Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master'

core-java/src/main/java/com/baeldung/java/reflection/Animal.java

@@ -18,10 +18,6 @@ public abstract class Animal implements Eating {
         this.name = name;
     }
 
-    public String makeSound() {
-        return getSound();
-    }
-
     protected abstract String getSound();
 
 }

core-java/src/test/java/com/baeldung/java/reflection/ReflectionTest.java

@@ -8,9 +8,7 @@ import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
-import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
-
-import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList;
 import static org.junit.Assert.*;
 
 public class ReflectionTest {
@@ -24,7 +22,6 @@ public class ReflectionTest {
 
         assertTrue(Arrays.asList("name", "age")
           .containsAll(actualFieldNames));
-
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -127,7 +124,7 @@ public class ReflectionTest {
 
         assertEquals(4, actualMethods.size());
         assertTrue(actualMethods.containsAll(Arrays.asList("getName",
-          "setName", "getSound", "makeSound")));
+          "setName", "getSound")));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -311,16 +308,19 @@ public class ReflectionTest {
 
     }
 
-    private static List<String> getMethodNames(Method[] methods) {
-        return Stream.of(methods)
-          .map((Method::getName))
-          .collect(toList());
-    }
-
 	private static List<String> getFieldNames(Field[] fields) {
-        return Stream.of(fields)
+		List<String> fieldNames = new ArrayList<>();
-          .map(Field::getName)
+		for (Field field : fields)
-          .collect(toList());
+			fieldNames.add(field.getName());
+		return fieldNames;
+
+	}
+
+	private static List<String> getMethodNames(Method[] methods) {
+		List<String> methodNames = new ArrayList<>();
+		for (Method method : methods)
+			methodNames.add(method.getName());
+		return methodNames;
 	}
 
 }

enterprise-patterns/front-controller-pattern/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+    <artifactId>front-controller-pattern</artifactId>
+    <packaging>war</packaging>
+
+    <parent>
+        <artifactId>enterprise-patterns-parent</artifactId>
+        <groupId>com.baeldung.enterprise.patterns</groupId>
+        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    </parent>
+
+    <dependencies>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
+            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
+            <version>3.1.0</version>
+            <scope>provided</scope>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <plugins>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+            </plugin>
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
+                <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>9.4.0.M1</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <webApp>
+                        <contextPath>/front-controller</contextPath>
+                    </webApp>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+        </plugins>
+    </build>
+</project>

enterprise-patterns/front-controller-pattern/src/main/java/com/baeldung/enterprise/patterns/front/controller/FrontControllerServlet.java

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+package com.baeldung.enterprise.patterns.front.controller;
+
+import com.baeldung.enterprise.patterns.front.controller.commands.FrontCommand;
+import com.baeldung.enterprise.patterns.front.controller.commands.UnknownCommand;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+public class FrontControllerServlet extends HttpServlet {
+    @Override
+    protected void doGet(
+      HttpServletRequest request,
+      HttpServletResponse response
+    ) throws ServletException, IOException {
+        FrontCommand command = getCommand(request);
+        command.init(getServletContext(), request, response);
+        command.process();
+    }
+
+    private FrontCommand getCommand(HttpServletRequest request) {
+        try {
+            return (FrontCommand) getCommandClass(request)
+              .asSubclass(FrontCommand.class)
+              .newInstance();
+        } catch (Exception e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Failed to get command!", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Class getCommandClass(HttpServletRequest request) {
+        try {
+            return Class.forName(
+              String.format(
+                "com.baeldung.enterprise.patterns.front.controller.commands.%sCommand",
+                request.getParameter("command")
+              )
+            );
+        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
+            return UnknownCommand.class;
+        }
+    }
+}

enterprise-patterns/front-controller-pattern/src/main/java/com/baeldung/enterprise/patterns/front/controller/commands/FrontCommand.java

