Hyper-V ISO: Fix long lines
This commit is contained in:
DanHam
parent
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@ -13,19 +13,20 @@ sidebar_current: 'docs-builders-hyperv-iso'
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Type: `hyperv-iso`
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The Hyper-V Packer builder is able to create [Hyper-V](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/server-cloud/solutions/virtualization.aspx)
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The Hyper-V Packer builder is able to create
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[Hyper-V](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/server-cloud/solutions/virtualization.aspx)
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virtual machines and export them, starting from an ISO image.
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The builder builds a virtual machine by creating a new virtual machine
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from scratch, booting it, installing an OS, provisioning software within
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the OS, then shutting it down. The result of the Hyper-V builder is a directory
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The builder builds a virtual machine by creating a new virtual machine from
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scratch, booting it, installing an OS, provisioning software within the OS,
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then shutting it down. The result of the Hyper-V builder is a directory
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containing all the files necessary to run the virtual machine portably.
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## Basic Example
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Here is a basic example. This example is not functional. It will start the
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OS installer but then fail because we don't provide the preseed file for
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Ubuntu to self-install. Still, the example serves to show the basic configuration:
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Here is a basic example. This example is not functional. It will start the OS
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installer but then fail because we don't provide the preseed file for Ubuntu
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to self-install. Still, the example serves to show the basic configuration:
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``` json
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{
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@ -45,13 +46,13 @@ provisioner might not be saved.
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## Configuration Reference
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There are many configuration options available for the Hyper-V builder.
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They are organized below into two categories: required and optional. Within
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each category, the available options are alphabetized and described.
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There are many configuration options available for the Hyper-V builder. They
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are organized below into two categories: required and optional. Within each
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category, the available options are alphabetized and described.
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In addition to the options listed here, a
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[communicator](/docs/templates/communicator.html)
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can be configured for this builder.
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[communicator](/docs/templates/communicator.html) can be configured for this
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builder.
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### Required:
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@ -64,85 +65,93 @@ can be configured for this builder.
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- `iso_checksum_type` (string) - The type of the checksum specified in
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`iso_checksum`. Valid values are "none", "md5", "sha1", "sha256", or
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"sha512" currently. While "none" will skip checksumming, this is not
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recommended since ISO files and virtual harddrive files are generally large
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and corruption does happen from time to time.
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recommended since ISO files and virtual harddrive files are generally
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large and corruption does happen from time to time.
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- `iso_url` (string) - A URL to the ISO containing the installation image or
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virtual harddrive vhd or vhdx file to clone. This URL can be either an HTTP
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URL or a file URL (or path to a file). If this is an HTTP URL, Packer will
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download the file and cache it between runs.
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virtual harddrive vhd or vhdx file to clone. This URL can be either an
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HTTP URL or a file URL (or path to a file). If this is an HTTP URL, Packer
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will download the file and cache it between runs.
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### Optional:
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- `boot_command` (array of strings) - This is an array of commands to type
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when the virtual machine is first booted. The goal of these commands should
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be to type just enough to initialize the operating system installer. Special
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keys can be typed as well, and are covered in the section below on the boot
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command. If this is not specified, it is assumed the installer will start
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itself.
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when the virtual machine is first booted. The goal of these commands
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should be to type just enough to initialize the operating system
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installer. Special keys can be typed as well, and are covered in the
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section below on the boot command. If this is not specified, it is assumed
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the installer will start itself.
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- `boot_wait` (string) - The time to wait after booting the initial virtual
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machine before typing the `boot_command`. The value of this should be
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a duration. Examples are "5s" and "1m30s" which will cause Packer to wait
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five seconds and one minute 30 seconds, respectively. If this isn't specified,
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the default is 10 seconds.
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machine before typing the `boot_command`. The value of this should be a
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duration. Examples are "5s" and "1m30s" which will cause Packer to wait
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five seconds and one minute 30 seconds, respectively. If this isn't
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specified, the default is 10 seconds.
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- `cpu` (number) - The number of cpus the virtual machine should use. If this isn't specified,
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the default is 1 cpu.
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- `cpu` (number) - The number of cpus the virtual machine should use. If
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this isn't specified, the default is 1 cpu.
