Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master'

core-java/pom.xml

@@ -216,6 +216,13 @@
 		    <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
 		    <version>4.3.4.RELEASE</version>
 		</dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.sun</groupId>
+            <artifactId>tools</artifactId>
+            <version>1.8.0</version>
+            <scope>system</scope>
+            <systemPath>${java.home}/../lib/tools.jar</systemPath>
+        </dependency>
     </dependencies>
 
     <build>

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/javac/Positive.java

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package com.baeldung.javac;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.*;
+
+@Documented
+@Retention(RetentionPolicy.CLASS)
+@Target({ElementType.PARAMETER})
+public @interface Positive {
+}

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/javac/SampleJavacPlugin.java

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+package com.baeldung.javac;
+
+import com.sun.source.tree.MethodTree;
+import com.sun.source.tree.VariableTree;
+import com.sun.source.util.*;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.api.BasicJavacTask;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.TreeMaker;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Context;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Name;
+import com.sun.tools.javac.util.Names;
+
+import javax.tools.JavaCompiler;
+import java.util.*;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+
+import static com.sun.tools.javac.util.List.nil;
+
+/**
+ * A {@link JavaCompiler javac} plugin which inserts {@code >= 0} checks into resulting {@code *.class} files
+ * for numeric method parameters marked by {@link Positive}
+ */
+public class SampleJavacPlugin implements Plugin {
+
+    public static final String NAME = "MyPlugin";
+
+    private static Set<String> TARGET_TYPES = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(
+        // Use only primitive types for simplicity
+        byte.class.getName(), short.class.getName(), char.class.getName(), 
+        int.class.getName(), long.class.getName(), float.class.getName(), double.class.getName()));
+
+    @Override
+    public String getName() {
+        return NAME;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void init(JavacTask task, String... args) {
+        Context context = ((BasicJavacTask) task).getContext();
+        task.addTaskListener(new TaskListener() {
+            @Override
+            public void started(TaskEvent e) {
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void finished(TaskEvent e) {
+                if (e.getKind() != TaskEvent.Kind.PARSE) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                e.getCompilationUnit()
+                    .accept(new TreeScanner<Void, Void>() {
+                        @Override
+                        public Void visitMethod(MethodTree method, Void v) {
+                            List<VariableTree> parametersToInstrument = method.getParameters()
+                                .stream()
+                                .filter(SampleJavacPlugin.this::shouldInstrument)
+                                .collect(Collectors.toList());
+                            if (!parametersToInstrument.isEmpty()) {
+                                // There is a possible case that more than one argument is marked by @Positive,
+                                // as the checks are added to the method's body beginning, we process parameters RTL
+                                // to ensure correct order.
+                                Collections.reverse(parametersToInstrument);
+                                parametersToInstrument.forEach(p -> addCheck(method, p, context));
+                            }
+                            // There is a possible case that there is a nested class declared in a method's body,
+                            // hence, we want to proceed with method body AST as well.
+                            return super.visitMethod(method, v);
+                        }
+                    }, null);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private boolean shouldInstrument(VariableTree parameter) {
+        return TARGET_TYPES.contains(parameter.getType().toString())
+          && parameter.getModifiers().getAnnotations()
+            .stream()
+            .anyMatch(a -> Positive.class.getSimpleName().equals(a.getAnnotationType().toString()));
+    }
+
+    private void addCheck(MethodTree method, VariableTree parameter, Context context) {
+        JCTree.JCIf check = createCheck(parameter, context);
+        JCTree.JCBlock body = (JCTree.JCBlock) method.getBody();
+        body.stats = body.stats.prepend(check);
+    }
+
+    private static JCTree.JCIf createCheck(VariableTree parameter, Context context) {
+        TreeMaker factory = TreeMaker.instance(context);
+        Names symbolsTable = Names.instance(context);
+        
+        return factory.at(((JCTree) parameter).pos)
+          .If(factory.Parens(createIfCondition(factory, symbolsTable, parameter)),
+            createIfBlock(factory, symbolsTable, parameter),
+            null);
+    }
+
+    private static JCTree.JCBinary createIfCondition(TreeMaker factory, Names symbolsTable, VariableTree parameter) {
+        Name parameterId = symbolsTable.fromString(parameter.getName().toString());
+        return factory.Binary(JCTree.Tag.LE, 
+          factory.Ident(parameterId), 
+          factory.Literal(TypeTag.INT, 0));
+    }
+
+    private static JCTree.JCBlock createIfBlock(TreeMaker factory, Names symbolsTable, VariableTree parameter) {
+        String parameterName = parameter.getName().toString();
+        Name parameterId = symbolsTable.fromString(parameterName);
+        
+        String errorMessagePrefix = String.format("Argument '%s' of type %s is marked by @%s but got '", 
+          parameterName, parameter.getType(), Positive.class.getSimpleName());
+        String errorMessageSuffix = "' for it";
+        
+        return factory.Block(0, com.sun.tools.javac.util.List.of(
+          factory.Throw(
+            factory.NewClass(null, nil(), 
+              factory.Ident(symbolsTable.fromString(IllegalArgumentException.class.getSimpleName())),
+                com.sun.tools.javac.util.List.of(factory.Binary(JCTree.Tag.PLUS, 
+                  factory.Binary(JCTree.Tag.PLUS, factory.Literal(TypeTag.CLASS, errorMessagePrefix), 
+                    factory.Ident(parameterId)), 
+                    factory.Literal(TypeTag.CLASS, errorMessageSuffix))), null))));
+    }
+
+}

core-java/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/com.sun.source.util.Plugin

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+com.baeldung.javac.SampleJavacPlugin

core-java/src/test/java/com/baeldung/javac/SampleJavacPluginIntegrationTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package com.baeldung.javac;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+public class SampleJavacPluginIntegrationTest {
+
+    private static final String CLASS_TEMPLATE =
+            "package com.baeldung.javac;\n" +
+            "\n" +
+            "public class Test {\n" +
+            "    public static %1$s service(@Positive %1$s i) {\n" +
+            "        return i;\n" +
+            "    }\n" +
+            "}\n" +
+            "";
+
+    private TestCompiler compiler = new TestCompiler();
+    private TestRunner   runner   = new TestRunner();
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    public void givenInt_whenNegative_thenThrowsException() throws Throwable {
+        compileAndRun(double.class,-1);
+    }
+
+    @Test(expected = IllegalArgumentException.class)
+    public void givenInt_whenZero_thenThrowsException() throws Throwable {
+        compileAndRun(int.class,0);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenInt_whenPositive_thenSuccess() throws Throwable {
+        assertEquals(1, compileAndRun(int.class, 1));
+    }
+
+    private Object compileAndRun(Class<?> argumentType, Object argument) throws Throwable {
+        String qualifiedClassName = "com.baeldung.javac.Test";
+        byte[] byteCode = compiler.compile(qualifiedClassName, String.format(CLASS_TEMPLATE, argumentType.getName()));
+        return runner.run(byteCode, qualifiedClassName, "service", new Class[] {argumentType}, argument);
+    }
+}

