BAEL-4151: Guide to ByteBuffer (#11859)
* Convert Byte Array to its Numeric Representation * Remove Redundant Getter Method * BAEL-4286 How to get the value of a bit at a certain position from a byte * BAEL-4286(update): remove redundant test methods * BAEL-4151: Guide to ByteBuffer
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package com.baeldung.bytebuffer;
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import org.junit.Test;
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import java.lang.reflect.Field;
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import java.nio.*;
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import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
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import static org.junit.Assert.*;
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public class ByteBufferUnitTest {
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@Test
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public void givenBufferCreation_whenUsingAllocate_thenSuccess() {
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);
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assertNotNull(buffer);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenBufferCreation_whenUsingAllocateDirect_thenSuccess() {
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(10);
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assertNotNull(buffer);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenBufferCreation_whenUsingWrap_thenSuccess() {
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byte[] bytes = new byte[10];
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);
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assertNotNull(buffer);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenBufferIndex_whenUsingAllocate_thenInitialIndices() {
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// create instance using allocate
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);
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// get index
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int position = buffer.position();
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int limit = buffer.limit();
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int capacity = buffer.capacity();
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// assert
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assertEquals(0, position);
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assertEquals(10, limit);
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assertEquals(10, capacity);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenBufferIndex_whenChangingPositionAndLimit_thenSuccess() {
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// create instance
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);
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// change index
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buffer.position(2);
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buffer.limit(5);
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// assert
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 2, 5, 10);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenBufferIndex_whenUsingWrap_thenInitialIndices() {
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// create instance
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byte[] bytes = new byte[10];
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);
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// assert
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 0, 10, 10);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenBufferIndex_whenUsingWrapWithOffsetAndLength_thenInitialIndices() {
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// create instance
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byte[] bytes = new byte[10];
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes, 2, 6);
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// assert
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 2, 8, 10);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenBufferIndex_whenUsingMarkAndReset_thenOK() {
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 0, 10, 10);
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buffer.position(2);
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 2, 10, 10);
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buffer.mark();
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assertIndex(buffer, 2, 2, 10, 10);
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buffer.position(5);
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assertIndex(buffer, 2, 5, 10, 10);
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buffer.reset();
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assertIndex(buffer, 2, 2, 10, 10);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenBufferIndex_whenUsingClear_thenOK() {
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// create instance
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 0, 10, 10);
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// change index
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buffer.position(2);
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buffer.mark();
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buffer.position(5);
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buffer.limit(8);
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assertIndex(buffer, 2, 5, 8, 10);
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// clear
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buffer.clear();
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 0, 10, 10);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenBufferIndex_whenUsingFlip_thenOK() {
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// create instance
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 0, 10, 10);
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// change index
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buffer.position(2);
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buffer.mark();
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buffer.position(5);
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buffer.limit(8);
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assertIndex(buffer, 2, 5, 8, 10);
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// flip
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buffer.flip();
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 0, 5, 10);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenBufferIndex_whenUsingRewind_thenOK() {
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// create instance
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 0, 10, 10);
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// change index
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buffer.position(2);
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buffer.mark();
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buffer.position(5);
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buffer.limit(8);
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assertIndex(buffer, 2, 5, 8, 10);
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// rewind
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buffer.rewind();
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 0, 8, 10);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenBufferIndex_whenUsingCompact_thenOK() {
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// create instance
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 0, 10, 10);
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// change index
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buffer.position(2);
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buffer.mark();
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buffer.position(5);
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buffer.limit(8);
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assertIndex(buffer, 2, 5, 8, 10);
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// compact
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buffer.compact();
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 3, 10, 10);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenBufferIndex_whenUsingRemain_thenOK() {
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// create instance
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);
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// change index
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buffer.position(2);
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buffer.limit(8);
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// remain
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boolean flag = buffer.hasRemaining();
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int remaining = buffer.remaining();
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// assert
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assertTrue(flag);
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assertEquals(6, remaining);
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}
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@Test(expected = BufferUnderflowException.class)
