diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/.gitignore b/play-framework/introduction/.gitignore
index eb372fc719..e497f3fc67 100644
--- a/play-framework/introduction/.gitignore
+++ b/play-framework/introduction/.gitignore
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 logs
 target
 /.idea
+/.g8
 /.idea_modules
 /.classpath
 /.project
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/LICENSE b/play-framework/introduction/LICENSE
deleted file mode 100644
index 4baedcb95f..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/introduction/LICENSE
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-This software is licensed under the Apache 2 license, quoted below.
-
-Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this project except in compliance with
-the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
-
-Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an
-"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific
-language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/README b/play-framework/introduction/README
deleted file mode 100644
index f21d092edf..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/introduction/README
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-This is your new Play application
-=================================
-
-This file will be packaged with your application when using `activator dist`.
-
-There are several demonstration files available in this template.
-
-Controllers
-===========
-
-- HomeController.java:
-
-  Shows how to handle simple HTTP requests.
-
-- AsyncController.java:
-
-  Shows how to do asynchronous programming when handling a request.
-
-- CountController.java:
-
-  Shows how to inject a component into a controller and use the component when
-  handling requests.
-
-Components
-==========
-
-- Module.java:
-
-  Shows how to use Guice to bind all the components needed by your application.
-
-- Counter.java:
-
-  An example of a component that contains state, in this case a simple counter.
-
-- ApplicationTimer.java:
-
-  An example of a component that starts when the application starts and stops
-  when the application stops.
-
-Filters
-=======
-
-- Filters.java:
-
-  Creates the list of HTTP filters used by your application.
-
-- ExampleFilter.java
-
-  A simple filter that adds a header to every response.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/app/Filters.java b/play-framework/introduction/app/Filters.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 255de8ca93..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/introduction/app/Filters.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-import javax.inject.*;
-import play.*;
-import play.mvc.EssentialFilter;
-import play.http.HttpFilters;
-import play.mvc.*;
-
-import filters.ExampleFilter;
-
-/**
- * This class configures filters that run on every request. This
- * class is queried by Play to get a list of filters.
- *
- * Play will automatically use filters from any class called
- * <code>Filters</code> that is placed the root package. You can load filters
- * from a different class by adding a `play.http.filters` setting to
- * the <code>application.conf</code> configuration file.
- */
-@Singleton
-public class Filters implements HttpFilters {
-
-    private final Environment env;
-    private final EssentialFilter exampleFilter;
-
-    /**
-     * @param env Basic environment settings for the current application.
-     * @param exampleFilter A demonstration filter that adds a header to
-     */
-    @Inject
-    public Filters(Environment env, ExampleFilter exampleFilter) {
-        this.env = env;
-        this.exampleFilter = exampleFilter;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public EssentialFilter[] filters() {
-      // Use the example filter if we're running development mode. If
-      // we're running in production or test mode then don't use any
-      // filters at all.
-      if (env.mode().equals(Mode.DEV)) {
-          return new EssentialFilter[] { exampleFilter };
-      } else {
-         return new EssentialFilter[] {};
-      }
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/app/Module.java b/play-framework/introduction/app/Module.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 6e7d1766ef..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/introduction/app/Module.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-import com.google.inject.AbstractModule;
-import java.time.Clock;
-
-import services.ApplicationTimer;
-import services.AtomicCounter;
-import services.Counter;
-
-/**
- * This class is a Guice module that tells Guice how to bind several
- * different types. This Guice module is created when the Play
- * application starts.
- *
- * Play will automatically use any class called `Module` that is in
- * the root package. You can create modules in other locations by
- * adding `play.modules.enabled` settings to the `application.conf`
- * configuration file.
- */
-public class Module extends AbstractModule {
-
-    @Override
-    public void configure() {
-        // Use the system clock as the default implementation of Clock
-        bind(Clock.class).toInstance(Clock.systemDefaultZone());
-        // Ask Guice to create an instance of ApplicationTimer when the
-        // application starts.
-        bind(ApplicationTimer.class).asEagerSingleton();
-        // Set AtomicCounter as the implementation for Counter.
-        bind(Counter.class).to(AtomicCounter.class);
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/app/controllers/AsyncController.java b/play-framework/introduction/app/controllers/AsyncController.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 92c84bb755..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/introduction/app/controllers/AsyncController.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-package controllers;
-
-import akka.actor.ActorSystem;
-
-import javax.inject.*;
-
-import play.*;
-import play.mvc.*;
-
-import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
-import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
-import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
-import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
-
-import scala.concurrent.duration.Duration;
-import scala.concurrent.ExecutionContextExecutor;
-
-/**
- * This controller contains an action that demonstrates how to write
- * simple asynchronous code in a controller. It uses a timer to
- * asynchronously delay sending a response for 1 second.
- *
- * @param actorSystem We need the {@link ActorSystem}'s
- *                    {@link Scheduler} to run code after a delay.
- * @param exec        We need a Java {@link Executor} to apply the result
- *                    of the {@link CompletableFuture} and a Scala
- *                    {@link ExecutionContext} so we can use the Akka {@link Scheduler}.
- *                    An {@link ExecutionContextExecutor} implements both interfaces.
- */
-@Singleton
-public class AsyncController extends Controller {
-
-    private final ActorSystem actorSystem;
-    private final ExecutionContextExecutor exec;
-
-    @Inject
-    public AsyncController(ActorSystem actorSystem, ExecutionContextExecutor exec) {
-        this.actorSystem = actorSystem;
-        this.exec = exec;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * An action that returns a plain text message after a delay
-     * of 1 second.
-     * <p>
-     * The configuration in the <code>routes</code> file means that this method
-     * will be called when the application receives a <code>GET</code> request with
-     * a path of <code>/message</code>.
-     */
-    public CompletionStage<Result> message() {
-        return getFutureMessage(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS).thenApplyAsync(Results::ok, exec);
-    }
-
-    private CompletionStage<String> getFutureMessage(long time, TimeUnit timeUnit) {
-        CompletableFuture<String> future = new CompletableFuture<>();
-        actorSystem.scheduler().scheduleOnce(
-          Duration.create(time, timeUnit),
-          () -> future.complete("Hi!"),
-          exec
-        );
-        return future;
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/app/controllers/CountController.java b/play-framework/introduction/app/controllers/CountController.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 02fcb15f8e..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/introduction/app/controllers/CountController.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-package controllers;
-
-import javax.inject.*;
-import play.*;
-import play.mvc.*;
-
-import services.Counter;
-
-/**
- * This controller demonstrates how to use dependency injection to
- * bind a component into a controller class. The class contains an
- * action that shows an incrementing count to users. The {@link Counter}
- * object is injected by the Guice dependency injection system.
- */
-@Singleton
-public class CountController extends Controller {
-
-    private final Counter counter;
-
-    @Inject
-    public CountController(Counter counter) {
-       this.counter = counter;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * An action that responds with the {@link Counter}'s current
-     * count. The result is plain text. This action is mapped to
-     * <code>GET</code> requests with a path of <code>/count</code>
-     * requests by an entry in the <code>routes</code> config file.
-     */
-    public Result count() {
-        return ok(Integer.toString(counter.nextCount()));
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/app/controllers/HomeController.java b/play-framework/introduction/app/controllers/HomeController.java
index 6a79856eb4..9b1146886e 100644
--- a/play-framework/introduction/app/controllers/HomeController.java
+++ b/play-framework/introduction/app/controllers/HomeController.java
@@ -1,14 +1,25 @@
 package controllers;
 
+import play.libs.concurrent.HttpExecutionContext;
 import play.mvc.*;
+import play.twirl.api.Html;
 
-import views.html.*;
+import javax.inject.Inject;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+
+import static java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture.supplyAsync;
 
 /**
  * This controller contains an action to handle HTTP requests
  * to the application's home page.
  */
 public class HomeController extends Controller {
+    private HttpExecutionContext ec;
+
+    @Inject
+    public HomeController(HttpExecutionContext ec) {
+        this.ec = ec;
+    }
 
     /**
      * An action that renders an HTML page with a welcome message.
@@ -17,7 +28,41 @@ public class HomeController extends Controller {
      * <code>GET</code> request with a path of <code>/</code>.
      */
     public Result index() {
-        return ok(index.render("Your new application is ready."));
+        return ok(views.html.index.render());
     }
 
+    public Result applyHtml() {
+        return ok(Html.apply("<h1>This text will appear as a heading 1</h1>"));
+    }
+
+    public Result badRequestPage() {
+        return badRequest("Your request data has issues.");
+    }
+
+    public Result notFoundPage() {
+        return notFound("Could not find the page you requested.");
+    }
+
+    public Result customContentType() {
+        return ok("This is some text content").as("text/html");
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Result> asyncOperation() {
+        return supplyAsync(() -> {
+            return longRunningTask();
+        }, ec.current())
+                .thenApplyAsync(s -> {
+                    return ok("Got result -> " + s);
+                }, ec.current());
+    }
+
+    private String longRunningTask() {
+        return "Long running task has completed";
+    }
+
+    public Result setHeaders() {
+        return ok("This is some text content")
+                .as("text/html")
+                .withHeader("Header-Key", "Some value");
+    }
 }
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/app/controllers/StudentController.java b/play-framework/introduction/app/controllers/StudentController.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 8b759b9598..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/introduction/app/controllers/StudentController.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-package controllers;
-
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
-import models.Student;
-import models.StudentStore;
-import play.libs.Json;
-import play.mvc.Controller;
-import play.mvc.Result;
-import util.Util;
-
-import java.util.Set;
-
-public class StudentController extends Controller {
-    public Result create() {
-        JsonNode json = request().body().asJson();
-        if (json == null) {
-            return badRequest(Util.createResponse("Expecting Json data", false));
-        }
-        Student student = StudentStore.getInstance().addStudent(Json.fromJson(json, Student.class));
-        JsonNode jsonObject = Json.toJson(student);
-        return created(Util.createResponse(jsonObject, true));
-    }
-
-    public Result update() {
-        JsonNode json = request().body().asJson();
-        if (json == null) {
-            return badRequest(Util.createResponse("Expecting Json data", false));
-        }
-        Student student = StudentStore.getInstance().updateStudent(Json.fromJson(json, Student.class));
-        if (student == null) {
-            return notFound(Util.createResponse("Student not found", false));
-        }
-
-        JsonNode jsonObject = Json.toJson(student);
-        return ok(Util.createResponse(jsonObject, true));
-    }
-
-    public Result retrieve(int id) {
-        if (StudentStore.getInstance().getStudent(id) == null) {
-            return notFound(Util.createResponse("Student with id:" + id + " not found", false));
-        }
-        JsonNode jsonObjects = Json.toJson(StudentStore.getInstance().getStudent(id));
-        return ok(Util.createResponse(jsonObjects, true));
-    }
-
-    public Result listStudents() {
-        Set<Student> result = StudentStore.getInstance().getAllStudents();
-        ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
-
-        JsonNode jsonData = mapper.convertValue(result, JsonNode.class);
-        return ok(Util.createResponse(jsonData, true));
-
-    }
-
-    public Result delete(int id) {
-        if (!StudentStore.getInstance().deleteStudent(id)) {
-            return notFound(Util.createResponse("Student with id:" + id + " not found", false));
-        }
-        return ok(Util.createResponse("Student with id:" + id + " deleted", true));
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/app/filters/ExampleFilter.java b/play-framework/introduction/app/filters/ExampleFilter.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 67a6a36cc3..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/introduction/app/filters/ExampleFilter.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-package filters;
-
-import akka.stream.Materializer;
-import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
-import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
-import java.util.function.Function;
-import javax.inject.*;
-import play.mvc.*;
-import play.mvc.Http.RequestHeader;
-
-
-/**
- * This is a simple filter that adds a header to all requests. It's
- * added to the application's list of filters by the
- * {@link Filters} class.
- */
-@Singleton
-public class ExampleFilter extends Filter {
-
-    private final Executor exec;
-
-    /**
-     * @param mat This object is needed to handle streaming of requests
-     * and responses.
-     * @param exec This class is needed to execute code asynchronously.
-     * It is used below by the <code>thenAsyncApply</code> method.
-     */
-    @Inject
-    public ExampleFilter(Materializer mat, Executor exec) {
-        super(mat);
-        this.exec = exec;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public CompletionStage<Result> apply(
-        Function<RequestHeader, CompletionStage<Result>> next,
-        RequestHeader requestHeader) {
-
-        return next.apply(requestHeader).thenApplyAsync(
-            result -> result.withHeader("X-ExampleFilter", "foo"),
-            exec
-        );
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/app/models/StudentStore.java b/play-framework/introduction/app/models/StudentStore.java
deleted file mode 100644
index add6a5dbd6..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/introduction/app/models/StudentStore.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-package models;
-
-import java.util.HashMap;
-import java.util.HashSet;
-import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.Set;
-
-public class StudentStore {
-    private static StudentStore instance;
-    private Map<Integer, Student> students = new HashMap<>();
-
-    public static StudentStore getInstance() {
-        if (instance == null) {
-            instance = new StudentStore();
-        }
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    public Student addStudent(Student student) {
-        int id = students.size();
-        student.setId(id);
-        students.put(id, student);
-        return student;
-    }
-
-    public Student getStudent(int id) {
-        return students.get(id);
-    }
-
-    public Set<Student> getAllStudents() {
-        return new HashSet<>(students.values());
-    }
-
-    public Student updateStudent(Student student) {
-        int id = student.getId();
-        if (students.containsKey(id)) {
-            students.put(id, student);
-            return student;
-        }
-        return null;
-    }
-
-    public boolean deleteStudent(int id) {
-        return students.remove(id) != null;
-    }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/app/services/ApplicationTimer.java b/play-framework/introduction/app/services/ApplicationTimer.java
deleted file mode 100644
index a951562b1d..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/introduction/app/services/ApplicationTimer.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-package services;
-
-import java.time.Clock;
-import java.time.Instant;
-import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
-import javax.inject.*;
-import play.Logger;
-import play.inject.ApplicationLifecycle;
-
-/**
- * This class demonstrates how to run code when the
- * application starts and stops. It starts a timer when the
- * application starts. When the application stops it prints out how
- * long the application was running for.
- *
- * This class is registered for Guice dependency injection in the
- * {@link Module} class. We want the class to start when the application
- * starts, so it is registered as an "eager singleton". See the code
- * in the {@link Module} class to see how this happens.
- *
- * This class needs to run code when the server stops. It uses the
- * application's {@link ApplicationLifecycle} to register a stop hook.
- */
-@Singleton
-public class ApplicationTimer {
-
-    private final Clock clock;
-    private final ApplicationLifecycle appLifecycle;
-    private final Instant start;
-
-    @Inject
-    public ApplicationTimer(Clock clock, ApplicationLifecycle appLifecycle) {
-        this.clock = clock;
-        this.appLifecycle = appLifecycle;
-        // This code is called when the application starts.
-        start = clock.instant();
-        Logger.info("ApplicationTimer demo: Starting application at " + start);
-
-        // When the application starts, register a stop hook with the
-        // ApplicationLifecycle object. The code inside the stop hook will
-        // be run when the application stops.
-        appLifecycle.addStopHook(() -> {
-            Instant stop = clock.instant();
-            Long runningTime = stop.getEpochSecond() - start.getEpochSecond();
-            Logger.info("ApplicationTimer demo: Stopping application at " + clock.instant() + " after " + runningTime + "s.");
-            return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(null);
-        });
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/app/services/AtomicCounter.java b/play-framework/introduction/app/services/AtomicCounter.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 41f741cbf7..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/introduction/app/services/AtomicCounter.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-package services;
-
-import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
-import javax.inject.*;
-
-/**
- * This class is a concrete implementation of the {@link Counter} trait.
- * It is configured for Guice dependency injection in the {@link Module}
- * class.
- *
- * This class has a {@link Singleton} annotation because we need to make
- * sure we only use one counter per application. Without this
- * annotation we would get a new instance every time a {@link Counter} is
- * injected.
- */
-@Singleton
-public class AtomicCounter implements Counter {
-
-    private final AtomicInteger atomicCounter = new AtomicInteger();
-
-    @Override
-    public int nextCount() {
-       return atomicCounter.getAndIncrement();
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/app/services/Counter.java b/play-framework/introduction/app/services/Counter.java
deleted file mode 100644
index dadad8b09d..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/introduction/app/services/Counter.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-package services;
-
-/**
- * This interface demonstrates how to create a component that is injected
- * into a controller. The interface represents a counter that returns a
- * incremented number each time it is called.
- *
- * The {@link Modules} class binds this interface to the
- * {@link AtomicCounter} implementation.
- */
-public interface Counter {
-    int nextCount();
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/app/views/index.scala.html b/play-framework/introduction/app/views/index.scala.html
index 4539f5a10b..68d37fb1d4 100644
--- a/play-framework/introduction/app/views/index.scala.html
+++ b/play-framework/introduction/app/views/index.scala.html
@@ -1,20 +1,5 @@
-@*
- * This template takes a single argument, a String containing a
- * message to display.
- *@
-@(message: String)
+@()
 