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package com.baeldung.enterprise.patterns.front.controller.commands;
+
+import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
+import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
+import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+public abstract class FrontCommand {
+    protected ServletContext context;
+    protected HttpServletRequest request;
+    protected HttpServletResponse response;
+
+    public void init(
+      ServletContext servletContext,
+      HttpServletRequest servletRequest,
+      HttpServletResponse servletResponse
+    ) {
+        this.context = servletContext;
+        this.request = servletRequest;
+        this.response = servletResponse;
+    }
+
+    public abstract void process() throws ServletException, IOException;
+
+    protected void forward(String target) throws ServletException, IOException {
+        target = String.format("/WEB-INF/jsp/%s.jsp", target);
+        RequestDispatcher dispatcher = context.getRequestDispatcher(target);
+        dispatcher.forward(request, response);
+    }
+}

enterprise-patterns/front-controller-pattern/src/main/java/com/baeldung/enterprise/patterns/front/controller/commands/SearchCommand.java

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package com.baeldung.enterprise.patterns.front.controller.commands;
+
+import com.baeldung.enterprise.patterns.front.controller.data.Book;
+import com.baeldung.enterprise.patterns.front.controller.data.BookshelfImpl;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+public class SearchCommand extends FrontCommand {
+    @Override
+    public void process() throws ServletException, IOException {
+        Book book = new BookshelfImpl().getInstance()
+          .findByTitle(request.getParameter("title"));
+        if (book != null) {
+            request.setAttribute("book", book);
+            forward("book-found");
+        } else {
+            forward("book-notfound");
+        }
+    }
+}

enterprise-patterns/front-controller-pattern/src/main/java/com/baeldung/enterprise/patterns/front/controller/commands/UnknownCommand.java

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package com.baeldung.enterprise.patterns.front.controller.commands;
+
+import javax.servlet.ServletException;
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+public class UnknownCommand extends FrontCommand {
+    @Override
+    public void process() throws ServletException, IOException {
+        forward("unknown");
+    }
+}

enterprise-patterns/front-controller-pattern/src/main/java/com/baeldung/enterprise/patterns/front/controller/data/Book.java

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+package com.baeldung.enterprise.patterns.front.controller.data;
+
+public class Book {
+    private String author;
+    private String title;
+    private Double price;
+
+    public Book() {
+    }
+
+    public Book(String author, String title, Double price) {
+        this.author = author;
+        this.title = title;
+        this.price = price;
+    }
+
+    public String getAuthor() {
+        return author;
+    }
+
+    public void setAuthor(String author) {
+        this.author = author;
+    }
+
+    public String getTitle() {
+        return title;
+    }
+
+    public void setTitle(String title) {
+        this.title = title;
+    }
+
+    public Double getPrice() {
+        return price;
+    }
+
+    public void setPrice(Double price) {
+        this.price = price;
+    }
+}

enterprise-patterns/front-controller-pattern/src/main/java/com/baeldung/enterprise/patterns/front/controller/data/Bookshelf.java

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package com.baeldung.enterprise.patterns.front.controller.data;
+
+public interface Bookshelf {
+
+    default void init() {
+        add(new Book("Wilson, Robert Anton & Shea, Robert", "Illuminati", 9.99));
+        add(new Book("Fowler, Martin", "Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture", 27.88));
+    }
+
+    Bookshelf getInstance();
+
+    <E extends Book> boolean add(E book);
+
+    Book findByTitle(String title);
+}

enterprise-patterns/front-controller-pattern/src/main/java/com/baeldung/enterprise/patterns/front/controller/data/BookshelfImpl.java

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package com.baeldung.enterprise.patterns.front.controller.data;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+
+public class BookshelfImpl extends ArrayList<Book> implements Bookshelf {
+    private static Bookshelf INSTANCE;
+
+    @Override
+    public Bookshelf getInstance() {
+        if (INSTANCE == null) {
+            INSTANCE = new BookshelfImpl();
+            INSTANCE.init();
+        }
+        return INSTANCE;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Book findByTitle(String title) {
+        return this.stream()
+          .filter(book -> book.getTitle().toLowerCase().contains(title.toLowerCase()))
+          .findFirst()
+          .orElse(null);
+    }
+}

enterprise-patterns/front-controller-pattern/src/main/resources/front controller.puml

