From 5cb50132f757cd4869a28eace6863fd6c948baa9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Mansoor Ali <muhammadmansoorali@outlook.com>
Date: Tue, 5 Oct 2021 07:00:20 +0500
Subject: [PATCH] BAEL-5118 (#11238)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
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* BAEL-5118 How to solve Hibernate “object references an unsaved transient instance” error
* BAEL-5118 How to solve Hibernate “object references an unsaved transient instance” error - refactoring
---
.../transientobject/HibernateUtil.java | 51 +++++++++++
.../transientobject/entity/Address.java | 74 ++++++++++++++++
.../transientobject/entity/Author.java | 71 ++++++++++++++++
.../transientobject/entity/Book.java | 72 ++++++++++++++++
.../transientobject/entity/Department.java | 70 ++++++++++++++++
.../transientobject/entity/Employee.java | 66 +++++++++++++++
.../transientobject/entity/User.java | 76 +++++++++++++++++
.../HibernateTransientObjectUnitTest.java | 84 +++++++++++++++++++
8 files changed, 564 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/HibernateUtil.java
create mode 100644 persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Address.java
create mode 100644 persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Author.java
create mode 100644 persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Book.java
create mode 100644 persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Department.java
create mode 100644 persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Employee.java
create mode 100644 persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/User.java
create mode 100644 persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/test/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/HibernateTransientObjectUnitTest.java
diff --git a/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/HibernateUtil.java b/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/HibernateUtil.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a40279661f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/HibernateUtil.java
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+package com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject;
+
+import java.util.Properties;
+
+import com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity.Address;
+import com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity.Department;
+import com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity.Author;
+import com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity.Book;
+import com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity.Employee;
+import com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity.User;
+import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
+import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
+import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
+import org.hibernate.cfg.Environment;
+import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
+
+public class HibernateUtil {
+ private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
+
+ public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
+ if (sessionFactory == null) {
+ try {
+ Configuration configuration = new Configuration();
+ Properties settings = new Properties();
+ settings.put(Environment.DRIVER, "org.hsqldb.jdbcDriver");
+ settings.put(Environment.URL, "jdbc:hsqldb:mem:transient");
+ settings.put(Environment.USER, "sa");
+ settings.put(Environment.PASS, "");
+ settings.put(Environment.DIALECT, "org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect");
+ settings.put(Environment.SHOW_SQL, "true");
+ settings.put(Environment.USE_SQL_COMMENTS, "true");
+ settings.put(Environment.HBM2DDL_AUTO, "update");
+ configuration.setProperties(settings);
+ configuration.addAnnotatedClass(User.class);
+ configuration.addAnnotatedClass(Address.class);
+ configuration.addAnnotatedClass(Department.class);
+ configuration.addAnnotatedClass(Employee.class);
+ configuration.addAnnotatedClass(Book.class);
+ configuration.addAnnotatedClass(Author.class);
+
+
+ ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder()
+ .applySettings(configuration.getProperties()).build();
+ sessionFactory = configuration.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
+ } catch (Exception e) {
+ e.printStackTrace();
+ }
+ }
+ return sessionFactory;
+ }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Address.java b/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Address.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e450fc3c18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Address.java
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+package com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import javax.persistence.Column;
+import javax.persistence.Entity;
+import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
+import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
+import javax.persistence.Id;
+import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
+import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
+import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
+import javax.persistence.Table;
+
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "address")
+public class Address {
+
+ @Id
+ @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
+ @Column(name = "id")
+ private Long id;
+
+ @Column(name = "city")
+ private String city;
+
+ @Column(name = "street")
+ private String street;
+
+ @OneToOne(mappedBy = "address")
+ private User user;
+
+ public Address() {
+ }
+
+ public Address(String city, String street) {
+ this.city = city;
+ this.street = street;
+ }
+
+ public Long getId() {
+ return id;
+ }
+
+ public void setId(Long id) {
+ this.id = id;
+ }
+
+ public String getCity() {
+ return city;
+ }
+
+ public void setCity(String city) {
+ this.city = city;
+ }
+
+ public String getStreet() {
+ return street;
+ }
+
+ public void setStreet(String street) {
+ this.street = street;
+ }
+
+ public User getUser() {
+ return user;
+ }
+
+ public void setUser(User user) {
+ this.user = user;
+ }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Author.java b/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Author.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f1a88daa36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Author.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity;