-@*
- * Call the `main` template with two arguments. The first
- * argument is a `String` with the title of the page, the second
- * argument is an `Html` object containing the body of the page.
- *@
 @main("Welcome to Play") {
-
-    @*
-     * Get an `Html` object by calling the built-in Play welcome
-     * template and passing a `String` message.
-     *@
-    @play20.welcome(message, style = "Java")
-
+  <h1>Welcome to Play!</h1>
 }
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/app/views/main.scala.html b/play-framework/introduction/app/views/main.scala.html
index 9414f4be6e..c5f755f236 100644
--- a/play-framework/introduction/app/views/main.scala.html
+++ b/play-framework/introduction/app/views/main.scala.html
@@ -13,11 +13,12 @@
         <title>@title</title>
         <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="@routes.Assets.versioned("stylesheets/main.css")">
         <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="@routes.Assets.versioned("images/favicon.png")">
-        <script src="@routes.Assets.versioned("javascripts/hello.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
     </head>
     <body>
         @* And here's where we render the `Html` object containing
          * the page content. *@
         @content
+
+        <script src="@routes.Assets.versioned("javascripts/main.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
     </body>
 </html>
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/bin/activator b/play-framework/introduction/bin/activator
deleted file mode 100644
index a8b11d482f..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/introduction/bin/activator
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,397 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-
-###  ------------------------------- ###
-###  Helper methods for BASH scripts ###
-###  ------------------------------- ###
-
-realpath () {
-(
-  TARGET_FILE="$1"
-  FIX_CYGPATH="$2"
-
-  cd "$(dirname "$TARGET_FILE")"
-  TARGET_FILE=$(basename "$TARGET_FILE")
-
-  COUNT=0
-  while [ -L "$TARGET_FILE" -a $COUNT -lt 100 ]
-  do
-      TARGET_FILE=$(readlink "$TARGET_FILE")
-      cd "$(dirname "$TARGET_FILE")"
-      TARGET_FILE=$(basename "$TARGET_FILE")
-      COUNT=$(($COUNT + 1))
-  done
-
-  # make sure we grab the actual windows path, instead of cygwin's path.
-  if [[ "x$FIX_CYGPATH" != "x" ]]; then
-    echo "$(cygwinpath "$(pwd -P)/$TARGET_FILE")"
-  else
-    echo "$(pwd -P)/$TARGET_FILE"
-  fi
-)
-}
-
-
-# Uses uname to detect if we're in the odd cygwin environment.
-is_cygwin() {
-  local os=$(uname -s)
-  case "$os" in
-    CYGWIN*) return 0 ;;
-    *)  return 1 ;;
-  esac
-}
-
-# TODO - Use nicer bash-isms here.
-CYGWIN_FLAG=$(if is_cygwin; then echo true; else echo false; fi)
-
-
-# This can fix cygwin style /cygdrive paths so we get the
-# windows style paths.
-cygwinpath() {
-  local file="$1"
-  if [[ "$CYGWIN_FLAG" == "true" ]]; then
-    echo $(cygpath -w $file)
-  else
-    echo $file
-  fi
-}
-
-# Make something URI friendly
-make_url() {
-  url="$1"
-  local nospaces=${url// /%20}
-  if is_cygwin; then
-    echo "/${nospaces//\\//}"
-  else
-    echo "$nospaces"
-  fi
-}
-
-declare -a residual_args
-declare -a java_args
-declare -a scalac_args
-declare -a sbt_commands
-declare java_cmd=java
-declare java_version
-declare -r real_script_path="$(realpath "$0")"
-declare -r sbt_home="$(realpath "$(dirname "$(dirname "$real_script_path")")")"
-declare -r sbt_bin_dir="$(dirname "$real_script_path")"
-declare -r app_version="1.3.10"
-
-declare -r script_name=activator
-declare -r java_opts=( "${ACTIVATOR_OPTS[@]}" "${SBT_OPTS[@]}" "${JAVA_OPTS[@]}" "${java_opts[@]}" )
-userhome="$HOME"
-if is_cygwin; then
-  # cygwin sets home to something f-d up, set to real windows homedir
-  userhome="$USERPROFILE"
-fi
-declare -r activator_user_home_dir="${userhome}/.activator"
-declare -r java_opts_config_home="${activator_user_home_dir}/activatorconfig.txt"
-declare -r java_opts_config_version="${activator_user_home_dir}/${app_version}/activatorconfig.txt"
-
-echoerr () {
-  echo 1>&2 "$@"
-}
-vlog () {
-  [[ $verbose || $debug ]] && echoerr "$@"
-}
-dlog () {
-  [[ $debug ]] && echoerr "$@"
-}
-
-jar_file () {
-  echo "$(cygwinpath "${sbt_home}/libexec/activator-launch-${app_version}.jar")"
-}
-
-acquire_sbt_jar () {
-  sbt_jar="$(jar_file)"
-
-  if [[ ! -f "$sbt_jar" ]]; then
-    echoerr "Could not find launcher jar: $sbt_jar"
-    exit 2
-  fi
-}
-
-execRunner () {
-  # print the arguments one to a line, quoting any containing spaces
-  [[ $verbose || $debug ]] && echo "# Executing command line:" && {
-    for arg; do
-      if printf "%s\n" "$arg" | grep -q ' '; then
-        printf "\"%s\"\n" "$arg"
-      else
-        printf "%s\n" "$arg"
-      fi
-    done
-    echo ""
-  }
-
-  # THis used to be exec, but we loose the ability to re-hook stty then
-  # for cygwin...  Maybe we should flag the feature here...
-  "$@"
-}
-
-addJava () {
-  dlog "[addJava] arg = '$1'"
-  java_args=( "${java_args[@]}" "$1" )
-}
-addSbt () {
-  dlog "[addSbt] arg = '$1'"
-  sbt_commands=( "${sbt_commands[@]}" "$1" )
-}
-addResidual () {
-  dlog "[residual] arg = '$1'"
-  residual_args=( "${residual_args[@]}" "$1" )
-}
-addDebugger () {
-  addJava "-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=$1"
-}
-
-get_mem_opts () {
-  # if we detect any of these settings in ${JAVA_OPTS} we need to NOT output our settings.
-  # The reason is the Xms/Xmx, if they don't line up, cause errors.
-  if [[ "${JAVA_OPTS}" == *-Xmx* ]] || [[ "${JAVA_OPTS}" == *-Xms* ]] || [[ "${JAVA_OPTS}" == *-XX:MaxPermSize* ]] || [[ "${JAVA_OPTS}" == *-XX:MaxMetaspaceSize* ]] || [[ "${JAVA_OPTS}" == *-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize* ]]; then
-     echo ""
-  else
-    # a ham-fisted attempt to move some memory settings in concert
-    # so they need not be messed around with individually.
-    local mem=${1:-1024}
-    local codecache=$(( $mem / 8 ))
-    (( $codecache > 128 )) || codecache=128
-    (( $codecache < 512 )) || codecache=512
-    local class_metadata_size=$(( $codecache * 2 ))
-    local class_metadata_opt=$([[ "$java_version" < "1.8" ]] && echo "MaxPermSize" || echo "MaxMetaspaceSize")
-
-    echo "-Xms${mem}m -Xmx${mem}m -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=${codecache}m -XX:${class_metadata_opt}=${class_metadata_size}m"
-  fi
-}
-
-require_arg () {
-  local type="$1"
-  local opt="$2"
-  local arg="$3"
-  if [[ -z "$arg" ]] || [[ "${arg:0:1}" == "-" ]]; then
-    echo "$opt requires <$type> argument"
-    exit 1
-  fi
-}
-
-is_function_defined() {
-  declare -f "$1" > /dev/null
-}
-
-# If we're *not* running in a terminal, and we don't have any arguments, then we need to add the 'ui' parameter
-detect_terminal_for_ui() {
-  [[ ! -t 0 ]] && [[ "${#residual_args}" == "0" ]] && {
-    addResidual "ui"
-  }
-  # SPECIAL TEST FOR MAC
-  [[ "$(uname)" == "Darwin" ]] && [[ "$HOME" == "$PWD" ]] && [[ "${#residual_args}" == "0" ]] && {
-    echo "Detected MAC OSX launched script...."
-    echo "Swapping to UI"
-    addResidual "ui"
-  }
-}
-
-process_args () {
-  while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
-    case "$1" in
-       -h|-help) usage; exit 1 ;;
-    -v|-verbose) verbose=1 && shift ;;
-      -d|-debug) debug=1 && shift ;;
-
-           -ivy) require_arg path "$1" "$2" && addJava "-Dsbt.ivy.home=$2" && shift 2 ;;
-           -mem) require_arg integer "$1" "$2" && sbt_mem="$2" && shift 2 ;;
-     -jvm-debug) require_arg port "$1" "$2" && addDebugger $2 && shift 2 ;;
-         -batch) exec </dev/null && shift ;;
-
-       -sbt-jar) require_arg path "$1" "$2" && sbt_jar="$2" && shift 2 ;;
-   -sbt-version) require_arg version "$1" "$2" && sbt_version="$2" && shift 2 ;;
-     -java-home) require_arg path "$1" "$2" && java_cmd="$2/bin/java" && shift 2 ;;
-
-            -D*) addJava "$1" && shift ;;
-            -J*) addJava "${1:2}" && shift ;;
-              *) addResidual "$1" && shift ;;
-    esac
-  done
-
-  is_function_defined process_my_args && {
-    myargs=("${residual_args[@]}")
-    residual_args=()
-    process_my_args "${myargs[@]}"
-  }
-
-  java_version=$("$java_cmd" -Xmx512M -version 2>&1 | awk -F '"' '/version/ {print $2}')
-  vlog "[process_args] java_version = '$java_version'"
-}
-
-# Detect that we have java installed.
-checkJava() {
-  local required_version="$1"
-  # Now check to see if it's a good enough version
-  if [[ "$java_version" == "" ]]; then
-    echo
-    echo No java installations was detected.
-    echo Please go to http://www.java.com/getjava/ and download
-    echo
-    exit 1
-  elif [[ ! "$java_version" > "$required_version" ]]; then
-    echo
-    echo The java installation you have is not up to date
-    echo $script_name requires at least version $required_version+, you have
-    echo version $java_version
-    echo
-    echo Please go to http://www.java.com/getjava/ and download
-    echo a valid Java Runtime and install before running $script_name.
-    echo
-    exit 1
-  fi
-}
-
-
-run() {
-  # no jar? download it.
-  [[ -f "$sbt_jar" ]] || acquire_sbt_jar "$sbt_version" || {
-    # still no jar? uh-oh.
-    echo "Download failed. Obtain the sbt-launch.jar manually and place it at $sbt_jar"
-    exit 1
-  }
-
-  # process the combined args, then reset "$@" to the residuals
-  process_args "$@"
-  detect_terminal_for_ui
-  set -- "${residual_args[@]}"
-  argumentCount=$#
-
-  # TODO - java check should be configurable...
-  checkJava "1.6"
-
-  #If we're in cygwin, we should use the windows config, and terminal hacks
-  if [[ "$CYGWIN_FLAG" == "true" ]]; then
-    stty -icanon min 1 -echo > /dev/null 2>&1
-    addJava "-Djline.terminal=jline.UnixTerminal"
-    addJava "-Dsbt.cygwin=true"
-  fi
-
-  # run sbt
-  execRunner "$java_cmd" \
-    "-Dactivator.home=$(make_url "$sbt_home")" \
-    ${SBT_OPTS:-$default_sbt_opts} \
-    $(get_mem_opts $sbt_mem) \
-      ${JAVA_OPTS} \
-    ${java_args[@]} \
-    -jar "$sbt_jar" \
-    "${sbt_commands[@]}" \
-    "${residual_args[@]}"
-
-  exit_code=$?
-
-  # Clean up the terminal from cygwin hacks.
-  if [[ "$CYGWIN_FLAG" == "true" ]]; then
-    stty icanon echo > /dev/null 2>&1
-  fi
-  exit $exit_code
-}
-
-
-declare -r noshare_opts="-Dsbt.global.base=project/.sbtboot -Dsbt.boot.directory=project/.boot -Dsbt.ivy.home=project/.ivy"
-declare -r sbt_opts_file=".sbtopts"
-declare -r etc_sbt_opts_file="${sbt_home}/conf/sbtopts"
-declare -r win_sbt_opts_file="${sbt_home}/conf/sbtconfig.txt"
-
-usage() {
- cat <<EOM
-Usage: $script_name [options]
-
-  Command:
-  ui                 Start the Activator UI
-  new [name] [template-id]  Create a new project with [name] using template [template-id]
-  list-templates     Print all available template names
-
-  Options:
-  -h | -help         print this message
-  -v | -verbose      this runner is chattier
-  -d | -debug        set sbt log level to debug
-  -no-colors         disable ANSI color codes
-  -sbt-create        start sbt even if current directory contains no sbt project
-  -sbt-dir   <path>  path to global settings/plugins directory (default: ~/.sbt)
-  -sbt-boot  <path>  path to shared boot directory (default: ~/.sbt/boot in 0.11 series)
-  -ivy       <path>  path to local Ivy repository (default: ~/.ivy2)
-  -mem    <integer>  set memory options (default: $sbt_mem, which is $(get_mem_opts $sbt_mem))
-  -no-share          use all local caches; no sharing
-  -no-global         uses global caches, but does not use global ~/.sbt directory.
-  -jvm-debug <port>  Turn on JVM debugging, open at the given port.
-  -batch             Disable interactive mode
-
-  # sbt version (default: from project/build.properties if present, else latest release)
-  -sbt-version  <version>   use the specified version of sbt
-  -sbt-jar      <path>      use the specified jar as the sbt launcher
-  -sbt-rc                   use an RC version of sbt
-  -sbt-snapshot             use a snapshot version of sbt
-
-  # java version (default: java from PATH, currently $(java -version 2>&1 | grep version))
-  -java-home <path>         alternate JAVA_HOME
-
-  # jvm options and output control
-  JAVA_OPTS          environment variable, if unset uses "$java_opts"
-  SBT_OPTS           environment variable, if unset uses "$default_sbt_opts"
-  ACTIVATOR_OPTS     Environment variable, if unset uses ""
-  .sbtopts           if this file exists in the current directory, it is
-                     prepended to the runner args
-  /etc/sbt/sbtopts   if this file exists, it is prepended to the runner args
-  -Dkey=val          pass -Dkey=val directly to the java runtime
-  -J-X               pass option -X directly to the java runtime
-                     (-J is stripped)
-  -S-X               add -X to sbt's scalacOptions (-S is stripped)
-
-In the case of duplicated or conflicting options, the order above
-shows precedence: JAVA_OPTS lowest, command line options highest.
-EOM
-}
-
-
-
-process_my_args () {
-  while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
-    case "$1" in
-     -no-colors) addJava "-Dsbt.log.noformat=true" && shift ;;
-      -no-share) addJava "$noshare_opts" && shift ;;
-     -no-global) addJava "-Dsbt.global.base=$(pwd)/project/.sbtboot" && shift ;;
-      -sbt-boot) require_arg path "$1" "$2" && addJava "-Dsbt.boot.directory=$2" && shift 2 ;;
-       -sbt-dir) require_arg path "$1" "$2" && addJava "-Dsbt.global.base=$2" && shift 2 ;;
-     -debug-inc) addJava "-Dxsbt.inc.debug=true" && shift ;;
-         -batch) exec </dev/null && shift ;;
-
-    -sbt-create) sbt_create=true && shift ;;
-
-              *) addResidual "$1" && shift ;;
-    esac
-  done
-
-  # Now, ensure sbt version is used.
-  [[ "${sbt_version}XXX" != "XXX" ]] && addJava "-Dsbt.version=$sbt_version"
-}
-
-loadConfigFile() {
-  cat "$1" | sed '/^\#/d' | while read line; do
-    eval echo $line
-  done
-}
-
-# TODO - Pull in config based on operating system... (MSYS + cygwin should pull in txt file).
-# Here we pull in the global settings configuration.
-[[ -f "$etc_sbt_opts_file" ]] && set -- $(loadConfigFile "$etc_sbt_opts_file") "$@"
-# -- Windows behavior stub'd
-# JAVA_OPTS=$(cat "$WDIR/sbtconfig.txt" | sed -e 's/\r//g' -e 's/^#.*$//g' | sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\n/ /g')
-
-
-#  Pull in the project-level config file, if it exists.
-[[ -f "$sbt_opts_file" ]] && set -- $(loadConfigFile "$sbt_opts_file") "$@"
-
-# if configuration files exist, prepend their contents to the java args so it can be processed by this runner
-# a "versioned" config trumps one on the top level
-if [[ -f "$java_opts_config_version" ]]; then
-  addConfigOpts $(loadConfigFile "$java_opts_config_version")
-elif [[ -f "$java_opts_config_home" ]]; then
-  addConfigOpts $(loadConfigFile "$java_opts_config_home")
-fi
-
-run "$@"
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/bin/activator.bat b/play-framework/introduction/bin/activator.bat
deleted file mode 100644
index 44e02392d5..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/introduction/bin/activator.bat
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,248 +0,0 @@
-@REM activator launcher script
-@REM
-@REM Environment:
-@REM In order for Activator to work you must have Java available on the classpath
-@REM JAVA_HOME - location of a JDK home dir (optional if java on path)
-@REM CFG_OPTS  - JVM options (optional)
-@REM Configuration:
-@REM activatorconfig.txt found in the ACTIVATOR_HOME or ACTIVATOR_HOME/ACTIVATOR_VERSION
-@setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
-
-@echo off
-
-set "var1=%~1"
-if defined var1 (
-  if "%var1%"=="help" (
-    echo.
-    echo Usage activator [options] [command]
-    echo.
-    echo Commands:
-    echo ui                 Start the Activator UI
-    echo new [name] [template-id]  Create a new project with [name] using template [template-id]
-    echo list-templates     Print all available template names
-    echo help               Print this message
-    echo.
-    echo Options:
-    echo -jvm-debug [port]  Turn on JVM debugging, open at the given port.  Defaults to 9999 if no port given.
-    echo.
-    echo Environment variables ^(read from context^):
-    echo JAVA_OPTS          Environment variable, if unset uses ""
-    echo SBT_OPTS           Environment variable, if unset uses ""
-    echo ACTIVATOR_OPTS     Environment variable, if unset uses ""
-    echo.
-    echo Please note that in order for Activator to work you must have Java available on the classpath
-    echo.
-    goto :end
-  )
-)
-
-@REM determine ACTIVATOR_HOME environment variable
-set BIN_DIRECTORY=%~dp0
-set BIN_DIRECTORY=%BIN_DIRECTORY:~0,-1%
-for %%d in (%BIN_DIRECTORY%) do set ACTIVATOR_HOME=%%~dpd
-set ACTIVATOR_HOME=%ACTIVATOR_HOME:~0,-1%
-
-echo ACTIVATOR_HOME=%ACTIVATOR_HOME%
-
-set ERROR_CODE=0
-set APP_VERSION=1.3.10
-set ACTIVATOR_LAUNCH_JAR=activator-launch-%APP_VERSION%.jar
-
-rem Detect if we were double clicked, although theoretically A user could
-rem manually run cmd /c
-for %%x in (%cmdcmdline%) do if %%~x==/c set DOUBLECLICKED=1
-
-set SBT_HOME=%BIN_DIRECTORY
-
-rem Detect if we were double clicked, although theoretically A user could
-rem manually run cmd /c
-for %%x in (%cmdcmdline%) do if %%~x==/c set DOUBLECLICKED=1
-
-rem FIRST we load the config file of extra options.
-set FN=%SBT_HOME%\..\conf\sbtconfig.txt
-set CFG_OPTS=
-FOR /F "tokens=* eol=# usebackq delims=" %%i IN ("%FN%") DO (
-  set DO_NOT_REUSE_ME=%%i
-  rem ZOMG (Part #2) WE use !! here to delay the expansion of
-  rem CFG_OPTS, otherwise it remains "" for this loop.
-  set CFG_OPTS=!CFG_OPTS! !DO_NOT_REUSE_ME!
-)
-
-rem FIRST we load a config file of extra options (if there is one)
-set "CFG_FILE_HOME=%UserProfile%\.activator\activatorconfig.txt"
-set "CFG_FILE_VERSION=%UserProfile%\.activator\%APP_VERSION%\activatorconfig.txt"
-if exist %CFG_FILE_VERSION% (
-  FOR /F "tokens=* eol=# usebackq delims=" %%i IN ("%CFG_FILE_VERSION%") DO (
-    set DO_NOT_REUSE_ME=%%i
-    rem ZOMG (Part #2) WE use !! here to delay the expansion of
-    rem CFG_OPTS, otherwise it remains "" for this loop.
-    set CFG_OPTS=!CFG_OPTS! !DO_NOT_REUSE_ME!
-  )
-)
-if "%CFG_OPTS%"=="" (
-  if exist %CFG_FILE_HOME% (
-    FOR /F "tokens=* eol=# usebackq delims=" %%i IN ("%CFG_FILE_HOME%") DO (
-      set DO_NOT_REUSE_ME=%%i
-      rem ZOMG (Part #2) WE use !! here to delay the expansion of
-      rem CFG_OPTS, otherwise it remains "" for this loop.
-      set CFG_OPTS=!CFG_OPTS! !DO_NOT_REUSE_ME!
-    )
-  )
-)
-
-rem We use the value of the JAVACMD environment variable if defined
-set _JAVACMD=%JAVACMD%
-
-if "%_JAVACMD%"=="" (
-  if not "%JAVA_HOME%"=="" (
-    if exist "%JAVA_HOME%\bin\java.exe" set "_JAVACMD=%JAVA_HOME%\bin\java.exe"
-
-    rem if there is a java home set we make sure it is the first picked up when invoking 'java'
-    SET "PATH=%JAVA_HOME%\bin;%PATH%"
-  )
-)
-
-if "%_JAVACMD%"=="" set _JAVACMD=java
-
-rem Detect if this java is ok to use.
-for /F %%j in ('"%_JAVACMD%" -version  2^>^&1') do (
-  if %%~j==java set JAVAINSTALLED=1
-  if %%~j==openjdk set JAVAINSTALLED=1
-)
-
-rem Detect the same thing about javac
-if "%_JAVACCMD%"=="" (
-  if not "%JAVA_HOME%"=="" (
-    if exist "%JAVA_HOME%\bin\javac.exe" set "_JAVACCMD=%JAVA_HOME%\bin\javac.exe"
-  )
-)
-if "%_JAVACCMD%"=="" set _JAVACCMD=javac
-for /F %%j in ('"%_JAVACCMD%" -version 2^>^&1') do (
-  if %%~j==javac set JAVACINSTALLED=1
-)
-
-rem BAT has no logical or, so we do it OLD SCHOOL! Oppan Redmond Style
-set JAVAOK=true
-if not defined JAVAINSTALLED set JAVAOK=false
-if not defined JAVACINSTALLED set JAVAOK=false
-
-if "%JAVAOK%"=="false" (
-  echo.
-  echo A Java JDK is not installed or can't be found.
-  if not "%JAVA_HOME%"=="" (
-    echo JAVA_HOME = "%JAVA_HOME%"
-  )
-  echo.
-  echo Please go to
-  echo   http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html
-  echo and download a valid Java JDK and install before running Activator.
-  echo.
-  echo If you think this message is in error, please check
-  echo your environment variables to see if "java.exe" and "javac.exe" are
-  echo available via JAVA_HOME or PATH.
-  echo.
-  if defined DOUBLECLICKED pause
-  exit /B 1
-)
-
-rem Check what Java version is being used to determine what memory options to use
-for /f "tokens=3" %%g in ('java -version 2^>^&1 ^| findstr /i "version"') do (
-    set JAVA_VERSION=%%g
-)
-
-rem Strips away the " characters
-set JAVA_VERSION=%JAVA_VERSION:"=%
-
-rem TODO Check if there are existing mem settings in JAVA_OPTS/CFG_OPTS and use those instead of the below
-for /f "delims=. tokens=1-3" %%v in ("%JAVA_VERSION%") do (
-    set MAJOR=%%v
-    set MINOR=%%w
-    set BUILD=%%x
-
-    set META_SIZE=-XX:MetaspaceSize=64M -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=256M
-    if "!MINOR!" LSS "8" (
-      set META_SIZE=-XX:PermSize=64M -XX:MaxPermSize=256M
-    )
-
-    set MEM_OPTS=!META_SIZE!
- )
-
-rem We use the value of the JAVA_OPTS environment variable if defined, rather than the config.
-set _JAVA_OPTS=%JAVA_OPTS%
-if "%_JAVA_OPTS%"=="" set _JAVA_OPTS=%CFG_OPTS%
-
-set DEBUG_OPTS=
-
-rem Loop through the arguments, building remaining args in args variable
-set args=
-:argsloop
-if not "%~1"=="" (
-  rem Checks if the argument contains "-D" and if true, adds argument 1 with 2 and puts an equal sign between them.
-  rem This is done since batch considers "=" to be a delimiter so we need to circumvent this behavior with a small hack.
-  set arg1=%~1
-  if "!arg1:~0,2!"=="-D" (
-     set "args=%args% "%~1"="%~2""
-    shift
-    shift
-    goto argsloop
-  )
-
-  if "%~1"=="-jvm-debug" (
-    if not "%~2"=="" (
-      rem This piece of magic somehow checks that an argument is a number
-      for /F "delims=0123456789" %%i in ("%~2") do (
-        set var="%%i"
-      )
-      if defined var (
-        rem Not a number, assume no argument given and default to 9999
-        set JPDA_PORT=9999
-      ) else (
-        rem Port was given, shift arguments
-        set JPDA_PORT=%~2
-        shift
-      )
-    ) else (
-      set JPDA_PORT=9999
-    )
-    shift
-
-    set DEBUG_OPTS=-Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=!JPDA_PORT!
-    goto argsloop
-  )
-  rem else
-  set "args=%args% "%~1""
-  shift
-  goto argsloop
-)
-
-:run
-
-if "!args!"=="" (
-  if defined DOUBLECLICKED (
-    set CMDS="ui"
-  ) else set CMDS=!args!
-) else set CMDS=!args!
-
-rem We add a / in front, so we get file:///C: instead of file://C:
-rem Java considers the later a UNC path.
-rem We also attempt a solid effort at making it URI friendly.
-rem We don't even bother with UNC paths.
-set JAVA_FRIENDLY_HOME_1=/!ACTIVATOR_HOME:\=/!
-set JAVA_FRIENDLY_HOME=/!JAVA_FRIENDLY_HOME_1: =%%20!
-
-rem Checks if the command contains spaces to know if it should be wrapped in quotes or not
-set NON_SPACED_CMD=%_JAVACMD: =%
-if "%_JAVACMD%"=="%NON_SPACED_CMD%" %_JAVACMD% %DEBUG_OPTS% %MEM_OPTS% %ACTIVATOR_OPTS% %SBT_OPTS% %_JAVA_OPTS% "-Dactivator.home=%JAVA_FRIENDLY_HOME%" -jar "%ACTIVATOR_HOME%\libexec\%ACTIVATOR_LAUNCH_JAR%" %CMDS%
-if NOT "%_JAVACMD%"=="%NON_SPACED_CMD%" "%_JAVACMD%" %DEBUG_OPTS% %MEM_OPTS% %ACTIVATOR_OPTS% %SBT_OPTS% %_JAVA_OPTS% "-Dactivator.home=%JAVA_FRIENDLY_HOME%" -jar "%ACTIVATOR_HOME%\libexec\%ACTIVATOR_LAUNCH_JAR%" %CMDS%
-
-if ERRORLEVEL 1 goto error
-goto end
-
-:error
-set ERROR_CODE=1
-
-:end
-
-@endlocal
-
-exit /B %ERROR_CODE%
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/build.sbt b/play-framework/introduction/build.sbt
index 0f5ea736f6..5b05db6719 100644
--- a/play-framework/introduction/build.sbt
+++ b/play-framework/introduction/build.sbt
@@ -1,13 +1,10 @@
-name := """student-api"""
+name := """introduction"""
+organization := "com.baeldung"
 
