packer-cn/website/source/docs/basics/terminology.html.md

---
description: |
    There are a handful of terms used throughout the Packer documentation where
    the meaning may not be immediately obvious if you haven't used Packer before.
    Luckily, there are relatively few. This page documents all the terminology
    required to understand and use Packer. The terminology is in alphabetical
    order for quick referencing.
layout: docs
page_title: Terminology
---

# Packer Terminology

There are a handful of terms used throughout the Packer documentation where the
meaning may not be immediately obvious if you haven't used Packer before.
Luckily, there are relatively few. This page documents all the terminology
required to understand and use Packer. The terminology is in alphabetical order
for quick referencing.

-   `Artifacts` are the results of a single build, and are usually a set of IDs or
    files to represent a machine image. Every builder produces a single artifact.
    As an example, in the case of the Amazon EC2 builder, the artifact is a set of
    AMI IDs (one per region). For the VMware builder, the artifact is a directory
    of files comprising the created virtual machine.

-   `Builds` are a single task that eventually produces an image for a single
    platform. Multiple builds run in parallel. Example usage in a sentence: "The
    Packer build produced an AMI to run our web application." Or: "Packer is
    running the builds now for VMware, AWS, and VirtualBox."

-   `Builders` are components of Packer that are able to create a machine image
    for a single platform. Builders read in some configuration and use that to run
    and generate a machine image. A builder is invoked as part of a build in order
    to create the actual resulting images. Example builders include VirtualBox,
    VMware, and Amazon EC2. Builders can be created and added to Packer in the
    form of plugins.

-   `Commands` are sub-commands for the `packer` program that perform some job. An
    example command is "build", which is invoked as `packer build`. Packer ships
    with a set of commands out of the box in order to define its command-line
    interface.

-   `Post-processors` are components of Packer that take the result of a builder
    or another post-processor and process that to create a new artifact. Examples
    of post-processors are compress to compress artifacts, upload to upload
    artifacts, etc.

-   `Provisioners` are components of Packer that install and configure software
    within a running machine prior to that machine being turned into a static
    image. They perform the major work of making the image contain useful
    software. Example provisioners include shell scripts, Chef, Puppet, etc.

-   `Templates` are JSON files which define one or more builds by configuring the
    various components of Packer. Packer is able to read a template and use that
    information to create multiple machine images in parallel.