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Merge pull request #16337 from yadavan88/complex-number-ops

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Complex number operations
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Dominique Plante 2024-04-14 10:56:44 -07:00 committed by GitHub
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57
core-java-modules/core-java-numbers-7/src/main/java/com/baeldung/complexnumbers/ComplexNumber.java Normal file
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package com.baeldung.complexnumbers;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public record ComplexNumber(double real, double imaginary) {
public static ComplexNumber fromString(String complexNumberStr) {
Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("(-?\\d*\\.?\\d+)?(?:([+-]?\\d*\\.?\\d+)i)?");
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(complexNumberStr.replaceAll("\\s", ""));
if (matcher.matches()) {
// Extract real and imaginary parts
String realPartStr = matcher.group(1);
String imaginaryPartStr = matcher.group(2);
// Parse real part (if present)
double real = (realPartStr != null) ? Double.parseDouble(realPartStr) : 0;
// Parse imaginary part (if present)
double imaginary = (imaginaryPartStr != null) ? Double.parseDouble(imaginaryPartStr) : 0;
return new ComplexNumber(real, imaginary);
} else {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid complex number format(" + complexNumberStr + "), supported format is `a+bi`");
}
}
public String toString() {
return real + "+" + imaginary + "i";
}
public ComplexNumber add(ComplexNumber that) {
return new ComplexNumber(real + that.real, imaginary + that.imaginary);
}
public ComplexNumber multiply(ComplexNumber that) {
double newReal = this.real * that.real - this.imaginary * that.imaginary;
double newImaginary = this.real * that.imaginary + this.imaginary * that.real;
return new ComplexNumber(newReal, newImaginary);
}
public ComplexNumber subtract(ComplexNumber that) {
return new ComplexNumber(real - that.real, imaginary - that.imaginary);
}
public ComplexNumber divide(ComplexNumber that) {
if(that.real == 0 && that.imaginary == 0 ){
throw new ArithmeticException("Division by 0 is not allowed!");
}
double c2d2 = Math.pow(that.real, 2) + Math.pow(that.imaginary, 2);
double newReal = (this.real * that.real + this.imaginary * that.imaginary) / c2d2;
double newImaginary = (this.imaginary * that.real - this.real * that.imaginary) / c2d2;
return new ComplexNumber(newReal, newImaginary);
}
}

103
core-java-modules/core-java-numbers-7/src/test/java/com/baeldung/complexnumbers/ComplexNumberOperationsUnitTest.java Normal file
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package com.baeldung.complexnumbers;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.CsvSource;
public class ComplexNumberOperationsUnitTest {
@ParameterizedTest(name = "Multiplying {0} and {1}")
@CsvSource({
"3+2i, 1+7i, -11+23i",
"2, 4, 8",
"2, 4i, 8i",
"1+1i, 1+1i, 0+2i",
" 3+2i, 1 + 7i, -11 + 23i ",
"0+5i, 3+0i, 0+15i",
"0+0i, -2+0i, 0+0i",
"-3+2i, 1-7i, 11+23i",
"2+4i, 0, 0"
})
public void givenTwoComplexNumbers_multiplyAndGetResult(String complexStr1, String complexStr2, String expectedStr) {
ComplexNumber complex1 = ComplexNumber.fromString(complexStr1);
ComplexNumber complex2 = ComplexNumber.fromString(complexStr2);
ComplexNumber expected = ComplexNumber.fromString(expectedStr);
ComplexNumber product = complex1.multiply(complex2);
Assertions.assertTrue(isSame(product, expected));
}
@ParameterizedTest(name = "Adding {0} and {1}")
@CsvSource({
"3+2i, 1+7i, 4+9i",
"2, 4, 6",
"2, 4i, 2+4i",
"1+1i, 1+1i, 2+2i",
" 3+2i, 1 + 7i, 4 + 9i ",
"0+5i, 3+0i, 3+5i",
"0+0i, -2+0i, -2+0i",
"-3+2i, 1-7i, -2-5i",
"2+4i, 0, 2+4i"
})
public void givenTwoComplexNumbers_addThemAndGetResult(String complexStr1, String complexStr2, String expectedStr) {
ComplexNumber complex1 = ComplexNumber.fromString(complexStr1);
ComplexNumber complex2 = ComplexNumber.fromString(complexStr2);
ComplexNumber expected = ComplexNumber.fromString(expectedStr);
ComplexNumber sum = complex1.add(complex2);
Assertions.assertTrue(isSame(sum, expected));
}
@ParameterizedTest(name = "Subtracting {0} and {1}")
@CsvSource({
"3+2i, 1+7i, 2-5i",
"2, 4, -2",
"2, 4i, 2-4i",
"1+1i, 1+1i, 0",
" 3+ 2i, 1+ 7i, 2-5i",
"0+5i, 3+0i, -3+5i",
"0+0i, -2+0i, 2+0i",
"-3+2i, 1-7i, -4+9i",
"2+4i, 0, 2+4i"
})
public void givenTwoComplexNumbers_subtractAndGetResult(String complexStr1, String complexStr2, String expectedStr) {
ComplexNumber complex1 = ComplexNumber.fromString(complexStr1);
ComplexNumber complex2 = ComplexNumber.fromString(complexStr2);
ComplexNumber expected = ComplexNumber.fromString(expectedStr);
ComplexNumber sum = complex1.subtract(complex2);
Assertions.assertTrue(isSame(sum, expected));
}
@ParameterizedTest(name = "Dividing {0} and {1}")
@CsvSource({
"3+2i, 1+7i, 0.34-0.38i",
"2, 4, 0.5",
"2, 4i, 0-0.5i",
"1+1i, 1+1i, 1",
"3 + 2i, 1 + 7i, 0.34-0.38i",
"0+5i, 3+0i, 0+1.6666666666666667i",
"0+0i, -2+0i, 0+0i",
"-3+2i, 1-7i, -0.34-0.38i",
"2+4i, 1, 2+4i"
})
public void givenTwoComplexNumbers_divideThemAndGetResult(String complexStr1, String complexStr2, String expectedStr) {
ComplexNumber complex1 = ComplexNumber.fromString(complexStr1);
ComplexNumber complex2 = ComplexNumber.fromString(complexStr2);
ComplexNumber expected = ComplexNumber.fromString(expectedStr);
ComplexNumber sum = complex1.divide(complex2);
Assertions.assertTrue(isSame(sum, expected));
}
@Test
public void givenAComplexNumberAsZero_handleDivideByZeroScenario() {
ComplexNumber complex1 = new ComplexNumber(1, 1);
ComplexNumber zero = new ComplexNumber(0, 0);
Exception exception = Assertions.assertThrows(ArithmeticException.class, () -> {
complex1.divide(zero);
});
Assertions.assertEquals(exception.getMessage(), "Division by 0 is not allowed!");
}
public boolean isSame(ComplexNumber result, ComplexNumber expected) {
return result.real() == expected.real() && result.imaginary() == expected.imaginary();
}
}