 version := "1.0-SNAPSHOT"
 
 lazy val root = (project in file(".")).enablePlugins(PlayJava)
 
-scalaVersion := "2.11.7"
+scalaVersion := "2.13.0"
 
-libraryDependencies ++= Seq(
-  javaJdbc,
-  cache,
-  javaWs
-)
+libraryDependencies += guice
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/conf/application.conf b/play-framework/introduction/conf/application.conf
index 489d3f9b3e..85c184dcb1 100644
--- a/play-framework/introduction/conf/application.conf
+++ b/play-framework/introduction/conf/application.conf
@@ -1,353 +1,2 @@
 # This is the main configuration file for the application.
 # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ConfigFile
-# ~~~~~
-# Play uses HOCON as its configuration file format.  HOCON has a number
-# of advantages over other config formats, but there are two things that
-# can be used when modifying settings.
-#
-# You can include other configuration files in this main application.conf file:
-#include "extra-config.conf"
-#
-# You can declare variables and substitute for them:
-#mykey = ${some.value}
-#
-# And if an environment variable exists when there is no other subsitution, then
-# HOCON will fall back to substituting environment variable:
-#mykey = ${JAVA_HOME}
-
-## Akka
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaAkka#Configuration
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaAkka#Configuration
-# ~~~~~
-# Play uses Akka internally and exposes Akka Streams and actors in Websockets and
-# other streaming HTTP responses.
-akka {
-  # "akka.log-config-on-start" is extraordinarly useful because it log the complete
-  # configuration at INFO level, including defaults and overrides, so it s worth
-  # putting at the very top.
-  #
-  # Put the following in your conf/logback.xml file:
-  #
-  # <logger name="akka.actor" level="INFO" />
-  #
-  # And then uncomment this line to debug the configuration.
-  #
-  #log-config-on-start = true
-}
-
-## Secret key
-# http://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ApplicationSecret
-# ~~~~~
-# The secret key is used to sign Play's session cookie.
-# This must be changed for production, but we don't recommend you change it in this file.
-play.crypto.secret = "changeme"
-
-## Modules
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/Modules
-# ~~~~~
-# Control which modules are loaded when Play starts.  Note that modules are
-# the replacement for "GlobalSettings", which are deprecated in 2.5.x.
-# Please see https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/GlobalSettings
-# for more information.
-#
-# You can also extend Play functionality by using one of the publically available
-# Play modules: https://playframework.com/documentation/latest/ModuleDirectory
-play.modules {
-  # By default, Play will load any class called Module that is defined
-  # in the root package (the "app" directory), or you can define them
-  # explicitly below.
-  # If there are any built-in modules that you want to disable, you can list them here.
-  #enabled += my.application.Module
-
-  # If there are any built-in modules that you want to disable, you can list them here.
-  #disabled += ""
-}
-
-## IDE
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/IDE
-# ~~~~~
-# Depending on your IDE, you can add a hyperlink for errors that will jump you
-# directly to the code location in the IDE in dev mode. The following line makes 
-# use of the IntelliJ IDEA REST interface: 
-#play.editor="http://localhost:63342/api/file/?file=%s&line=%s"
-
-## Internationalisation
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaI18N
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaI18N
-# ~~~~~
-# Play comes with its own i18n settings, which allow the user's preferred language
-# to map through to internal messages, or allow the language to be stored in a cookie.
-play.i18n {
-  # The application languages
-  langs = [ "en" ]
-
-  # Whether the language cookie should be secure or not
-  #langCookieSecure = true
-
-  # Whether the HTTP only attribute of the cookie should be set to true
-  #langCookieHttpOnly = true
-}
-
-## Play HTTP settings
-# ~~~~~
-play.http {
-  ## Router
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaRouting
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaRouting
-  # ~~~~~
-  # Define the Router object to use for this application.
-  # This router will be looked up first when the application is starting up,
-  # so make sure this is the entry point.
-  # Furthermore, it's assumed your route file is named properly.
-  # So for an application router like `my.application.Router`,
-  # you may need to define a router file `conf/my.application.routes`.
-  # Default to Routes in the root package (aka "apps" folder) (and conf/routes)
-  #router = my.application.Router
-
-  ## Action Creator
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaActionCreator
-  # ~~~~~
-  #actionCreator = null
-
-  ## ErrorHandler
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaRouting
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaRouting
-  # ~~~~~
-  # If null, will attempt to load a class called ErrorHandler in the root package,
-  #errorHandler = null
-
-  ## Filters
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaHttpFilters
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaHttpFilters
-  # ~~~~~
-  # Filters run code on every request. They can be used to perform
-  # common logic for all your actions, e.g. adding common headers.
-  # Defaults to "Filters" in the root package (aka "apps" folder)
-  # Alternatively you can explicitly register a class here.
-  #filters = my.application.Filters
-
-  ## Session & Flash
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaSessionFlash
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaSessionFlash
-  # ~~~~~
-  session {
-    # Sets the cookie to be sent only over HTTPS.
-    #secure = true
-
-    # Sets the cookie to be accessed only by the server.
-    #httpOnly = true
-
-    # Sets the max-age field of the cookie to 5 minutes.
-    # NOTE: this only sets when the browser will discard the cookie. Play will consider any
-    # cookie value with a valid signature to be a valid session forever. To implement a server side session timeout,
-    # you need to put a timestamp in the session and check it at regular intervals to possibly expire it.
-    #maxAge = 300
-
-    # Sets the domain on the session cookie.
-    #domain = "example.com"
-  }
-
-  flash {
-    # Sets the cookie to be sent only over HTTPS.
-    #secure = true
-
-    # Sets the cookie to be accessed only by the server.
-    #httpOnly = true
-  }
-}
-
-## Netty Provider
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/SettingsNetty
-# ~~~~~
-play.server.netty {
-  # Whether the Netty wire should be logged
-  #log.wire = true
-
-  # If you run Play on Linux, you can use Netty's native socket transport
-  # for higher performance with less garbage.
-  #transport = "native"
-}
-
-## WS (HTTP Client)
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaWS#Configuring-WS
-# ~~~~~
-# The HTTP client primarily used for REST APIs.  The default client can be
-# configured directly, but you can also create different client instances
-# with customized settings. You must enable this by adding to build.sbt:
-#
-# libraryDependencies += ws // or javaWs if using java
-#
-play.ws {
-  # Sets HTTP requests not to follow 302 requests
-  #followRedirects = false
-
-  # Sets the maximum number of open HTTP connections for the client.
-  #ahc.maxConnectionsTotal = 50
-
-  ## WS SSL
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/WsSSL
-  # ~~~~~
-  ssl {
-    # Configuring HTTPS with Play WS does not require programming.  You can
-    # set up both trustManager and keyManager for mutual authentication, and
-    # turn on JSSE debugging in development with a reload.
-    #debug.handshake = true
-    #trustManager = {
-    #  stores = [
-    #    { type = "JKS", path = "exampletrust.jks" }
-    #  ]
-    #}
-  }
-}
-
-## Cache
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaCache
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaCache
-# ~~~~~
-# Play comes with an integrated cache API that can reduce the operational
-# overhead of repeated requests. You must enable this by adding to build.sbt:
-#
-# libraryDependencies += cache
-#
-play.cache {
-  # If you want to bind several caches, you can bind the individually
-  #bindCaches = ["db-cache", "user-cache", "session-cache"]
-}
-
-## Filters
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/Filters
-# ~~~~~
-# There are a number of built-in filters that can be enabled and configured
-# to give Play greater security.  You must enable this by adding to build.sbt:
-#
-# libraryDependencies += filters
-#
-play.filters {
-  ## CORS filter configuration
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/CorsFilter
-  # ~~~~~
-  # CORS is a protocol that allows web applications to make requests from the browser
-  # across different domains.
-  # NOTE: You MUST apply the CORS configuration before the CSRF filter, as CSRF has
-  # dependencies on CORS settings.
-  cors {
-    # Filter paths by a whitelist of path prefixes
-    #pathPrefixes = ["/some/path", ...]
-
-    # The allowed origins. If null, all origins are allowed.
-    #allowedOrigins = ["http://www.example.com"]
-
-    # The allowed HTTP methods. If null, all methods are allowed
-    #allowedHttpMethods = ["GET", "POST"]
-  }
-
-  ## CSRF Filter
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaCsrf#Applying-a-global-CSRF-filter
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaCsrf#Applying-a-global-CSRF-filter
-  # ~~~~~
-  # Play supports multiple methods for verifying that a request is not a CSRF request.
-  # The primary mechanism is a CSRF token. This token gets placed either in the query string
-  # or body of every form submitted, and also gets placed in the users session.
-  # Play then verifies that both tokens are present and match.
-  csrf {
-    # Sets the cookie to be sent only over HTTPS
-    #cookie.secure = true
-
-    # Defaults to CSRFErrorHandler in the root package.
-    #errorHandler = MyCSRFErrorHandler
-  }
-
-  ## Security headers filter configuration
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/SecurityHeaders
-  # ~~~~~
-  # Defines security headers that prevent XSS attacks.
-  # If enabled, then all options are set to the below configuration by default:
-  headers {
-    # The X-Frame-Options header. If null, the header is not set.
-    #frameOptions = "DENY"
-
-    # The X-XSS-Protection header. If null, the header is not set.
-    #xssProtection = "1; mode=block"
-
-    # The X-Content-Type-Options header. If null, the header is not set.
-    #contentTypeOptions = "nosniff"
-
-    # The X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies header. If null, the header is not set.
-    #permittedCrossDomainPolicies = "master-only"
-
-    # The Content-Security-Policy header. If null, the header is not set.
-    #contentSecurityPolicy = "default-src 'self'"
-  }
-
-  ## Allowed hosts filter configuration
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/AllowedHostsFilter
-  # ~~~~~
-  # Play provides a filter that lets you configure which hosts can access your application.
-  # This is useful to prevent cache poisoning attacks.
-  hosts {
-    # Allow requests to example.com, its subdomains, and localhost:9000.
-    #allowed = [".example.com", "localhost:9000"]
-  }
-}
-
-## Evolutions
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/Evolutions
-# ~~~~~
-# Evolutions allows database scripts to be automatically run on startup in dev mode
-# for database migrations. You must enable this by adding to build.sbt:
-#
-# libraryDependencies += evolutions
-#
-play.evolutions {
-  # You can disable evolutions for a specific datasource if necessary
-  #db.default.enabled = false
-}
-
-## Database Connection Pool
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/SettingsJDBC
-# ~~~~~
-# Play doesn't require a JDBC database to run, but you can easily enable one.
-#
-# libraryDependencies += jdbc
-#
-play.db {
-  # The combination of these two settings results in "db.default" as the
-  # default JDBC pool:
-  #config = "db"
-  #default = "default"
-
-  # Play uses HikariCP as the default connection pool.  You can override
-  # settings by changing the prototype:
-  prototype {
-    # Sets a fixed JDBC connection pool size of 50
-    #hikaricp.minimumIdle = 50
-    #hikaricp.maximumPoolSize = 50
-  }
-}
-
-## JDBC Datasource
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaDatabase
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaDatabase
-# ~~~~~
-# Once JDBC datasource is set up, you can work with several different
-# database options:
-#
-# Slick (Scala preferred option): https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/PlaySlick
-# JPA (Java preferred option): https://playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaJPA
-# EBean: https://playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaEbean
-# Anorm: https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaAnorm
-#
-db {
-  # You can declare as many datasources as you want.
-  # By convention, the default datasource is named `default`
-
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/Developing-with-the-H2-Database
-  #default.driver = org.h2.Driver
-  #default.url = "jdbc:h2:mem:play"
-  #default.username = sa
-  #default.password = ""
-
-  # You can turn on SQL logging for any datasource
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/Highlights25#Logging-SQL-statements
-  #default.logSql=true
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/conf/logback.xml b/play-framework/introduction/conf/logback.xml
index 86ec12c0af..e8c982543f 100644
--- a/play-framework/introduction/conf/logback.xml
+++ b/play-framework/introduction/conf/logback.xml
@@ -27,12 +27,6 @@
   <logger name="play" level="INFO" />
   <logger name="application" level="DEBUG" />
 
