Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master'

algorithms/README.md

@@ -15,3 +15,4 @@
 - [Introduction to JGraphT](http://www.baeldung.com/jgrapht)
 - [Introduction to Minimax Algorithm](http://www.baeldung.com/java-minimax-algorithm)
 - [How to Calculate Levenshtein Distance in Java?](http://www.baeldung.com/java-levenshtein-distance)
+- [How to Find the Kth Largest Element in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-kth-largest-element)

algorithms/pom.xml

@@ -39,6 +39,12 @@
             <artifactId>jgrapht-core</artifactId>
             <version>1.0.1</version>
         </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
+            <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
+            <version>3.9.0</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
     </dependencies>
 
     <build>

algorithms/src/main/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/kthlargest/FindKthLargest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+package com.baeldung.algorithms.kthlargest;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+
+public class FindKthLargest {
+
+    public int findKthLargestBySorting(Integer[] arr, int k) {
+        Arrays.sort(arr);
+        int targetIndex = arr.length - k;
+        return arr[targetIndex];
+    }
+
+    public int findKthLargestBySortingDesc(Integer[] arr, int k) {
+        Arrays.sort(arr, Collections.reverseOrder());
+        return arr[k - 1];
+    }
+
+    public int findKthElementByQuickSelect(Integer[] arr, int left, int right, int k) {
+        if (k >= 0 && k <= right - left + 1) {
+            int pos = partition(arr, left, right);
+            if (pos - left == k) {
+                return arr[pos];
+            }
+            if (pos - left > k) {
+                return findKthElementByQuickSelect(arr, left, pos - 1, k);
+            }
+            return findKthElementByQuickSelect(arr, pos + 1, right, k - pos + left - 1);
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    public int findKthElementByQuickSelectWithIterativePartition(Integer[] arr, int left, int right, int k) {
+        if (k >= 0 && k <= right - left + 1) {
+            int pos = partitionIterative(arr, left, right);
+            if (pos - left == k) {
+                return arr[pos];
+            }
+            if (pos - left > k) {
+                return findKthElementByQuickSelectWithIterativePartition(arr, left, pos - 1, k);
+            }
+            return findKthElementByQuickSelectWithIterativePartition(arr, pos + 1, right, k - pos + left - 1);
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    private int partition(Integer[] arr, int left, int right) {
+        int pivot = arr[right];
+        Integer[] leftArr;
+        Integer[] rightArr;
+
+        leftArr = IntStream.range(left, right)
+            .filter(i -> arr[i] < pivot)
+            .map(i -> arr[i])
+            .boxed()
+            .toArray(Integer[]::new);
+
+        rightArr = IntStream.range(left, right)
+            .filter(i -> arr[i] > pivot)
+            .map(i -> arr[i])
+            .boxed()
+            .toArray(Integer[]::new);
+
+        int leftArraySize = leftArr.length;
+        System.arraycopy(leftArr, 0, arr, left, leftArraySize);
+        arr[leftArraySize + left] = pivot;
+        System.arraycopy(rightArr, 0, arr, left + leftArraySize + 1, rightArr.length);
+
+        return left + leftArraySize;
+    }
+
+    private int partitionIterative(Integer[] arr, int left, int right) {
+        int pivot = arr[right], i = left;
+        for (int j = left; j <= right - 1; j++) {
+            if (arr[j] <= pivot) {
+                swap(arr, i, j);
+                i++;
+            }
+        }
+        swap(arr, i, right);
+        return i;
+    }
+
+    public int findKthElementByRandomizedQuickSelect(Integer[] arr, int left, int right, int k) {
+        if (k >= 0 && k <= right - left + 1) {
+            int pos = randomPartition(arr, left, right);
+            if (pos - left == k) {
+                return arr[pos];
+            }
+            if (pos - left > k) {
+                return findKthElementByRandomizedQuickSelect(arr, left, pos - 1, k);
+            }
+            return findKthElementByRandomizedQuickSelect(arr, pos + 1, right, k - pos + left - 1);
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    private int randomPartition(Integer arr[], int left, int right) {
+        int n = right - left + 1;
+        int pivot = (int) (Math.random()) % n;
+        swap(arr, left + pivot, right);
+        return partition(arr, left, right);
+    }
+
+    private void swap(Integer[] arr, int n1, int n2) {
+        int temp = arr[n2];
+        arr[n2] = arr[n1];
+        arr[n1] = temp;
+    }
+}

algorithms/src/test/java/com/baeldung/algorithms/kthlargest/FindKthLargestUnitTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+package com.baeldung.algorithms.kthlargest;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.*;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+public class FindKthLargestUnitTest {
+
+    private FindKthLargest findKthLargest;
+    private Integer[] arr = { 3, 7, 1, 2, 8, 10, 4, 5, 6, 9 };
+
+    @Before
+    public void setup() {
+        findKthLargest = new FindKthLargest();
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenIntArray_whenFindKthLargestBySorting_thenGetResult() {
+        int k = 3;
+        assertThat(findKthLargest.findKthLargestBySorting(arr, k)).isEqualTo(8);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenIntArray_whenFindKthLargestBySortingDesc_thenGetResult() {
+        int k = 3;
+        assertThat(findKthLargest.findKthLargestBySortingDesc(arr, k)).isEqualTo(8);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenIntArray_whenFindKthLargestByQuickSelect_thenGetResult() {
+        int k = 3;
+        int kthLargest = arr.length - k;
+        assertThat(findKthLargest.findKthElementByQuickSelect(arr, 0, arr.length - 1, kthLargest)).isEqualTo(8);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenIntArray_whenFindKthElementByQuickSelectIterative_thenGetResult() {
+        int k = 3;
+        int kthLargest = arr.length - k;
+        assertThat(findKthLargest.findKthElementByQuickSelectWithIterativePartition(arr, 0, arr.length - 1, kthLargest)).isEqualTo(8);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenIntArray_whenFindKthSmallestByQuickSelect_thenGetResult() {
+        int k = 3;
+        assertThat(findKthLargest.findKthElementByQuickSelect(arr, 0, arr.length - 1, k - 1)).isEqualTo(3);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void givenIntArray_whenFindKthLargestByRandomizedQuickSelect_thenGetResult() {
+        int k = 3;
+        int kthLargest = arr.length - k;
+        assertThat(findKthLargest.findKthElementByRandomizedQuickSelect(arr, 0, arr.length - 1, kthLargest)).isEqualTo(8);
+    }
+
+}

core-java-8/README.md

@@ -34,3 +34,6 @@
 - [Copy a File with Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-copy-file)
 - [Generating Prime Numbers in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-generate-prime-numbers)
 - [Static and Default Methods in Interfaces in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-static-default-methods)
+- [Iterable to Stream in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-iterable-to-stream)
+- [Converting String to Stream of chars](http://www.baeldung.com/java-string-to-stream)
+- [How to Iterate Over a Stream With Indices](http://www.baeldung.com/java-stream-indices)

core-java-8/pom.xml

@@ -101,6 +101,23 @@
 		    <version>1.19</version>
 		</dependency>
 
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.codepoetics</groupId>
+            <artifactId>protonpack</artifactId>
+            <version>${protonpack.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        
+       <dependency>
+            <groupId>io.vavr</groupId>
+            <artifactId>vavr</artifactId>
+            <version>${vavr.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>one.util</groupId>
+            <artifactId>streamex</artifactId>
+            <version>${streamex.version}</version>
+        </dependency>        
     </dependencies>
 