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+@startuml
+
+class Handler {
+doGet
+doPost
+}
+
+abstract class AbstractCommand {
+process
+}
+class ConcreteCommand1 {
+process
+}
+class ConcreteCommand2 {
+process
+}
+
+Handler .right.> AbstractCommand
+AbstractCommand <|-- ConcreteCommand1
+AbstractCommand <|-- ConcreteCommand2
+
+@enduml

enterprise-patterns/front-controller-pattern/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/jsp/book-found.jsp

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+    <head>
+        <title>Bookshelf: Title found</title>
+    </head>
+    <body>
+        <p>Our Bookshelf contains this title:</p>
+        <h2>${book.getTitle()}</h2>
+        <p>Author: ${book.getAuthor()}</p>
+        <input type="submit" value="Buy it: ${book.getPrice()}$">
+    </body>
+</html>

enterprise-patterns/front-controller-pattern/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/jsp/book-notfound.jsp

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+    <title>Bookshelf: Title not found</title>
+</head>
+    <body>
+        <p>Our Bookshelf doesn't contains this title:</p>
+        <h2>${param.get("title")}</h2>
+    </body>
+</html>

enterprise-patterns/front-controller-pattern/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/jsp/unknown.jsp

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+    <head>
+        <title>Bookshelf: Command unknown</title>
+    </head>
+    <body>
+        <p>Sorry, this command is not known!</p>
+    </body>
+</html>

enterprise-patterns/front-controller-pattern/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
+         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
+		   http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
+         version="3.1">
+    <servlet>
+        <servlet-name>front-controller</servlet-name>
+        <servlet-class>com.baeldung.enterprise.patterns.front.controller.FrontControllerServlet</servlet-class>
+    </servlet>
+    <servlet-mapping>
+        <servlet-name>front-controller</servlet-name>
+        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
+    </servlet-mapping>
+</web-app>

enterprise-patterns/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
+         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+
+    <groupId>com.baeldung.enterprise.patterns</groupId>
+    <artifactId>enterprise-patterns-parent</artifactId>
+    <packaging>pom</packaging>
+    <modules>
+        <module>front-controller-pattern</module>
+    </modules>
+
+    <parent>
+        <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+        <artifactId>parent-modules</artifactId>
+        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    </parent>
+
+    <build>
+        <pluginManagement>
+            <plugins>
+                <plugin>
+                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+                    <version>3.5.1</version>
+                    <configuration>
+                        <source>1.8</source>
+                        <target>1.8</target>
+                    </configuration>
+                </plugin>
+            </plugins>
+        </pluginManagement>
+    </build>
+</project>

pom.xml

@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
         <module>dozer</module>
         <module>dependency-injection</module>
         <module>deltaspike</module>
+
+        <module>enterprise-patterns</module>
         <!-- <module>gatling</module> --> <!-- not meant to run as part of the standard build -->
 
         <module>gson</module>

reflection/pom.xml

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
-	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
-	<groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
-	<artifactId>reflection</artifactId>
-	<version>1.0</version>
-	<name>reflection</name>
-   <build>
-    <plugins>
-      <plugin>
-        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
-        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
-        <version>3.3</version>
-        <configuration>
-          <source>8</source>
-          <target>8</target>
-        </configuration>
-      </plugin>
-    </plugins>
-  </build>
-	<dependencies>
-		<dependency>
-			<groupId>junit</groupId>
-			<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
-			<version>4.3</version>
-			<scope>test</scope>
-		</dependency>
-
-	</dependencies>
-</project>

reflection/src/main/java/com/baeldung/reflection/Animal.java

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-package com.baeldung.reflection;
-
-public abstract class Animal implements Eating {
-
-    public static final String CATEGORY = "domestic";
-
-    private String name;
-
-    public Animal(String name) {
-        this.name = name;
-    }
-
-    public String getName() {
-        return name;
-    }
-
-    public void setName(String name) {
-        this.name = name;
-    }
-
-    protected abstract String getSound();
-
-}