-  <!-- Off these ones as they are annoying, and anyway we manage configuration ourselves -->
-  <logger name="com.avaje.ebean.config.PropertyMapLoader" level="OFF" />
-  <logger name="com.avaje.ebeaninternal.server.core.XmlConfigLoader" level="OFF" />
-  <logger name="com.avaje.ebeaninternal.server.lib.BackgroundThread" level="OFF" />
-  <logger name="com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript" level="OFF" />
-
   <root level="WARN">
     <appender-ref ref="ASYNCFILE" />
     <appender-ref ref="ASYNCSTDOUT" />
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/conf/routes b/play-framework/introduction/conf/routes
index ab55792683..e26dc10383 100644
--- a/play-framework/introduction/conf/routes
+++ b/play-framework/introduction/conf/routes
@@ -2,11 +2,14 @@
 # This file defines all application routes (Higher priority routes first)
 # ~~~~
 
-GET		/		controllers.StudentController.listStudents()
-POST     /:id		controllers.StudentController.retrieve(id:Int)
-POST    /			controllers.StudentController.create()
-PUT		/		controllers.StudentController.update()
-DELETE	/:id		controllers.StudentController.delete(id:Int)
+# An example controller showing a sample home page
+GET     /                               controllers.HomeController.index
+GET     /baeldung/html                  controllers.HomeController.applyHtml
+GET     /baeldung/bad-req               controllers.HomeController.badRequestPage
+GET     /baeldung/not-found             controllers.HomeController.notFoundPage
+GET     /baeldung/custom-content-type   controllers.HomeController.customContentType
+GET     /baeldung/async                 controllers.HomeController.asyncOperation
+GET     /baeldung/headers               controllers.HomeController.setHeaders
 
 # Map static resources from the /public folder to the /assets URL path
-GET     /assets/*file               controllers.Assets.versioned(path="/public", file: Asset)
+GET     /assets/*file                   controllers.Assets.versioned(path="/public", file: Asset)
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/libexec/activator-launch-1.3.10.jar b/play-framework/introduction/libexec/activator-launch-1.3.10.jar
deleted file mode 100644
index 69050e7dec..0000000000
Binary files a/play-framework/introduction/libexec/activator-launch-1.3.10.jar and /dev/null differ
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/project/build.properties b/play-framework/introduction/project/build.properties
index 6d9fa6badb..c0bab04941 100644
--- a/play-framework/introduction/project/build.properties
+++ b/play-framework/introduction/project/build.properties
@@ -1,4 +1 @@
-#Activator-generated Properties
-#Wed Sep 07 12:29:40 EAT 2016
-template.uuid=c373963b-f5ad-433b-8e74-178e7ae25b1c
-sbt.version=0.13.11
+sbt.version=1.2.8
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/project/plugins.sbt b/play-framework/introduction/project/plugins.sbt
index 51c5b2a35a..1c8c62a0d5 100644
--- a/play-framework/introduction/project/plugins.sbt
+++ b/play-framework/introduction/project/plugins.sbt
@@ -1,21 +1,7 @@
 // The Play plugin
-addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.play" % "sbt-plugin" % "2.5.6")
+addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.play" % "sbt-plugin" % "2.7.3")
 
-// Web plugins
-addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-coffeescript" % "1.0.0")
-addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-less" % "1.1.0")
-addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-jshint" % "1.0.3")
-addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-rjs" % "1.0.7")
-addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-digest" % "1.1.0")
-addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-mocha" % "1.1.0")
-addSbtPlugin("org.irundaia.sbt" % "sbt-sassify" % "1.4.2")
-
-// Play enhancer - this automatically generates getters/setters for public fields
-// and rewrites accessors of these fields to use the getters/setters. Remove this
-// plugin if you prefer not to have this feature, or disable on a per project
-// basis using disablePlugins(PlayEnhancer) in your build.sbt
-addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-play-enhancer" % "1.1.0")
-
-// Play Ebean support, to enable, uncomment this line, and enable in your build.sbt using
-// enablePlugins(PlayEbean).
-// addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-play-ebean" % "1.0.0")
+// Defines scaffolding (found under .g8 folder)
+// http://www.foundweekends.org/giter8/scaffolding.html
+// sbt "g8Scaffold form"
+addSbtPlugin("org.foundweekends.giter8" % "sbt-giter8-scaffold" % "0.11.0")
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/public/javascripts/hello.js b/play-framework/introduction/public/javascripts/hello.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 02ee13c7ca..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/introduction/public/javascripts/hello.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-if (window.console) {
-  console.log("Welcome to your Play application's JavaScript!");
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/public/javascripts/main.js b/play-framework/introduction/public/javascripts/main.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/test/ApplicationLiveTest.java b/play-framework/introduction/test/ApplicationLiveTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index beeef1a602..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/introduction/test/ApplicationLiveTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
-
-import java.io.BufferedReader;
-import java.io.DataOutputStream;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.InputStream;
-import java.io.InputStreamReader;
-import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
-import java.net.MalformedURLException;
-import java.net.URL;
-import java.util.Arrays;
-
-import org.json.JSONArray;
-import org.json.JSONObject;
-import org.junit.Before;
-import org.junit.Test;
-import model.Student;
-import play.test.*;
-import static play.test.Helpers.*;
-
-public class ApplicationLiveTest{
-    private static final String BASE_URL = "http://localhost:9000";
-
-	@Test
-public void testInServer() throws Exception {
-    TestServer server = testServer(3333);
-    running(server, () -> {
-        try {
-            WSClient ws = play.libs.ws.WS.newClient(3333);
-            CompletionStage<WSResponse> completionStage = ws.url("/").get();
-            WSResponse response = completionStage.toCompletableFuture().get();
-            ws.close();
-            assertEquals(OK, response.getStatus());
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
-        }
-    });
-}
-    @Test
-    public void whenCreatesRecord_thenCorrect() {
-        Student student = new Student("jody", "west", 50);
-        JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(makeRequest(BASE_URL, "POST", new JSONObject(student)));
-        assertTrue(obj.getBoolean("isSuccessfull"));
-        JSONObject body = obj.getJSONObject("body");
-        assertEquals(student.getAge(), body.getInt("age"));
-        assertEquals(student.getFirstName(), body.getString("firstName"));
-        assertEquals(student.getLastName(), body.getString("lastName"));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void whenDeletesCreatedRecord_thenCorrect() {
-        Student student = new Student("Usain", "Bolt", 25);
-        JSONObject ob1 = new JSONObject(makeRequest(BASE_URL, "POST", new JSONObject(student))).getJSONObject("body");
-        int id = ob1.getInt("id");
-        JSONObject obj1 = new JSONObject(makeRequest(BASE_URL + "/" + id, "POST", new JSONObject()));
-        assertTrue(obj1.getBoolean("isSuccessfull"));
-        makeRequest(BASE_URL + "/" + id, "DELETE", null);
-        JSONObject obj2 = new JSONObject(makeRequest(BASE_URL + "/" + id, "POST", new JSONObject()));
-        assertFalse(obj2.getBoolean("isSuccessfull"));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void whenUpdatesCreatedRecord_thenCorrect() {
-        Student student = new Student("john", "doe", 50);
-        JSONObject body1 = new JSONObject(makeRequest(BASE_URL, "POST", new JSONObject(student))).getJSONObject("body");
-        assertEquals(student.getAge(), body1.getInt("age"));
-        int newAge = 60;
-        body1.put("age", newAge);
-        JSONObject body2 = new JSONObject(makeRequest(BASE_URL, "PUT", body1)).getJSONObject("body");
-        assertFalse(student.getAge() == body2.getInt("age"));
-        assertTrue(newAge == body2.getInt("age"));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void whenGetsAllRecords_thenCorrect() {
-        Student student1 = new Student("jane", "daisy", 50);
-        Student student2 = new Student("john", "daniel", 60);
-        Student student3 = new Student("don", "mason", 55);
-        Student student4 = new Student("scarlet", "ohara", 90);
-
-        makeRequest(BASE_URL, "POST", new JSONObject(student1));
-        makeRequest(BASE_URL, "POST", new JSONObject(student2));
-        makeRequest(BASE_URL, "POST", new JSONObject(student3));
-        makeRequest(BASE_URL, "POST", new JSONObject(student4));
-
-        JSONObject objects = new JSONObject(makeRequest(BASE_URL, "GET", null));
-        assertTrue(objects.getBoolean("isSuccessfull"));
-        JSONArray array = objects.getJSONArray("body");
-        assertTrue(array.length() >= 4);
-    }
-
-    public static String makeRequest(String myUrl, String httpMethod, JSONObject parameters) {
-
-        URL url = null;
-        try {
-            url = new URL(myUrl);
-        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        }
-        HttpURLConnection conn = null;
-        try {
-
-            conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        }
-        conn.setDoInput(true);
-
-        conn.setReadTimeout(10000);
-
-        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
-        DataOutputStream dos = null;
-        int respCode = 0;
-        String inputString = null;
-        try {
-            conn.setRequestMethod(httpMethod);
-
-            if (Arrays.asList("POST", "PUT").contains(httpMethod)) {
-                String params = parameters.toString();
-
-                conn.setDoOutput(true);
-
-                dos = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
-                dos.writeBytes(params);
-                dos.flush();
-                dos.close();
-            }
-            respCode = conn.getResponseCode();
-            if (respCode != 200 && respCode != 201) {
-                String error = inputStreamToString(conn.getErrorStream());
-                return error;
-            }
-            inputString = inputStreamToString(conn.getInputStream());
-
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        }
-        return inputString;
-    }
-
-    public static String inputStreamToString(InputStream is) {
-        BufferedReader br = null;
-        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
-
-        String line;
-        try {
-
-            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
-            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
-                sb.append(line);
-            }
-
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        } finally {
-            if (br != null) {
-                try {
-                    br.close();
-                } catch (IOException e) {
-                    e.printStackTrace();
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        return sb.toString();
-
-    }
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/test/controllers/HomeControllerUnitTest.java b/play-framework/introduction/test/controllers/HomeControllerUnitTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..42a2e871f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/play-framework/introduction/test/controllers/HomeControllerUnitTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+package controllers;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import play.Application;
+import play.inject.guice.GuiceApplicationBuilder;
+import play.mvc.Http;
+import play.mvc.Result;
+import play.test.WithApplication;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static play.mvc.Http.Status.*;
+import static play.test.Helpers.GET;
+import static play.test.Helpers.route;
+
+public class HomeControllerUnitTest extends WithApplication {
+
+    @Override
+    protected Application provideApplication() {
+        return new GuiceApplicationBuilder().build();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenRequest_whenRootPath_ThenStatusOkay() {
+        Http.RequestBuilder request = new Http.RequestBuilder()
+                .method(GET)
+                .uri("/");
+
+        Result result = route(app, request);
+        assertEquals(OK, result.status());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenRequest_whenHtmlPath_ThenStatusOkay() {
+        Http.RequestBuilder request = new Http.RequestBuilder()
+                .method(GET)
+                .uri("/baeldung/html");
+
+        Result result = route(app, request);
+        assertEquals(OK, result.status());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenRequest_whenBadRequest_ThenStatusBadRequest() {
+        Http.RequestBuilder request = new Http.RequestBuilder()
+                .method(GET)
+                .uri("/baeldung/bad-req");
+
+        Result result = route(app, request);
+        assertEquals(BAD_REQUEST, result.status());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenRequest_whenNotFound_ThenStatusNotFound() {
+        Http.RequestBuilder request = new Http.RequestBuilder()
+                .method(GET)
+                .uri("/baeldung/not-found");
+
+        Result result = route(app, request);
+        assertEquals(NOT_FOUND, result.status());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenRequest_whenCustomContentTypePath_ThenContextTypeTextHtml() {
+        Http.RequestBuilder request = new Http.RequestBuilder()
+                .method(GET)
+                .uri("/baeldung/custom-content-type");
+
+        Result result = route(app, request);
+        assertTrue(result.contentType().isPresent());
+        assertEquals("text/html", result.contentType().get());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenRequest_whenAsyncPath_ThenStatusOkay() {
+        Http.RequestBuilder request = new Http.RequestBuilder()
+                .method(GET)
+                .uri("/baeldung/async");
+
+        Result result = route(app, request);
+        assertEquals(OK, result.status());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenRequest_whenHeadersPath_ThenCustomHeaderFieldSet() {
+        Http.RequestBuilder request = new Http.RequestBuilder()
+                .method(GET)
+                .uri("/baeldung/headers");
+
+        Result result = route(app, request);
+        final Optional<String> headerOptional = result.header("Header-Key");
+        assertTrue(headerOptional.isPresent());
+        assertEquals("Some value", headerOptional.get());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/LICENSE b/play-framework/routing-in-play/LICENSE
deleted file mode 100644
index 4baedcb95f..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/LICENSE
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-This software is licensed under the Apache 2 license, quoted below.
-
-Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this project except in compliance with
-the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.
-
-Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an
-"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific
-language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/README b/play-framework/routing-in-play/README
deleted file mode 100644
index f21d092edf..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/README
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-This is your new Play application
-=================================
-
-This file will be packaged with your application when using `activator dist`.
-
-There are several demonstration files available in this template.
-
-Controllers
-===========
-
-- HomeController.java:
-
-  Shows how to handle simple HTTP requests.
-
-- AsyncController.java:
-
-  Shows how to do asynchronous programming when handling a request.
-
-- CountController.java:
-
-  Shows how to inject a component into a controller and use the component when
-  handling requests.
-
-Components
-==========
-
-- Module.java:
-
-  Shows how to use Guice to bind all the components needed by your application.
-
-- Counter.java:
-
-  An example of a component that contains state, in this case a simple counter.
-
-- ApplicationTimer.java:
-
-  An example of a component that starts when the application starts and stops
-  when the application stops.
-
-Filters
-=======
-
-- Filters.java:
-
-  Creates the list of HTTP filters used by your application.
-
-- ExampleFilter.java
-
-  A simple filter that adds a header to every response.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/Filters.java b/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/Filters.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 255de8ca93..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/Filters.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-import javax.inject.*;
-import play.*;
-import play.mvc.EssentialFilter;
-import play.http.HttpFilters;
-import play.mvc.*;
-
-import filters.ExampleFilter;
-
-/**
- * This class configures filters that run on every request. This
- * class is queried by Play to get a list of filters.
- *
- * Play will automatically use filters from any class called
- * <code>Filters</code> that is placed the root package. You can load filters
- * from a different class by adding a `play.http.filters` setting to
- * the <code>application.conf</code> configuration file.
- */
-@Singleton
-public class Filters implements HttpFilters {
-
-    private final Environment env;
-    private final EssentialFilter exampleFilter;
-
-    /**
-     * @param env Basic environment settings for the current application.
-     * @param exampleFilter A demonstration filter that adds a header to
-     */
-    @Inject
-    public Filters(Environment env, ExampleFilter exampleFilter) {
-        this.env = env;
-        this.exampleFilter = exampleFilter;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public EssentialFilter[] filters() {
-      // Use the example filter if we're running development mode. If
-      // we're running in production or test mode then don't use any
-      // filters at all.
-      if (env.mode().equals(Mode.DEV)) {
-          return new EssentialFilter[] { exampleFilter };
-      } else {
-         return new EssentialFilter[] {};
-      }
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/Module.java b/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/Module.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 6e7d1766ef..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/Module.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-import com.google.inject.AbstractModule;
-import java.time.Clock;
-
-import services.ApplicationTimer;
-import services.AtomicCounter;
-import services.Counter;
-
-/**
- * This class is a Guice module that tells Guice how to bind several
- * different types. This Guice module is created when the Play
- * application starts.
- *
- * Play will automatically use any class called `Module` that is in
- * the root package. You can create modules in other locations by
- * adding `play.modules.enabled` settings to the `application.conf`
- * configuration file.
- */
-public class Module extends AbstractModule {
-
-    @Override
-    public void configure() {
-        // Use the system clock as the default implementation of Clock
-        bind(Clock.class).toInstance(Clock.systemDefaultZone());
-        // Ask Guice to create an instance of ApplicationTimer when the
-        // application starts.
-        bind(ApplicationTimer.class).asEagerSingleton();
-        // Set AtomicCounter as the implementation for Counter.
-        bind(Counter.class).to(AtomicCounter.class);
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/controllers/HomeController.java b/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/controllers/HomeController.java
index 6e340d594f..c7f6daa898 100644
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/controllers/HomeController.java
+++ b/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/controllers/HomeController.java
@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
 package controllers;
 