core-java/src/test/java/com/baeldung/javac/SimpleClassFile.java

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package com.baeldung.javac;
+
+import javax.tools.SimpleJavaFileObject;
+import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.net.URI;
+
+/** Holds compiled byte code in a byte array */
+public class SimpleClassFile extends SimpleJavaFileObject {
+
+    private ByteArrayOutputStream out;
+
+    public SimpleClassFile(URI uri) {
+        super(uri, Kind.CLASS);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public OutputStream openOutputStream() throws IOException {
+        return out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
+    }
+
+    public byte[] getCompiledBinaries() {
+        return out.toByteArray();
+    }
+}

core-java/src/test/java/com/baeldung/javac/SimpleFileManager.java

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package com.baeldung.javac;
+
+import javax.tools.*;
+import java.net.URI;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+/** Adapts {@link SimpleClassFile} to the {@link JavaCompiler} */
+public class SimpleFileManager extends ForwardingJavaFileManager<StandardJavaFileManager> {
+
+    private final List<SimpleClassFile> compiled = new ArrayList<>();
+
+    public SimpleFileManager(StandardJavaFileManager delegate) {
+        super(delegate);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public JavaFileObject getJavaFileForOutput(Location location,
+                                               String className,
+                                               JavaFileObject.Kind kind,
+                                               FileObject sibling)
+    {
+        SimpleClassFile result = new SimpleClassFile(URI.create("string://" + className));
+        compiled.add(result);
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return  compiled binaries processed by the current class
+     */
+    public List<SimpleClassFile> getCompiled() {
+        return compiled;
+    }
+}

core-java/src/test/java/com/baeldung/javac/SimpleSourceFile.java

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package com.baeldung.javac;
+
+import javax.tools.SimpleJavaFileObject;
+import java.net.URI;
+
+/** Exposes given test source to the compiler. */
+public class SimpleSourceFile extends SimpleJavaFileObject {
+
+    private final String content;
+
+    public SimpleSourceFile(String qualifiedClassName, String testSource) {
+        super(URI.create(String.format("file://%s%s",
+                                       qualifiedClassName.replaceAll("\\.", "/"),
+                                       Kind.SOURCE.extension)),
+              Kind.SOURCE);
+        content = testSource;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public CharSequence getCharContent(boolean ignoreEncodingErrors) {
+        return content;
+    }
+}

core-java/src/test/java/com/baeldung/javac/TestCompiler.java

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+package com.baeldung.javac;
+
+import javax.tools.JavaCompiler;
+import javax.tools.ToolProvider;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+import static java.util.Arrays.asList;
+import static java.util.Collections.singletonList;
+
+public class TestCompiler {
+    public byte[] compile(String qualifiedClassName, String testSource) {
+        StringWriter output = new StringWriter();
+
+        JavaCompiler compiler = ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler();
+        SimpleFileManager fileManager = new SimpleFileManager(compiler.getStandardFileManager(
+                null,
+                null,
+                null
+        ));
+        List<SimpleSourceFile> compilationUnits = singletonList(new SimpleSourceFile(qualifiedClassName, testSource));
+        List<String> arguments = new ArrayList<>();
+        arguments.addAll(asList("-classpath", System.getProperty("java.class.path"),
+                                "-Xplugin:" + SampleJavacPlugin.NAME));
+        JavaCompiler.CompilationTask task = compiler.getTask(output,
+                                                             fileManager,
+                                                             null,
+                                                             arguments,
+                                                             null,
+                                                             compilationUnits);
+        task.call();
+        return fileManager.getCompiled().iterator().next().getCompiledBinaries();
+    }
+}

core-java/src/test/java/com/baeldung/javac/TestRunner.java

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+package com.baeldung.javac;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
+import java.lang.reflect.Method;
+
+public class TestRunner {
+
+    public Object run(byte[] byteCode,
+                      String qualifiedClassName,
+                      String methodName,
+                      Class<?>[] argumentTypes,
+                      Object... args)
+            throws Throwable
+    {
+        ClassLoader classLoader = new ClassLoader() {
+            @Override
+            protected Class<?> findClass(String name) throws ClassNotFoundException {
+                return defineClass(name, byteCode, 0, byteCode.length);
+            }
+        };
+        Class<?> clazz;
+        try {
+            clazz = classLoader.loadClass(qualifiedClassName);
+        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Can't load compiled test class", e);
+        }
+
+        Method method;
+        try {
+            method = clazz.getMethod(methodName, argumentTypes);
+        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Can't find the 'main()' method in the compiled test class", e);
+        }
+
+        try {
+            return method.invoke(null, args);
+        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
+            throw e.getCause();
+        }
+    }
+}

core-java/src/test/java/com/baeldung/string/formatter/StringFormatterExampleTests.java

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+package com.baeldung.string.formatter;
+
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.Formatter;
+import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class StringFormatterExampleTests {
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenString_whenFormatSpecifierForCalendar_thenGotExpected() {
+        //Syntax of Format Specifiers for Date/Time Representation
+        Calendar c = new GregorianCalendar(2017, 11, 10);
+        String s = String.format("The date is: %1$tm %1$te,%1$tY", c);
+
+        assertEquals("The date is: 12 10,2017", s);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenString_whenGeneralConversion_thenConvertedString() {
+        //General Conversions
+        String s = String.format("The correct answer is %s", false);
+        assertEquals("The correct answer is false", s);
+
+        s = String.format("The correct answer is %b", null);
+        assertEquals("The correct answer is false", s);
+
+        s = String.format("The correct answer is %B", true);
+        assertEquals("The correct answer is TRUE", s);
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    public void givenString_whenCharConversion_thenConvertedString() {        
+        //Character Conversions
+        String s = String.format("The correct answer is %c", 'a');
+        assertEquals("The correct answer is a", s);
+
+        s = String.format("The correct answer is %c", null);
+        assertEquals("The correct answer is null", s);
+
+        s = String.format("The correct answer is %C", 'b');
+        assertEquals("The correct answer is B", s);
+        
+        s = String.format("The valid unicode character: %c", 0x0400);
+        assertTrue(Character.isValidCodePoint(0x0400));
+        assertEquals("The valid unicode character: Ѐ", s);
+    }
+    
+    @Test(expected = java.util.IllegalFormatCodePointException.class)
+    public void givenString_whenIllegalCodePointForConversion_thenError() {        
+        String s = String.format("The valid unicode character: %c", 0x11FFFF);
+        assertFalse(Character.isValidCodePoint(0x11FFFF));
+        assertEquals("The valid unicode character: Ā", s);
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    public void givenString_whenNumericIntegralConversion_thenConvertedString() {
+        //Numeric Integral Conversions
+        String s = String.format("The number 25 in decimal = %d", 25);
+        assertEquals("The number 25 in decimal = 25", s);
+
+        s = String.format("The number 25 in octal = %o", 25);
+        assertEquals("The number 25 in octal = 31", s);
+
+        s = String.format("The number 25 in hexadecimal = %x", 25);
+        assertEquals("The number 25 in hexadecimal = 19", s);
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    public void givenString_whenNumericFloatingConversion_thenConvertedString() {        
+        //Numeric Floating-point Conversions
+        String s = String.format("The computerized scientific format of 10000.00 "
+                + "= %e", 10000.00);
+        assertEquals("The computerized scientific format of 10000.00 = 1.000000e+04", s);
+
+        s = String.format("The decimal format of 10.019 = %f", 10.019);
+        assertEquals("The decimal format of 10.019 = 10.019000", s);
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    public void givenString_whenLineSeparatorConversion_thenConvertedString() {        
+        //Line Separator Conversion
+        String s = String.format("First Line %nSecond Line");
+        assertEquals("First Line \n"
+                + "Second Line", s);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenString_whenSpecifyFlag_thenGotFormattedString() {
+        //Without left-justified flag
+        String s = String.format("Without left justified flag: %5d", 25);
+        assertEquals("Without left justified flag:    25", s);
+
+        //Using left-justified flag
+        s = String.format("With left justified flag: %-5d", 25);
+        assertEquals("With left justified flag: 25   ", s);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenString_whenSpecifyPrecision_thenGotExpected() {
+
+        //Precision
+        String s = String.format("Output of 25.09878 with Precision 2: %.2f", 25.09878);
+        assertEquals("Output of 25.09878 with Precision 2: 25.10", s);
+
+        s = String.format("Output of general conversion type with Precision 2: %.2b", true);
+        assertEquals("Output of general conversion type with Precision 2: tr", s);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenString_whenSpecifyArgumentIndex_thenGotExpected() {
+        Calendar c = new GregorianCalendar(2017, 11, 10);
+        //Argument_Index
+        String s = String.format("The date is: %1$tm %1$te,%1$tY", c);
+        assertEquals("The date is: 12 10,2017", s);
+
+        s = String.format("The date is: %1$tm %<te,%<tY", c);
+        assertEquals("The date is: 12 10,2017", s);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenAppendable_whenCreateFormatter_thenFormatterWorksOnAppendable() {
+        //Using String Formatter with Appendable
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+        Formatter formatter = new Formatter(sb);
+        formatter.format("I am writting to a %1$s Instance.", sb.getClass());
+
+        assertEquals("I am writting to a class java.lang.StringBuilder Instance.", sb.toString());
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    public void givenString_whenNoArguments_thenExpected() {
+        //Using String Formatter without arguments
+        String s = String.format("John scored 90%% in Fall semester");
+        assertEquals("John scored 90% in Fall semester", s);
+    }
+
+}