reflection/src/main/java/com/baeldung/reflection/Bird.java

@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-package com.baeldung.reflection;
-
-public class Bird extends Animal {
-    private boolean walks;
-
-    public Bird() {
-        super("bird");
-    }
-
-    public Bird(String name, boolean walks) {
-        super(name);
-        setWalks(walks);
-    }
-
-    public Bird(String name) {
-        super(name);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String eats() {
-        return "grains";
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    protected String getSound() {
-        return "chaps";
-    }
-
-    public boolean walks() {
-        return walks;
-    }
-
-    public void setWalks(boolean walks) {
-        this.walks = walks;
-    }
-}

reflection/src/main/java/com/baeldung/reflection/Eating.java

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-package com.baeldung.reflection;
-
-public interface Eating {
-    String eats();
-}

reflection/src/main/java/com/baeldung/reflection/Goat.java

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-package com.baeldung.reflection;
-
-public class Goat extends Animal implements Locomotion {
-
-    public Goat(String name) {
-        super(name);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    protected String getSound() {
-        return "bleat";
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String getLocomotion() {
-        return "walks";
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String eats() {
-        return "grass";
-    }
-
-}

reflection/src/main/java/com/baeldung/reflection/Locomotion.java

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-package com.baeldung.reflection;
-
-public interface Locomotion {
-    String getLocomotion();
-}

reflection/src/main/java/com/baeldung/reflection/Person.java

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-package com.baeldung.reflection;
-
-public class Person {
-    private String name;
-    private int age;
-}