     <build>
@@ -267,6 +284,9 @@
         <collections-generic.version>4.01</collections-generic.version>
         <commons-codec.version>1.10</commons-codec.version>
         <lombok.version>1.16.12</lombok.version>
+        <vavr.version>0.9.0</vavr.version>
+        <protonpack.version>1.13</protonpack.version>
+        <streamex.version>0.6.5</streamex.version>
 
         <!-- testing -->
         <assertj.version>3.6.1</assertj.version>

core-java-8/src/main/java/com/baeldung/spliteratorAPI/Article.java

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package com.baeldung.spliteratorAPI;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class Article {
+    private List<Author> listOfAuthors;
+    private int id;
+    private String name;
+
+    public Article(String name) {
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+
+    public Article(List<Author> listOfAuthors, int id) {
+        super();
+        this.listOfAuthors = listOfAuthors;
+        this.id = id;
+    }
+
+    public String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    public void setName(String name) {
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+
+    public int getId() {
+        return id;
+    }
+
+    public void setId(int id) {
+        this.id = id;
+    }
+
+    public List<Author> getListOfAuthors() {
+        return listOfAuthors;
+    }
+
+    public void setListOfAuthors(List<Author> listOfAuthors) {
+        this.listOfAuthors = listOfAuthors;
+    }
+
+}

core-java-8/src/main/java/com/baeldung/spliteratorAPI/Author.java

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package com.baeldung.spliteratorAPI;
+
+public class Author {
+    private String name;
+    private int relatedArticleId;
+
+    public Author(String name, int relatedArticleId) {
+        this.name = name;
+        this.relatedArticleId = relatedArticleId;
+    }
+
+    public int getRelatedArticleId() {
+        return relatedArticleId;
+    }
+
+    public void setRelatedArticleId(int relatedArticleId) {
+        this.relatedArticleId = relatedArticleId;
+    }
+
+    public String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    public void setName(String name) {
+        this.name = name;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "[name: " + name + ", relatedId: " + relatedArticleId + "]";
+    }
+}
+

core-java-8/src/main/java/com/baeldung/spliteratorAPI/Executor.java

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+package com.baeldung.spliteratorAPI;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Spliterator;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import java.util.stream.StreamSupport;
+
+public class Executor {
+	public void executeCustomSpliterator() {
+        Article article = new Article(Arrays.asList(new Author("Ahmad", 0), new Author("Eugen", 0), new Author("Alice", 1), new Author("Alice", 1), new Author("Mike", 0), new Author("Alice", 1), new Author("Mike", 0), new Author("Alice", 1),
+            new Author("Mike", 0), new Author("Alice", 1), new Author("Mike", 0), new Author("Mike", 0), new Author("Alice", 1), new Author("Mike", 0), new Author("Alice", 1), new Author("Mike", 0), new Author("Alice", 1), new Author("Mike", 0),
+            new Author("Alice", 1), new Author("Mike", 0), new Author("Michał", 0), new Author("Loredana", 1)), 0);
+        Stream<Author> stream = IntStream.range(0, article.getListOfAuthors()
+            .size())
+            .mapToObj(article.getListOfAuthors()::get);
+        System.out.println("count= " + countAutors(stream.parallel()));
+        Spliterator<Author> spliterator = new RelatedAuthorSpliterator(article.getListOfAuthors());
+        Stream<Author> stream2 = StreamSupport.stream(spliterator, true);
+        System.out.println("count= " + countAutors(stream2.parallel()));
+    }
+
+    public void executeSpliterator() {
+        Spliterator<Article> split1 = generateElements().spliterator();
+        Spliterator<Article> split2 = split1.trySplit();
+        ExecutorService service = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
+        service.execute(new Task(split1));
+        service.execute(new Task(split2));
+    }
+
+    private static int countAutors(Stream<Author> stream) {
+        RelatedAuthorCounter wordCounter = stream.reduce(new RelatedAuthorCounter(0, true), RelatedAuthorCounter::accumulate, RelatedAuthorCounter::combine);
+        return wordCounter.getCounter();
+    }
+
+    private List<Article> generateElements() {
+        return Stream.generate(() -> new Article("Java"))
+            .limit(35000)
+            .collect(Collectors.toList());
+    }
+}

core-java-8/src/main/java/com/baeldung/spliteratorAPI/RelatedAuthorCounter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package com.baeldung.spliteratorAPI;
+
+public class RelatedAuthorCounter {
+    private final int counter;
+    private final boolean isRelated;
+
+    public RelatedAuthorCounter(int counter, boolean isRelated) {
+        this.counter = counter;
+        this.isRelated = isRelated;
+    }
+
+    public RelatedAuthorCounter accumulate(Author author) {
+        if (author.getRelatedArticleId() == 0) {
+            return isRelated ? this : new RelatedAuthorCounter(counter, true);
+        } else {
+            return isRelated ? new RelatedAuthorCounter(counter + 1, false) : this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public RelatedAuthorCounter combine(RelatedAuthorCounter RelatedAuthorCounter) {
+        return new RelatedAuthorCounter(counter + RelatedAuthorCounter.counter, RelatedAuthorCounter.isRelated);
+    }
+
+    public int getCounter() {
+        return counter;
+    }
+}

core-java-8/src/main/java/com/baeldung/spliteratorAPI/RelatedAuthorSpliterator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+package com.baeldung.spliteratorAPI;
+
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Spliterator;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+
+public class RelatedAuthorSpliterator implements Spliterator<Author> {
+    private final List<Author> list;
+    private int current = 0;
+
+    public RelatedAuthorSpliterator(List<Author> list) {
+        this.list = list;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean tryAdvance(Consumer<? super Author> action) {
+        action.accept(list.get(current++));
+        return current < list.size();
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public Spliterator<Author> trySplit() {
+        int currentSize = list.size() - current;
+        if (currentSize < 10) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        for (int splitPos = currentSize / 2 + current; splitPos < list.size(); splitPos++) {
+            if (list.get(splitPos)
+                .getRelatedArticleId() == 0) {
+                Spliterator<Author> spliterator = new RelatedAuthorSpliterator(list.subList(current, splitPos));
+                current = splitPos;
+                return spliterator;
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public long estimateSize() {
+        return list.size() - current;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int characteristics() {
+        return SIZED + CONCURRENT;
+    }
+}

core-java-8/src/main/java/com/baeldung/spliteratorAPI/Task.java

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package com.baeldung.spliteratorAPI;
+
+import java.util.Spliterator;
+
+public class Task implements Runnable {
+    private Spliterator<Article> spliterator;
+    private final static String SUFFIX = "- published by Baeldung";
+
+    public Task(Spliterator<Article> spliterator) {
+        this.spliterator = spliterator;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void run() {
+        int current = 0;
+        while (spliterator.tryAdvance(article -> {
+            article.setName(article.getName()
+                .concat(SUFFIX));
+        })) {
+            current++;
+        }
+        ;
+        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread()
+            .getName() + ":" + current);
+    }
+}

core-java-concurrency/src/main/java/com/baeldung/concurrent/stopping/ControlSubThread.java

@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ public class ControlSubThread implements Runnable {
             try {
                 Thread.sleep(interval);
             } catch (InterruptedException e) {
-                // no-op, just loop again
+            	Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+                System.out.println("Thread was interrupted, Failed to complete operation");
 	    }
             // do something
         }

core-java-concurrency/src/test/java/com/baeldung/concurrent/stopping/StopThreadTest.java

@@ -1,20 +1,21 @@
 package com.baeldung.concurrent.stopping;
 
-import com.jayway.awaitility.Awaitility;
-import org.junit.Test;
-
-import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
-
 import static com.jayway.awaitility.Awaitility.await;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+
+import com.jayway.awaitility.Awaitility;
+
 public class StopThreadTest {
 
     @Test
     public void whenStoppedThreadIsStopped() throws InterruptedException {
 
-        int interval = 100;
+        int interval = 5;
 
         ControlSubThread controlSubThread = new ControlSubThread(interval);
         controlSubThread.start();
@@ -33,13 +34,13 @@ public class StopThreadTest {
     @Test
     public void whenInterruptedThreadIsStopped() throws InterruptedException {
 
-        int interval = 5000;
+        int interval = 50;
 
         ControlSubThread controlSubThread = new ControlSubThread(interval);
         controlSubThread.start();
 
         // Give things a chance to get set up
-        Thread.sleep(100);
+        Thread.sleep(interval);
         assertTrue(controlSubThread.isRunning());
         assertFalse(controlSubThread.isStopped());
 
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ public class StopThreadTest {
 
         // Wait less than the time we would normally sleep, and make sure we exited.
         Awaitility.await()
+            .pollDelay(2, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
           .atMost(interval/ 10, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS)
           .until(controlSubThread::isStopped);
     }

core-java-io/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+*.class
+
+0.*
+
+#folders#
+/target
+/neoDb*
+/data
+/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/classes
+*/META-INF/*
+.resourceCache
+
+# Packaged files #
+*.jar
+*.war
+*.ear
+
+# Files generated by integration tests
+*.txt
+backup-pom.xml
+/bin/
+/temp
+
+#IntelliJ specific
+.idea/
+*.iml

core-java-io/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+=========
+
+## Core Java IO Cookbooks and Examples
+
+### Relevant Articles: 
+- [Java - Reading a Large File Efficiently](http://www.baeldung.com/java-read-lines-large-file)
+- [Java InputStream to String](http://www.baeldung.com/convert-input-stream-to-string)
+- [Java – Write to File](http://www.baeldung.com/java-write-to-file)
+- [Java - Convert File to InputStream](http://www.baeldung.com/convert-file-to-input-stream)
+- [Java Scanner](http://www.baeldung.com/java-scanner)
+- [Java – Byte Array to Writer](http://www.baeldung.com/java-convert-byte-array-to-writer)
+- [Java – Directory Size](http://www.baeldung.com/java-folder-size)
+- [Differences Between the Java WatchService API and the Apache Commons IO Monitor Library](http://www.baeldung.com/java-watchservice-vs-apache-commons-io-monitor-library)
+- [Calculate the Size of a File in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-file-size)
+- [Comparing getPath(), getAbsolutePath(), and getCanonicalPath() in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-path)
+- [Using Java MappedByteBuffer](http://www.baeldung.com/java-mapped-byte-buffer)
+- [Copy a File with Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-copy-file)
+- [Java – Append Data to a File](http://www.baeldung.com/java-append-to-file)
+- [FileNotFoundException in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-filenotfound-exception)
+- [How to Read a File in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/reading-file-in-java)
+- [A Guide To NIO2 Asynchronous File Channel](http://www.baeldung.com/java-nio2-async-file-channel)
+- [A Guide To NIO2 FileVisitor](http://www.baeldung.com/java-nio2-file-visitor)
+- [A Guide To NIO2 File Attribute APIs](http://www.baeldung.com/java-nio2-file-attribute)
+- [Introduction to the Java NIO2 File API](http://www.baeldung.com/java-nio-2-file-api)
+- [Zipping and Unzipping in Java](http://www.baeldung.com/java-compress-and-uncompress)