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- `disk_additional_size` (array of integers) - The size(s) of any additional
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hard disks for the VM in megabytes. If this is not specified then the VM
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will only contain a primary hard disk. Additional drives will be attached to the SCSI
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interface only. The builder uses expandable, not fixed-size virtual hard disks,
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so the actual file representing the disk will not use the full size unless it is full.
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will only contain a primary hard disk. Additional drives will be attached
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to the SCSI interface only. The builder uses expandable, not fixed-size
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virtual hard disks, so the actual file representing the disk will not use
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the full size unless it is full.
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- `disk_size` (number) - The size, in megabytes, of the hard disk to create
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for the VM. By default, this is 40 GB.
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- `differencing_disk` (boolean) - If true enables differencing disks. Only the changes will be written to the new disk. This is especially useful if your
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source is a vhd/vhdx. This defaults to false.
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- `differencing_disk` (boolean) - If true enables differencing disks. Only
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the changes will be written to the new disk. This is especially useful if
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your source is a vhd/vhdx. This defaults to false.
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- `headless` (boolean) - Packer defaults to building Hyper-V virtual
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machines by launching a GUI that shows the console of the machine
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being built. When this value is set to true, the machine will start without
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a console.
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machines by launching a GUI that shows the console of the machine being
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built. When this value is set to true, the machine will start without a
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console.
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- `skip_export` (boolean) - If true skips VM export. If you are interested only in the vhd/vhdx files, you can enable this option. This will create
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inline disks which improves the build performance. There will not be any copying of source vhds to temp directory. This defaults to false.
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- `skip_export` (boolean) - If true skips VM export. If you are interested
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only in the vhd/vhdx files, you can enable this option. This will create
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inline disks which improves the build performance. There will not be any
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copying of source vhds to temp directory. This defaults to false.
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- `enable_dynamic_memory` (boolean) - If true enable dynamic memory for virtual machine.
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This defaults to false.
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- `enable_dynamic_memory` (boolean) - If true enable dynamic memory for
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virtual machine. This defaults to false.
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- `enable_mac_spoofing` (boolean) - If true enable mac spoofing for virtual machine.
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This defaults to false.
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- `enable_mac_spoofing` (boolean) - If true enable mac spoofing for virtual
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machine. This defaults to false.
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- `enable_secure_boot` (boolean) - If true enable secure boot for virtual machine. This defaults to false.
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- `enable_secure_boot` (boolean) - If true enable secure boot for virtual
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machine. This defaults to false.
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- `secure_boot_template` (string) - The secure boot template to be configured. Valid values are "MicrosoftWindows" (Windows) or
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"MicrosoftUEFICertificateAuthority" (Linux). This only takes effect if enable_secure_boot is set to "true". This defaults to "MicrosoftWindows".
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- `secure_boot_template` (string) - The secure boot template to be
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configured. Valid values are "MicrosoftWindows" (Windows) or
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"MicrosoftUEFICertificateAuthority" (Linux). This only takes effect if
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enable_secure_boot is set to "true". This defaults to "MicrosoftWindows".
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- `enable_virtualization_extensions` (boolean) - If true enable virtualization extensions for virtual machine.
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This defaults to false. For nested virtualization you need to enable mac spoofing, disable dynamic memory
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and have at least 4GB of RAM for virtual machine.
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- `enable_virtualization_extensions` (boolean) - If true enable
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virtualization extensions for virtual machine. This defaults to false.
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For nested virtualization you need to enable mac spoofing, disable dynamic
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memory and have at least 4GB of RAM for virtual machine.
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- `floppy_files` (array of strings) - A list of files to place onto a floppy
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disk that is attached when the VM is booted. This is most useful
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for unattended Windows installs, which look for an `Autounattend.xml` file
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on removable media. By default, no floppy will be attached. All files
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listed in this setting get placed into the root directory of the floppy
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and the floppy is attached as the first floppy device. Currently, no
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support exists for creating sub-directories on the floppy. Wildcard
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characters (`*`, `?`, and `[]`) are allowed. Directory names are also allowed,
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which will add all the files found in the directory to the floppy.
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disk that is attached when the VM is booted. This is most useful for
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unattended Windows installs, which look for an `Autounattend.xml` file on
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removable media. By default, no floppy will be attached. All files listed
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in this setting get placed into the root directory of the floppy and the
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floppy is attached as the first floppy device. Currently, no support
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exists for creating sub-directories on the floppy. Wildcard characters
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(`*`, `?`, and `[]`) are allowed. Directory names are also allowed, which
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will add all the files found in the directory to the floppy.