ejb/wildfly/widlfly-web/src/main/java/TestEJBServlet.java

@@ -16,32 +16,29 @@ import wildfly.beans.UserBeanLocal;
  * Servlet implementation class TestEJBServlet
  */
 public class TestEJBServlet extends HttpServlet {
-	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
 
-	@EJB
+    @EJB
-	private UserBeanLocal userBean;
+    private UserBeanLocal userBean;
 
-	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
+    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
-			throws ServletException, IOException {
+        List<User> users = userBean.getUsers();
-		List<User> users = userBean.getUsers();
 
-		PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
+        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
 
-		out.println("<html>");
+        out.println("<html>");
-		out.println("<head><title>Users</title></head>");
+        out.println("<head><title>Users</title></head>");
-		out.println("<body>");
+        out.println("<body>");
-		out.println("<center><h1>List of users:</h1>");
+        out.println("<center><h1>List of users:</h1>");
-		out.println("<table border=\"1\" align=\"center\" style=\"width:50%\">");
+        out.println("<table border=\"1\" align=\"center\" style=\"width:50%\">");
-		for (User user : users) {
+        for (User user : users) {
-			out.println("<tr>");
+            out.println("<tr>");
-			out.print("<td>" + user.getUsername() + "</td>");
+            out.print("<td>" + user.getUsername() + "</td>");
-			out.print("<td>" + user.getEmail() + "</td>");
+            out.print("<td>" + user.getEmail() + "</td>");
-			out.println("</tr>");
+            out.println("</tr>");
-		}
+        }
-	}
+    }
 
-	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
+    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
-			throws ServletException, IOException {
+        doGet(request, response);
-		doGet(request, response);
+    }
-	}
 }

hibernate5/README.md

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 ## Relevant articles:
 
 - [Dynamic Mapping with Hibernate](http://www.baeldung.com/hibernate-dynamic-mapping)
+- [An Overview of Identifiers in Hibernate](http://www.baeldung.com/hibernate-identifiers)

osgi/intro/osgi-intro-sample-activator/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+
+    <!-- com.baeldung/osgi-intro-sample-activator/1.0-SNAPSHOT -->
+    <parent>
+        <artifactId>osgi-intro</artifactId>
+        <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    </parent>
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+    <!-- Please, note this is not the usual 'jar'. -->
+    <packaging>bundle</packaging>
+
+    <artifactId>osgi-intro-sample-activator</artifactId>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.osgi</groupId>
+            <artifactId>org.osgi.core</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-bundle-plugin</artifactId>
+                <extensions>true</extensions>
+                <configuration>
+                    <instructions>
+                        <Bundle-SymbolicName>${project.groupId}.${project.artifactId}</Bundle-SymbolicName>
+                        <Bundle-Name>${project.artifactId}</Bundle-Name>
+                        <Bundle-Version>${project.version}</Bundle-Version>
+
+                        <!-- Qualified name of the class that exposes the activator iface. -->
+                        <Bundle-Activator>com.baeldung.osgi.sample.activator.HelloWorld</Bundle-Activator>
+
+                        <!-- One important thing to note:
+                        since you are not exporting the package "com.baeldung.osgi.sample.activator",
+                        you should at least add it to the Private-Package instruction.
+                        Otherwise, the classes inside the package will not be copied to your bundle,
+                        as the default value of this instruction is empty. -->
+
+                        <Private-Package>com.baeldung.osgi.sample.activator</Private-Package>
+
+                    </instructions>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+    </build>
+
+</project>

osgi/intro/osgi-intro-sample-activator/src/main/java/com/baeldung/osgi/sample/activator/HelloWorld.java

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package com.baeldung.osgi.sample.activator;
+
+import org.osgi.framework.BundleActivator;
+import org.osgi.framework.BundleContext;
+
+public class HelloWorld implements BundleActivator {
+
+    public void start(BundleContext ctx) {
+        System.out.println("Hello World.");
+    }
+
+    public void stop(BundleContext bundleContext) {
+        System.out.println("Goodbye World.");
+    }
+
+}

osgi/intro/osgi-intro-sample-client/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <parent>
+        <artifactId>osgi-intro</artifactId>
+        <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    </parent>
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+    <!-- mvn:com.baeldung/osgi-intro-sample-client/1.0-SNAPSHOT -->
+    <artifactId>osgi-intro-sample-client</artifactId>
+
+    <packaging>bundle</packaging>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+            <artifactId>osgi-intro-sample-service</artifactId>
+            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.osgi</groupId>
+            <artifactId>org.osgi.core</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-bundle-plugin</artifactId>
+                <configuration>
+                    <instructions>
+                        <Bundle-SymbolicName>${project.groupId}.${project.artifactId}</Bundle-SymbolicName>
+                        <Bundle-Name>${project.artifactId}</Bundle-Name>
+                        <Bundle-Version>${project.version}</Bundle-Version>
+                        <Bundle-Activator>com.baeldung.osgi.sample.client.Client</Bundle-Activator>
+
+                        <Private-Package>com.baeldung.osgi.sample.client</Private-Package>
+
+                    </instructions>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+    </build>
+
+</project>

osgi/intro/osgi-intro-sample-client/src/main/java/com/baeldung/osgi/sample/client/Client.java

