packer-cn/website/source/docs/builders/parallels-pvm.html.markdown

---
layout: "docs"
page_title: "Parallels Builder (from a PVM)"
description: |-
  This Parallels builder is able to create Parallels Desktop for Mac virtual machines and export them in the PVM format, starting from an existing PVM (exported virtual machine image).
---

# Parallels Builder (from a PVM)

Type: `parallels-pvm`

This Parallels builder is able to create
[Parallels Desktop for Mac](http://www.parallels.com/products/desktop/)
virtual machines and export them in the PVM format, starting from an
existing PVM (exported virtual machine image).

The builder builds a virtual machine by importing an existing PVM
file. It then boots this image, runs provisioners on this new VM, and
exports that VM to create the image. The imported machine is deleted prior
to finishing the build.

## Basic Example

Here is a basic example. This example is functional if you have an PVM matching
the settings here.

```javascript
{
  "type": "parallels-pvm",
  "parallels_tools_flavor": "lin"
  "source_path": "source.pvm",
  "ssh_username": "packer",
  "ssh_password": "packer",
  "ssh_wait_timeout": "30s",
  "shutdown_command": "echo 'packer' | sudo -S shutdown -P now"
}
```

It is important to add a `shutdown_command`. By default Packer halts the
virtual machine and the file system may not be sync'd. Thus, changes made in a
provisioner might not be saved.

## Configuration Reference

There are many configuration options available for the Parallels builder.
They are organized below into two categories: required and optional. Within
each category, the available options are alphabetized and described.

### Required:

* `source_path` (string) - The path to a PVM directory that acts as
  the source of this build.

* `ssh_username` (string) - The username to use to SSH into the machine
  once the OS is installed.

* `parallels_tools_flavor` (string) - The flavor of the Parallels Tools ISO to
  install into the VM. Valid values are "win", "lin", "mac", "os2" and "other".
  This can be ommited only if `parallels_tools_mode` is "disable".

### Optional:

* `boot_command` (array of strings) - This is an array of commands to type
  when the virtual machine is first booted. The goal of these commands should
  be to type just enough to initialize the operating system installer. Special
  keys can be typed as well, and are covered in the section below on the boot
  command. If this is not specified, it is assumed the installer will start
  itself.

* `boot_wait` (string) - The time to wait after booting the initial virtual
  machine before typing the `boot_command`. The value of this should be
  a duration. Examples are "5s" and "1m30s" which will cause Packer to wait
  five seconds and one minute 30 seconds, respectively. If this isn't specified,
  the default is 10 seconds.

* `floppy_files` (array of strings) - A list of files to put onto a floppy
  disk that is attached when the VM is booted for the first time. This is
  most useful for unattended Windows installs, which look for an
  `Autounattend.xml` file on removable media. By default no floppy will
  be attached. The files listed in this configuration will all be put
  into the root directory of the floppy disk; sub-directories are not supported.

* `reassign_mac` (boolean) - If this is "false" the MAC address of the first
  NIC will reused when imported else a new MAC address will be generated by
  Parallels. Defaults to "false".

* `output_directory` (string) - This is the path to the directory where the
  resulting virtual machine will be created. This may be relative or absolute.
  If relative, the path is relative to the working directory when `packer`
  is executed. This directory must not exist or be empty prior to running the builder.
  By default this is "output-BUILDNAME" where "BUILDNAME" is the name
  of the build.

* `parallels_tools_guest_path` (string) - The path in the VM to upload Parallels
  Tools. This only takes effect if `parallels_tools_mode` is not "disable".
  This is a [configuration template](/docs/templates/configuration-templates.html)
  that has a single valid variable: `Flavor`, which will be the value of
  `parallels_tools_flavor`. By default the upload path is set to
  `prl-tools-{{.Flavor}}.iso`.

* `parallels_tools_mode` (string) - The method by which Parallels Tools are
  made available to the guest for installation. Valid options are "upload",
  "attach", or "disable". The functions of each of these should be
  self-explanatory. The default value is "upload".

* `prlctl` (array of array of strings) - Custom `prlctl` commands to execute in
  order to further customize the virtual machine being created. The value of
  this is an array of commands to execute. The commands are executed in the order
  defined in the template. For each command, the command is defined itself as an
  array of strings, where each string represents a single argument on the
  command-line to `prlctl` (but excluding `prlctl` itself). Each arg is treated
  as a [configuration template](/docs/templates/configuration-templates.html),
  where the `Name` variable is replaced with the VM name. More details on how
  to use `prlctl` are below.