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- `floppy_dirs` (array of strings) - A list of directories to place onto
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the floppy disk recursively. This is similar to the `floppy_files` option
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except that the directory structure is preserved. This is useful for when
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your floppy disk includes drivers or if you just want to organize it's
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contents as a hierarchy. Wildcard characters (\*, ?, and \[\]) are allowed.
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The maximum summary size of all files in the listed directories are the
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same as in `floppy_files`.
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contents as a hierarchy. Wildcard characters (\*, ?, and \[\]) are
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allowed. The maximum summary size of all files in the listed directories
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are the same as in `floppy_files`.
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- `generation` (number) - The Hyper-V generation for the virtual machine. By
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default, this is 1. Generation 2 Hyper-V virtual machines do not support
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@ -150,10 +159,11 @@ can be configured for this builder.
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drives and dvd drives will also be scsi and not ide.
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- `guest_additions_mode` (string) - How should guest additions be installed.
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If value `attach` then attach iso image with by specified by `guest_additions_path`.
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Otherwise guest additions is not installed.
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If value `attach` then attach iso image with by specified by
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`guest_additions_path`. Otherwise guest additions is not installed.
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- `guest_additions_path` (string) - The path to the iso image for guest additions.
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- `guest_additions_path` (string) - The path to the iso image for guest
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additions.
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- `http_directory` (string) - Path to a directory to serve using an HTTP
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server. The files in this directory will be available over HTTP that will
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@ -164,17 +174,19 @@ can be configured for this builder.
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below.
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- `http_port_min` and `http_port_max` (number) - These are the minimum and
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maximum port to use for the HTTP server started to serve the `http_directory`.
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Because Packer often runs in parallel, Packer will choose a randomly available
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port in this range to run the HTTP server. If you want to force the HTTP
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server to be on one port, make this minimum and maximum port the same.
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By default the values are 8000 and 9000, respectively.
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maximum port to use for the HTTP server started to serve the
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`http_directory`. Because Packer often runs in parallel, Packer will
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choose a randomly available port in this range to run the HTTP server. If
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you want to force the HTTP server to be on one port, make this minimum and
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maximum port the same. By default the values are 8000 and 9000,
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respectively.
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- `iso_urls` (array of strings) - Multiple URLs for the ISO to download.
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Packer will try these in order. If anything goes wrong attempting to download
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or while downloading a single URL, it will move on to the next. All URLs
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must point to the same file (same checksum). By default this is empty
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and `iso_url` is used. Only one of `iso_url` or `iso_urls` can be specified.
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Packer will try these in order. If anything goes wrong attempting to
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download or while downloading a single URL, it will move on to the next.
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All URLs must point to the same file (same checksum). By default this is
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empty and `iso_url` is used. Only one of `iso_url` or `iso_urls` can be
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specified.
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- `iso_target_extension` (string) - The extension of the iso file after
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download. This defaults to "iso".
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@ -184,89 +196,96 @@ can be configured for this builder.
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original filename as its name.
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- `output_directory` (string) - This is the path to the directory where the
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resulting virtual machine will be created. This may be relative or absolute.
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If relative, the path is relative to the working directory when `packer`
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is executed. This directory must not exist or be empty prior to running the builder.
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By default this is "output-BUILDNAME" where "BUILDNAME" is the name
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of the build.
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resulting virtual machine will be created. This may be relative or
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absolute. If relative, the path is relative to the working directory when
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`packer` is executed. This directory must not exist or be empty prior to
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running the builder. By default this is "output-BUILDNAME" where
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"BUILDNAME" is the name of the build.
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- `ram_size` (number) - The size, in megabytes, of the ram to create
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for the VM. By default, this is 1 GB.
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- `ram_size` (number) - The size, in megabytes, of the ram to create for the
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VM. By default, this is 1 GB.
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- `secondary_iso_images` (array of strings) - A list of iso paths to attached to a
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VM when it is booted. This is most useful for unattended Windows installs, which
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look for an `Autounattend.xml` file on removable media. By default, no
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secondary iso will be attached.