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package com.baeldung.osgi.sample.client;
+
+import com.baeldung.osgi.sample.service.definition.Greeter;
+import org.osgi.framework.*;
+
+public class Client implements BundleActivator, ServiceListener {
+
+    private BundleContext ctx;
+    private ServiceReference serviceReference;
+
+    public void start(BundleContext ctx) {
+        this.ctx = ctx;
+        try {
+            ctx.addServiceListener(this, "(objectclass=" + Greeter.class.getName() + ")");
+        } catch (InvalidSyntaxException ise) {
+            ise.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void stop(BundleContext bundleContext) {
+        if (serviceReference != null) {
+            ctx.ungetService(serviceReference);
+        }
+        this.ctx = null;
+    }
+
+    public void serviceChanged(ServiceEvent serviceEvent) {
+        int type = serviceEvent.getType();
+        switch (type) {
+        case (ServiceEvent.REGISTERED):
+            System.out.println("Notification of service registered.");
+            serviceReference = serviceEvent.getServiceReference();
+            Greeter service = (Greeter) (ctx.getService(serviceReference));
+            System.out.println(service.sayHiTo("John"));
+            break;
+        case (ServiceEvent.UNREGISTERING):
+            System.out.println("Notification of service unregistered.");
+            ctx.ungetService(serviceEvent.getServiceReference());
+            break;
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}

osgi/intro/osgi-intro-sample-service/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+
+    <!-- mvn:com.baeldung/osgi-intro-sample-service/1.0-SNAPSHOT -->
+    <parent>
+        <artifactId>osgi-intro</artifactId>
+        <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    </parent>
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+    <artifactId>osgi-intro-sample-service</artifactId>
+
+    <!-- Please, note this is not the usual 'jar'. -->
+    <packaging>bundle</packaging>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.osgi</groupId>
+            <artifactId>org.osgi.core</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-bundle-plugin</artifactId>
+                <extensions>true</extensions>
+                <configuration>
+                    <instructions>
+                        <Bundle-SymbolicName>${project.groupId}.${project.artifactId}</Bundle-SymbolicName>
+                        <Bundle-Name>${project.artifactId}</Bundle-Name>
+                        <Bundle-Version>${project.version}</Bundle-Version>
+                        <Bundle-Activator>com.baeldung.osgi.sample.service.implementation.GreeterImpl</Bundle-Activator>
+                        <Private-Package>com.baeldung.osgi.sample.service.implementation</Private-Package>
+                        <Export-Package>com.baeldung.osgi.sample.service.definition</Export-Package>
+                    </instructions>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+    </build>
+
+</project>

osgi/intro/osgi-intro-sample-service/src/main/java/com/baeldung/osgi/sample/service/definition/Greeter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package com.baeldung.osgi.sample.service.definition;
+
+public interface Greeter {
+
+    public String sayHiTo(String name);
+
+}

osgi/intro/osgi-intro-sample-service/src/main/java/com/baeldung/osgi/sample/service/implementation/GreeterImpl.java

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+package com.baeldung.osgi.sample.service.implementation;
+
+import com.baeldung.osgi.sample.service.definition.Greeter;
+import org.osgi.framework.BundleActivator;
+import org.osgi.framework.BundleContext;
+import org.osgi.framework.ServiceReference;
+import org.osgi.framework.ServiceRegistration;
+
+import java.util.Hashtable;
+
+public class GreeterImpl implements Greeter, BundleActivator {
+
+    private ServiceReference<Greeter> reference;
+    private ServiceRegistration<Greeter> registration;
+
+    @Override public String sayHiTo(String name) {
+        return "Hello " + name;
+    }
+
+    @Override public void start(BundleContext context) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Registering service.");
+        registration = context.registerService(Greeter.class, new GreeterImpl(), new Hashtable<String, String>());
+        reference = registration.getReference();
+    }
+
+    @Override public void stop(BundleContext context) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Unregistering service.");
+        registration.unregister();
+    }
+}

osgi/intro/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+    <artifactId>osgi-intro</artifactId>
+    <packaging>pom</packaging>
+    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    <modules>
+        <module>osgi-intro-sample-activator</module>
+        <module>osgi-intro-sample-service</module>
+        <module>osgi-intro-sample-client</module>
+    </modules>
+
+    <parent>
+        <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+        <artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
+        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <relativePath>../..</relativePath>
+    </parent>
+
+    <dependencyManagement>
+        <dependencies>
+
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
+                <artifactId>osgi-intro-client</artifactId>
+                <version>${project.version}</version>
+            </dependency>
+
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
+                <artifactId>osgi-intro-service</artifactId>
+                <version>${project.version}</version>
+            </dependency>
+
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
+                <artifactId>osgi-intro-gxyz</artifactId>
+                <version>${project.version}</version>
+            </dependency>
+
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
+                <artifactId>osgi-intro-mapquest</artifactId>
+                <version>${project.version}</version>
+            </dependency>
+
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>
+                <artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>
+                <version>3.9.0</version>
+            </dependency>
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>javax.json</groupId>
+                <artifactId>javax.json-api</artifactId>
+                <version>1.1</version>
+            </dependency>
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
+                <artifactId>javax.json</artifactId>
+                <version>1.1</version>
+            </dependency>
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>org.osgi</groupId>
+                <artifactId>org.osgi.core</artifactId>
+                <version>5.0.0</version>
+                <scope>provided</scope>
+            </dependency>
+        </dependencies>
+    </dependencyManagement>
+
+    <build>
+        <pluginManagement>
+            <plugins>
+                <plugin>
+                    <groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>maven-bundle-plugin</artifactId>
+                    <version>1.4.0</version>
+                    <extensions>true</extensions>
+                </plugin>
+            </plugins>
+        </pluginManagement>
+    </build>
+
+</project>

osgi/intro/readme.md

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+OSGi
+====
+
+Info
+---
+
+com.baeldung.osgi
+com.baeldung.osgi.sample.activator
+
+Apache Felix
+---
+
+
+### Start
+
+Download Apache Felix Framework Distribution 
+from <https://felix.apache.org/downloads.cgi>
+org.apache.felix.main.distribution-5.6.8 
+
+No! The Apache Karaf container is best.
+Download it from: <https://karaf.apache.org/download.html>
+
+Download a binary distribution and unzip wherever you prefer.
+
+Then run
+
+    bin\karaf.bat start
+
+
+Unzip, pay attention to the files not being clipped(!).
+
+    system:exit 
+    
+exit!
+
+    shutdown -h
+ 
+or `^D`
+
+### clean start
+
+full clean, remove "data directory "
+
+or...
+
+    bin\karaf.bat clean
+
+    bin\start.bat clean
+
+### run mode
+
+can be launched in
+
+- the "regular" mode starts Apache Karaf in foreground, including the shell console.
+- the "server" mode starts Apache Karaf in foreground, without the shell console.
+- the "background" mode starts Apache Karaf in background.
+
+### Logging
+
+https://karaf.apache.org/manual/latest/#_log
+
+can be logged to console
+
+
+### Bundle deploy
+
+    bundle:install mvn:com.baeldung/osgi-intro-sample-activator/1.0-SNAPSHOT
+    
+    install mvn:com.baeldung/osgi-intro-sample-service/1.0-SNAPSHOT
+    install mvn:com.baeldung/osgi-intro-sample-client/1.0-SNAPSHOT
+
+Eclipse's Equinox
+====
+
+Eclipse's OSGi platform
+http://www.eclipse.org/equinox/
+
+http://www.eclipse.org/equinox/documents/quickstart-framework.php
+
+click on "download"
+
+Latest Release
+Oxygen.1 	Wed, 6 Sep 2017 -- 17:00 (-0400)
+
+org.eclipse.osgi_3.12.1.v20170821-1548.jar
+
+ = = NOT GOOD = =
+ 
+
+
+