reflection/src/test/java/com/baeldung/reflection/ReflectionTest.java

@@ -1,323 +0,0 @@
-package com.baeldung.reflection;
-
-import org.junit.Test;
-
-import java.lang.reflect.*;
-import java.util.Arrays;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.stream.Stream;
-
-import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList;
-import static org.junit.Assert.*;
-
-public class ReflectionTest {
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenObject_whenGetsFieldNamesAtRuntime_thenCorrect() {
-        Object person = new Person();
-        Field[] fields = person.getClass().getDeclaredFields();
-
-        List<String> actualFieldNames = getFieldNames(fields);
-
-        assertTrue(Arrays.asList("name", "age")
-          .containsAll(actualFieldNames));
-
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenObject_whenGetsClassName_thenCorrect() {
-        Object goat = new Goat("goat");
-        Class<?> clazz = goat.getClass();
-
-        assertEquals("Goat", clazz.getSimpleName());
-        assertEquals("com.baeldung.reflection.Goat", clazz.getName());
-        assertEquals("com.baeldung.reflection.Goat", clazz.getCanonicalName());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClassName_whenCreatesObject_thenCorrect()
-      throws ClassNotFoundException {
-        Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Goat");
-
-        assertEquals("Goat", clazz.getSimpleName());
-        assertEquals("com.baeldung.reflection.Goat", clazz.getName());
-        assertEquals("com.baeldung.reflection.Goat", clazz.getCanonicalName());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClass_whenRecognisesModifiers_thenCorrect()
-      throws ClassNotFoundException {
-        Class<?> goatClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Goat");
-        Class<?> animalClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Animal");
-        int goatMods = goatClass.getModifiers();
-        int animalMods = animalClass.getModifiers();
-
-        assertTrue(Modifier.isPublic(goatMods));
-        assertTrue(Modifier.isAbstract(animalMods));
-        assertTrue(Modifier.isPublic(animalMods));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClass_whenGetsPackageInfo_thenCorrect() {
-        Goat goat = new Goat("goat");
-        Class<?> goatClass = goat.getClass();
-        Package pkg = goatClass.getPackage();
-
-        assertEquals("com.baeldung.reflection", pkg.getName());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClass_whenGetsSuperClass_thenCorrect() {
-        Goat goat = new Goat("goat");
-        String str = "any string";
-
-        Class<?> goatClass = goat.getClass();
-        Class<?> goatSuperClass = goatClass.getSuperclass();
-
-        assertEquals("Animal", goatSuperClass.getSimpleName());
-        assertEquals("Object", str.getClass().getSuperclass().getSimpleName());
-
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClass_whenGetsImplementedInterfaces_thenCorrect()
-      throws ClassNotFoundException {
-        Class<?> goatClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Goat");
-        Class<?> animalClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Animal");
-        Class<?>[] goatInterfaces = goatClass.getInterfaces();
-        Class<?>[] animalInterfaces = animalClass.getInterfaces();
-
-        assertEquals(1, goatInterfaces.length);
-        assertEquals(1, animalInterfaces.length);
-        assertEquals("Locomotion", goatInterfaces[0].getSimpleName());
-        assertEquals("Eating", animalInterfaces[0].getSimpleName());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClass_whenGetsConstructor_thenCorrect()
-      throws ClassNotFoundException {
-        Class<?> goatClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Goat");
-        Constructor<?>[] constructors = goatClass.getConstructors();
-
-        assertEquals(1, constructors.length);
-        assertEquals("com.baeldung.reflection.Goat", constructors[0].getName());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClass_whenGetsFields_thenCorrect()
-      throws ClassNotFoundException {
-        Class<?> animalClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Animal");
-        Field[] fields = animalClass.getDeclaredFields();
-
-        List<String> actualFields = getFieldNames(fields);
-
-        assertEquals(2, actualFields.size());
-        assertTrue(actualFields.containsAll(Arrays.asList("name", "CATEGORY")));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClass_whenGetsMethods_thenCorrect()
-      throws ClassNotFoundException {
-        Class<?> animalClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Animal");
-        Method[] methods = animalClass.getDeclaredMethods();
-        List<String> actualMethods = getMethodNames(methods);
-
-        assertEquals(4, actualMethods.size());
-        assertTrue(actualMethods.containsAll(Arrays.asList("getName",
-          "setName", "getSound", "makeSound")));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClass_whenGetsAllConstructors_thenCorrect()
-      throws ClassNotFoundException {
-        Class<?> birdClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Bird");
-        Constructor<?>[] constructors = birdClass.getConstructors();
-
-        assertEquals(3, constructors.length);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClass_whenGetsEachConstructorByParamTypes_thenCorrect()
-      throws Exception {
-        Class<?> birdClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Bird");
-        Constructor<?> cons1 = birdClass.getConstructor();
-        Constructor<?> cons2 = birdClass.getConstructor(String.class);
-        Constructor<?> cons3 = birdClass.getConstructor(String.class,
-          boolean.class);
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClass_whenInstantiatesObjectsAtRuntime_thenCorrect()
-      throws Exception {
-        Class<?> birdClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Bird");
-
-        Constructor<?> cons1 = birdClass.getConstructor();
-        Constructor<?> cons2 = birdClass.getConstructor(String.class);