+
+import org.hibernate.annotations.Cascade;
+import org.hibernate.annotations.CascadeType;
+
+import javax.persistence.Column;
+import javax.persistence.Entity;
+import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
+import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
+import javax.persistence.Id;
+import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
+import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
+import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
+import javax.persistence.Table;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "author")
+public class Author {
+
+ @Id
+ @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
+ @Column(name = "id")
+ private int id;
+
+ @Column(name = "name")
+ private String name;
+
+ @ManyToMany
+ @Cascade({ CascadeType.SAVE_UPDATE, CascadeType.MERGE, CascadeType.PERSIST})
+ @JoinColumn(name = "book_id")
+ private Set<Book> books = new HashSet<>();
+
+ public void addBook(Book book) {
+ books.add(book);
+ }
+
+ // standard getters and setters
+
+ public Author() {
+ }
+
+ public Author(String name) {
+ this.name = name;
+ }
+
+ public int getId() {
+ return id;
+ }
+
+ public void setId(int id) {
+ this.id = id;
+ }
+
+ public String getName() {
+ return name;
+ }
+
+ public void setName(String name) {
+ this.name = name;
+ }
+
+ public Set<Book> getBooks() {
+ return books;
+ }
+
+ public void setBooks(Set<Book> books) {
+ this.books = books;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Book.java b/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Book.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..91728430ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Book.java
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+package com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity;
+
+
+import org.hibernate.annotations.Cascade;
+import org.hibernate.annotations.CascadeType;
+
+import javax.persistence.Column;
+import javax.persistence.Entity;
+import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
+import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
+import javax.persistence.Id;
+import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
+import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
+import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
+import javax.persistence.Table;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "book")
+public class Book {
+
+ @Id
+ @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
+ @Column(name = "id")
+ private int id;
+
+ @Column(name = "title")
+ private String title;
+
+ @ManyToMany
+ @Cascade({ CascadeType.SAVE_UPDATE, CascadeType.MERGE, CascadeType.PERSIST})
+ @JoinColumn(name = "author_id")
+ private Set<Author> authors = new HashSet<>();
+
+ public void addAuthor(Author author) {
+ authors.add(author);
+ }
+
+ // standard getters and setters
+
+ public Book() {
+ }
+
+ public Book(String title) {
+ this.title = title;
+ }
+
+ public int getId() {
+ return id;
+ }
+
+ public void setId(int id) {
+ this.id = id;
+ }
+
+ public String getTitle() {
+ return title;
+ }
+
+ public void setTitle(String title) {
+ this.title = title;
+ }
+
+ public Set<Author> getAuthors() {
+ return authors;
+ }
+
+ public void setAuthors(Set<Author> authors) {
+ this.authors = authors;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Department.java b/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Department.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..4b8fa69964
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Department.java
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+package com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity;
+
+import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
+import javax.persistence.Column;
+import javax.persistence.Entity;
+import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
+import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
+import javax.persistence.Id;
+import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
+import javax.persistence.Table;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "department")
+public class Department {
+
+ @Id
+ @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
+ @Column(name = "id")
+ private int id;
+
+ @Column(name = "name")
+ private String name;
+
+ @OneToMany(mappedBy = "department", cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true)
+ private Set<Employee> employees = new HashSet<>();
+
+ public void addEmployee(Employee employee) {
+ employees.add(employee);
+ }
+
+ // standard getters and setters
+
+ public Department() {
+ }
+
+ public Department(int id) {
+ this.id = id;
+ }
+
+ public Department(int id, String name) {
+ this.id = id;
+ this.name = name;
+ }
+
+ public int getId() {
+ return id;
+ }
+
+ public void setId(int id) {
+ this.id = id;
+ }
+
+ public String getName() {
+ return name;
+ }
+
+ public void setName(String name) {
+ this.name = name;
+ }
+
+ public Set<Employee> getEmployees() {
+ return employees;
+ }
+
+ public void setEmployees(Set<Employee> employees) {
+ this.employees = employees;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Employee.java b/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Employee.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..56443cce70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/Employee.java
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+package com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity;
+
+
+import org.hibernate.annotations.Cascade;
+import org.hibernate.annotations.CascadeType;
+
+import javax.persistence.Column;
+import javax.persistence.Entity;
+import javax.persistence.FetchType;
+import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
+import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
+import javax.persistence.Id;
+import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
+import javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
+import javax.persistence.Table;
+
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "employee")
+public class Employee {
+
+ @Id
+ @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
+ @Column(name = "id")