osgi/osgi-intro-sample-activator/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+
+    <!-- com.baeldung/osgi-intro-sample-activator/1.0-SNAPSHOT -->
+    <parent>
+        <artifactId>osgi-intro</artifactId>
+        <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    </parent>
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+    <!-- Please, note this is not the usual 'jar'. -->
+    <packaging>bundle</packaging>
+
+    <artifactId>osgi-intro-sample-activator</artifactId>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.osgi</groupId>
+            <artifactId>org.osgi.core</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-bundle-plugin</artifactId>
+                <extensions>true</extensions>
+                <configuration>
+                    <instructions>
+                        <Bundle-SymbolicName>${project.groupId}.${project.artifactId}</Bundle-SymbolicName>
+                        <Bundle-Name>${project.artifactId}</Bundle-Name>
+                        <Bundle-Version>${project.version}</Bundle-Version>
+
+                        <!-- Qualified name of the class that exposes the activator iface. -->
+                        <Bundle-Activator>com.baeldung.osgi.sample.activator.HelloWorld</Bundle-Activator>
+
+                        <!-- One important thing to note:
+                        since you are not exporting the package "com.baeldung.osgi.sample.activator",
+                        you should at least add it to the Private-Package instruction.
+                        Otherwise, the classes inside the package will not be copied to your bundle,
+                        as the default value of this instruction is empty. -->
+
+                        <Private-Package>com.baeldung.osgi.sample.activator</Private-Package>
+
+                    </instructions>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+    </build>
+
+</project>

osgi/osgi-intro-sample-activator/src/main/java/com/baeldung/osgi/sample/activator/HelloWorld.java

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package com.baeldung.osgi.sample.activator;
+
+import org.osgi.framework.BundleActivator;
+import org.osgi.framework.BundleContext;
+
+public class HelloWorld implements BundleActivator {
+
+    public void start(BundleContext ctx) {
+        System.out.println("Hello World.");
+    }
+
+    public void stop(BundleContext bundleContext) {
+        System.out.println("Goodbye World.");
+    }
+
+}

osgi/osgi-intro-sample-client/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <parent>
+        <artifactId>osgi-intro</artifactId>
+        <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    </parent>
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+    <!-- mvn:com.baeldung/osgi-intro-sample-client/1.0-SNAPSHOT -->
+    <artifactId>osgi-intro-sample-client</artifactId>
+
+    <packaging>bundle</packaging>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+            <artifactId>osgi-intro-sample-service</artifactId>
+            <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.osgi</groupId>
+            <artifactId>org.osgi.core</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-bundle-plugin</artifactId>
+                <configuration>
+                    <instructions>
+                        <Bundle-SymbolicName>${project.groupId}.${project.artifactId}</Bundle-SymbolicName>
+                        <Bundle-Name>${project.artifactId}</Bundle-Name>
+                        <Bundle-Version>${project.version}</Bundle-Version>
+                        <Bundle-Activator>com.baeldung.osgi.sample.client.Client</Bundle-Activator>
+
+                        <Private-Package>com.baeldung.osgi.sample.client</Private-Package>
+
+                    </instructions>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+    </build>
+
+</project>

osgi/osgi-intro-sample-client/src/main/java/com/baeldung/osgi/sample/client/Client.java

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package com.baeldung.osgi.sample.client;
+
+import com.baeldung.osgi.sample.service.definition.Greeter;
+import org.osgi.framework.*;
+
+public class Client implements BundleActivator, ServiceListener {
+
+    private BundleContext ctx;
+    private ServiceReference serviceReference;
+
+    public void start(BundleContext ctx) {
+        this.ctx = ctx;
+        try {
+            ctx.addServiceListener(this, "(objectclass=" + Greeter.class.getName() + ")");
+        } catch (InvalidSyntaxException ise) {
+            ise.printStackTrace();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void stop(BundleContext bundleContext) {
+        if (serviceReference != null) {
+            ctx.ungetService(serviceReference);
+        }
+        this.ctx = null;
+    }
+
+    public void serviceChanged(ServiceEvent serviceEvent) {
+        int type = serviceEvent.getType();
+        switch (type) {
+        case (ServiceEvent.REGISTERED):
+            System.out.println("Notification of service registered.");
+            serviceReference = serviceEvent.getServiceReference();
+            Greeter service = (Greeter) (ctx.getService(serviceReference));
+            System.out.println(service.sayHiTo("John"));
+            break;
+        case (ServiceEvent.UNREGISTERING):
+            System.out.println("Notification of service unregistered.");
+            ctx.ungetService(serviceEvent.getServiceReference());
+            break;
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}

osgi/osgi-intro-sample-service/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+
+    <!-- mvn:com.baeldung/osgi-intro-sample-service/1.0-SNAPSHOT -->
+    <parent>
+        <artifactId>osgi-intro</artifactId>
+        <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    </parent>
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+    <artifactId>osgi-intro-sample-service</artifactId>
+
+    <!-- Please, note this is not the usual 'jar'. -->
+    <packaging>bundle</packaging>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.osgi</groupId>
+            <artifactId>org.osgi.core</artifactId>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-bundle-plugin</artifactId>
+                <extensions>true</extensions>
+                <configuration>
+                    <instructions>
+                        <Bundle-SymbolicName>${project.groupId}.${project.artifactId}</Bundle-SymbolicName>
+                        <Bundle-Name>${project.artifactId}</Bundle-Name>
+                        <Bundle-Version>${project.version}</Bundle-Version>
+                        <Bundle-Activator>com.baeldung.osgi.sample.service.implementation.GreeterImpl</Bundle-Activator>
+                        <Private-Package>com.baeldung.osgi.sample.service.implementation</Private-Package>
+                        <Export-Package>com.baeldung.osgi.sample.service.definition</Export-Package>
+                    </instructions>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+    </build>
+
+</project>

osgi/osgi-intro-sample-service/src/main/java/com/baeldung/osgi/sample/service/definition/Greeter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package com.baeldung.osgi.sample.service.definition;
+
+public interface Greeter {
+
+    public String sayHiTo(String name);
+
+}

osgi/osgi-intro-sample-service/src/main/java/com/baeldung/osgi/sample/service/implementation/GreeterImpl.java