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- `secondary_iso_images` (array of strings) - A list of iso paths to
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attached to a VM when it is booted. This is most useful for unattended
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Windows installs, which look for an `Autounattend.xml` file on removable
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media. By default, no secondary iso will be attached.
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- `shutdown_command` (string) - The command to use to gracefully shut down the machine once all
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the provisioning is done. By default this is an empty string, which tells Packer to just
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forcefully shut down the machine unless a shutdown command takes place inside script so this may
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safely be omitted. If one or more scripts require a reboot it is suggested to leave this blank
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since reboots may fail and specify the final shutdown command in your last script.
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- `shutdown_command` (string) - The command to use to gracefully shut down
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the machine once all the provisioning is done. By default this is an empty
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string, which tells Packer to just forcefully shut down the machine unless
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a shutdown command takes place inside script so this may safely be
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omitted. If one or more scripts require a reboot it is suggested to leave
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this blank since reboots may fail and specify the final shutdown command
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in your last script.
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- `shutdown_timeout` (string) - The amount of time to wait after executing
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the `shutdown_command` for the virtual machine to actually shut down.
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If it doesn't shut down in this time, it is an error. By default, the timeout
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the `shutdown_command` for the virtual machine to actually shut down. If
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it doesn't shut down in this time, it is an error. By default, the timeout
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is "5m", or five minutes.
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- `skip_compaction` (boolean) - If true skip compacting the hard disk for virtual machine when
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exporting. This defaults to false.
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- `skip_compaction` (boolean) - If true skip compacting the hard disk for
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virtual machine when exporting. This defaults to false.
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- `switch_name` (string) - The name of the switch to connect the virtual machine to. Be defaulting
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this to an empty string, Packer will try to determine the switch to use by looking for
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external switch that is up and running.
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- `switch_name` (string) - The name of the switch to connect the virtual
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machine to. Be defaulting this to an empty string, Packer will try to
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determine the switch to use by looking for external switch that is up and
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running.
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- `switch_vlan_id` (string) - This is the vlan of the virtual switch's network card.
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By default none is set. If none is set then a vlan is not set on the switch's network card.
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If this value is set it should match the vlan specified in by `vlan_id`.
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- `switch_vlan_id` (string) - This is the vlan of the virtual switch's
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network card. By default none is set. If none is set then a vlan is not
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set on the switch's network card. If this value is set it should match
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the vlan specified in by `vlan_id`.
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- `use_fixed_vhd_format` (boolean) - If true, creates the boot disk on the virtual machine as
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a fixed VHD format disk. The default is false, which creates a dynamic VHDX format disk. This
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option requires setting `generation` to 1, `skip_compaction` to true, and `differencing_disk` to false.
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Additionally, any value entered for `disk_block_size` will be ignored. The most likely use case for this
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option is outputing a disk that is in the format required for upload to Azure.
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- `use_fixed_vhd_format` (boolean) - If true, creates the boot disk on the
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virtual machine as a fixed VHD format disk. The default is false, which
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creates a dynamic VHDX format disk. This option requires setting
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`generation` to 1, `skip_compaction` to true, and `differencing_disk` to
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false. Additionally, any value entered for `disk_block_size` will be
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ignored. The most likely use case for this option is outputing a disk that
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is in the format required for upload to Azure.
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- `vhd_temp_path` (string) - A separate path to be used for storing the VM's
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disk image. The purpose is to enable reading and writing to take place on
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different physical disks (read from VHD temp path, write to regular temp
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path while exporting the VM) to eliminate a single-disk bottleneck.
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- `vlan_id` (string) - This is the vlan of the virtual machine's network card
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for the new virtual machine. By default none is set. If none is set then
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vlans are not set on the virtual machine's network card.
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- `vlan_id` (string) - This is the vlan of the virtual machine's network
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card for the new virtual machine. By default none is set. If none is set
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then vlans are not set on the virtual machine's network card.
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- `mac_address` (string) - This allows a specific MAC address to be used on the
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default virtual network card. The MAC address must be a string with no
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delimiters, for example "0000deadbeef".
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- `mac_address` (string) - This allows a specific MAC address to be used on
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the default virtual network card. The MAC address must be a string with
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no delimiters, for example "0000deadbeef".