-        Constructor<?> cons3 = birdClass.getConstructor(String.class,
-          boolean.class);
-
-        Bird bird1 = (Bird) cons1.newInstance();
-        Bird bird2 = (Bird) cons2.newInstance("Weaver bird");
-        Bird bird3 = (Bird) cons3.newInstance("dove", true);
-
-        assertEquals("bird", bird1.getName());
-        assertEquals("Weaver bird", bird2.getName());
-        assertEquals("dove", bird3.getName());
-        assertFalse(bird1.walks());
-        assertTrue(bird3.walks());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClass_whenGetsPublicFields_thenCorrect()
-      throws ClassNotFoundException {
-        Class<?> birdClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Bird");
-        Field[] fields = birdClass.getFields();
-        assertEquals(1, fields.length);
-        assertEquals("CATEGORY", fields[0].getName());
-
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClass_whenGetsPublicFieldByName_thenCorrect()
-      throws Exception {
-        Class<?> birdClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Bird");
-        Field field = birdClass.getField("CATEGORY");
-        assertEquals("CATEGORY", field.getName());
-
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClass_whenGetsDeclaredFields_thenCorrect()
-      throws ClassNotFoundException {
-        Class<?> birdClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Bird");
-        Field[] fields = birdClass.getDeclaredFields();
-        assertEquals(1, fields.length);
-        assertEquals("walks", fields[0].getName());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClass_whenGetsFieldsByName_thenCorrect()
-      throws Exception {
-        Class<?> birdClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Bird");
-        Field field = birdClass.getDeclaredField("walks");
-        assertEquals("walks", field.getName());
-
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClassField_whenGetsType_thenCorrect()
-      throws Exception {
-        Field field = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Bird")
-          .getDeclaredField("walks");
-        Class<?> fieldClass = field.getType();
-        assertEquals("boolean", fieldClass.getSimpleName());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClassField_whenSetsAndGetsValue_thenCorrect()
-      throws Exception {
-        Class<?> birdClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Bird");
-        Bird bird = (Bird) birdClass.newInstance();
-        Field field = birdClass.getDeclaredField("walks");
-        field.setAccessible(true);
-
-        assertFalse(field.getBoolean(bird));
-        assertFalse(bird.walks());
-
-        field.set(bird, true);
-
-        assertTrue(field.getBoolean(bird));
-        assertTrue(bird.walks());
-
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClassField_whenGetsAndSetsWithNull_thenCorrect()
-      throws Exception {
-        Class<?> birdClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Bird");
-        Field field = birdClass.getField("CATEGORY");
-        field.setAccessible(true);
-
-        assertEquals("domestic", field.get(null));
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClass_whenGetsAllPublicMethods_thenCorrect()
-      throws ClassNotFoundException {
-        Class<?> birdClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Bird");
-        Method[] methods = birdClass.getMethods();
-        List<String> methodNames = getMethodNames(methods);
-
-        assertTrue(methodNames.containsAll(Arrays
-          .asList("equals", "notifyAll", "hashCode",
-            "walks", "eats", "toString")));
-
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenClass_whenGetsOnlyDeclaredMethods_thenCorrect()
-      throws ClassNotFoundException {
-        Class<?> birdClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Bird");
-        List<String> actualMethodNames = getMethodNames(birdClass.getDeclaredMethods());
-
-        List<String> expectedMethodNames = Arrays.asList("setWalks", "walks", "getSound", "eats");
-
-        assertEquals(expectedMethodNames.size(), actualMethodNames.size());
-        assertTrue(expectedMethodNames.containsAll(actualMethodNames));
-        assertTrue(actualMethodNames.containsAll(expectedMethodNames));
-
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenMethodName_whenGetsMethod_thenCorrect()
-      throws Exception {
-        Class<?> birdClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Bird");
-        Method walksMethod = birdClass.getDeclaredMethod("walks");
-        Method setWalksMethod = birdClass.getDeclaredMethod("setWalks",
-          boolean.class);
-
-        assertFalse(walksMethod.isAccessible());
-        assertFalse(setWalksMethod.isAccessible());
-
-        walksMethod.setAccessible(true);
-        setWalksMethod.setAccessible(true);
-
-        assertTrue(walksMethod.isAccessible());
-        assertTrue(setWalksMethod.isAccessible());
-
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    public void givenMethod_whenInvokes_thenCorrect()
-      throws Exception {
-        Class<?> birdClass = Class.forName("com.baeldung.reflection.Bird");
-        Bird bird = (Bird) birdClass.newInstance();
-        Method setWalksMethod = birdClass.getDeclaredMethod("setWalks",
-          boolean.class);
-        Method walksMethod = birdClass.getDeclaredMethod("walks");
-        boolean walks = (boolean) walksMethod.invoke(bird);
-
-        assertFalse(walks);
-        assertFalse(bird.walks());
-
-        setWalksMethod.invoke(bird, true);
-        boolean walks2 = (boolean) walksMethod.invoke(bird);
-
-        assertTrue(walks2);
-        assertTrue(bird.walks());
-
-    }
-
-    private static List<String> getMethodNames(Method[] methods) {
-        return Stream.of(methods)
-          .map((Method::getName))
-          .collect(toList());
-    }
-
-    private static List<String> getFieldNames(Field[] fields) {
-        return Stream.of(fields)
-          .map(Field::getName)
-          .collect(toList());
-    }
-
-}