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+package com.baeldung.osgi.sample.service.implementation;
+
+import com.baeldung.osgi.sample.service.definition.Greeter;
+import org.osgi.framework.BundleActivator;
+import org.osgi.framework.BundleContext;
+import org.osgi.framework.ServiceReference;
+import org.osgi.framework.ServiceRegistration;
+
+import java.util.Hashtable;
+
+public class GreeterImpl implements Greeter, BundleActivator {
+
+    private ServiceReference<Greeter> reference;
+    private ServiceRegistration<Greeter> registration;
+
+    @Override public String sayHiTo(String name) {
+        return "Hello " + name;
+    }
+
+    @Override public void start(BundleContext context) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Registering service.");
+        registration = context.registerService(Greeter.class, new GreeterImpl(), new Hashtable<String, String>());
+        reference = registration.getReference();
+    }
+
+    @Override public void stop(BundleContext context) throws Exception {
+        System.out.println("Unregistering service.");
+        registration.unregister();
+    }
+}

osgi/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+    <artifactId>osgi-intro</artifactId>
+    <packaging>pom</packaging>
+    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    <modules>
+        <module>osgi-intro-sample-activator</module>
+        <module>osgi-intro-sample-service</module>
+        <module>osgi-intro-sample-client</module>
+    </modules>
+
+    <parent>
+        <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+        <artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
+        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <relativePath>..</relativePath>
+    </parent>
+
+    <dependencyManagement>
+        <dependencies>
+
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
+                <artifactId>osgi-intro-client</artifactId>
+                <version>${project.version}</version>
+            </dependency>
+
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
+                <artifactId>osgi-intro-service</artifactId>
+                <version>${project.version}</version>
+            </dependency>
+
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
+                <artifactId>osgi-intro-gxyz</artifactId>
+                <version>${project.version}</version>
+            </dependency>
+
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>${project.groupId}</groupId>
+                <artifactId>osgi-intro-mapquest</artifactId>
+                <version>${project.version}</version>
+            </dependency>
+
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>com.squareup.okhttp3</groupId>
+                <artifactId>okhttp</artifactId>
+                <version>3.9.0</version>
+            </dependency>
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>javax.json</groupId>
+                <artifactId>javax.json-api</artifactId>
+                <version>1.1</version>
+            </dependency>
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>org.glassfish</groupId>
+                <artifactId>javax.json</artifactId>
+                <version>1.1</version>
+            </dependency>
+            <dependency>
+                <groupId>org.osgi</groupId>
+                <artifactId>org.osgi.core</artifactId>
+                <version>5.0.0</version>
+                <scope>provided</scope>
+            </dependency>
+        </dependencies>
+    </dependencyManagement>
+
+    <build>
+        <pluginManagement>
+            <plugins>
+                <plugin>
+                    <groupId>org.apache.felix</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>maven-bundle-plugin</artifactId>
+                    <version>1.4.0</version>
+                    <extensions>true</extensions>
+                </plugin>
+            </plugins>
+        </pluginManagement>
+    </build>
+
+</project>

pom.xml

@@ -62,10 +62,10 @@
         <module>feign</module>
         <module>flyway</module>
 
-        <!-- <module>gatling</module> --> <!-- not meant to run as part of the standard build -->
+        <!-- <module>testing-modules/gatling</module> --> <!-- not meant to run as part of the standard build -->
 
         <module>geotools</module>
-        <module>groovy-spock</module>
+        <module>testing-modules/groovy-spock</module>
         <module>gson</module>
         <module>guava</module>
         <module>guava18</module>
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@
         <module>json-path</module>
         <module>json</module>
         <module>jsoup</module>
-        <module>junit5</module>
+        <module>testing-modules/junit-5</module>
         <module>jws</module>
 
         <module>libraries</module>
@@ -112,9 +112,9 @@
         <module>mapstruct</module>
         <module>metrics</module>
         <module>mesos-marathon</module>
-        <module>mockito</module>
+        <module>testing-modules/mockito</module>
-        <module>mockito2</module>
+        <module>testing-modules/mockito-2</module>
-        <module>mocks</module>
+        <module>testing-modules/mocks</module>
         <module>mustache</module>
         <module>noexception</module>
 
@@ -129,13 +129,13 @@
         <!-- <module>raml</module> -->
         <module>reactor-core</module>
         <module>persistence-modules/redis</module>
-        <module>rest-assured</module>
+        <module>testing-modules/rest-assured</module>
-        <module>rest-testing</module>
+        <module>testing-modules/rest-testing</module>
         <module>resteasy</module>
         <module>rxjava</module>
         <module>spring-swagger-codegen</module>
 
-        <module>selenium-junit-testng</module>
+        <module>testing-modules/selenium-junit-testng</module>
         <module>persistence-modules/solr</module>
         <module>spark-java</module>
       <!--  <module>spring-5</module>-->
@@ -235,8 +235,8 @@
 		<module>spring-rest-embedded-tomcat</module>
         
 
-        <module>testing</module>
+        <module>testing-modules/testing</module>
-        <module>testng</module>
+        <module>testing-modules/testng</module>
 
         <module>video-tutorials</module>
 
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@
         <module>drools</module>
         <module>persistence-modules/liquibase</module>
         <module>spring-boot-property-exp</module>
-        <module>mockserver</module>
+        <module>testing-modules/mockserver</module>
         <module>undertow</module>
         <module>vertx-and-rxjava</module>
         <module>saas</module>

spring-jpa/src/main/java/org/baeldung/sqlfiles/Country.java

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package org.baeldung.sqlfiles;
+
+import static javax.persistence.GenerationType.IDENTITY;
+
+import javax.persistence.Column;
+import javax.persistence.Entity;
+import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
+import javax.persistence.Id;
+
+@Entity
+public class Country {
+
+    @Id
+    @GeneratedValue(strategy = IDENTITY)
+    private Integer id;
+    
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private String name;
+    
+    public Integer getId() {
+        return id;
+    }
+    public void setId(Integer id) {
+        this.id = id;
+    }
+    public String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+    public void setName(String name) {
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+    
+}

spring-jpa/src/main/resources/data.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+INSERT INTO country (name) VALUES ('India');
+INSERT INTO country (name) VALUES ('Brazil');
+INSERT INTO country (name) VALUES ('USA');
+INSERT INTO country (name) VALUES ('Italy');
+COMMIT;

spring-jpa/src/main/resources/schema.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+CREATE TABLE country (
+    id   INTEGER      NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
+    name VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL,
+    PRIMARY KEY (id)
+);

spring-jpa/src/main/resources/sqlfiles.properties

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none

spring-security-mvc-boot/pom.xml

@@ -122,6 +122,25 @@
             <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId>
             <version>${jstl.version}</version>
         </dependency>
+        
+        <dependency>
+		    <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
+		    <artifactId>spring-security-acl</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+		    <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
+		    <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+		    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
+		    <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
+		</dependency>
+		<dependency>
+	        <groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId>
+	    	<artifactId>ehcache-core</artifactId>
+	    	<version>2.6.11</version>
+	    	<type>jar</type>
+        </dependency>
 
     </dependencies>
 

spring-security-mvc-boot/src/main/java/org/baeldung/acl/config/ACLContext.java

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+package org.baeldung.acl.config;
+
+import javax.sql.DataSource;
+
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
+import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
+import org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheFactoryBean;
+import org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManagerFactoryBean;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
+import org.springframework.security.access.expression.method.DefaultMethodSecurityExpressionHandler;
+import org.springframework.security.access.expression.method.MethodSecurityExpressionHandler;
+import org.springframework.security.acls.AclPermissionCacheOptimizer;
+import org.springframework.security.acls.AclPermissionEvaluator;
+import org.springframework.security.acls.domain.AclAuthorizationStrategy;
+import org.springframework.security.acls.domain.AclAuthorizationStrategyImpl;
+import org.springframework.security.acls.domain.ConsoleAuditLogger;
+import org.springframework.security.acls.domain.DefaultPermissionGrantingStrategy;
+import org.springframework.security.acls.domain.EhCacheBasedAclCache;
+import org.springframework.security.acls.jdbc.BasicLookupStrategy;
+import org.springframework.security.acls.jdbc.JdbcMutableAclService;
+import org.springframework.security.acls.jdbc.LookupStrategy;
+import org.springframework.security.acls.model.PermissionGrantingStrategy;
+import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
+
+@Configuration
+@EnableAutoConfiguration
+public class ACLContext {
+
+    @Autowired
+    DataSource dataSource;
+
+    @Bean
+    public EhCacheBasedAclCache aclCache() {
+        return new EhCacheBasedAclCache(aclEhCacheFactoryBean().getObject(), permissionGrantingStrategy(), aclAuthorizationStrategy());
+    }
+
+    @Bean
+    public EhCacheFactoryBean aclEhCacheFactoryBean() {
+        EhCacheFactoryBean ehCacheFactoryBean = new EhCacheFactoryBean();
+        ehCacheFactoryBean.setCacheManager(aclCacheManager().getObject());
+        ehCacheFactoryBean.setCacheName("aclCache");
+        return ehCacheFactoryBean;
+    }
+
+    @Bean
+    public EhCacheManagerFactoryBean aclCacheManager() {
+        return new EhCacheManagerFactoryBean();
+    }
+
+    @Bean
+    public PermissionGrantingStrategy permissionGrantingStrategy() {
+        return new DefaultPermissionGrantingStrategy(new ConsoleAuditLogger());
+    }
+
+    @Bean
+    public AclAuthorizationStrategy aclAuthorizationStrategy() {
+        return new AclAuthorizationStrategyImpl(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_ADMIN"));
+    }
+
+    @Bean
+    public MethodSecurityExpressionHandler defaultMethodSecurityExpressionHandler() {
+        DefaultMethodSecurityExpressionHandler expressionHandler = new DefaultMethodSecurityExpressionHandler();
+        AclPermissionEvaluator permissionEvaluator = new AclPermissionEvaluator(aclService());
+        expressionHandler.setPermissionEvaluator(permissionEvaluator);
+        expressionHandler.setPermissionCacheOptimizer(new AclPermissionCacheOptimizer(aclService()));
+        return expressionHandler;
+    }
+
+    @Bean
+    public LookupStrategy lookupStrategy() {
+        return new BasicLookupStrategy(dataSource, aclCache(), aclAuthorizationStrategy(), new ConsoleAuditLogger());
+    }
+
+    @Bean
+    public JdbcMutableAclService aclService() {
+        return new JdbcMutableAclService(dataSource, lookupStrategy(), aclCache());
+    }
+
+}

spring-security-mvc-boot/src/main/java/org/baeldung/acl/config/AclMethodSecurityConfiguration.java

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package org.baeldung.acl.config;
+
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
+import org.springframework.security.access.expression.method.MethodSecurityExpressionHandler;
+import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;
+import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.GlobalMethodSecurityConfiguration;
+
+@Configuration
+@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true, securedEnabled = true)
+public class AclMethodSecurityConfiguration extends GlobalMethodSecurityConfiguration {
+
+    @Autowired
+    MethodSecurityExpressionHandler defaultMethodSecurityExpressionHandler;
+
+    @Override
+    protected MethodSecurityExpressionHandler createExpressionHandler() {
+        return defaultMethodSecurityExpressionHandler;
+    }
+
+}

spring-security-mvc-boot/src/main/java/org/baeldung/acl/config/JPAPersistenceConfig.java

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package org.baeldung.acl.config;
+
+import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.domain.EntityScan;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
+import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
+import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;
+
+@Configuration
+@EnableTransactionManagement
+@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = "org.baeldung.acl.persistence.dao")
+@PropertySource("classpath:org.baeldung.acl.datasource.properties")
+@EntityScan(basePackages={ "org.baeldung.acl.persistence.entity" })
+public class JPAPersistenceConfig {
+    
+}

spring-security-mvc-boot/src/main/java/org/baeldung/acl/persistence/dao/NoticeMessageRepository.java

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package org.baeldung.acl.persistence.dao;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.baeldung.acl.persistence.entity.NoticeMessage;
+import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
+import org.springframework.data.repository.query.Param;
+import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PostAuthorize;
+import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PostFilter;
+import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
+
+public interface NoticeMessageRepository extends JpaRepository<NoticeMessage, Long>{
+    
+    @PostFilter("hasPermission(filterObject, 'READ')")
+    List<NoticeMessage> findAll();
+    
+    @PostAuthorize("hasPermission(returnObject, 'READ')")
+    NoticeMessage findById(Integer id);
+    
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+    @PreAuthorize("hasPermission(#noticeMessage, 'WRITE')")
+    NoticeMessage save(@Param("noticeMessage")NoticeMessage noticeMessage);
+
+}

spring-security-mvc-boot/src/main/java/org/baeldung/acl/persistence/entity/NoticeMessage.java

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package org.baeldung.acl.persistence.entity;
+
+import javax.persistence.Column;
+import javax.persistence.Entity;
+import javax.persistence.Id;
+import javax.persistence.Table;
+
+@Entity
+@Table(name="system_message")
+public class NoticeMessage {
+
+    @Id
+    @Column
+    private Integer id;
+    @Column
+    private String content;
+    public Integer getId() {
+        return id;
+    }
+    public void setId(Integer id) {
+        this.id = id;
+    }
+    public String getContent() {
+        return content;
+    }
+    public void setContent(String content) {
+        this.content = content;
+    }
+}

spring-security-mvc-boot/src/main/resources/acl-data.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+INSERT INTO system_message(id,content) VALUES (1,'First Level Message');
+INSERT INTO system_message(id,content) VALUES (2,'Second Level Message');
+INSERT INTO system_message(id,content) VALUES (3,'Third Level Message');
+
+INSERT INTO acl_class (id, class) VALUES
+(1, 'org.baeldung.acl.persistence.entity.NoticeMessage');
+
+INSERT INTO acl_sid (id, principal, sid) VALUES
+(1, 1, 'manager'),
+(2, 1, 'hr'),
+(3, 1, 'admin'),
+(4, 0, 'ROLE_EDITOR');
+
+INSERT INTO acl_object_identity (id, object_id_class, object_id_identity, parent_object, owner_sid, entries_inheriting) VALUES
+(1, 1, 1, NULL, 3, 0),
+(2, 1, 2, NULL, 3, 0),
+(3, 1, 3, NULL, 3, 0)
+;
+
+INSERT INTO acl_entry (id, acl_object_identity, ace_order, sid, mask, granting, audit_success, audit_failure) VALUES
+(1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1),
+(2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1),
+(3, 1, 3, 4, 1, 1, 1, 1),
+(4, 2, 1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1),
+(5, 2, 2, 4, 1, 1, 1, 1),
+(6, 3, 1, 4, 1, 1, 1, 1),
+(7, 3, 2, 4, 2, 1, 1, 1)
+;

