {{2, number, integer} messages}}.

core-java-modules/core-java-8-2/src/main/resources/formats_fr.properties

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+label={0, date, short}, {1}{2, choice, 0# ne|0<} vous a envoyé {2, choice, 0#aucun message|1#un message|2#deux messages|2<{2,number,integer} messages}.
+label-icu={0} {2, plural, =0 {ne } other {}}vous a envoyé {2, plural, =0 {aucun message} =1 {un message} other {{2, number, integer} messages}}.

core-java-modules/core-java-8-2/src/main/resources/formats_it.properties

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+label={0, date, short} {1} ti ha inviato {2, choice, 0#nessun messagio|1#un messaggio|2#due messaggi|2<{2, number, integer} messaggi}.
+label-icu={0} {2, plural, =0 {non } other {}}ti ha inviato {2, plural, =0 {nessun messaggio} =1 {un messaggio} other {{2, number, integer} messaggi}}.

core-java-modules/core-java-8-2/src/main/resources/formats_pl.properties

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+label=W {0, date, short} {1}{2, choice, 0# nie|0<} wys\u0142a\u0142a ci {2, choice, 0#\u017Cadnych wiadomo\u015Bci|1#wiadomo\u015B\u0107|2#dwie wiadomo\u015Bci|2<{2, number, integer} wiadomo\u015Bci}.
+label-icu={0} {2, plural, =0 {nie } other {}}{1, select, male {wys\u0142a\u0142} female {wys\u0142a\u0142a} other {wys\u0142a\u0142o}} ci {2, plural, =0 {\u017Cadnej wiadomo\u015Bci} =1 {wiadomo\u015B\u0107} other {{2, number, integer} wiadomo\u015Bci}}.

core-java-modules/core-java-8-2/src/main/resources/messages_en.properties

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+label=Alice has sent you a message.

core-java-modules/core-java-8-2/src/main/resources/messages_fr.properties

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+label=Alice vous a envoyé un message.

core-java-modules/core-java-8-2/src/main/resources/messages_it.properties

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+label=Alice ti ha inviato un messaggio.

core-java-modules/core-java-8-2/src/main/resources/messages_pl.properties

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+label=Alice wys\u0142a\u0142a ci wiadomo\u015B\u0107.

core-java-modules/core-java-8-2/src/test/java/com/baeldung/localization/ICUFormatUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+package com.baeldung.localization;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import com.baeldung.localization.ICUFormat;
+
+public class ICUFormatUnitTest {
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenInUK_whenAliceSendsNothing_thenCorrectMessage() {
+        assertEquals("Alice has sent you no messages.", ICUFormat.getLabel(Locale.UK, new Object[] { "Alice", "female", 0 }));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenInUK_whenAliceSendsOneMessage_thenCorrectMessage() {
+        assertEquals("Alice has sent you a message.", ICUFormat.getLabel(Locale.UK, new Object[] { "Alice", "female", 1 }));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenInUK_whenBobSendsSixMessages_thenCorrectMessage() {
+        assertEquals("Bob has sent you 6 messages.", ICUFormat.getLabel(Locale.UK, new Object[] { "Bob", "male", 6 }));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenInItaly_whenAliceSendsNothing_thenCorrectMessage() {
+        assertEquals("Alice non ti ha inviato nessun messaggio.", ICUFormat.getLabel(Locale.ITALY, new Object[] { "Alice", "female", 0 }));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenInItaly_whenAliceSendsOneMessage_thenCorrectMessage() {
+        assertEquals("Alice ti ha inviato un messaggio.", ICUFormat.getLabel(Locale.ITALY, new Object[] { "Alice", "female", 1 }));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenInItaly_whenBobSendsSixMessages_thenCorrectMessage() {
+        assertEquals("Bob ti ha inviato 6 messaggi.", ICUFormat.getLabel(Locale.ITALY, new Object[] { "Bob", "male", 6 }));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenInFrance_whenAliceSendsNothing_thenCorrectMessage() {
+        assertEquals("Alice ne vous a envoyé aucun message.", ICUFormat.getLabel(Locale.FRANCE, new Object[] { "Alice", "female", 0 }));
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    public void givenInFrance_whenAliceSendsOneMessage_thenCorrectMessage() {
+        assertEquals("Alice vous a envoyé un message.", ICUFormat.getLabel(Locale.FRANCE, new Object[] { "Alice", "female", 1 }));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenInFrance_whenBobSendsSixMessages_thenCorrectMessage() {
+        assertEquals("Bob vous a envoyé 6 messages.", ICUFormat.getLabel(Locale.FRANCE, new Object[] { "Bob", "male", 6 }));
+    }
+
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenInPoland_whenAliceSendsNothing_thenCorrectMessage() {
+        assertEquals("Alice nie wysłała ci żadnej wiadomości.", ICUFormat.getLabel(Locale.forLanguageTag("pl-PL"), new Object[] { "Alice", "female", 0 }));
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    public void givenInPoland_whenAliceSendsOneMessage_thenCorrectMessage() {
+        assertEquals("Alice wysłała ci wiadomość.", ICUFormat.getLabel(Locale.forLanguageTag("pl-PL"), new Object[] { "Alice", "female", 1 }));
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    public void givenInPoland_whenBobSendsSixMessages_thenCorrectMessage() {
+        assertEquals("Bob wysłał ci 6 wiadomości.", ICUFormat.getLabel(Locale.forLanguageTag("pl-PL"), new Object[] { "Bob", "male", 6 }));
+    }
+
+}

core-java-modules/core-java-8/pom.xml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
         <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
         <artifactId>parent-java</artifactId>
         <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
-        <relativePath>../parent-java</relativePath>
+        <relativePath>../../parent-java</relativePath>
     </parent>
 
     <dependencies>