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public void givenNotEnoughRemaining_WhenCallingGetInt_thenBufferUnderflowException() {
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(2);
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buffer.getInt();
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}
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@Test(expected = BufferOverflowException.class)
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public void givenNotEnoughRemaining_WhenCallingPutInt_thenBufferOverflowException() {
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(2);
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buffer.putInt(10);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenBufferView_whenUsingDuplicate_thenOK() {
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// create instance
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 0, 10, 10);
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// change index
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buffer.position(2);
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buffer.mark();
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buffer.position(5);
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buffer.limit(8);
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assertIndex(buffer, 2, 5, 8, 10);
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// view
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ByteBuffer view = buffer.duplicate();
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assertIndex(view, 2, 5, 8, 10);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenBufferView_whenUsingSlice_thenOK() {
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// create instance
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 0, 10, 10);
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// change index
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buffer.position(2);
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buffer.mark();
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buffer.position(5);
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buffer.limit(8);
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assertIndex(buffer, 2, 5, 8, 10);
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// view
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ByteBuffer view = buffer.slice();
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assertIndex(view, -1, 0, 3, 3);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenBufferView_whenUsingAsReaOnlyBuffer_thenOK() {
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// create instance
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(10);
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 0, 10, 10);
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// change index
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buffer.position(2);
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buffer.mark();
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buffer.position(5);
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buffer.limit(8);
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assertIndex(buffer, 2, 5, 8, 10);
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// view
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ByteBuffer view = buffer.asReadOnlyBuffer();
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assertIndex(view, 2, 5, 8, 10);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenBufferView_whenUsingAsIntBuffer_thenOK() {
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// create instance
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byte[] bytes = new byte[]{
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(byte) 0xCA, (byte) 0xFE, (byte) 0xBA, (byte) 0xBE, // CAFEBABE ---> cafebabe
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(byte) 0xF0, (byte) 0x07, (byte) 0xBA, (byte) 0x11, // F007BA11 ---> football
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(byte) 0x0F, (byte) 0xF1, (byte) 0xCE // 0FF1CE ---> office
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};
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);
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assertIndex(buffer, -1, 0, 11, 11);
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// view
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IntBuffer intBuffer = buffer.asIntBuffer();
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int capacity = intBuffer.capacity();
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assertEquals(2, capacity);
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assertIndex(intBuffer, -1, 0, 2, 2);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenByteOrder_whenUsingBigEndian_thenOK() {
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// create instance
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byte[] bytes = new byte[]{(byte) 0xCA, (byte) 0xFE, (byte) 0xBA, (byte) 0xBE};
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);
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// change byte order
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buffer.order(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
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int val = buffer.getInt();
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// assert
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assertEquals(0xCAFEBABE, val);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenByteOrder_whenUsingLittleEndian_thenOK() {
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// create instance
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byte[] bytes = new byte[]{(byte) 0xCA, (byte) 0xFE, (byte) 0xBA, (byte) 0xBE};
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ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes);
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// change byte order
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buffer.order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);
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int val = buffer.getInt();
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// assert
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assertEquals(0xBEBAFECA, val);
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}
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@Test
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public void givenComparing_whenUsingEqualsAndCompareTo_thenOK() {
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// create instance
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byte[] bytes1 = "World".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
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byte[] bytes2 = "HelloWorld".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
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ByteBuffer buffer1 = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes1);
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ByteBuffer buffer2 = ByteBuffer.wrap(bytes2);
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// change index
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buffer2.position(5);
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// equals and compareTo
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boolean equal = buffer1.equals(buffer2);
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int result = buffer1.compareTo(buffer2);
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// assert
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assertTrue(equal);
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assertEquals(0, result);
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}
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private void assertIndex(Buffer buffer, int mark, int position, int limit, int capacity) {
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assertEquals(mark, getMark(buffer));
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assertEquals(position, buffer.position());
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assertEquals(limit, buffer.limit());
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assertEquals(capacity, buffer.capacity());
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}
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private int getMark(Buffer buffer) {
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try {
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Class<?> clazz = Buffer.class;
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Field f = clazz.getDeclaredField("mark");
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f.setAccessible(true);
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Object result = f.get(buffer);
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return (int) result;
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} catch (NoSuchFieldException | IllegalAccessException e) {
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e.printStackTrace();
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}
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return -1;
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}
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}
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