spring-security-mvc-boot/src/main/resources/acl-schema.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+create table system_message (id integer not null, content varchar(255), primary key (id));
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS acl_sid (
+  id bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
+  principal tinyint(1) NOT NULL,
+  sid varchar(100) NOT NULL,
+  PRIMARY KEY (id),
+  UNIQUE KEY unique_uk_1 (sid,principal)
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS acl_class (
+  id bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
+  class varchar(255) NOT NULL,
+  PRIMARY KEY (id),
+  UNIQUE KEY unique_uk_2 (class)
+);
+ 
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS acl_entry (
+  id bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
+  acl_object_identity bigint(20) NOT NULL,
+  ace_order int(11) NOT NULL,
+  sid bigint(20) NOT NULL,
+  mask int(11) NOT NULL,
+  granting tinyint(1) NOT NULL,
+  audit_success tinyint(1) NOT NULL,
+  audit_failure tinyint(1) NOT NULL,
+  PRIMARY KEY (id),
+  UNIQUE KEY unique_uk_4 (acl_object_identity,ace_order)
+);
+ 
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS acl_object_identity (
+  id bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
+  object_id_class bigint(20) NOT NULL,
+  object_id_identity bigint(20) NOT NULL,
+  parent_object bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
+  owner_sid bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,
+  entries_inheriting tinyint(1) NOT NULL,
+  PRIMARY KEY (id),
+  UNIQUE KEY unique_uk_3 (object_id_class,object_id_identity)
+);
+ 
+ALTER TABLE acl_entry
+ADD FOREIGN KEY (acl_object_identity) REFERENCES acl_object_identity(id);
+
+ALTER TABLE acl_entry
+ADD FOREIGN KEY (sid) REFERENCES acl_sid(id);
+ 
+--
+-- Constraints for table acl_object_identity
+--
+ALTER TABLE acl_object_identity
+ADD FOREIGN KEY (parent_object) REFERENCES acl_object_identity (id);
+
+ALTER TABLE acl_object_identity
+ADD FOREIGN KEY (object_id_class) REFERENCES acl_class (id);
+
+ALTER TABLE acl_object_identity
+ADD FOREIGN KEY (owner_sid) REFERENCES acl_sid (id);

spring-security-mvc-boot/src/main/resources/org.baeldung.acl.datasource.properties

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:testdb;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE
+spring.datasource.username=sa
+spring.datasource.password=
+spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver
+spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update
+spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect
+
+spring.h2.console.path=/myconsole
+spring.h2.console.enabled=true
+spring.datasource.initialize=true
+spring.datasource.schema=classpath:acl-schema.sql
+spring.datasource.data=classpath:acl-data.sql

spring-security-mvc-boot/src/test/java/org/baeldung/acl/SpringAclTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+package org.baeldung.acl;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+import org.baeldung.acl.persistence.dao.NoticeMessageRepository;
+import org.baeldung.acl.persistence.entity.NoticeMessage;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
+import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
+import org.springframework.security.test.context.support.WithMockUser;
+import org.springframework.security.test.context.support.WithSecurityContextTestExecutionListener;
+import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
+import org.springframework.test.context.TestExecutionListeners;
+import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests;
+import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
+import org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener;
+import org.springframework.test.context.support.DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener;
+import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionalTestExecutionListener;
+import org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener;
+
+@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
+@ContextConfiguration
+@TestExecutionListeners(listeners={ServletTestExecutionListener.class,
+        DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class,
+        DirtiesContextTestExecutionListener.class,
+        TransactionalTestExecutionListener.class,
+        WithSecurityContextTestExecutionListener.class})
+public class SpringAclTest extends AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests{
+    
+    private static Integer FIRST_MESSAGE_ID = 1;
+    private static Integer SECOND_MESSAGE_ID = 2;
+    private static Integer THIRD_MESSAGE_ID = 3;
+    private static String EDITTED_CONTENT = "EDITED";
+    
+    @Configuration
+    @ComponentScan("org.baeldung.acl.*")
+    public static class SpringConfig {
+
+    }
+    
+    @Autowired
+    NoticeMessageRepository repo;
+    
+    @Test
+    @WithMockUser(username="manager")
+    public void givenUsernameManager_whenFindAllMessage_thenReturnFirstMessage(){
+        List<NoticeMessage> details = repo.findAll();
+        assertNotNull(details);
+        assertEquals(1,details.size());
+        assertEquals(FIRST_MESSAGE_ID,details.get(0).getId());
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    @WithMockUser(username="manager")
+    public void givenUsernameManager_whenFindFirstMessageByIdAndUpdateFirstMessageContent_thenOK(){
+        NoticeMessage firstMessage = repo.findById(FIRST_MESSAGE_ID);
+        assertNotNull(firstMessage);
+        assertEquals(FIRST_MESSAGE_ID,firstMessage.getId());
+        
+        firstMessage.setContent(EDITTED_CONTENT);
+        repo.save(firstMessage);
+        
+        NoticeMessage editedFirstMessage = repo.findById(FIRST_MESSAGE_ID);
+        assertNotNull(editedFirstMessage);
+        assertEquals(FIRST_MESSAGE_ID,editedFirstMessage.getId());
+        assertEquals(EDITTED_CONTENT,editedFirstMessage.getContent());
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    @WithMockUser(username="hr")
+    public void givenUsernameHr_whenFindMessageById2_thenOK(){
+        NoticeMessage secondMessage = repo.findById(SECOND_MESSAGE_ID);
+        assertNotNull(secondMessage);
+        assertEquals(SECOND_MESSAGE_ID,secondMessage.getId());
+    }
+    
+    @Test(expected=AccessDeniedException.class)
+    @WithMockUser(username="hr")
+    public void givenUsernameHr_whenUpdateMessageWithId2_thenFail(){
+        NoticeMessage secondMessage = new NoticeMessage();
+        secondMessage.setId(SECOND_MESSAGE_ID);
+        secondMessage.setContent(EDITTED_CONTENT);
+        repo.save(secondMessage);
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    @WithMockUser(roles={"EDITOR"})
+    public void givenRoleEditor_whenFindAllMessage_thenReturnThreeMessage(){
+        List<NoticeMessage> details = repo.findAll();
+        assertNotNull(details);
+        assertEquals(3,details.size());
+    }
+    
+    @Test
+    @WithMockUser(roles={"EDITOR"})
+    public void givenRoleEditor_whenUpdateThirdMessage_thenOK(){
+        NoticeMessage thirdMessage = new NoticeMessage();
+        thirdMessage.setId(THIRD_MESSAGE_ID);
+        thirdMessage.setContent(EDITTED_CONTENT);
+        repo.save(thirdMessage);
+    }
+    
+    @Test(expected=AccessDeniedException.class)
+    @WithMockUser(roles={"EDITOR"})
+    public void givenRoleEditor_whenFindFirstMessageByIdAndUpdateFirstMessageContent_thenFail(){
+        NoticeMessage firstMessage = repo.findById(FIRST_MESSAGE_ID);
+        assertNotNull(firstMessage);
+        assertEquals(FIRST_MESSAGE_ID,firstMessage.getId());
+        firstMessage.setContent(EDITTED_CONTENT);
+        repo.save(firstMessage);
+    }
+}
+    

testing-modules/groovy-spock/pom.xml

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
         <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
         <artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
         <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <relativePath>../</relativePath>
     </parent>
 
     <build>

testing-modules/junit-5/pom.xml

@@ -4,16 +4,17 @@
     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 
     <!-- NOT NEEDED - JSP <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>-->
-    <artifactId>junit5</artifactId>
+    <artifactId>junit-5</artifactId>
     <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
 
-    <name>junit5</name>
+    <name>junit-5</name>
     <description>Intro to JUnit 5</description>
 	
     <parent>
         <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
         <artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
         <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+        <relativePath>../</relativePath>        
     </parent>
 
     <properties>