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- `vm_name` (string) - This is the name of the virtual machine for the new virtual
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machine, without the file extension. By default this is "packer-BUILDNAME",
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where "BUILDNAME" is the name of the build.
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- `vm_name` (string) - This is the name of the virtual machine for the new
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virtual machine, without the file extension. By default this is
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"packer-BUILDNAME", where "BUILDNAME" is the name of the build.
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- `temp_path` (string) - This is the temporary path in which Packer will create the virtual
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machine. Default value is system `%temp%`
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- `temp_path` (string) - This is the temporary path in which Packer will
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create the virtual machine. Default value is system `%temp%`
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- `disk_block_size` (string) - The block size of the VHD to be created.
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Recommended disk block size for Linux hyper-v guests is 1 MiB. This defaults to "32 MiB".
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- `disk_block_size` (string) - The block size of the VHD to be created.
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Recommended disk block size for Linux hyper-v guests is 1 MiB. This
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defaults to "32 MiB".
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## Boot Command
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The `boot_command` configuration is very important: it specifies the keys
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to type when the virtual machine is first booted in order to start the
|
||||
OS installer. This command is typed after `boot_wait`, which gives the
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||||
virtual machine some time to actually load the ISO.
|
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The `boot_command` configuration is very important: it specifies the keys to
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type when the virtual machine is first booted in order to start the OS
|
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installer. This command is typed after `boot_wait`, which gives the virtual
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machine some time to actually load the ISO.
|
||||
|
||||
As documented above, the `boot_command` is an array of strings. The
|
||||
strings are all typed in sequence. It is an array only to improve readability
|
||||
within the template.
|
||||
As documented above, the `boot_command` is an array of strings. The strings
|
||||
are all typed in sequence. It is an array only to improve readability within
|
||||
the template.
|
||||
|
||||
The boot command is "typed" character for character over the virtual keyboard
|
||||
to the machine, simulating a human actually typing the keyboard.
|
||||
|
||||
<%= partial "partials/builders/boot-command" %>
|
||||
|
||||
Example boot command. This is actually a working boot command used to start
|
||||
an Ubuntu 12.04 installer:
|
||||
Example boot command. This is actually a working boot command used to start an
|
||||
Ubuntu 12.04 installer:
|
||||
|
||||
``` json
|
||||
[
|
||||
|
|
@ -292,18 +311,22 @@ for the version of Hyper-V that is running.
|
|||
|
||||
## Generation 1 vs Generation 2
|
||||
|
||||
Floppy drives are no longer supported by generation 2 machines. This requires you to
|
||||
take another approach when dealing with preseed or answer files. Two possible options
|
||||
are using virtual dvd drives or using the built in web server.
|
||||
Floppy drives are no longer supported by generation 2 machines. This requires
|
||||
you to take another approach when dealing with preseed or answer files. Two
|
||||
possible options are using virtual dvd drives or using the built in web
|
||||
server.
|
||||
|
||||
When dealing with Windows you need to enable UEFI drives for generation 2 virtual machines.
|
||||
When dealing with Windows you need to enable UEFI drives for generation 2
|
||||
virtual machines.
|
||||
|
||||
## Creating iso from directory
|
||||
|
||||
Programs like mkisofs can be used to create an iso from a directory.
|
||||
There is a [windows version of mkisofs](http://opensourcepack.blogspot.co.uk/p/cdrtools.html).
|
||||
Programs like mkisofs can be used to create an iso from a directory. There is
|
||||
a [windows version of
|
||||
mkisofs](http://opensourcepack.blogspot.co.uk/p/cdrtools.html).
|
||||
|
||||
Example powershell script. This is an actually working powershell script used to create a Windows answer iso:
|
||||
Example powershell script. This is an actually working powershell script used
|
||||
to create a Windows answer iso:
|
||||
|
||||
``` powershell
|
||||
$isoFolder = "answer-iso"
|
||||
|
|
@ -866,8 +889,8 @@ Finish proxy after sysprep -->
|
|||
|
||||
## Example For Ubuntu Vivid Generation 2
|
||||
|
||||
If you are running Windows under virtualization, you may need to create
|
||||
a virtual switch with an `External` connection type.
|
||||
If you are running Windows under virtualization, you may need to create a
|
||||
virtual switch with an `External` connection type.
|
||||
|
||||
### Packer config:
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue