Added update by query to REST API reference
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---
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layout: default
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title: Update by query
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parent: Document APIs
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grand_parent: REST API reference
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nav_order: 50
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---
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# Update by query
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Introduced 1.0
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{: .label .label-purple}
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You can include a query as part of your update request so OpenSearch updates all documents that match that query.
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## Example
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```json
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POST test-index1/_update_by_query
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{
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"query": {
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"term": {
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"oldValue": 10
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}
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},
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"script" : {
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"source": "ctx._source.oldValue += params.newValue",
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"lang": "painless",
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"params" : {
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"newValue" : 20
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}
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}
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}
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```
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## Path and HTTP methods
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```
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POST <target-index1>, <target-index2>/_update_by_query
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```
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## URL parameters
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All URL parameters are optional.
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Parameter | Type | Description
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:--- | :--- | :--- | :---
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<target-index> | String | Comma-separated list of indices to update. To update all indices, use * or omit this parameter.
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allow_no_indices | String | If false, the request returns an error if wildcard expressions match closed or missing indices. Default is true.
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analyzer | String | Analyzer to use in the query string.
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analyze_wildcard | Boolean | Whether the operation should include wildcard and prefix queries in the analysis. Default is false.
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conflicts | String | Specifies whether the operation should continue if the request runs into version conflicts. Valid options are `abort` and `proceed`. Default is `abort`.
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default_operator | String | The default operator the string query should use. Valid options are `AND` and `OR`. Default is `OR`.
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df | String | The default field when the query string does not have a field prefix.
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expand_wildcards | String | Specifies the type of index that wildcard expressions can match. Supports comma-separated values. Valid values are `all` (match any index), `open` (match open, non-hidden indices), `closed` (match closed, non-hidden indices), `hidden` (match hidden indices), and `none` (deny wildcard expressions). Default is `open`.
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from | Integer | The starting index to search from. Default is 0.
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ignore_unavailable | Boolean | Whether to exclude missing or closed indices in the response. Default is false.
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lenient | Boolean | Whether OpenSearch should ignore format-based query failures (for example, querying an integer field for a string). Default is false.
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max_docs | Integer | Maximum number of documents the request should process. Default is all documents.
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pipeline | String | ID of the pipeline to use to process documents.
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preference | String | The node or shard OpenSearch should perform the operation on.
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q | String | Query in the Lucene query string syntax.
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request_cache | Boolean | Whether OpenSearch should use the request cache for the operation. Default is whether it's enabled in the index's settings.
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refresh | Boolean | Specifies whether OpenSearch should refresh shards involved in the operation to make the operation visible to searching.
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requests_per_second | Integer | Specifies the request's throttling in sub-requests per second. Default is -1, which means no throttling.
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routing | String | Value used to route the operation to a specific shard.
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scroll | Time | How long to keep the search context open.
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scroll_size | Integer | Size of the operation's scroll request. Default is 1000.
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search_type | String | Whether OpenSearch should use global term and document frequencies calculating revelance scores. Valid choices are `query_then_fetch` and `dfs_query_then_fetch`. `query_then_fetch` scores documents using local term and document frequencies for the shard. It’s usually faster but less accurate. `dfs_query_then_fetch` scores documents using global term and document frequencies across all shards. It’s usually slower but more accurate. Default is `query_then_fetch`.
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search_timeout | Time | Amount of time until timeout for the search request. Default is no timeout.
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slices | Integer | Number of sub-tasks OpenSearch should divide this task into. Default is 1, which means OpenSearch should not divide this task.
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sort | String | A comma-separated list of <field> : <direction> pairs to sort by.
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_source | String | Whether to include the `_source` field in the response.
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_source_excludes | String | A comma-separated list of source fields to exclude from the response.
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_source_includes | String | A comma-separated list of source fields to include in the response.
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stats | String | Value to associate with the request for additional logging.
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terminate_after | Integer | The maximum number of documents OpenSearch should process before terminating the request.
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timeout | Time | How long the operation should wait from a response from active shards. Default is `1m`.
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version | Boolean | Whether to include the document version as a match.
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wait_for_active_shards | String | The number of shards that must be active before OpenSearch executes the operation. Valid values are `all` or any integer up to the total number of shards in the index. Default is 1, which is the primary shard.
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## Request body
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To update your indices and documents by query, you must include a [query]({{site.baseurl}}{{site.url}}/opensearch/query-dsl/index) and a script in the request body that OpenSearch can run to update your documents. If you don't specify a query, then every document in the index gets updated.
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```json
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{
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"query": {
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"term": {
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"oldValue": 20
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}
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},
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"script" : {
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"source": "ctx._source.oldValue += params.newValue",
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"lang": "painless",
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"params" : {
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"newValue" : 10
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}
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}
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}
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```
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## Response
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```json
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{
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"took": 21,
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"timed_out": false,
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"total": 1,
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"updated": 1,
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"deleted": 0,
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"batches": 1,
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"version_conflicts": 0,
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"noops": 0,
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"retries": {
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"bulk": 0,
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"search": 0
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},
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"throttled_millis": 0,
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"requests_per_second": -1.0,
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"throttled_until_millis": 0,
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"failures": []
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}
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```
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## Response body fields
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Field | Description
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:--- | :---
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took | The amount of time in milliseconds OpenSearch needed to complete the operation.
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timed_out | Whether any update requests during the operation timed out.
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total | Total number of documents processed.
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updated | Total number of documents updated.
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batches | Number of scroll responses the request processed.
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version_conflicts | Number of conflicts the request ran into.
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noops | How many update requests OpenSearch ignored during the operation. This field always returns 0.
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retries | The number of bulk and search retry requests.
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throttled_millis | Number of throttled milliseconds during the request.
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requests_per_second | Number of requests executed per second during the operation.
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throttled_until_millis | The amount of time until OpenSearch executes the next throttled request. Always equal to 0 in an update by query request.
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failures | Any failures that occur during the request.
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