+ private int id;
+
+ @Column(name = "name")
+ private String name;
+
+ @ManyToOne
+ @Cascade(CascadeType.SAVE_UPDATE)
+ @JoinColumn(name = "department_id")
+ private Department department;
+
+ // standard getters and setters
+
+ public Employee() {
+ }
+
+ public Employee(String name) {
+ this.name = name;
+ }
+
+ public int getId() {
+ return id;
+ }
+
+ public void setId(int id) {
+ this.id = id;
+ }
+
+ public String getName() {
+ return name;
+ }
+
+ public void setName(String name) {
+ this.name = name;
+ }
+
+ public Department getDepartment() {
+ return department;
+ }
+
+ public void setDepartment(Department department) {
+ this.department = department;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/User.java b/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/User.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..eff1a88b51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/main/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/entity/User.java
@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+package com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity;
+
+import java.io.Serializable;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
+import javax.persistence.Column;
+import javax.persistence.Entity;
+import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
+import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
+import javax.persistence.Id;
+import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
+import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
+import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
+import javax.persistence.Table;
+
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "user")
+public class User {
+
+ @Id
+ @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
+ @Column(name = "id")
+ private int id;
+
+ @Column(name = "first_name")
+ private String firstName;
+
+ @Column(name = "last_name")
+ private String lastName;
+
+ @OneToOne(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
+ @JoinColumn(name = "address_id", referencedColumnName = "id")
+ private Address address;
+
+ public User() {
+ }
+
+ public User(String firstName, String lastName) {
+ this.firstName = firstName;
+ this.lastName = lastName;
+ }
+
+ public int getId() {
+ return id;
+ }
+
+ public void setId(int id) {
+ this.id = id;
+ }
+
+ public String getFirstName() {
+ return firstName;
+ }
+
+ public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
+ this.firstName = firstName;
+ }
+
+ public String getLastName() {
+ return lastName;
+ }
+
+ public void setLastName(String lastName) {
+ this.lastName = lastName;
+ }
+
+ public Address getAddress() {
+ return address;
+ }
+
+ public void setAddress(Address address) {
+ this.address = address;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/test/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/HibernateTransientObjectUnitTest.java b/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/test/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/HibernateTransientObjectUnitTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3f6d0effa9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/persistence-modules/hibernate-exceptions/src/test/java/com/baeldung/hibernate/exception/transientobject/HibernateTransientObjectUnitTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+package com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject;
+
+import com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity.Address;
+import com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity.Department;
+import com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity.Author;
+import com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity.Book;
+import com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity.Employee;
+import com.baeldung.hibernate.exception.transientobject.entity.User;
+import org.hibernate.Session;
+import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
+import org.junit.AfterClass;
+import org.junit.BeforeClass;
+import org.junit.Rule;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.rules.ExpectedException;
+
+public class HibernateTransientObjectUnitTest {
+
+ private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
+
+ @Rule
+ public ExpectedException thrown = ExpectedException.none();
+
+ @BeforeClass
+ public static void init() {
+ sessionFactory = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();
+ }
+
+ @Test
+ public void whenSaveEntitiesWithOneToOneAssociation_thenSuccess() {
+ User user = new User("Bob", "Smith");
+ Address address = new Address("London", "221b Baker Street");
+ user.setAddress(address);
+ Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
+ session.beginTransaction();
+ session.save(user);
+ session.getTransaction().commit();
+ session.close();
+ }
+
+ @Test
+ public void whenSaveEntitiesWithOneToManyAssociation_thenSuccess() {
+ Department department = new Department();
+ department.setName("IT Support");
+ Employee employee = new Employee("John Doe");
+ employee.setDepartment(department);
+ Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
+ session.beginTransaction();
+ session.save(employee);
+ session.getTransaction().commit();
+ session.close();
+ }
+
+ @Test
+ public void whenSaveEntitiesWithManyToManyAssociation_thenSuccess_1() {
+ Book book = new Book("Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software");
+ book.addAuthor(new Author("Erich Gamma"));
+ book.addAuthor(new Author("John Vlissides"));
+ book.addAuthor(new Author("Richard Helm"));
+ book.addAuthor(new Author("Ralph Johnson"));
+ Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
+ session.beginTransaction();
+ session.save(book);
+ session.getTransaction().commit();
+ session.close();
+ }
+
+ @Test
+ public void whenSaveEntitiesWithManyToManyAssociation_thenSuccess_2() {
+ Author author = new Author("Erich Gamma");
+ author.addBook(new Book("Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software"));
+ author.addBook(new Book("Introduction to Object Orient Design in C"));
+ Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
+ session.beginTransaction();
+ session.save(author);
+ session.getTransaction().commit();
+ session.close();
+ }
+
+ @AfterClass
+ public static void cleanUp() {
+ sessionFactory.close();
+ }
+}