* `prlctl_version_file` (string) - The path within the virtual machine to upload
  a file that contains the `prlctl` version that was used to create the machine.
  This information can be useful for provisioning. By default this is
  ".prlctl_version", which will generally upload it into the home directory.

* `shutdown_command` (string) - The command to use to gracefully shut down
  the machine once all the provisioning is done. By default this is an empty
  string, which tells Packer to just forcefully shut down the machine.

* `shutdown_timeout` (string) - The amount of time to wait after executing
  the `shutdown_command` for the virtual machine to actually shut down.
  If it doesn't shut down in this time, it is an error. By default, the timeout
  is "5m", or five minutes.

* `ssh_key_path` (string) - Path to a private key to use for authenticating
  with SSH. By default this is not set (key-based auth won't be used).
  The associated public key is expected to already be configured on the
  VM being prepared by some other process (kickstart, etc.).

* `ssh_password` (string) - The password for `ssh_username` to use to
  authenticate with SSH. By default this is the empty string.

* `ssh_port` (integer) - The port that SSH will be listening on in the guest
  virtual machine. By default this is 22.

* `ssh_wait_timeout` (string) - The duration to wait for SSH to become
  available. By default this is "20m", or 20 minutes. Note that this should
  be quite long since the timer begins as soon as the virtual machine is booted.

* `vm_name` (string) - This is the name of the virtual machine when it is
  imported as well as the name of the PVM directory when the virtual machine is
  exported. By default this is "packer-BUILDNAME", where "BUILDNAME" is
  the name of the build.

## Parallels Tools
After the virtual machine is up and the operating system is installed, Packer
uploads the Parallels Tools into the virtual machine. The path where they are
uploaded is controllable by `parallels_tools_path`, and defaults to
"prl-tools.iso". Without an absolute path, it is uploaded to the home directory
of the SSH user. Parallels Tools ISO's can be found in:
"/Applications/Parallels Desktop.app/Contents/Resources/Tools/"

## Boot Command

The `boot_command` specifies the keys to type when the virtual machine is first booted. This command is typed after `boot_wait`.

As documented above, the `boot_command` is an array of strings. The
strings are all typed in sequence. It is an array only to improve readability
within the template.

The boot command is "typed" character for character (using the Parallels
Virtualization SDK, see [Parallels Builder](/docs/builders/parallels.html))
simulating a human actually typing the keyboard. There are a set of special
keys available. If these are in your boot command, they will be replaced by
the proper key:

* `<bs>` - Backspace

* `<del>` - Delete

* `<enter>` and `<return>` - Simulates an actual "enter" or "return" keypress.

* `<esc>` - Simulates pressing the escape key.

* `<tab>` - Simulates pressing the tab key.

* `<f1>` - `<f12>` - Simulates pressing a function key.

* `<up>` `<down>` `<left>` `<right>` - Simulates pressing an arrow key.

* `<spacebar>` - Simulates pressing the spacebar.

* `<insert>` - Simulates pressing the insert key.

* `<home>` `<end>` - Simulates pressing the home and end keys.

* `<pageUp>` `<pageDown>` - Simulates pressing the page up and page down keys.

* `<wait>` `<wait5>` `<wait10>` - Adds a 1, 5 or 10 second pause before sending any additional keys. This
  is useful if you have to generally wait for the UI to update before typing more.

In addition to the special keys, each command to type is treated as a
[configuration template](/docs/templates/configuration-templates.html).
The available variables are:

## prlctl Commands
In order to perform extra customization of the virtual machine, a template can
define extra calls to `prlctl` to perform.
[prlctl](http://download.parallels.com/desktop/v9/ga/docs/en_US/Parallels%20Command%20Line%20Reference%20Guide.pdf)
is the command-line interface to Parallels Desktop. It can be used to configure
the virtual machine, such as set RAM, CPUs, etc.

Extra `prlctl` commands are defined in the template in the `prlctl` section.
An example is shown below that sets the memory and number of CPUs within the
virtual machine:

```javascript
{
  "prlctl": [
    ["set", "{{.Name}}", "--memsize", "1024"],
    ["set", "{{.Name}}", "--cpus", "2"]
  ]
}
```

The value of `prlctl` is an array of commands to execute. These commands are
executed in the order defined. So in the above example, the memory will be set
followed by the CPUs.

Each command itself is an array of strings, where each string is an argument to
`prlctl`. Each argument is treated as a
[configuration template](/docs/templates/configuration-templates.html). The only
available variable is `Name` which is replaced with the unique name of the VM,
which is required for many `prlctl` calls.