core-java-io/pom.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,505 @@
+<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
+    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
+    <groupId>com.baeldung</groupId>
+    <artifactId>core-java-io</artifactId>
+    <version>0.1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+    <packaging>jar</packaging>
+
+    <name>core-java-io</name>
+
+    <dependencies>
+
+        <!-- utils -->
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>net.sourceforge.collections</groupId>
+            <artifactId>collections-generic</artifactId>
+            <version>${collections-generic.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
+            <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
+            <version>${guava.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+            <artifactId>commons-collections4</artifactId>
+            <version>${commons-collections4.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
+            <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
+            <version>${commons-io.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
+            <version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
+            <artifactId>commons-math3</artifactId>
+            <version>${commons-math3.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.decimal4j</groupId>
+            <artifactId>decimal4j</artifactId>
+            <version>${decimal4j.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.bouncycastle</groupId>
+            <artifactId>bcprov-jdk15on</artifactId>
+            <version>${bouncycastle.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.unix4j</groupId>
+            <artifactId>unix4j-command</artifactId>
+            <version>${unix4j.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.googlecode.grep4j</groupId>
+            <artifactId>grep4j</artifactId>
+            <version>${grep4j.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <!-- web -->
+
+        <!-- marshalling -->
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
+            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
+            <version>${jackson.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <!-- logging -->
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
+            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
+            <version>1.2.17</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
+            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
+            <version>${org.slf4j.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
+            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
+            <version>${logback.version}</version>
+            <!-- <scope>runtime</scope> -->
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
+            <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
+            <version>${org.slf4j.version}</version>
+            <!-- <scope>runtime</scope> --> <!-- some spring dependencies need to compile against jcl -->
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency> <!-- needed to bridge to slf4j for projects that use the log4j APIs directly -->
+            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
+            <artifactId>log4j-over-slf4j</artifactId>
+            <version>${org.slf4j.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
+            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
+            <version>${lombok.version}</version>
+            <scope>provided</scope>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <!-- test scoped -->
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
+            <artifactId>hamcrest-all</artifactId>
+            <version>1.3</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>junit</groupId>
+            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
+            <version>${junit.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
+            <artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
+            <version>${org.hamcrest.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
+            <artifactId>hamcrest-library</artifactId>
+            <version>${org.hamcrest.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
+            <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
+            <version>${assertj.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
+            <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
+            <version>${mockito.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.jayway.awaitility</groupId>
+            <artifactId>awaitility</artifactId>
+            <version>${avaitility.version}</version>
+            <scope>test</scope>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
+            <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
+            <version>${commons-codec.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.javamoney</groupId>
+            <artifactId>moneta</artifactId>
+            <version>1.1</version>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.owasp.esapi</groupId>
+            <artifactId>esapi</artifactId>
+            <version>2.1.0.1</version>
+        </dependency>
+
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.sun.messaging.mq</groupId>
+            <artifactId>fscontext</artifactId>
+            <version>${fscontext.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>com.codepoetics</groupId>
+            <artifactId>protonpack</artifactId>
+            <version>${protonpack.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>one.util</groupId>
+            <artifactId>streamex</artifactId>
+            <version>${streamex.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>io.vavr</groupId>
+            <artifactId>vavr</artifactId>
+            <version>${vavr.version}</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
+            <artifactId>jmh-core</artifactId>
+            <version>1.19</version>
+        </dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
+            <artifactId>jmh-generator-annprocess</artifactId>
+            <version>1.19</version>
+        </dependency>
+		<dependency>
+		    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
+		    <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
+		    <version>4.3.4.RELEASE</version>
+		</dependency>
+ 		<dependency>
+			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
+			<version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>
+		</dependency>
+        <dependency>
+            <groupId>org.hsqldb</groupId>
+            <artifactId>hsqldb</artifactId>
+            <version>2.4.0</version>
+            <scope>runtime</scope>
+        </dependency>
+    </dependencies>
+
+    <build>
+        <finalName>core-java-io</finalName>
+        <resources>
+            <resource>
+                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
+                <filtering>true</filtering>
+            </resource>
+        </resources>
+
+        <plugins>
+
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>${maven-compiler-plugin.version}</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <source>1.8</source>
+                    <target>1.8</target>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
+                <configuration>
+                    <excludes>
+                        <exclude>**/*LiveTest.java</exclude>
+                        <exclude>**/*IntegrationTest.java</exclude>
+                        <exclude>**/*LongRunningUnitTest.java</exclude>
+                        <exclude>**/*ManualTest.java</exclude>
+                    </excludes>
+                    <testFailureIgnore>true</testFailureIgnore>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <id>copy-dependencies</id>
+                        <phase>prepare-package</phase>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                        <configuration>
+                            <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/libs</outputDirectory>
+                        </configuration>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+            </plugin>
+
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
+                <configuration>
+                    <archive>
+                        <manifest>
+                            <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
+                            <classpathPrefix>libs/</classpathPrefix>
+                            <mainClass>org.baeldung.executable.ExecutableMavenJar</mainClass>
+                        </manifest>
+                    </archive>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <phase>package</phase>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>single</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                        <configuration>
+                            <archiveBaseDirectory>${project.basedir}</archiveBaseDirectory>
+                            <archive>
+                                <manifest>
+                                    <mainClass>org.baeldung.executable.ExecutableMavenJar</mainClass>
+                                </manifest>
+                            </archive>
+                            <descriptorRefs>
+                                <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
+                            </descriptorRefs>
+                        </configuration>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+            </plugin>
+
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>shade</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                        <configuration>
+                            <shadedArtifactAttached>true</shadedArtifactAttached>
+                            <transformers>
+                                <transformer
+                                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
+                                    <mainClass>org.baeldung.executable.ExecutableMavenJar</mainClass>
+                                </transformer>
+                            </transformers>
+                        </configuration>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+            </plugin>
+
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>com.jolira</groupId>
+                <artifactId>onejar-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <configuration>
+                            <mainClass>org.baeldung.executable.ExecutableMavenJar</mainClass>
+                            <attachToBuild>true</attachToBuild>
+                            <filename>${project.build.finalName}-onejar.${project.packaging}</filename>
+                        </configuration>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>one-jar</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+            </plugin>
+
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
+                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                <executions>
+                    <execution>
+                        <goals>
+                            <goal>repackage</goal>
+                        </goals>
+                        <configuration>
+                            <classifier>spring-boot</classifier>
+                            <mainClass>org.baeldung.executable.ExecutableMavenJar</mainClass>
+                        </configuration>
+                    </execution>
+                </executions>
+            </plugin>
+
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
+                <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>1.6.0</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <executable>java</executable>
+                    <mainClass>com.baeldung.outofmemoryerror.OutOfMemoryGCLimitExceed</mainClass>
+                    <arguments>
+                        <argument>-Xmx300m</argument>
+                        <argument>-XX:+UseParallelGC</argument>
+                        <argument>-classpath</argument>
+                        <classpath/>
+                        <argument>com.baeldung.outofmemoryerror.OutOfMemoryGCLimitExceed</argument>
+                    </arguments>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+            
+            <plugin>
+                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
+                <version>3.0.0-M1</version>
+                <configuration>
+                    <source>1.8</source>
+	                <target>1.8</target>
+                </configuration>
+            </plugin>
+
+
+        </plugins>
+
+    </build>
+
+    <profiles>
+        <profile>
+            <id>integration</id>
+            <build>
+                <plugins>
+                    <plugin>
+                        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
+                        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
+                        <executions>
+                            <execution>
+                                <phase>integration-test</phase>
+                                <goals>
+                                    <goal>test</goal>
+                                </goals>
+                                <configuration>
+                                    <excludes>
+                                        <exclude>**/*ManualTest.java</exclude>
+                                    </excludes>
+                                    <includes>
+                                        <include>**/*IntegrationTest.java</include>
+                                    </includes>
+                                </configuration>
+                            </execution>
+                        </executions>
+                        <configuration>
+                            <systemPropertyVariables>
+                                <test.mime>json</test.mime>
+                            </systemPropertyVariables>
+                        </configuration>
+                    </plugin>
+                    <plugin>
+                        <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
+                        <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
+
+                        <executions>
+                            <execution>
+                                <id>run-benchmarks</id>
+                            <!--    <phase>integration-test</phase>-->
+                                <phase>none</phase>
+                                <goals>
+                                    <goal>exec</goal>
+                                </goals>
+                                <configuration>
+                                    <classpathScope>test</classpathScope>
+                                    <executable>java</executable>
+                                    <arguments>
+                                        <argument>-classpath</argument>
+                                        <classpath/>
+                                        <argument>org.openjdk.jmh.Main</argument>
+                                        <argument>.*</argument>
+                                    </arguments>
+                                </configuration>
+                            </execution>
+                        </executions>
+                    </plugin>
+                </plugins>
+            </build>
+        </profile>
+    </profiles>
+
+    <properties>
+        <!-- marshalling -->
+        <jackson.version>2.8.5</jackson.version>
+
+        <!-- logging -->
+        <org.slf4j.version>1.7.21</org.slf4j.version>
+        <logback.version>1.1.7</logback.version>
+
+        <!-- util -->
+        <guava.version>22.0</guava.version>
+        <commons-lang3.version>3.5</commons-lang3.version>
+        <bouncycastle.version>1.55</bouncycastle.version>
+        <commons-codec.version>1.10</commons-codec.version>
+        <commons-math3.version>3.6.1</commons-math3.version>
+        <decimal4j.version>1.0.3</decimal4j.version>
+        <commons-io.version>2.5</commons-io.version>
+        <commons-collections4.version>4.1</commons-collections4.version>
+        <collections-generic.version>4.01</collections-generic.version>
+        <unix4j.version>0.4</unix4j.version>
+        <grep4j.version>1.8.7</grep4j.version>
+        <lombok.version>1.16.12</lombok.version>
+        <fscontext.version>4.6-b01</fscontext.version>
+        <protonpack.version>1.13</protonpack.version>
+        <streamex.version>0.6.5</streamex.version>
+        <vavr.version>0.9.0</vavr.version>
+        
+        <!-- testing -->
+        <org.hamcrest.version>1.3</org.hamcrest.version>
+        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
+        <mockito.version>2.8.9</mockito.version>
+        <assertj.version>3.6.1</assertj.version>
+        <avaitility.version>1.7.0</avaitility.version>
+
+        <!-- maven plugins -->
+        <maven-compiler-plugin.version>3.7.0</maven-compiler-plugin.version>
+        <maven-surefire-plugin.version>2.19.1</maven-surefire-plugin.version>
+    </properties>
+</project>

core-java-io/src/main/java/com/baeldung/filesystem/jndi/LookupFSJNDI.java

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package com.baeldung.filesystem.jndi;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.util.Hashtable;
+
+import javax.naming.Context;
+import javax.naming.InitialContext;
+import javax.naming.NamingException;
+
+public class LookupFSJNDI {
+    private InitialContext ctx = null;
+
+    public LookupFSJNDI() throws NamingException {
+        super();
+        init();
+    }
+
+    private void init() throws NamingException {
+        Hashtable<String, String> env = new Hashtable<String, String>();
+
+        env.put(Context.INITIAL_CONTEXT_FACTORY, "com.sun.jndi.fscontext.RefFSContextFactory");
+        // URI to namespace (actual directory)
+        env.put(Context.PROVIDER_URL, "file:./src/test/resources");
+
+        ctx = new InitialContext(env);
+    }
+
+    public InitialContext getCtx() {
+        return ctx;
+    }
+
+    public File getFile(String fileName) {
+        File file;
+        try {
+            file = (File) getCtx().lookup(fileName);
+        } catch (NamingException e) {
+            file = null;
+        }
+        return file;
+    }
+
+}

core-java-io/src/main/resources/ESAPI.properties

@@ -0,0 +1,453 @@
+#
+# OWASP Enterprise Security API (ESAPI) Properties file -- PRODUCTION Version
+# 
+# This file is part of the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP)
+# Enterprise Security API (ESAPI) project. For details, please see
+# http://www.owasp.org/index.php/ESAPI.
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2008,2009 - The OWASP Foundation
+#
+# DISCUSS: This may cause a major backwards compatibility issue, etc. but
+#		   from a name space perspective, we probably should have prefaced
+#		   all the property names with ESAPI or at least OWASP. Otherwise
+#		   there could be problems is someone loads this properties file into
+#		   the System properties.  We could also put this file into the
+#		   esapi.jar file (perhaps as a ResourceBundle) and then allow an external
+#		   ESAPI properties be defined that would overwrite these defaults.
+#		   That keeps the application's properties relatively simple as usually
+#		   they will only want to override a few properties. If looks like we
+#		   already support multiple override levels of this in the
+#		   DefaultSecurityConfiguration class, but I'm suggesting placing the
+#		   defaults in the esapi.jar itself. That way, if the jar is signed,
+#		   we could detect if those properties had been tampered with. (The
+#		   code to check the jar signatures is pretty simple... maybe 70-90 LOC,
+#		   but off course there is an execution penalty (similar to the way
+#		   that the separate sunjce.jar used to be when a class from it was
+#		   first loaded). Thoughts?
+###############################################################################
+#
+# WARNING: Operating system protection should be used to lock down the .esapi
+# resources directory and all the files inside and all the directories all the
+# way up to the root directory of the file system.  Note that if you are using
+# file-based implementations, that some files may need to be read-write as they
+# get updated dynamically.
+#
+# Before using, be sure to update the MasterKey and MasterSalt as described below.
+# N.B.: If you had stored data that you have previously encrypted with ESAPI 1.4,
+#		you *must* FIRST decrypt it using ESAPI 1.4 and then (if so desired)
+#		re-encrypt it with ESAPI 2.0. If you fail to do this, you will NOT be
+#		able to decrypt your data with ESAPI 2.0.
+#
+#		YOU HAVE BEEN WARNED!!! More details are in the ESAPI 2.0 Release Notes.
+#
+#===========================================================================
+# ESAPI Configuration
+#
+# If true, then print all the ESAPI properties set here when they are loaded.
+# If false, they are not printed. Useful to reduce output when running JUnit tests.
+# If you need to troubleshoot a properties related problem, turning this on may help.
+# This is 'false' in the src/test/resources/.esapi version. It is 'true' by
+# default for reasons of backward compatibility with earlier ESAPI versions.
+ESAPI.printProperties=true
+
+# ESAPI is designed to be easily extensible. You can use the reference implementation
+# or implement your own providers to take advantage of your enterprise's security
+# infrastructure. The functions in ESAPI are referenced using the ESAPI locator, like:
+#
+#    String ciphertext =
+#		ESAPI.encryptor().encrypt("Secret message");   // Deprecated in 2.0
+#    CipherText cipherText =
+#		ESAPI.encryptor().encrypt(new PlainText("Secret message")); // Preferred
+#
+# Below you can specify the classname for the provider that you wish to use in your
+# application. The only requirement is that it implement the appropriate ESAPI interface.
+# This allows you to switch security implementations in the future without rewriting the
+# entire application.
+#
+# ExperimentalAccessController requires ESAPI-AccessControlPolicy.xml in .esapi directory
+ESAPI.AccessControl=org.owasp.esapi.reference.DefaultAccessController
+# FileBasedAuthenticator requires users.txt file in .esapi directory
+ESAPI.Authenticator=org.owasp.esapi.reference.FileBasedAuthenticator
+ESAPI.Encoder=org.owasp.esapi.reference.DefaultEncoder
+ESAPI.Encryptor=org.owasp.esapi.reference.crypto.JavaEncryptor
+
+ESAPI.Executor=org.owasp.esapi.reference.DefaultExecutor
+ESAPI.HTTPUtilities=org.owasp.esapi.reference.DefaultHTTPUtilities
+ESAPI.IntrusionDetector=org.owasp.esapi.reference.DefaultIntrusionDetector
+# Log4JFactory Requires log4j.xml or log4j.properties in classpath - http://www.laliluna.de/log4j-tutorial.html
+ESAPI.Logger=org.owasp.esapi.reference.Log4JLogFactory
+#ESAPI.Logger=org.owasp.esapi.reference.JavaLogFactory
+ESAPI.Randomizer=org.owasp.esapi.reference.DefaultRandomizer
+ESAPI.Validator=org.owasp.esapi.reference.DefaultValidator
+
+#===========================================================================
+# ESAPI Authenticator
+#
+Authenticator.AllowedLoginAttempts=3
+Authenticator.MaxOldPasswordHashes=13
+Authenticator.UsernameParameterName=username
+Authenticator.PasswordParameterName=password
+# RememberTokenDuration (in days)
+Authenticator.RememberTokenDuration=14
+# Session Timeouts (in minutes)
+Authenticator.IdleTimeoutDuration=20
+Authenticator.AbsoluteTimeoutDuration=120
+
+#===========================================================================
+# ESAPI Encoder
+#
+# ESAPI canonicalizes input before validation to prevent bypassing filters with encoded attacks.
+# Failure to canonicalize input is a very common mistake when implementing validation schemes.
+# Canonicalization is automatic when using the ESAPI Validator, but you can also use the
+# following code to canonicalize data.
+#
+#      ESAPI.Encoder().canonicalize( "%22hello world"" );
+#  
+# Multiple encoding is when a single encoding format is applied multiple times. Allowing
+# multiple encoding is strongly discouraged.
+Encoder.AllowMultipleEncoding=false
+
+# Mixed encoding is when multiple different encoding formats are applied, or when 
+# multiple formats are nested. Allowing multiple encoding is strongly discouraged.
+Encoder.AllowMixedEncoding=false
+
+# The default list of codecs to apply when canonicalizing untrusted data. The list should include the codecs
+# for all downstream interpreters or decoders. For example, if the data is likely to end up in a URL, HTML, or
+# inside JavaScript, then the list of codecs below is appropriate. The order of the list is not terribly important.
+Encoder.DefaultCodecList=HTMLEntityCodec,PercentCodec,JavaScriptCodec
+
+
+#===========================================================================
+# ESAPI Encryption
+#
+# The ESAPI Encryptor provides basic cryptographic functions with a simplified API.
+# To get started, generate a new key using java -classpath esapi.jar org.owasp.esapi.reference.crypto.JavaEncryptor
+# There is not currently any support for key rotation, so be careful when changing your key and salt as it
+# will invalidate all signed, encrypted, and hashed data.
+#
+# WARNING: Not all combinations of algorithms and key lengths are supported.
+# If you choose to use a key length greater than 128, you MUST download the
+# unlimited strength policy files and install in the lib directory of your JRE/JDK.
+# See http://java.sun.com/javase/downloads/index.jsp for more information.
+#
+# Backward compatibility with ESAPI Java 1.4 is supported by the two deprecated API
+# methods, Encryptor.encrypt(String) and Encryptor.decrypt(String). However, whenever
+# possible, these methods should be avoided as they use ECB cipher mode, which in almost
+# all circumstances a poor choice because of it's weakness. CBC cipher mode is the default
+# for the new Encryptor encrypt / decrypt methods for ESAPI Java 2.0.  In general, you
+# should only use this compatibility setting if you have persistent data encrypted with
+# version 1.4 and even then, you should ONLY set this compatibility mode UNTIL
+# you have decrypted all of your old encrypted data and then re-encrypted it with
+# ESAPI 2.0 using CBC mode. If you have some reason to mix the deprecated 1.4 mode
+# with the new 2.0 methods, make sure that you use the same cipher algorithm for both
+# (256-bit AES was the default for 1.4; 128-bit is the default for 2.0; see below for
+# more details.) Otherwise, you will have to use the new 2.0 encrypt / decrypt methods
+# where you can specify a SecretKey. (Note that if you are using the 256-bit AES,
+# that requires downloading the special jurisdiction policy files mentioned above.)
+#
+#		***** IMPORTANT: Do NOT forget to replace these with your own values! *****
+# To calculate these values, you can run:
+#		java -classpath esapi.jar org.owasp.esapi.reference.crypto.JavaEncryptor
+#
+Encryptor.MasterKey=tzfztf56ftv
+Encryptor.MasterSalt=123456ztrewq
+
+# Provides the default JCE provider that ESAPI will "prefer" for its symmetric
+# encryption and hashing. (That is it will look to this provider first, but it
+# will defer to other providers if the requested algorithm is not implemented
+# by this provider.) If left unset, ESAPI will just use your Java VM's current
+# preferred JCE provider, which is generally set in the file
+# "$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security/java.security".
+#
+# The main intent of this is to allow ESAPI symmetric encryption to be
+# used with a FIPS 140-2 compliant crypto-module. For details, see the section
+# "Using ESAPI Symmetric Encryption with FIPS 140-2 Cryptographic Modules" in
+# the ESAPI 2.0 Symmetric Encryption User Guide, at:
+# http://owasp-esapi-java.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/documentation/esapi4java-core-2.0-symmetric-crypto-user-guide.html
+# However, this property also allows you to easily use an alternate JCE provider
+# such as "Bouncy Castle" without having to make changes to "java.security".
+# See Javadoc for SecurityProviderLoader for further details. If you wish to use
+# a provider that is not known to SecurityProviderLoader, you may specify the
+# fully-qualified class name of the JCE provider class that implements
+# java.security.Provider. If the name contains a '.', this is interpreted as
+# a fully-qualified class name that implements java.security.Provider.
+#
+# NOTE: Setting this property has the side-effect of changing it in your application
+#       as well, so if you are using JCE in your application directly rather than
+#       through ESAPI (you wouldn't do that, would you? ;-), it will change the
+#       preferred JCE provider there as well.
+#
+# Default: Keeps the JCE provider set to whatever JVM sets it to.
+Encryptor.PreferredJCEProvider=
+
+# AES is the most widely used and strongest encryption algorithm. This
+# should agree with your Encryptor.CipherTransformation property.
+# By default, ESAPI Java 1.4 uses "PBEWithMD5AndDES" and which is
+# very weak. It is essentially a password-based encryption key, hashed
+# with MD5 around 1K times and then encrypted with the weak DES algorithm
+# (56-bits) using ECB mode and an unspecified padding (it is
+# JCE provider specific, but most likely "NoPadding"). However, 2.0 uses
+# "AES/CBC/PKCSPadding". If you want to change these, change them here.
+# Warning: This property does not control the default reference implementation for
+#		   ESAPI 2.0 using JavaEncryptor. Also, this property will be dropped
+#		   in the future.
+# @deprecated
+Encryptor.EncryptionAlgorithm=AES
+#		For ESAPI Java 2.0 - New encrypt / decrypt methods use this.
+Encryptor.CipherTransformation=AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding
+
+# Applies to ESAPI 2.0 and later only!
+# Comma-separated list of cipher modes that provide *BOTH*
+# confidentiality *AND* message authenticity. (NIST refers to such cipher
+# modes as "combined modes" so that's what we shall call them.) If any of these
+# cipher modes are used then no MAC is calculated and stored
+# in the CipherText upon encryption. Likewise, if one of these
+# cipher modes is used with decryption, no attempt will be made
+# to validate the MAC contained in the CipherText object regardless
+# of whether it contains one or not. Since the expectation is that
+# these cipher modes support support message authenticity already,
+# injecting a MAC in the CipherText object would be at best redundant.
+#
+# Note that as of JDK 1.5, the SunJCE provider does not support *any*
+# of these cipher modes. Of these listed, only GCM and CCM are currently
+# NIST approved. YMMV for other JCE providers. E.g., Bouncy Castle supports
+# GCM and CCM with "NoPadding" mode, but not with "PKCS5Padding" or other
+# padding modes.
+Encryptor.cipher_modes.combined_modes=GCM,CCM,IAPM,EAX,OCB,CWC
+
+# Applies to ESAPI 2.0 and later only!
+# Additional cipher modes allowed for ESAPI 2.0 encryption. These
+# cipher modes are in _addition_ to those specified by the property
+# 'Encryptor.cipher_modes.combined_modes'.
+# Note: We will add support for streaming modes like CFB & OFB once
+# we add support for 'specified' to the property 'Encryptor.ChooseIVMethod'
+# (probably in ESAPI 2.1).
+# DISCUSS: Better name?
+Encryptor.cipher_modes.additional_allowed=CBC
+
+# 128-bit is almost always sufficient and appears to be more resistant to
+# related key attacks than is 256-bit AES. Use '_' to use default key size
+# for cipher algorithms (where it makes sense because the algorithm supports
+# a variable key size). Key length must agree to what's provided as the
+# cipher transformation, otherwise this will be ignored after logging a
+# warning.
+#
+# NOTE: This is what applies BOTH ESAPI 1.4 and 2.0. See warning above about mixing!
+Encryptor.EncryptionKeyLength=128
+
+# Because 2.0 uses CBC mode by default, it requires an initialization vector (IV).
+# (All cipher modes except ECB require an IV.) There are two choices: we can either
+# use a fixed IV known to both parties or allow ESAPI to choose a random IV. While
+# the IV does not need to be hidden from adversaries, it is important that the
+# adversary not be allowed to choose it. Also, random IVs are generally much more
+# secure than fixed IVs. (In fact, it is essential that feed-back cipher modes
+# such as CFB and OFB use a different IV for each encryption with a given key so
+# in such cases, random IVs are much preferred. By default, ESAPI 2.0 uses random
+# IVs. If you wish to use 'fixed' IVs, set 'Encryptor.ChooseIVMethod=fixed' and
+# uncomment the Encryptor.fixedIV.
+#
+# Valid values:		random|fixed|specified		'specified' not yet implemented; planned for 2.1
+Encryptor.ChooseIVMethod=random
+# If you choose to use a fixed IV, then you must place a fixed IV here that
+# is known to all others who are sharing your secret key. The format should
+# be a hex string that is the same length as the cipher block size for the
+# cipher algorithm that you are using. The following is an *example* for AES
+# from an AES test vector for AES-128/CBC as described in:
+# NIST Special Publication 800-38A (2001 Edition)
+# "Recommendation for Block Cipher Modes of Operation".
+# (Note that the block size for AES is 16 bytes == 128 bits.)
+#
+Encryptor.fixedIV=0x000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f
+
+# Whether or not CipherText should use a message authentication code (MAC) with it.
+# This prevents an adversary from altering the IV as well as allowing a more
+# fool-proof way of determining the decryption failed because of an incorrect
+# key being supplied. This refers to the "separate" MAC calculated and stored
+# in CipherText, not part of any MAC that is calculated as a result of a
+# "combined mode" cipher mode.
+#
+# If you are using ESAPI with a FIPS 140-2 cryptographic module, you *must* also
+# set this property to false.
+Encryptor.CipherText.useMAC=true
+
+# Whether or not the PlainText object may be overwritten and then marked
+# eligible for garbage collection. If not set, this is still treated as 'true'.
+Encryptor.PlainText.overwrite=true
+
+# Do not use DES except in a legacy situations. 56-bit is way too small key size.
+#Encryptor.EncryptionKeyLength=56
+#Encryptor.EncryptionAlgorithm=DES
+
+# TripleDES is considered strong enough for most purposes.
+#	Note:	There is also a 112-bit version of DESede. Using the 168-bit version
+#			requires downloading the special jurisdiction policy from Sun.
+#Encryptor.EncryptionKeyLength=168
+#Encryptor.EncryptionAlgorithm=DESede
+
+Encryptor.HashAlgorithm=SHA-512