+import play.libs.concurrent.HttpExecutionContext;
 import play.mvc.*;
+import play.twirl.api.Html;
 
-import views.html.*;
+import javax.inject.Inject;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+
+import static java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture.supplyAsync;
 
 /**
  * This controller contains an action to handle HTTP requests
@@ -16,18 +21,33 @@ public class HomeController extends Controller {
      * this method will be called when the application receives a
      * <code>GET</code> request with a path of <code>/</code>.
      */
-    public Result index(String author,int id) {
-        return ok("Routing in Play by:"+author+" ID:"+id);
-    }
-	public Result greet(String name,int age) {
-        return ok("Hello "+name+", you are "+age+" years old");
-    }
-	public Result introduceMe(String data) {
-		String[] clientData=data.split(",");
-     return ok("Your name is "+clientData[0]+", you are "+clientData[1]+" years old");
-    }
-	public Result squareMe(Long num) {
-        return ok(num+" Squared is "+(num*num));
+    public Result index() {
+        return ok(views.html.index.render());
     }
 
+    public Result writer(String author) {
+        return ok("Routing in Play by " + author);
+    }
+
+    public Result viewUser(String userId) {
+        final String response = String.format("Got user id {} in request.", userId);
+        return ok(response);
+    }
+
+    public Result greet(String name, int age) {
+        return ok("Hello " + name + ", you are " + age + " years old");
+    }
+
+    public Result squareMe(Long num) {
+        return ok(num + " Squared is " + (num * num));
+    }
+
+    public Result writer(String author, int id) {
+        return ok("Routing in Play by: " + author + " ID: " + id);
+    }
+
+    public Result introduceMe(String data) {
+        String[] clientData = data.split(",");
+        return ok("Your name is " + clientData[0] + ", you are " + clientData[1] + " years old");
+    }
 }
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/filters/ExampleFilter.java b/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/filters/ExampleFilter.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 67a6a36cc3..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/filters/ExampleFilter.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-package filters;
-
-import akka.stream.Materializer;
-import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
-import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
-import java.util.function.Function;
-import javax.inject.*;
-import play.mvc.*;
-import play.mvc.Http.RequestHeader;
-
-
-/**
- * This is a simple filter that adds a header to all requests. It's
- * added to the application's list of filters by the
- * {@link Filters} class.
- */
-@Singleton
-public class ExampleFilter extends Filter {
-
-    private final Executor exec;
-
-    /**
-     * @param mat This object is needed to handle streaming of requests
-     * and responses.
-     * @param exec This class is needed to execute code asynchronously.
-     * It is used below by the <code>thenAsyncApply</code> method.
-     */
-    @Inject
-    public ExampleFilter(Materializer mat, Executor exec) {
-        super(mat);
-        this.exec = exec;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public CompletionStage<Result> apply(
-        Function<RequestHeader, CompletionStage<Result>> next,
-        RequestHeader requestHeader) {
-
-        return next.apply(requestHeader).thenApplyAsync(
-            result -> result.withHeader("X-ExampleFilter", "foo"),
-            exec
-        );
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/services/ApplicationTimer.java b/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/services/ApplicationTimer.java
deleted file mode 100644
index a951562b1d..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/services/ApplicationTimer.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,50 +0,0 @@
-package services;
-
-import java.time.Clock;
-import java.time.Instant;
-import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
-import javax.inject.*;
-import play.Logger;
-import play.inject.ApplicationLifecycle;
-
-/**
- * This class demonstrates how to run code when the
- * application starts and stops. It starts a timer when the
- * application starts. When the application stops it prints out how
- * long the application was running for.
- *
- * This class is registered for Guice dependency injection in the
- * {@link Module} class. We want the class to start when the application
- * starts, so it is registered as an "eager singleton". See the code
- * in the {@link Module} class to see how this happens.
- *
- * This class needs to run code when the server stops. It uses the
- * application's {@link ApplicationLifecycle} to register a stop hook.
- */
-@Singleton
-public class ApplicationTimer {
-
-    private final Clock clock;
-    private final ApplicationLifecycle appLifecycle;
-    private final Instant start;
-
-    @Inject
-    public ApplicationTimer(Clock clock, ApplicationLifecycle appLifecycle) {
-        this.clock = clock;
-        this.appLifecycle = appLifecycle;
-        // This code is called when the application starts.
-        start = clock.instant();
-        Logger.info("ApplicationTimer demo: Starting application at " + start);
-
-        // When the application starts, register a stop hook with the
-        // ApplicationLifecycle object. The code inside the stop hook will
-        // be run when the application stops.
-        appLifecycle.addStopHook(() -> {
-            Instant stop = clock.instant();
-            Long runningTime = stop.getEpochSecond() - start.getEpochSecond();
-            Logger.info("ApplicationTimer demo: Stopping application at " + clock.instant() + " after " + runningTime + "s.");
-            return CompletableFuture.completedFuture(null);
-        });
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/services/AtomicCounter.java b/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/services/AtomicCounter.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 41f741cbf7..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/services/AtomicCounter.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-package services;
-
-import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
-import javax.inject.*;
-
-/**
- * This class is a concrete implementation of the {@link Counter} trait.
- * It is configured for Guice dependency injection in the {@link Module}
- * class.
- *
- * This class has a {@link Singleton} annotation because we need to make
- * sure we only use one counter per application. Without this
- * annotation we would get a new instance every time a {@link Counter} is
- * injected.
- */
-@Singleton
-public class AtomicCounter implements Counter {
-
-    private final AtomicInteger atomicCounter = new AtomicInteger();
-
-    @Override
-    public int nextCount() {
-       return atomicCounter.getAndIncrement();
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/services/Counter.java b/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/services/Counter.java
deleted file mode 100644
index dadad8b09d..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/services/Counter.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-package services;
-
-/**
- * This interface demonstrates how to create a component that is injected
- * into a controller. The interface represents a counter that returns a
- * incremented number each time it is called.
- *
- * The {@link Modules} class binds this interface to the
- * {@link AtomicCounter} implementation.
- */
-public interface Counter {
-    int nextCount();
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/views/index.scala.html b/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/views/index.scala.html
index 4539f5a10b..68d37fb1d4 100644
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/views/index.scala.html
+++ b/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/views/index.scala.html
@@ -1,20 +1,5 @@
-@*
- * This template takes a single argument, a String containing a
- * message to display.
- *@
-@(message: String)
+@()
 
-@*
- * Call the `main` template with two arguments. The first
- * argument is a `String` with the title of the page, the second
- * argument is an `Html` object containing the body of the page.
- *@
 @main("Welcome to Play") {
-
-    @*
-     * Get an `Html` object by calling the built-in Play welcome
-     * template and passing a `String` message.
-     *@
-    @play20.welcome(message, style = "Java")
-
+  <h1>Welcome to Play!</h1>
 }
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/views/main.scala.html b/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/views/main.scala.html
index 9414f4be6e..c5f755f236 100644
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/views/main.scala.html
+++ b/play-framework/routing-in-play/app/views/main.scala.html
@@ -13,11 +13,12 @@
         <title>@title</title>
         <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="@routes.Assets.versioned("stylesheets/main.css")">
         <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="@routes.Assets.versioned("images/favicon.png")">
-        <script src="@routes.Assets.versioned("javascripts/hello.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
     </head>
     <body>
         @* And here's where we render the `Html` object containing
          * the page content. *@
         @content
+
+        <script src="@routes.Assets.versioned("javascripts/main.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
     </body>
 </html>
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/bin/activator b/play-framework/routing-in-play/bin/activator
deleted file mode 100644
index a8b11d482f..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/bin/activator
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,397 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-
-###  ------------------------------- ###
-###  Helper methods for BASH scripts ###
-###  ------------------------------- ###
-
-realpath () {
-(
-  TARGET_FILE="$1"
-  FIX_CYGPATH="$2"
-
-  cd "$(dirname "$TARGET_FILE")"
-  TARGET_FILE=$(basename "$TARGET_FILE")
-
-  COUNT=0
-  while [ -L "$TARGET_FILE" -a $COUNT -lt 100 ]
-  do
-      TARGET_FILE=$(readlink "$TARGET_FILE")
-      cd "$(dirname "$TARGET_FILE")"
-      TARGET_FILE=$(basename "$TARGET_FILE")
-      COUNT=$(($COUNT + 1))
-  done
-
-  # make sure we grab the actual windows path, instead of cygwin's path.
-  if [[ "x$FIX_CYGPATH" != "x" ]]; then
-    echo "$(cygwinpath "$(pwd -P)/$TARGET_FILE")"
-  else
-    echo "$(pwd -P)/$TARGET_FILE"
-  fi
-)
-}
-
-
-# Uses uname to detect if we're in the odd cygwin environment.
-is_cygwin() {
-  local os=$(uname -s)
-  case "$os" in
-    CYGWIN*) return 0 ;;
-    *)  return 1 ;;
-  esac
-}
-
-# TODO - Use nicer bash-isms here.
-CYGWIN_FLAG=$(if is_cygwin; then echo true; else echo false; fi)
-
-
-# This can fix cygwin style /cygdrive paths so we get the
-# windows style paths.
-cygwinpath() {
-  local file="$1"
-  if [[ "$CYGWIN_FLAG" == "true" ]]; then
-    echo $(cygpath -w $file)
-  else
-    echo $file
-  fi
-}
-
-# Make something URI friendly
-make_url() {
-  url="$1"
-  local nospaces=${url// /%20}
-  if is_cygwin; then
-    echo "/${nospaces//\\//}"
-  else
-    echo "$nospaces"
-  fi
-}
-
-declare -a residual_args
-declare -a java_args
-declare -a scalac_args
-declare -a sbt_commands
-declare java_cmd=java
-declare java_version
-declare -r real_script_path="$(realpath "$0")"
-declare -r sbt_home="$(realpath "$(dirname "$(dirname "$real_script_path")")")"
-declare -r sbt_bin_dir="$(dirname "$real_script_path")"
-declare -r app_version="1.3.10"
-
-declare -r script_name=activator
-declare -r java_opts=( "${ACTIVATOR_OPTS[@]}" "${SBT_OPTS[@]}" "${JAVA_OPTS[@]}" "${java_opts[@]}" )
-userhome="$HOME"
-if is_cygwin; then
-  # cygwin sets home to something f-d up, set to real windows homedir
-  userhome="$USERPROFILE"
-fi
-declare -r activator_user_home_dir="${userhome}/.activator"
-declare -r java_opts_config_home="${activator_user_home_dir}/activatorconfig.txt"
-declare -r java_opts_config_version="${activator_user_home_dir}/${app_version}/activatorconfig.txt"
-
-echoerr () {
-  echo 1>&2 "$@"
-}
-vlog () {
-  [[ $verbose || $debug ]] && echoerr "$@"
-}
-dlog () {
-  [[ $debug ]] && echoerr "$@"
-}
-
-jar_file () {
-  echo "$(cygwinpath "${sbt_home}/libexec/activator-launch-${app_version}.jar")"
-}
-
-acquire_sbt_jar () {
-  sbt_jar="$(jar_file)"
-
-  if [[ ! -f "$sbt_jar" ]]; then
-    echoerr "Could not find launcher jar: $sbt_jar"
-    exit 2
-  fi
-}
-
-execRunner () {
-  # print the arguments one to a line, quoting any containing spaces
-  [[ $verbose || $debug ]] && echo "# Executing command line:" && {
-    for arg; do
-      if printf "%s\n" "$arg" | grep -q ' '; then
-        printf "\"%s\"\n" "$arg"
-      else
-        printf "%s\n" "$arg"
-      fi
-    done
-    echo ""
-  }
-
-  # THis used to be exec, but we loose the ability to re-hook stty then
-  # for cygwin...  Maybe we should flag the feature here...
-  "$@"
-}
-
-addJava () {
-  dlog "[addJava] arg = '$1'"
-  java_args=( "${java_args[@]}" "$1" )
-}
-addSbt () {
-  dlog "[addSbt] arg = '$1'"
-  sbt_commands=( "${sbt_commands[@]}" "$1" )
-}
-addResidual () {
-  dlog "[residual] arg = '$1'"
-  residual_args=( "${residual_args[@]}" "$1" )
-}
-addDebugger () {
-  addJava "-agentlib:jdwp=transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=$1"
-}
-
-get_mem_opts () {
-  # if we detect any of these settings in ${JAVA_OPTS} we need to NOT output our settings.
-  # The reason is the Xms/Xmx, if they don't line up, cause errors.
-  if [[ "${JAVA_OPTS}" == *-Xmx* ]] || [[ "${JAVA_OPTS}" == *-Xms* ]] || [[ "${JAVA_OPTS}" == *-XX:MaxPermSize* ]] || [[ "${JAVA_OPTS}" == *-XX:MaxMetaspaceSize* ]] || [[ "${JAVA_OPTS}" == *-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize* ]]; then
-     echo ""
-  else
-    # a ham-fisted attempt to move some memory settings in concert
-    # so they need not be messed around with individually.
-    local mem=${1:-1024}
-    local codecache=$(( $mem / 8 ))
-    (( $codecache > 128 )) || codecache=128
-    (( $codecache < 512 )) || codecache=512
-    local class_metadata_size=$(( $codecache * 2 ))
-    local class_metadata_opt=$([[ "$java_version" < "1.8" ]] && echo "MaxPermSize" || echo "MaxMetaspaceSize")
-
-    echo "-Xms${mem}m -Xmx${mem}m -XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=${codecache}m -XX:${class_metadata_opt}=${class_metadata_size}m"
-  fi
-}
-
-require_arg () {
-  local type="$1"
-  local opt="$2"
-  local arg="$3"
-  if [[ -z "$arg" ]] || [[ "${arg:0:1}" == "-" ]]; then
-    echo "$opt requires <$type> argument"
-    exit 1
-  fi
-}
-
-is_function_defined() {
-  declare -f "$1" > /dev/null
-}
-
-# If we're *not* running in a terminal, and we don't have any arguments, then we need to add the 'ui' parameter
-detect_terminal_for_ui() {
-  [[ ! -t 0 ]] && [[ "${#residual_args}" == "0" ]] && {
-    addResidual "ui"
-  }
-  # SPECIAL TEST FOR MAC
-  [[ "$(uname)" == "Darwin" ]] && [[ "$HOME" == "$PWD" ]] && [[ "${#residual_args}" == "0" ]] && {
-    echo "Detected MAC OSX launched script...."
-    echo "Swapping to UI"
-    addResidual "ui"
-  }
-}
-
-process_args () {
-  while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
-    case "$1" in
-       -h|-help) usage; exit 1 ;;
-    -v|-verbose) verbose=1 && shift ;;
-      -d|-debug) debug=1 && shift ;;
-
-           -ivy) require_arg path "$1" "$2" && addJava "-Dsbt.ivy.home=$2" && shift 2 ;;
-           -mem) require_arg integer "$1" "$2" && sbt_mem="$2" && shift 2 ;;
-     -jvm-debug) require_arg port "$1" "$2" && addDebugger $2 && shift 2 ;;
-         -batch) exec </dev/null && shift ;;
-
-       -sbt-jar) require_arg path "$1" "$2" && sbt_jar="$2" && shift 2 ;;
-   -sbt-version) require_arg version "$1" "$2" && sbt_version="$2" && shift 2 ;;
-     -java-home) require_arg path "$1" "$2" && java_cmd="$2/bin/java" && shift 2 ;;
-
-            -D*) addJava "$1" && shift ;;
-            -J*) addJava "${1:2}" && shift ;;
-              *) addResidual "$1" && shift ;;
-    esac
-  done
-
-  is_function_defined process_my_args && {
-    myargs=("${residual_args[@]}")
-    residual_args=()
-    process_my_args "${myargs[@]}"
-  }
-
-  java_version=$("$java_cmd" -Xmx512M -version 2>&1 | awk -F '"' '/version/ {print $2}')
-  vlog "[process_args] java_version = '$java_version'"
-}
-
-# Detect that we have java installed.
-checkJava() {
-  local required_version="$1"
-  # Now check to see if it's a good enough version
-  if [[ "$java_version" == "" ]]; then
-    echo
-    echo No java installations was detected.
-    echo Please go to http://www.java.com/getjava/ and download
-    echo
-    exit 1
-  elif [[ ! "$java_version" > "$required_version" ]]; then
-    echo
-    echo The java installation you have is not up to date
-    echo $script_name requires at least version $required_version+, you have
-    echo version $java_version
-    echo
-    echo Please go to http://www.java.com/getjava/ and download
-    echo a valid Java Runtime and install before running $script_name.
-    echo
-    exit 1
-  fi
-}
-
-
-run() {
-  # no jar? download it.
-  [[ -f "$sbt_jar" ]] || acquire_sbt_jar "$sbt_version" || {
-    # still no jar? uh-oh.
-    echo "Download failed. Obtain the sbt-launch.jar manually and place it at $sbt_jar"
-    exit 1
-  }
-
-  # process the combined args, then reset "$@" to the residuals
-  process_args "$@"
-  detect_terminal_for_ui
-  set -- "${residual_args[@]}"
-  argumentCount=$#
-
-  # TODO - java check should be configurable...
-  checkJava "1.6"
-
-  #If we're in cygwin, we should use the windows config, and terminal hacks
-  if [[ "$CYGWIN_FLAG" == "true" ]]; then
-    stty -icanon min 1 -echo > /dev/null 2>&1
-    addJava "-Djline.terminal=jline.UnixTerminal"
-    addJava "-Dsbt.cygwin=true"
-  fi
-
-  # run sbt
-  execRunner "$java_cmd" \
-    "-Dactivator.home=$(make_url "$sbt_home")" \
-    ${SBT_OPTS:-$default_sbt_opts} \
-    $(get_mem_opts $sbt_mem) \
-      ${JAVA_OPTS} \
-    ${java_args[@]} \
-    -jar "$sbt_jar" \
-    "${sbt_commands[@]}" \
-    "${residual_args[@]}"
-
-  exit_code=$?
-
-  # Clean up the terminal from cygwin hacks.
-  if [[ "$CYGWIN_FLAG" == "true" ]]; then
-    stty icanon echo > /dev/null 2>&1
-  fi
-  exit $exit_code
-}
-
-
-declare -r noshare_opts="-Dsbt.global.base=project/.sbtboot -Dsbt.boot.directory=project/.boot -Dsbt.ivy.home=project/.ivy"
-declare -r sbt_opts_file=".sbtopts"
-declare -r etc_sbt_opts_file="${sbt_home}/conf/sbtopts"
-declare -r win_sbt_opts_file="${sbt_home}/conf/sbtconfig.txt"
-
-usage() {
- cat <<EOM
-Usage: $script_name [options]
-
-  Command:
-  ui                 Start the Activator UI
-  new [name] [template-id]  Create a new project with [name] using template [template-id]
-  list-templates     Print all available template names
-
-  Options:
-  -h | -help         print this message
-  -v | -verbose      this runner is chattier
-  -d | -debug        set sbt log level to debug
-  -no-colors         disable ANSI color codes
-  -sbt-create        start sbt even if current directory contains no sbt project
-  -sbt-dir   <path>  path to global settings/plugins directory (default: ~/.sbt)
-  -sbt-boot  <path>  path to shared boot directory (default: ~/.sbt/boot in 0.11 series)
-  -ivy       <path>  path to local Ivy repository (default: ~/.ivy2)
-  -mem    <integer>  set memory options (default: $sbt_mem, which is $(get_mem_opts $sbt_mem))
-  -no-share          use all local caches; no sharing
-  -no-global         uses global caches, but does not use global ~/.sbt directory.
-  -jvm-debug <port>  Turn on JVM debugging, open at the given port.
-  -batch             Disable interactive mode
-
-  # sbt version (default: from project/build.properties if present, else latest release)
-  -sbt-version  <version>   use the specified version of sbt
-  -sbt-jar      <path>      use the specified jar as the sbt launcher
-  -sbt-rc                   use an RC version of sbt
-  -sbt-snapshot             use a snapshot version of sbt
-
-  # java version (default: java from PATH, currently $(java -version 2>&1 | grep version))
-  -java-home <path>         alternate JAVA_HOME
-
-  # jvm options and output control
-  JAVA_OPTS          environment variable, if unset uses "$java_opts"
-  SBT_OPTS           environment variable, if unset uses "$default_sbt_opts"
-  ACTIVATOR_OPTS     Environment variable, if unset uses ""
-  .sbtopts           if this file exists in the current directory, it is
-                     prepended to the runner args
-  /etc/sbt/sbtopts   if this file exists, it is prepended to the runner args
-  -Dkey=val          pass -Dkey=val directly to the java runtime
-  -J-X               pass option -X directly to the java runtime
-                     (-J is stripped)
-  -S-X               add -X to sbt's scalacOptions (-S is stripped)
-
-In the case of duplicated or conflicting options, the order above
-shows precedence: JAVA_OPTS lowest, command line options highest.
-EOM
-}
-
-
-
-process_my_args () {
-  while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
-    case "$1" in
-     -no-colors) addJava "-Dsbt.log.noformat=true" && shift ;;
-      -no-share) addJava "$noshare_opts" && shift ;;
-     -no-global) addJava "-Dsbt.global.base=$(pwd)/project/.sbtboot" && shift ;;
-      -sbt-boot) require_arg path "$1" "$2" && addJava "-Dsbt.boot.directory=$2" && shift 2 ;;
-       -sbt-dir) require_arg path "$1" "$2" && addJava "-Dsbt.global.base=$2" && shift 2 ;;
-     -debug-inc) addJava "-Dxsbt.inc.debug=true" && shift ;;
-         -batch) exec </dev/null && shift ;;
-
-    -sbt-create) sbt_create=true && shift ;;
-
-              *) addResidual "$1" && shift ;;
-    esac
-  done
-
-  # Now, ensure sbt version is used.
-  [[ "${sbt_version}XXX" != "XXX" ]] && addJava "-Dsbt.version=$sbt_version"
-}
-
-loadConfigFile() {
-  cat "$1" | sed '/^\#/d' | while read line; do
-    eval echo $line
-  done
-}
-
-# TODO - Pull in config based on operating system... (MSYS + cygwin should pull in txt file).
-# Here we pull in the global settings configuration.
-[[ -f "$etc_sbt_opts_file" ]] && set -- $(loadConfigFile "$etc_sbt_opts_file") "$@"
-# -- Windows behavior stub'd
-# JAVA_OPTS=$(cat "$WDIR/sbtconfig.txt" | sed -e 's/\r//g' -e 's/^#.*$//g' | sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\n/ /g')
-
-
-#  Pull in the project-level config file, if it exists.
-[[ -f "$sbt_opts_file" ]] && set -- $(loadConfigFile "$sbt_opts_file") "$@"
-
-# if configuration files exist, prepend their contents to the java args so it can be processed by this runner
-# a "versioned" config trumps one on the top level
-if [[ -f "$java_opts_config_version" ]]; then
-  addConfigOpts $(loadConfigFile "$java_opts_config_version")
-elif [[ -f "$java_opts_config_home" ]]; then
-  addConfigOpts $(loadConfigFile "$java_opts_config_home")
-fi
-
-run "$@"
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/bin/activator.bat b/play-framework/routing-in-play/bin/activator.bat
deleted file mode 100644
index 44e02392d5..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/bin/activator.bat
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,248 +0,0 @@
-@REM activator launcher script
-@REM
-@REM Environment:
-@REM In order for Activator to work you must have Java available on the classpath
-@REM JAVA_HOME - location of a JDK home dir (optional if java on path)
-@REM CFG_OPTS  - JVM options (optional)
-@REM Configuration:
-@REM activatorconfig.txt found in the ACTIVATOR_HOME or ACTIVATOR_HOME/ACTIVATOR_VERSION
-@setlocal enabledelayedexpansion
-
-@echo off
-
-set "var1=%~1"
-if defined var1 (
-  if "%var1%"=="help" (
-    echo.
-    echo Usage activator [options] [command]
-    echo.
-    echo Commands:
-    echo ui                 Start the Activator UI
-    echo new [name] [template-id]  Create a new project with [name] using template [template-id]
-    echo list-templates     Print all available template names
-    echo help               Print this message
-    echo.
-    echo Options:
-    echo -jvm-debug [port]  Turn on JVM debugging, open at the given port.  Defaults to 9999 if no port given.
-    echo.
-    echo Environment variables ^(read from context^):
-    echo JAVA_OPTS          Environment variable, if unset uses ""
-    echo SBT_OPTS           Environment variable, if unset uses ""
-    echo ACTIVATOR_OPTS     Environment variable, if unset uses ""
-    echo.
-    echo Please note that in order for Activator to work you must have Java available on the classpath
-    echo.
-    goto :end
-  )
-)
-
-@REM determine ACTIVATOR_HOME environment variable
-set BIN_DIRECTORY=%~dp0
-set BIN_DIRECTORY=%BIN_DIRECTORY:~0,-1%
-for %%d in (%BIN_DIRECTORY%) do set ACTIVATOR_HOME=%%~dpd
-set ACTIVATOR_HOME=%ACTIVATOR_HOME:~0,-1%
-
-echo ACTIVATOR_HOME=%ACTIVATOR_HOME%
-
-set ERROR_CODE=0
-set APP_VERSION=1.3.10
-set ACTIVATOR_LAUNCH_JAR=activator-launch-%APP_VERSION%.jar
-
-rem Detect if we were double clicked, although theoretically A user could
-rem manually run cmd /c
-for %%x in (%cmdcmdline%) do if %%~x==/c set DOUBLECLICKED=1
-
-set SBT_HOME=%BIN_DIRECTORY
-
-rem Detect if we were double clicked, although theoretically A user could
-rem manually run cmd /c
-for %%x in (%cmdcmdline%) do if %%~x==/c set DOUBLECLICKED=1
-
-rem FIRST we load the config file of extra options.
-set FN=%SBT_HOME%\..\conf\sbtconfig.txt
-set CFG_OPTS=
-FOR /F "tokens=* eol=# usebackq delims=" %%i IN ("%FN%") DO (
-  set DO_NOT_REUSE_ME=%%i
-  rem ZOMG (Part #2) WE use !! here to delay the expansion of
-  rem CFG_OPTS, otherwise it remains "" for this loop.
-  set CFG_OPTS=!CFG_OPTS! !DO_NOT_REUSE_ME!
-)
-
-rem FIRST we load a config file of extra options (if there is one)
-set "CFG_FILE_HOME=%UserProfile%\.activator\activatorconfig.txt"
-set "CFG_FILE_VERSION=%UserProfile%\.activator\%APP_VERSION%\activatorconfig.txt"
-if exist %CFG_FILE_VERSION% (
-  FOR /F "tokens=* eol=# usebackq delims=" %%i IN ("%CFG_FILE_VERSION%") DO (
-    set DO_NOT_REUSE_ME=%%i
-    rem ZOMG (Part #2) WE use !! here to delay the expansion of
-    rem CFG_OPTS, otherwise it remains "" for this loop.
-    set CFG_OPTS=!CFG_OPTS! !DO_NOT_REUSE_ME!
-  )
-)
-if "%CFG_OPTS%"=="" (
-  if exist %CFG_FILE_HOME% (
-    FOR /F "tokens=* eol=# usebackq delims=" %%i IN ("%CFG_FILE_HOME%") DO (
-      set DO_NOT_REUSE_ME=%%i
-      rem ZOMG (Part #2) WE use !! here to delay the expansion of
-      rem CFG_OPTS, otherwise it remains "" for this loop.
-      set CFG_OPTS=!CFG_OPTS! !DO_NOT_REUSE_ME!
-    )
-  )
-)
-
-rem We use the value of the JAVACMD environment variable if defined
-set _JAVACMD=%JAVACMD%
-
-if "%_JAVACMD%"=="" (
-  if not "%JAVA_HOME%"=="" (
-    if exist "%JAVA_HOME%\bin\java.exe" set "_JAVACMD=%JAVA_HOME%\bin\java.exe"
-
-    rem if there is a java home set we make sure it is the first picked up when invoking 'java'
-    SET "PATH=%JAVA_HOME%\bin;%PATH%"
-  )
-)
-
-if "%_JAVACMD%"=="" set _JAVACMD=java
-
-rem Detect if this java is ok to use.
-for /F %%j in ('"%_JAVACMD%" -version  2^>^&1') do (
-  if %%~j==java set JAVAINSTALLED=1
-  if %%~j==openjdk set JAVAINSTALLED=1
-)
-
-rem Detect the same thing about javac
-if "%_JAVACCMD%"=="" (
-  if not "%JAVA_HOME%"=="" (
-    if exist "%JAVA_HOME%\bin\javac.exe" set "_JAVACCMD=%JAVA_HOME%\bin\javac.exe"
-  )
-)
-if "%_JAVACCMD%"=="" set _JAVACCMD=javac
-for /F %%j in ('"%_JAVACCMD%" -version 2^>^&1') do (
-  if %%~j==javac set JAVACINSTALLED=1
-)
-
-rem BAT has no logical or, so we do it OLD SCHOOL! Oppan Redmond Style
-set JAVAOK=true
-if not defined JAVAINSTALLED set JAVAOK=false
-if not defined JAVACINSTALLED set JAVAOK=false
-
-if "%JAVAOK%"=="false" (
-  echo.
-  echo A Java JDK is not installed or can't be found.
-  if not "%JAVA_HOME%"=="" (
-    echo JAVA_HOME = "%JAVA_HOME%"
-  )
-  echo.
-  echo Please go to
-  echo   http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html
-  echo and download a valid Java JDK and install before running Activator.
-  echo.
-  echo If you think this message is in error, please check
-  echo your environment variables to see if "java.exe" and "javac.exe" are
-  echo available via JAVA_HOME or PATH.
-  echo.
-  if defined DOUBLECLICKED pause
-  exit /B 1
-)
-
-rem Check what Java version is being used to determine what memory options to use
-for /f "tokens=3" %%g in ('java -version 2^>^&1 ^| findstr /i "version"') do (
-    set JAVA_VERSION=%%g
-)
-
-rem Strips away the " characters
-set JAVA_VERSION=%JAVA_VERSION:"=%
-
-rem TODO Check if there are existing mem settings in JAVA_OPTS/CFG_OPTS and use those instead of the below
-for /f "delims=. tokens=1-3" %%v in ("%JAVA_VERSION%") do (
-    set MAJOR=%%v
-    set MINOR=%%w
-    set BUILD=%%x
-
-    set META_SIZE=-XX:MetaspaceSize=64M -XX:MaxMetaspaceSize=256M
-    if "!MINOR!" LSS "8" (
-      set META_SIZE=-XX:PermSize=64M -XX:MaxPermSize=256M
-    )
-
-    set MEM_OPTS=!META_SIZE!
- )
-
-rem We use the value of the JAVA_OPTS environment variable if defined, rather than the config.
-set _JAVA_OPTS=%JAVA_OPTS%
-if "%_JAVA_OPTS%"=="" set _JAVA_OPTS=%CFG_OPTS%
-
-set DEBUG_OPTS=
-
-rem Loop through the arguments, building remaining args in args variable
-set args=
-:argsloop
-if not "%~1"=="" (
-  rem Checks if the argument contains "-D" and if true, adds argument 1 with 2 and puts an equal sign between them.
-  rem This is done since batch considers "=" to be a delimiter so we need to circumvent this behavior with a small hack.
-  set arg1=%~1
-  if "!arg1:~0,2!"=="-D" (
-     set "args=%args% "%~1"="%~2""
-    shift
-    shift
-    goto argsloop
-  )
-
-  if "%~1"=="-jvm-debug" (
-    if not "%~2"=="" (
-      rem This piece of magic somehow checks that an argument is a number
-      for /F "delims=0123456789" %%i in ("%~2") do (
-        set var="%%i"
-      )
-      if defined var (
-        rem Not a number, assume no argument given and default to 9999
-        set JPDA_PORT=9999
-      ) else (
-        rem Port was given, shift arguments
-        set JPDA_PORT=%~2
-        shift
-      )
-    ) else (
-      set JPDA_PORT=9999
-    )
-    shift
-
-    set DEBUG_OPTS=-Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,server=y,suspend=n,address=!JPDA_PORT!
-    goto argsloop
-  )
-  rem else
-  set "args=%args% "%~1""
-  shift
-  goto argsloop
-)
-
-:run
-
-if "!args!"=="" (
-  if defined DOUBLECLICKED (
-    set CMDS="ui"
-  ) else set CMDS=!args!
-) else set CMDS=!args!
-
-rem We add a / in front, so we get file:///C: instead of file://C:
-rem Java considers the later a UNC path.
-rem We also attempt a solid effort at making it URI friendly.
-rem We don't even bother with UNC paths.
-set JAVA_FRIENDLY_HOME_1=/!ACTIVATOR_HOME:\=/!
-set JAVA_FRIENDLY_HOME=/!JAVA_FRIENDLY_HOME_1: =%%20!
-
-rem Checks if the command contains spaces to know if it should be wrapped in quotes or not
-set NON_SPACED_CMD=%_JAVACMD: =%
-if "%_JAVACMD%"=="%NON_SPACED_CMD%" %_JAVACMD% %DEBUG_OPTS% %MEM_OPTS% %ACTIVATOR_OPTS% %SBT_OPTS% %_JAVA_OPTS% "-Dactivator.home=%JAVA_FRIENDLY_HOME%" -jar "%ACTIVATOR_HOME%\libexec\%ACTIVATOR_LAUNCH_JAR%" %CMDS%
-if NOT "%_JAVACMD%"=="%NON_SPACED_CMD%" "%_JAVACMD%" %DEBUG_OPTS% %MEM_OPTS% %ACTIVATOR_OPTS% %SBT_OPTS% %_JAVA_OPTS% "-Dactivator.home=%JAVA_FRIENDLY_HOME%" -jar "%ACTIVATOR_HOME%\libexec\%ACTIVATOR_LAUNCH_JAR%" %CMDS%
-
-if ERRORLEVEL 1 goto error
-goto end
-
-:error
-set ERROR_CODE=1
-
-:end
-
-@endlocal
-
-exit /B %ERROR_CODE%
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/build.sbt b/play-framework/routing-in-play/build.sbt
index 083d071676..4fb0126eaa 100644
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/build.sbt
+++ b/play-framework/routing-in-play/build.sbt
@@ -1,13 +1,10 @@
-name := """webapp"""
+name := """play-routing"""
+organization := "com.baeldung"
 
 version := "1.0-SNAPSHOT"
 
 lazy val root = (project in file(".")).enablePlugins(PlayJava)
 
-scalaVersion := "2.11.7"
+scalaVersion := "2.13.0"
 
-libraryDependencies ++= Seq(
-  javaJdbc,
-  cache,
-  javaWs
-)
+libraryDependencies += guice
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/conf/application.conf b/play-framework/routing-in-play/conf/application.conf
index 489d3f9b3e..85c184dcb1 100644
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/conf/application.conf
+++ b/play-framework/routing-in-play/conf/application.conf
@@ -1,353 +1,2 @@
 # This is the main configuration file for the application.
 # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ConfigFile
-# ~~~~~
-# Play uses HOCON as its configuration file format.  HOCON has a number
-# of advantages over other config formats, but there are two things that
-# can be used when modifying settings.
-#
-# You can include other configuration files in this main application.conf file:
-#include "extra-config.conf"
-#
-# You can declare variables and substitute for them:
-#mykey = ${some.value}
-#
-# And if an environment variable exists when there is no other subsitution, then
-# HOCON will fall back to substituting environment variable:
-#mykey = ${JAVA_HOME}
-
-## Akka
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaAkka#Configuration
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaAkka#Configuration
-# ~~~~~
-# Play uses Akka internally and exposes Akka Streams and actors in Websockets and
-# other streaming HTTP responses.
-akka {
-  # "akka.log-config-on-start" is extraordinarly useful because it log the complete
-  # configuration at INFO level, including defaults and overrides, so it s worth
-  # putting at the very top.
-  #
-  # Put the following in your conf/logback.xml file:
-  #
-  # <logger name="akka.actor" level="INFO" />
-  #
-  # And then uncomment this line to debug the configuration.
-  #
-  #log-config-on-start = true
-}
-
-## Secret key
-# http://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ApplicationSecret
-# ~~~~~
-# The secret key is used to sign Play's session cookie.
-# This must be changed for production, but we don't recommend you change it in this file.
-play.crypto.secret = "changeme"
-
-## Modules
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/Modules
-# ~~~~~
-# Control which modules are loaded when Play starts.  Note that modules are
-# the replacement for "GlobalSettings", which are deprecated in 2.5.x.
-# Please see https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/GlobalSettings
-# for more information.
-#
-# You can also extend Play functionality by using one of the publically available
-# Play modules: https://playframework.com/documentation/latest/ModuleDirectory
-play.modules {
-  # By default, Play will load any class called Module that is defined
-  # in the root package (the "app" directory), or you can define them
-  # explicitly below.
-  # If there are any built-in modules that you want to disable, you can list them here.
-  #enabled += my.application.Module
-
-  # If there are any built-in modules that you want to disable, you can list them here.
-  #disabled += ""
-}
-
-## IDE
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/IDE
-# ~~~~~
-# Depending on your IDE, you can add a hyperlink for errors that will jump you
-# directly to the code location in the IDE in dev mode. The following line makes 
-# use of the IntelliJ IDEA REST interface: 
-#play.editor="http://localhost:63342/api/file/?file=%s&line=%s"
-
-## Internationalisation
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaI18N
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaI18N
-# ~~~~~
-# Play comes with its own i18n settings, which allow the user's preferred language
-# to map through to internal messages, or allow the language to be stored in a cookie.
-play.i18n {
-  # The application languages
-  langs = [ "en" ]
-
-  # Whether the language cookie should be secure or not
-  #langCookieSecure = true
-
-  # Whether the HTTP only attribute of the cookie should be set to true
-  #langCookieHttpOnly = true
-}
-
-## Play HTTP settings
-# ~~~~~
-play.http {
-  ## Router
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaRouting
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaRouting
-  # ~~~~~
-  # Define the Router object to use for this application.
-  # This router will be looked up first when the application is starting up,
-  # so make sure this is the entry point.
-  # Furthermore, it's assumed your route file is named properly.
-  # So for an application router like `my.application.Router`,
-  # you may need to define a router file `conf/my.application.routes`.
-  # Default to Routes in the root package (aka "apps" folder) (and conf/routes)
-  #router = my.application.Router
-
-  ## Action Creator
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaActionCreator
-  # ~~~~~
-  #actionCreator = null
-
-  ## ErrorHandler
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaRouting
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaRouting
-  # ~~~~~
-  # If null, will attempt to load a class called ErrorHandler in the root package,
-  #errorHandler = null
-
-  ## Filters
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaHttpFilters
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaHttpFilters
-  # ~~~~~
-  # Filters run code on every request. They can be used to perform
-  # common logic for all your actions, e.g. adding common headers.
-  # Defaults to "Filters" in the root package (aka "apps" folder)
-  # Alternatively you can explicitly register a class here.
-  #filters = my.application.Filters
-
-  ## Session & Flash
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaSessionFlash
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaSessionFlash
-  # ~~~~~
-  session {
-    # Sets the cookie to be sent only over HTTPS.
-    #secure = true
-
-    # Sets the cookie to be accessed only by the server.
-    #httpOnly = true
-
-    # Sets the max-age field of the cookie to 5 minutes.
-    # NOTE: this only sets when the browser will discard the cookie. Play will consider any
-    # cookie value with a valid signature to be a valid session forever. To implement a server side session timeout,
-    # you need to put a timestamp in the session and check it at regular intervals to possibly expire it.
-    #maxAge = 300
-
-    # Sets the domain on the session cookie.
-    #domain = "example.com"
-  }
-
-  flash {
-    # Sets the cookie to be sent only over HTTPS.
-    #secure = true
-
-    # Sets the cookie to be accessed only by the server.
-    #httpOnly = true
-  }
-}
-
-## Netty Provider
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/SettingsNetty
-# ~~~~~
-play.server.netty {
-  # Whether the Netty wire should be logged
-  #log.wire = true
-
-  # If you run Play on Linux, you can use Netty's native socket transport
-  # for higher performance with less garbage.
-  #transport = "native"
-}
-
-## WS (HTTP Client)
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaWS#Configuring-WS
-# ~~~~~
-# The HTTP client primarily used for REST APIs.  The default client can be
-# configured directly, but you can also create different client instances
-# with customized settings. You must enable this by adding to build.sbt:
-#
-# libraryDependencies += ws // or javaWs if using java
-#
-play.ws {
-  # Sets HTTP requests not to follow 302 requests
-  #followRedirects = false
-
-  # Sets the maximum number of open HTTP connections for the client.
-  #ahc.maxConnectionsTotal = 50
-
-  ## WS SSL
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/WsSSL
-  # ~~~~~
-  ssl {
-    # Configuring HTTPS with Play WS does not require programming.  You can
-    # set up both trustManager and keyManager for mutual authentication, and
-    # turn on JSSE debugging in development with a reload.
-    #debug.handshake = true
-    #trustManager = {
-    #  stores = [
-    #    { type = "JKS", path = "exampletrust.jks" }
-    #  ]
-    #}
-  }
-}
-
-## Cache
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaCache
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaCache
-# ~~~~~
-# Play comes with an integrated cache API that can reduce the operational
-# overhead of repeated requests. You must enable this by adding to build.sbt:
-#
-# libraryDependencies += cache
-#
-play.cache {
-  # If you want to bind several caches, you can bind the individually
-  #bindCaches = ["db-cache", "user-cache", "session-cache"]
-}
-
-## Filters
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/Filters
-# ~~~~~
-# There are a number of built-in filters that can be enabled and configured
-# to give Play greater security.  You must enable this by adding to build.sbt:
-#
-# libraryDependencies += filters
-#
-play.filters {
-  ## CORS filter configuration
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/CorsFilter
-  # ~~~~~
-  # CORS is a protocol that allows web applications to make requests from the browser
-  # across different domains.
-  # NOTE: You MUST apply the CORS configuration before the CSRF filter, as CSRF has
-  # dependencies on CORS settings.
-  cors {
-    # Filter paths by a whitelist of path prefixes
-    #pathPrefixes = ["/some/path", ...]
-
-    # The allowed origins. If null, all origins are allowed.
-    #allowedOrigins = ["http://www.example.com"]
-
-    # The allowed HTTP methods. If null, all methods are allowed
-    #allowedHttpMethods = ["GET", "POST"]
-  }
-
-  ## CSRF Filter
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaCsrf#Applying-a-global-CSRF-filter
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaCsrf#Applying-a-global-CSRF-filter
-  # ~~~~~
-  # Play supports multiple methods for verifying that a request is not a CSRF request.
-  # The primary mechanism is a CSRF token. This token gets placed either in the query string
-  # or body of every form submitted, and also gets placed in the users session.
-  # Play then verifies that both tokens are present and match.
-  csrf {
-    # Sets the cookie to be sent only over HTTPS
-    #cookie.secure = true
-
-    # Defaults to CSRFErrorHandler in the root package.
-    #errorHandler = MyCSRFErrorHandler
-  }
-
-  ## Security headers filter configuration
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/SecurityHeaders
-  # ~~~~~
-  # Defines security headers that prevent XSS attacks.
-  # If enabled, then all options are set to the below configuration by default:
-  headers {
-    # The X-Frame-Options header. If null, the header is not set.
-    #frameOptions = "DENY"
-
-    # The X-XSS-Protection header. If null, the header is not set.
-    #xssProtection = "1; mode=block"
-
-    # The X-Content-Type-Options header. If null, the header is not set.
-    #contentTypeOptions = "nosniff"
-
-    # The X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies header. If null, the header is not set.
-    #permittedCrossDomainPolicies = "master-only"
-
-    # The Content-Security-Policy header. If null, the header is not set.
-    #contentSecurityPolicy = "default-src 'self'"
-  }
-
-  ## Allowed hosts filter configuration
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/AllowedHostsFilter
-  # ~~~~~
-  # Play provides a filter that lets you configure which hosts can access your application.
-  # This is useful to prevent cache poisoning attacks.
-  hosts {
-    # Allow requests to example.com, its subdomains, and localhost:9000.
-    #allowed = [".example.com", "localhost:9000"]
-  }
-}
-
-## Evolutions
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/Evolutions
-# ~~~~~
-# Evolutions allows database scripts to be automatically run on startup in dev mode
-# for database migrations. You must enable this by adding to build.sbt:
-#
-# libraryDependencies += evolutions
-#
-play.evolutions {
-  # You can disable evolutions for a specific datasource if necessary
-  #db.default.enabled = false
-}
-
-## Database Connection Pool
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/SettingsJDBC
-# ~~~~~
-# Play doesn't require a JDBC database to run, but you can easily enable one.
-#
-# libraryDependencies += jdbc
-#
-play.db {
-  # The combination of these two settings results in "db.default" as the
-  # default JDBC pool:
-  #config = "db"
-  #default = "default"
-
-  # Play uses HikariCP as the default connection pool.  You can override
-  # settings by changing the prototype:
-  prototype {
-    # Sets a fixed JDBC connection pool size of 50
-    #hikaricp.minimumIdle = 50
-    #hikaricp.maximumPoolSize = 50
-  }
-}
-
-## JDBC Datasource
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaDatabase
-# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaDatabase
-# ~~~~~
-# Once JDBC datasource is set up, you can work with several different
-# database options:
-#
-# Slick (Scala preferred option): https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/PlaySlick
-# JPA (Java preferred option): https://playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaJPA
-# EBean: https://playframework.com/documentation/latest/JavaEbean
-# Anorm: https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ScalaAnorm
-#
-db {
-  # You can declare as many datasources as you want.
-  # By convention, the default datasource is named `default`
-
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/Developing-with-the-H2-Database
-  #default.driver = org.h2.Driver
-  #default.url = "jdbc:h2:mem:play"
-  #default.username = sa
-  #default.password = ""
-
-  # You can turn on SQL logging for any datasource
-  # https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/Highlights25#Logging-SQL-statements
-  #default.logSql=true
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/conf/logback.xml b/play-framework/routing-in-play/conf/logback.xml
index 86ec12c0af..e8c982543f 100644
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/conf/logback.xml
+++ b/play-framework/routing-in-play/conf/logback.xml
@@ -27,12 +27,6 @@
   <logger name="play" level="INFO" />
   <logger name="application" level="DEBUG" />
 
-  <!-- Off these ones as they are annoying, and anyway we manage configuration ourselves -->
-  <logger name="com.avaje.ebean.config.PropertyMapLoader" level="OFF" />
-  <logger name="com.avaje.ebeaninternal.server.core.XmlConfigLoader" level="OFF" />
-  <logger name="com.avaje.ebeaninternal.server.lib.BackgroundThread" level="OFF" />
-  <logger name="com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.javascript" level="OFF" />
-
   <root level="WARN">
     <appender-ref ref="ASYNCFILE" />
     <appender-ref ref="ASYNCSTDOUT" />
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/conf/routes b/play-framework/routing-in-play/conf/routes
index f72d8a1a14..43dc4c8733 100644
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/conf/routes
+++ b/play-framework/routing-in-play/conf/routes
@@ -1,7 +1,15 @@
-GET     /    controllers.HomeController.index(author="Baeldung",id:Int?=1)
-GET     /:author     controllers.HomeController.index(author,id:Int?=1)
-GET     /greet/:name/:age    controllers.HomeController.greet(name,age:Integer)
-GET     /square/$num<[0-9]+>    controllers.HomeController.squareMe(num:Long)
+# Routes
+# This file defines all application routes (Higher priority routes first)
+# ~~~~
+
+# An example controller showing a sample home page
+GET        /                           controllers.HomeController.index
+GET        /writer                     controllers.HomeController.writer(author = "Baeldung", id: Int ?= 1)
+GET        /writer/:author             controllers.HomeController.writer(author: String, id: Int ?= 1)
+GET        /baeldung/:id               controllers.HomeController.viewUser(id: String)
+GET        /greet/:name/:age           controllers.HomeController.greet(name: String, age: Integer)
+GET        /square/$num<[0-9]+>        controllers.HomeController.squareMe(num: Long)
+GET        /*data                      controllers.HomeController.introduceMe(data)
+
 # Map static resources from the /public folder to the /assets URL path
-GET     /assets/*file               controllers.Assets.versioned(path="/public", file: Asset)
-GET     /*data    controllers.HomeController.introduceMe(data)
+GET        /assets/*file               controllers.Assets.versioned(path="/public", file: Asset)
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/libexec/activator-launch-1.3.10.jar b/play-framework/routing-in-play/libexec/activator-launch-1.3.10.jar
deleted file mode 100644
index 69050e7dec..0000000000
Binary files a/play-framework/routing-in-play/libexec/activator-launch-1.3.10.jar and /dev/null differ
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/project/build.properties b/play-framework/routing-in-play/project/build.properties
index 6d22e3f2d1..c0bab04941 100644
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/project/build.properties
+++ b/play-framework/routing-in-play/project/build.properties
@@ -1,4 +1 @@
-#Activator-generated Properties
-#Fri Sep 30 14:25:10 EAT 2016
-template.uuid=26c759a5-daf0-4e02-bcfa-ac69725267c0
-sbt.version=0.13.11
+sbt.version=1.2.8
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/project/plugins.sbt b/play-framework/routing-in-play/project/plugins.sbt
index e8e7f602f7..1c8c62a0d5 100644
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/project/plugins.sbt
+++ b/play-framework/routing-in-play/project/plugins.sbt
@@ -1,21 +1,7 @@
 // The Play plugin
-addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.play" % "sbt-plugin" % "2.5.8")
+addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.play" % "sbt-plugin" % "2.7.3")
 
-// Web plugins
-addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-coffeescript" % "1.0.0")
-addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-less" % "1.1.0")
-addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-jshint" % "1.0.4")
-addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-rjs" % "1.0.8")
-addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-digest" % "1.1.1")
-addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-mocha" % "1.1.0")
-addSbtPlugin("org.irundaia.sbt" % "sbt-sassify" % "1.4.6")
-
-// Play enhancer - this automatically generates getters/setters for public fields
-// and rewrites accessors of these fields to use the getters/setters. Remove this
-// plugin if you prefer not to have this feature, or disable on a per project
-// basis using disablePlugins(PlayEnhancer) in your build.sbt
-addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-play-enhancer" % "1.1.0")
-
-// Play Ebean support, to enable, uncomment this line, and enable in your build.sbt using
-// enablePlugins(PlayEbean).
-// addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.sbt" % "sbt-play-ebean" % "3.0.2")
+// Defines scaffolding (found under .g8 folder)
+// http://www.foundweekends.org/giter8/scaffolding.html
+// sbt "g8Scaffold form"
+addSbtPlugin("org.foundweekends.giter8" % "sbt-giter8-scaffold" % "0.11.0")
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/public/javascripts/hello.js b/play-framework/routing-in-play/public/javascripts/hello.js
deleted file mode 100644
index 02ee13c7ca..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/public/javascripts/hello.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-if (window.console) {
-  console.log("Welcome to your Play application's JavaScript!");
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/public/javascripts/main.js b/play-framework/routing-in-play/public/javascripts/main.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/test/ApplicationUnitTest.java b/play-framework/routing-in-play/test/ApplicationUnitTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index 572ce282bc..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/test/ApplicationUnitTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.HashMap;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Map;
-
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
-import org.junit.*;
-
-import play.mvc.*;
-import play.test.*;
-import play.data.DynamicForm;
-import play.data.validation.ValidationError;
-import play.data.validation.Constraints.RequiredValidator;
-import play.i18n.Lang;
-import play.libs.F;
-import play.libs.F.*;
-import play.twirl.api.Content;
-
-import static play.test.Helpers.*;
-import static org.junit.Assert.*;
-
-
-/**
- *
- * Simple (JUnit) tests that can call all parts of a play app.
- * If you are interested in mocking a whole application, see the wiki for more details.
- *
- */
-public class ApplicationUnitTest {
-
-    @Test
-    public void simpleCheck() {
-        int a = 1 + 1;
-        assertEquals(2, a);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void renderTemplate() {
-        Content html = views.html.index.render("Your new application is ready.");
-        assertEquals("text/html", html.contentType());
-        assertTrue(html.body().contains("Your new application is ready."));
-    }
-
-
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/test/IntegrationTest.java b/play-framework/routing-in-play/test/IntegrationTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index c53c71e124..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/test/IntegrationTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-import org.junit.*;
-
-import play.mvc.*;
-import play.test.*;
-
-import static play.test.Helpers.*;
-import static org.junit.Assert.*;
-
-import static org.fluentlenium.core.filter.FilterConstructor.*;
-
-public class IntegrationTest {
-
-    /**
-     * add your integration test here
-     * in this example we just check if the welcome page is being shown
-     */
-    @Test
-    public void test() {
-        running(testServer(3333, fakeApplication(inMemoryDatabase())), HTMLUNIT, browser -> {
-            browser.goTo("http://localhost:3333");
-            assertTrue(browser.pageSource().contains("Your new application is ready."));
-        });
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/test/controllers/HomeControllerUnitTest.java b/play-framework/routing-in-play/test/controllers/HomeControllerUnitTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b911242ac7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/play-framework/routing-in-play/test/controllers/HomeControllerUnitTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package controllers;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import play.Application;
+import play.inject.guice.GuiceApplicationBuilder;
+import play.mvc.Http;
+import play.mvc.Result;
+import play.test.WithApplication;
+import play.twirl.api.Html;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static play.mvc.Http.Status.*;
+import static play.test.Helpers.GET;
+import static play.test.Helpers.route;
+
+public class HomeControllerUnitTest extends WithApplication {
+
+    @Override
+    protected Application provideApplication() {
+        return new GuiceApplicationBuilder().build();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenRequest_whenRootPath_ThenStatusOkay() {
+        Http.RequestBuilder request = new Http.RequestBuilder()
+                .method(GET)
+                .uri("/");
+
+        Result result = route(app, request);
+        assertEquals(OK, result.status());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/play-framework/routing-in-play/.gitignore b/play-framework/student-api/.gitignore
similarity index 94%
rename from play-framework/routing-in-play/.gitignore
rename to play-framework/student-api/.gitignore
index eb372fc719..e497f3fc67 100644
--- a/play-framework/routing-in-play/.gitignore
+++ b/play-framework/student-api/.gitignore
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 logs
 target
 /.idea
+/.g8
 /.idea_modules
 /.classpath
 /.project
diff --git a/play-framework/student-api/app/controllers/StudentController.java b/play-framework/student-api/app/controllers/StudentController.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5373511560
--- /dev/null
+++ b/play-framework/student-api/app/controllers/StudentController.java
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+package controllers;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
+import model.Student;
+import play.libs.Json;
+import play.libs.concurrent.HttpExecutionContext;
+import play.mvc.Controller;
+import play.mvc.Http;
+import play.mvc.Result;
+import store.StudentStore;
+import utils.Util;
+
+import javax.inject.Inject;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
+
+import static java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture.supplyAsync;
+
+public class StudentController extends Controller {
+    private HttpExecutionContext ec;
+    private StudentStore studentStore;
+
+    @Inject
+    public StudentController(HttpExecutionContext ec, StudentStore studentStore) {
+        this.studentStore = studentStore;
+        this.ec = ec;
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Result> create(Http.Request request) {
+        JsonNode json = request.body().asJson();
+        return supplyAsync(() -> {
+            if (json == null) {
+                return badRequest(Util.createResponse("Expecting Json data", false));
+            }
+
+            Optional<Student> studentOptional = studentStore.addStudent(Json.fromJson(json, Student.class));
+            return studentOptional.map(student -> {
+                JsonNode jsonObject = Json.toJson(student);
+                return created(Util.createResponse(jsonObject, true));
+            }).orElse(internalServerError(Util.createResponse("Could not create data.", false)));
+        }, ec.current());
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Result> listStudents() {
+        return supplyAsync(() -> {
+            Set<Student> result = studentStore.getAllStudents();
+            ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
+            JsonNode jsonData = mapper.convertValue(result, JsonNode.class);
+            return ok(Util.createResponse(jsonData, true));
+        }, ec.current());
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Result> retrieve(int id) {
+        return supplyAsync(() -> {
+            final Optional<Student> studentOptional = studentStore.getStudent(id);
+            return studentOptional.map(student -> {
+                JsonNode jsonObjects = Json.toJson(student);
+                return ok(Util.createResponse(jsonObjects, true));
+            }).orElse(notFound(Util.createResponse("Student with id:" + id + " not found", false)));
+        }, ec.current());
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Result> update(Http.Request request) {
+        JsonNode json = request.body().asJson();
+        return supplyAsync(() -> {
+            if (json == null) {
+                return badRequest(Util.createResponse("Expecting Json data", false));
+            }
+            Optional<Student> studentOptional = studentStore.updateStudent(Json.fromJson(json, Student.class));
+            return studentOptional.map(student -> {
+                if (student == null) {
+                    return notFound(Util.createResponse("Student not found", false));
+                }
+                JsonNode jsonObject = Json.toJson(student);
+                return ok(Util.createResponse(jsonObject, true));
+            }).orElse(internalServerError(Util.createResponse("Could not create data.", false)));
+        }, ec.current());
+    }
+
+    public CompletionStage<Result> delete(int id) {
+        return supplyAsync(() -> {
+            boolean status = studentStore.deleteStudent(id);
+            if (!status) {
+                return notFound(Util.createResponse("Student with id:" + id + " not found", false));
+            }
+            return ok(Util.createResponse("Student with id:" + id + " deleted", true));
+        }, ec.current());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/app/models/Student.java b/play-framework/student-api/app/model/Student.java
similarity index 84%
rename from play-framework/introduction/app/models/Student.java
rename to play-framework/student-api/app/model/Student.java
index dc539767bd..39cbfe0040 100644
--- a/play-framework/introduction/app/models/Student.java
+++ b/play-framework/student-api/app/model/Student.java
@@ -1,15 +1,19 @@
-package models;
+package model;
+
 public class Student {
     private String firstName;
     private String lastName;
     private int age;
     private int id;
-	public Student(){}
-    public Student(String firstName, String lastName, int age) {
-        super();
+
+    public Student() {
+    }
+
+    public Student(String firstName, String lastName, int age, int id) {
         this.firstName = firstName;
         this.lastName = lastName;
         this.age = age;
+        this.id = id;
     }
 
     public String getFirstName() {
@@ -43,5 +47,4 @@ public class Student {
     public void setId(int id) {
         this.id = id;
     }
-
 }
diff --git a/play-framework/student-api/app/store/StudentStore.java b/play-framework/student-api/app/store/StudentStore.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..315db5b916
--- /dev/null
+++ b/play-framework/student-api/app/store/StudentStore.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+package store;
+
+import model.Student;
+
+import java.util.*;
+
+public class StudentStore {
+    private Map<Integer, Student> students = new HashMap<>();
+
+    public Optional<Student> addStudent(Student student) {
+        int id = students.size();
+        student.setId(id);
+        students.put(id, student);
+        return Optional.ofNullable(student);
+    }
+
+    public Optional<Student> getStudent(int id) {
+        return Optional.ofNullable(students.get(id));
+    }
+
+    public Set<Student> getAllStudents() {
+        return new HashSet<>(students.values());
+    }
+
+    public Optional<Student> updateStudent(Student student) {
+        int id = student.getId();
+        if (students.containsKey(id)) {
+            students.put(id, student);
+            return Optional.ofNullable(student);
+        }
+        return Optional.empty();
+    }
+
+    public boolean deleteStudent(int id) {
+        return students.remove(id) != null;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/play-framework/introduction/app/util/Util.java b/play-framework/student-api/app/utils/Util.java
similarity index 60%
rename from play-framework/introduction/app/util/Util.java
rename to play-framework/student-api/app/utils/Util.java
index a853a4cb43..3fb9833ada 100644
--- a/play-framework/introduction/app/util/Util.java
+++ b/play-framework/student-api/app/utils/Util.java
@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
-package util;
+package utils;
 
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.ObjectNode;
 import play.libs.Json;
 
 public class Util {
     public static ObjectNode createResponse(Object response, boolean ok) {
         ObjectNode result = Json.newObject();
-        result.put("isSuccessfull", ok);
-        if (response instanceof String)
+        result.put("isSuccessful", ok);
+        if (response instanceof String) {
             result.put("body", (String) response);
-        else result.put("body", (JsonNode) response);
-
+        } else {
+            result.putPOJO("body", response);
+        }
         return result;
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/play-framework/student-api/build.sbt b/play-framework/student-api/build.sbt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..13d3fe96cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/play-framework/student-api/build.sbt
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+name := """student-api"""
+organization := "com.baeldung"
+
+version := "1.0-SNAPSHOT"
+
+lazy val root = (project in file(".")).enablePlugins(PlayJava)
+
+scalaVersion := "2.13.0"
+
+libraryDependencies += guice
diff --git a/play-framework/student-api/conf/application.conf b/play-framework/student-api/conf/application.conf
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..85c184dcb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/play-framework/student-api/conf/application.conf
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# This is the main configuration file for the application.
+# https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/ConfigFile
diff --git a/play-framework/student-api/conf/logback.xml b/play-framework/student-api/conf/logback.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e8c982543f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/play-framework/student-api/conf/logback.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<!-- https://www.playframework.com/documentation/latest/SettingsLogger -->
+<configuration>
+
+  <conversionRule conversionWord="coloredLevel" converterClass="play.api.libs.logback.ColoredLevel" />
+
+  <appender name="FILE" class="ch.qos.logback.core.FileAppender">
+    <file>${application.home:-.}/logs/application.log</file>
+    <encoder>
+      <pattern>%date [%level] from %logger in %thread - %message%n%xException</pattern>
+    </encoder>
+  </appender>
+
+  <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
+    <encoder>
+      <pattern>%coloredLevel %logger{15} - %message%n%xException{10}</pattern>
+    </encoder>
+  </appender>
+
+  <appender name="ASYNCFILE" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.AsyncAppender">
+    <appender-ref ref="FILE" />
+  </appender>
+
+  <appender name="ASYNCSTDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.classic.AsyncAppender">
+    <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
+  </appender>
+
+  <logger name="play" level="INFO" />
+  <logger name="application" level="DEBUG" />
+
+  <root level="WARN">
+    <appender-ref ref="ASYNCFILE" />
+    <appender-ref ref="ASYNCSTDOUT" />
+  </root>
+
+</configuration>
diff --git a/play-framework/student-api/conf/routes b/play-framework/student-api/conf/routes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f89b866953
--- /dev/null
+++ b/play-framework/student-api/conf/routes
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Routes
+# This file defines all application routes (Higher priority routes first)
+# ~~~~
+
+GET     /                           controllers.StudentController.listStudents()
+GET     /:id                        controllers.StudentController.retrieve(id:Int)
+POST    /                           controllers.StudentController.create(request: Request)
+PUT     /                           controllers.StudentController.update(request: Request)
+DELETE  /:id                        controllers.StudentController.delete(id:Int)
+
+# Map static resources from the /public folder to the /assets URL path
+GET     /assets/*file               controllers.Assets.versioned(path="/public", file: Asset)
diff --git a/play-framework/student-api/project/build.properties b/play-framework/student-api/project/build.properties
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c0bab04941
--- /dev/null
+++ b/play-framework/student-api/project/build.properties
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+sbt.version=1.2.8
diff --git a/play-framework/student-api/project/plugins.sbt b/play-framework/student-api/project/plugins.sbt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1c8c62a0d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/play-framework/student-api/project/plugins.sbt
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+// The Play plugin
+addSbtPlugin("com.typesafe.play" % "sbt-plugin" % "2.7.3")
+
+// Defines scaffolding (found under .g8 folder)
+// http://www.foundweekends.org/giter8/scaffolding.html
+// sbt "g8Scaffold form"
+addSbtPlugin("org.foundweekends.giter8" % "sbt-giter8-scaffold" % "0.11.0")
diff --git a/play-framework/student-api/test/ApplicationLiveTest.java b/play-framework/student-api/test/ApplicationLiveTest.java
deleted file mode 100644
index beeef1a602..0000000000
--- a/play-framework/student-api/test/ApplicationLiveTest.java
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,172 +0,0 @@
-
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
-
-import java.io.BufferedReader;
-import java.io.DataOutputStream;
-import java.io.IOException;
-import java.io.InputStream;
-import java.io.InputStreamReader;
-import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
-import java.net.MalformedURLException;
-import java.net.URL;
-import java.util.Arrays;
-
-import org.json.JSONArray;
-import org.json.JSONObject;
-import org.junit.Before;
-import org.junit.Test;
-import model.Student;
-import play.test.*;
-import static play.test.Helpers.*;
-
-public class ApplicationLiveTest{
-    private static final String BASE_URL = "http://localhost:9000";
-
-	@Test
-public void testInServer() throws Exception {
-    TestServer server = testServer(3333);
-    running(server, () -> {
-        try {
-            WSClient ws = play.libs.ws.WS.newClient(3333);
-            CompletionStage<WSResponse> completionStage = ws.url("/").get();
-            WSResponse response = completionStage.toCompletableFuture().get();
-            ws.close();
-            assertEquals(OK, response.getStatus());
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
-        }
-    });
-}
-    @Test
-    public void whenCreatesRecord_thenCorrect() {
-        Student student = new Student("jody", "west", 50);
-        JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(makeRequest(BASE_URL, "POST", new JSONObject(student)));
-        assertTrue(obj.getBoolean("isSuccessfull"));
-        JSONObject body = obj.getJSONObject("body");
-        assertEquals(student.getAge(), body.getInt("age"));
-        assertEquals(student.getFirstName(), body.getString("firstName"));
-        assertEquals(student.getLastName(), body.getString("lastName"));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void whenDeletesCreatedRecord_thenCorrect() {
-        Student student = new Student("Usain", "Bolt", 25);
-        JSONObject ob1 = new JSONObject(makeRequest(BASE_URL, "POST", new JSONObject(student))).getJSONObject("body");
-        int id = ob1.getInt("id");
-        JSONObject obj1 = new JSONObject(makeRequest(BASE_URL + "/" + id, "POST", new JSONObject()));
-        assertTrue(obj1.getBoolean("isSuccessfull"));
-        makeRequest(BASE_URL + "/" + id, "DELETE", null);
-        JSONObject obj2 = new JSONObject(makeRequest(BASE_URL + "/" + id, "POST", new JSONObject()));
-        assertFalse(obj2.getBoolean("isSuccessfull"));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void whenUpdatesCreatedRecord_thenCorrect() {
-        Student student = new Student("john", "doe", 50);
-        JSONObject body1 = new JSONObject(makeRequest(BASE_URL, "POST", new JSONObject(student))).getJSONObject("body");
-        assertEquals(student.getAge(), body1.getInt("age"));
-        int newAge = 60;
-        body1.put("age", newAge);
-        JSONObject body2 = new JSONObject(makeRequest(BASE_URL, "PUT", body1)).getJSONObject("body");
-        assertFalse(student.getAge() == body2.getInt("age"));
-        assertTrue(newAge == body2.getInt("age"));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void whenGetsAllRecords_thenCorrect() {
-        Student student1 = new Student("jane", "daisy", 50);
-        Student student2 = new Student("john", "daniel", 60);
-        Student student3 = new Student("don", "mason", 55);
-        Student student4 = new Student("scarlet", "ohara", 90);
-
-        makeRequest(BASE_URL, "POST", new JSONObject(student1));
-        makeRequest(BASE_URL, "POST", new JSONObject(student2));
-        makeRequest(BASE_URL, "POST", new JSONObject(student3));
-        makeRequest(BASE_URL, "POST", new JSONObject(student4));
-
-        JSONObject objects = new JSONObject(makeRequest(BASE_URL, "GET", null));
-        assertTrue(objects.getBoolean("isSuccessfull"));
-        JSONArray array = objects.getJSONArray("body");
-        assertTrue(array.length() >= 4);
-    }
-
-    public static String makeRequest(String myUrl, String httpMethod, JSONObject parameters) {
-
-        URL url = null;
-        try {
-            url = new URL(myUrl);
-        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        }
-        HttpURLConnection conn = null;
-        try {
-
-            conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        }
-        conn.setDoInput(true);
-
-        conn.setReadTimeout(10000);
-
-        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
-        DataOutputStream dos = null;
-        int respCode = 0;
-        String inputString = null;
-        try {
-            conn.setRequestMethod(httpMethod);
-
-            if (Arrays.asList("POST", "PUT").contains(httpMethod)) {
-                String params = parameters.toString();
-
-                conn.setDoOutput(true);
-
-                dos = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
-                dos.writeBytes(params);
-                dos.flush();
-                dos.close();
-            }
-            respCode = conn.getResponseCode();
-            if (respCode != 200 && respCode != 201) {
-                String error = inputStreamToString(conn.getErrorStream());
-                return error;
-            }
-            inputString = inputStreamToString(conn.getInputStream());
-
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        }
-        return inputString;
-    }
-
-    public static String inputStreamToString(InputStream is) {
-        BufferedReader br = null;
-        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
-
-        String line;
-        try {
-
-            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
-            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
-                sb.append(line);
-            }
-
-        } catch (IOException e) {
-            e.printStackTrace();
-        } finally {
-            if (br != null) {
-                try {
-                    br.close();
-                } catch (IOException e) {
-                    e.printStackTrace();
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        return sb.toString();
-
-    }
-}
diff --git a/play-framework/student-api/test/controllers/StudentControllerUnitTest.java b/play-framework/student-api/test/controllers/StudentControllerUnitTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bf645b72f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/play-framework/student-api/test/controllers/StudentControllerUnitTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+package controllers;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.node.ObjectNode;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import play.Application;
+import play.inject.guice.GuiceApplicationBuilder;
+import play.libs.Json;
+import play.mvc.Http;
+import play.mvc.Result;
+import play.test.WithApplication;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static play.mvc.Http.Status.OK;
+import static play.test.Helpers.*;
+
+public class StudentControllerUnitTest extends WithApplication {
+
+    @Override
+    protected Application provideApplication() {
+        return new GuiceApplicationBuilder().build();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenStudentPostData_whenCreatingStudent_ThenShouldReturnCreatedStudent() {
+        final ObjectNode jsonNode = Json.newObject();
+        jsonNode.put("firstName", "John");
+        jsonNode.put("lastName", "Baeldung");
+        jsonNode.put("age", 25);
+
+        Http.RequestBuilder request = new Http.RequestBuilder()
+                .method(POST)
+                .bodyJson(jsonNode)
+                .uri("/");
+
+        Result result = route(app, request);
+        assertEquals(CREATED, result.status());
+        assertTrue(result.contentType().isPresent());
+        assertEquals("application/json", result.contentType().get());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenUrlToListStudents_whenListingStudents_ThenShouldReturnStudentList() {
+        Http.RequestBuilder request = new Http.RequestBuilder()
+                .method(GET)
+                .uri("/");
+
+        Result result = route(app, request);
+        assertEquals(OK, result.status());
+        assertTrue(result.contentType().isPresent());
+        assertEquals("application/json", result.contentType().get());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenUrlToRetrieveSingleStudent_whenRetrievingStudent_ThenShouldReturn404NotFound() {
+        Http.RequestBuilder request = new Http.RequestBuilder()
+                .method(GET)
+                .uri("/1");
+
+        Result result = route(app, request);
+        assertEquals(NOT_FOUND, result.status());
+        assertTrue(result.contentType().isPresent());
+        assertEquals("application/json", result.contentType().get());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenUrlToUpdateStudent_whenaUpdatingStudent_ThenShouldFail() {
+        final ObjectNode jsonNode = Json.newObject();
+        jsonNode.put("firstName", "John");
+        jsonNode.put("lastName", "Baeldung");
+        jsonNode.put("age", 25);
+
+        Http.RequestBuilder request = new Http.RequestBuilder()
+                .method(PUT)
+                .bodyJson(jsonNode)
+                .uri("/");
+
+        Result result = route(app, request);
+        assertEquals(INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, result.status());
+        assertTrue(result.contentType().isPresent());
+        assertEquals("application/json", result.contentType().get());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenIdToDeleteStudent_whenDeletingStudent_ThenShouldFail() {
+        Http.RequestBuilder request = new Http.RequestBuilder()
+                .method(DELETE)
+                .uri("/1");
+
+        Result result = route(app, request);
+        assertEquals(NOT_FOUND, result.status());
+        assertTrue(result.contentType().isPresent());
+        assertEquals("application/json", result.contentType().get());
+    }
+}