+Encryptor.HashIterations=1024
+Encryptor.DigitalSignatureAlgorithm=SHA1withDSA
+Encryptor.DigitalSignatureKeyLength=1024
+Encryptor.RandomAlgorithm=SHA1PRNG
+Encryptor.CharacterEncoding=UTF-8
+
+# This is the Pseudo Random Function (PRF) that ESAPI's Key Derivation Function
+# (KDF) normally uses. Note this is *only* the PRF used for ESAPI's KDF and
+# *not* what is used for ESAPI's MAC. (Currently, HmacSHA1 is always used for
+# the MAC, mostly to keep the overall size at a minimum.)
+#
+# Currently supported choices for JDK 1.5 and 1.6 are:
+#	HmacSHA1 (160 bits), HmacSHA256 (256 bits), HmacSHA384 (384 bits), and
+#	HmacSHA512 (512 bits).
+# Note that HmacMD5 is *not* supported for the PRF used by the KDF even though
+# the JDKs support it.  See the ESAPI 2.0 Symmetric Encryption User Guide
+# further details.
+Encryptor.KDF.PRF=HmacSHA256
+#===========================================================================
+# ESAPI HttpUtilties
+#
+# The HttpUtilities provide basic protections to HTTP requests and responses. Primarily these methods 
+# protect against malicious data from attackers, such as unprintable characters, escaped characters,
+# and other simple attacks. The HttpUtilities also provides utility methods for dealing with cookies,
+# headers, and CSRF tokens.
+#
+# Default file upload location (remember to escape backslashes with \\)
+HttpUtilities.UploadDir=C:\\ESAPI\\testUpload
+HttpUtilities.UploadTempDir=C:\\temp
+# Force flags on cookies, if you use HttpUtilities to set cookies
+HttpUtilities.ForceHttpOnlySession=false
+HttpUtilities.ForceSecureSession=false
+HttpUtilities.ForceHttpOnlyCookies=true
+HttpUtilities.ForceSecureCookies=true
+# Maximum size of HTTP headers
+HttpUtilities.MaxHeaderSize=4096
+# File upload configuration
+HttpUtilities.ApprovedUploadExtensions=.zip,.pdf,.doc,.docx,.ppt,.pptx,.tar,.gz,.tgz,.rar,.war,.jar,.ear,.xls,.rtf,.properties,.java,.class,.txt,.xml,.jsp,.jsf,.exe,.dll
+HttpUtilities.MaxUploadFileBytes=500000000
+# Using UTF-8 throughout your stack is highly recommended. That includes your database driver,
+# container, and any other technologies you may be using. Failure to do this may expose you
+# to Unicode transcoding injection attacks. Use of UTF-8 does not hinder internationalization.
+HttpUtilities.ResponseContentType=text/html; charset=UTF-8
+# This is the name of the cookie used to represent the HTTP session
+# Typically this will be the default "JSESSIONID" 
+HttpUtilities.HttpSessionIdName=JSESSIONID
+
+
+
+#===========================================================================
+# ESAPI Executor
+# CHECKME - Not sure what this is used for, but surely it should be made OS independent.
+Executor.WorkingDirectory=C:\\Windows\\Temp
+Executor.ApprovedExecutables=C:\\Windows\\System32\\cmd.exe,C:\\Windows\\System32\\runas.exe
+
+
+#===========================================================================
+# ESAPI Logging
+# Set the application name if these logs are combined with other applications
+Logger.ApplicationName=ExampleApplication
+# If you use an HTML log viewer that does not properly HTML escape log data, you can set LogEncodingRequired to true
+Logger.LogEncodingRequired=false
+# Determines whether ESAPI should log the application name. This might be clutter in some single-server/single-app environments.
+Logger.LogApplicationName=true
+# Determines whether ESAPI should log the server IP and port. This might be clutter in some single-server environments.
+Logger.LogServerIP=true
+# LogFileName, the name of the logging file. Provide a full directory path (e.g., C:\\ESAPI\\ESAPI_logging_file) if you
+# want to place it in a specific directory.
+Logger.LogFileName=ESAPI_logging_file
+# MaxLogFileSize, the max size (in bytes) of a single log file before it cuts over to a new one (default is 10,000,000)
+Logger.MaxLogFileSize=10000000
+
+
+#===========================================================================
+# ESAPI Intrusion Detection
+#
+# Each event has a base to which .count, .interval, and .action are added
+# The IntrusionException will fire if we receive "count" events within "interval" seconds
+# The IntrusionDetector is configurable to take the following actions: log, logout, and disable
+#  (multiple actions separated by commas are allowed e.g. event.test.actions=log,disable
+#
+# Custom Events
+# Names must start with "event." as the base
+# Use IntrusionDetector.addEvent( "test" ) in your code to trigger "event.test" here
+# You can also disable intrusion detection completely by changing
+# the following parameter to true
+#
+IntrusionDetector.Disable=false
+#
+IntrusionDetector.event.test.count=2
+IntrusionDetector.event.test.interval=10
+IntrusionDetector.event.test.actions=disable,log
+
+# Exception Events
+# All EnterpriseSecurityExceptions are registered automatically
+# Call IntrusionDetector.getInstance().addException(e) for Exceptions that do not extend EnterpriseSecurityException
+# Use the fully qualified classname of the exception as the base
+
+# any intrusion is an attack
+IntrusionDetector.org.owasp.esapi.errors.IntrusionException.count=1
+IntrusionDetector.org.owasp.esapi.errors.IntrusionException.interval=1
+IntrusionDetector.org.owasp.esapi.errors.IntrusionException.actions=log,disable,logout
+
+# for test purposes
+# CHECKME: Shouldn't there be something in the property name itself that designates
+#		   that these are for testing???
+IntrusionDetector.org.owasp.esapi.errors.IntegrityException.count=10
+IntrusionDetector.org.owasp.esapi.errors.IntegrityException.interval=5
+IntrusionDetector.org.owasp.esapi.errors.IntegrityException.actions=log,disable,logout
+
+# rapid validation errors indicate scans or attacks in progress
+# org.owasp.esapi.errors.ValidationException.count=10
+# org.owasp.esapi.errors.ValidationException.interval=10
+# org.owasp.esapi.errors.ValidationException.actions=log,logout
+
+# sessions jumping between hosts indicates session hijacking
+IntrusionDetector.org.owasp.esapi.errors.AuthenticationHostException.count=2
+IntrusionDetector.org.owasp.esapi.errors.AuthenticationHostException.interval=10
+IntrusionDetector.org.owasp.esapi.errors.AuthenticationHostException.actions=log,logout
+
+
+#===========================================================================
+# ESAPI Validation
+#
+# The ESAPI Validator works on regular expressions with defined names. You can define names
+# either here, or you may define application specific patterns in a separate file defined below.
+# This allows enterprises to specify both organizational standards as well as application specific
+# validation rules.
+#
+Validator.ConfigurationFile=validation.properties
+
+# Validators used by ESAPI
+Validator.AccountName=^[a-zA-Z0-9]{3,20}$
+Validator.SystemCommand=^[a-zA-Z\\-\\/]{1,64}$
+Validator.RoleName=^[a-z]{1,20}$
+
+#the word TEST below should be changed to your application 
+#name - only relative URL's are supported
+Validator.Redirect=^\\/test.*$
+
+# Global HTTP Validation Rules
+# Values with Base64 encoded data (e.g. encrypted state) will need at least [a-zA-Z0-9\/+=]
+Validator.HTTPScheme=^(http|https)$
+Validator.HTTPServerName=^[a-zA-Z0-9_.\\-]*$
+Validator.HTTPParameterName=^[a-zA-Z0-9_]{1,32}$
+Validator.HTTPParameterValue=^[a-zA-Z0-9.\\-\\/+=@_ ]*$
+Validator.HTTPCookieName=^[a-zA-Z0-9\\-_]{1,32}$
+Validator.HTTPCookieValue=^[a-zA-Z0-9\\-\\/+=_ ]*$
+Validator.HTTPHeaderName=^[a-zA-Z0-9\\-_]{1,32}$
+Validator.HTTPHeaderValue=^[a-zA-Z0-9()\\-=\\*\\.\\?;,+\\/:&_ ]*$
+Validator.HTTPContextPath=^\\/?[a-zA-Z0-9.\\-\\/_]*$
+Validator.HTTPServletPath=^[a-zA-Z0-9.\\-\\/_]*$
+Validator.HTTPPath=^[a-zA-Z0-9.\\-_]*$
+Validator.HTTPQueryString=^[a-zA-Z0-9()\\-=\\*\\.\\?;,+\\/:&_ %]*$
+Validator.HTTPURI=^[a-zA-Z0-9()\\-=\\*\\.\\?;,+\\/:&_ ]*$
+Validator.HTTPURL=^.*$
+Validator.HTTPJSESSIONID=^[A-Z0-9]{10,30}$
+
+# Validation of file related input
+Validator.FileName=^[a-zA-Z0-9!@#$%^&{}\\[\\]()_+\\-=,.~'` ]{1,255}$
+Validator.DirectoryName=^[a-zA-Z0-9:/\\\\!@#$%^&{}\\[\\]()_+\\-=,.~'` ]{1,255}$
+
+# Validation of dates. Controls whether or not 'lenient' dates are accepted.
+# See DataFormat.setLenient(boolean flag) for further details.
+Validator.AcceptLenientDates=false
+

core-java-io/src/main/resources/META-INF/persistence.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
+<persistence xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence"
+    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
+    xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence
+        http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_1.xsd" version="2.1">
+
+    <!-- JDO tutorial "unit" -->
+    <persistence-unit name="Tutorial">
+        <exclude-unlisted-classes/>
+		<properties>
+			<property name="javax.jdo.PersistenceManagerFactoryClass" value="org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOPersistenceManagerFactory"/>		
+		    <property name="javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL" value="jdbc:h2:mem:mypersistence"/>
+		    <property name="javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName" value="org.h2.Driver"/>
+		    <property name="javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName" value="sa"/>
+		    <property name="javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword" value=""/>
+		    <property name="datanucleus.schema.autoCreateAll" value="true"/>
+		</properties>
+    </persistence-unit>
+</persistence>
+

core-java-io/src/main/resources/META-INF/services/com.sun.source.util.Plugin

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+com.baeldung.javac.SampleJavacPlugin

core-java-io/src/main/resources/countries.properties

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+UK
+US
+Germany

core-java-io/src/main/resources/data.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+1|IND|India
+2|MY|Malaysia
+3|AU|Australia

core-java-io/src/main/resources/datasource.properties

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+dataSourceClassName=//TBD
+dataSource.user=//TBD
+dataSource.password=//TBD
+dataSource.databaseName=//TBD
+dataSource.portNumber=//TBD
+dataSource.serverName=//TBD

core-java-io/src/main/resources/js/bind.js

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+var first = {
+    name: "Whiskey",
+    age: 5
+};
+
+var second = {
+    volume: 100
+};
+
+Object.bindProperties(first, second);
+
+print(first.volume);
+
+second.volume = 1000;
+print(first.volume);

core-java-io/src/main/resources/js/locations.js

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+print(__FILE__, __LINE__, __DIR__);

core-java-io/src/main/resources/js/math_module.js

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+var math = {
+    increment: function (num) {
+        return ++num;
+    },
+
+    failFunc: function () {
+        try {
+            throw "BOOM";
+        } catch (e if typeof e === 'string') {
+            print("String thrown: " + e);
+        }
+        catch (e) {
+            print("this shouldn't happen!");
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+
+math;

core-java-io/src/main/resources/js/no_such.js

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+var demo = {
+    __noSuchProperty__: function (propName) {
+        print("Accessed non-existing property: " + propName);
+    },
+
+    __noSuchMethod__: function (methodName) {
+        print("Invoked non-existing method: " + methodName);
+    }
+};
+
+demo;

core-java-io/src/main/resources/js/script.js

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+function increment(num) ++num;

core-java-io/src/main/resources/js/trim.js

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+print("   hello world".trimLeft());
+print("hello world     ".trimRight());

core-java-io/src/main/resources/js/typed_arrays.js

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+function arrays(arr) {
+
+    var javaIntArray = Java.to(arr, "int[]");
+    print(javaIntArray[0]);
+    print(javaIntArray[1]);
+    print(javaIntArray[2]);
+}
+
+arrays([100, "1654", true]);

core-java-io/src/main/resources/log4j.properties

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, A1
+
+log4j.appender.A1=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
+
+log4j.appender.A1.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
+log4j.appender.A1.layout.ConversionPattern=%-4r [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n

core-java-io/src/main/resources/log4jstructuraldp.properties

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+
+# Root logger 
+log4j.rootLogger=INFO, file, stdout
+
+# Write to console
+log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
+log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
+log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
+log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %-5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n

core-java-io/src/main/resources/logback.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<configuration>
+    <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
+        <encoder>
+            <pattern>web - %date [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %message%n
+            </pattern>
+        </encoder>
+    </appender>
+
+    <logger name="org.springframework" level="WARN" />
+    <logger name="org.springframework.transaction" level="WARN" />
+
+    <!-- in order to debug some marshalling issues, this needs to be TRACE -->
+    <logger name="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc" level="WARN" />
+
+    <root level="INFO">
+        <appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
+    </root>
+</configuration>

core-java-io/src/test/resources/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+*.class
+
+#folders#
+/target
+/neoDb*
+/data
+/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/classes
+*/META-INF/*
+
+# Packaged files #
+*.jar
+*.war
+*.ear

core-java-io/src/test/resources/configuration.properties

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# this is sample property file for PropertiesLoaderTest configuration needs
+! this is also a comment
+sampleConfEntry = sample String value
+colonSeparatedEntry : colon separated entry value

core-java-io/src/test/resources/test.find

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Test of JNDI on file.

core-java-io/src/test/resources/testFolder/sample_file_1.in

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hello world

core-java-io/src/test/resources/testFolder/sample_file_2.in

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hello world !

core-java-io/src/test/resources/test_read.in

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hello world

core-java-io/src/test/resources/test_read1.in

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hello world 1

core-java-io/src/test/resources/test_read2.in

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+2,3 4

core-java-io/src/test/resources/test_read3.in

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Hello 1

core-java-io/src/test/resources/test_read7.in

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+青空

core-java-io/src/test/resources/test_read8.in

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Hello world 
+ Test line 

core-java-io/src/test/resources/test_read_d.in

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+John,Adam-Tom

core-java-io/src/test/resources/test_read_multiple.in

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Hello world
+Hi, John