add two more examples to the getting-started documentation, including a windows example.
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Megan Marsh
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@ -12,9 +12,7 @@ description: |-
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# Build an Image
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With Packer installed, let's just dive right into it and build our first image.
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Our first image will be an [Amazon EC2 AMI](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/) with
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Redis pre-installed. This is just an example. Packer can create images for [many
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platforms][platforms] with anything pre-installed.
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Our first image will be an [Amazon EC2 AMI](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/) This is just an example. Packer can create images for [many platforms][platforms].
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If you don't have an AWS account, [create one now](https://aws.amazon.com/free/).
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For the example, we'll use a "t2.micro" instance to build our image, which
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@ -200,4 +198,273 @@ image was pretty useless in this case (nothing was changed about it), this page
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should've given you a general idea of how Packer works, what templates are and
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how to validate and build templates into machine images.
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## Some more examples:
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### Another Linux Example, with provisioners:
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Create a file named `welcome.txt` and add the following:
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```
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WELCOME TO PACKER!
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```
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Create a file named `example.sh` and add the following:
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```
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#!/bin/bash
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echo "hello
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```
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Set your access key and id as environment variables, so we don't need to pass them in through the command line:
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```
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export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=MYACCESSKEYID
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export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=MYSECRETACCESSKEY
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```
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Now save the following text in a file named `firstrun.json`:
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```
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{
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"variables": {
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"aws_access_key": "{{env `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID`}}",
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"aws_secret_key": "{{env `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`}}",
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"region": "us-east-1"
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},
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"builders": [
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{
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"access_key": "{{user `aws_access_key`}}",
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"ami_name": "packer-linux-aws-demo-{{timestamp}}",
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"instance_type": "t2.micro",
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"region": "us-east-1",
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"secret_key": "{{user `aws_secret_key`}}",
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"source_ami": "ami-fce3c696",
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"ssh_username": "ubuntu",
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"type": "amazon-ebs"
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}
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],
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"provisioners": [
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{
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"type": "file",
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"source": "./welcome.txt",
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"destination": "/home/ubuntu/"
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},
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{
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"type": "shell",
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"inline":["ls -al /home/ubuntu",
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"cat /home/ubuntu/welcome.txt"]
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},
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{
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"type": "shell",
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"script": "./example.sh"
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}
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]
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}
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```
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and to build, run `packer build firstrun.json`
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Note that this example provides a `source_ami` instead of a `source_ami_filter` -- this means the example may be out of date by the time you try to use it, but it is provided here so you can see what it looks like to use an ami by name.
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Your output will look like this:
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```
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amazon-ebs output will be in this color.
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==> amazon-ebs: Prevalidating AMI Name: packer-linux-aws-demo-1507231105
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amazon-ebs: Found Image ID: ami-fce3c696
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==> amazon-ebs: Creating temporary keypair: packer_59d68581-e3e6-eb35-4ae3-c98d55cfa04f
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==> amazon-ebs: Creating temporary security group for this instance: packer_59d68584-cf8a-d0af-ad82-e058593945ea
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==> amazon-ebs: Authorizing access to port 22 on the temporary security group...
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==> amazon-ebs: Launching a source AWS instance...
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==> amazon-ebs: Adding tags to source instance
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amazon-ebs: Adding tag: "Name": "Packer Builder"
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amazon-ebs: Instance ID: i-013e8fb2ced4d714c
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==> amazon-ebs: Waiting for instance (i-013e8fb2ced4d714c) to become ready...
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==> amazon-ebs: Waiting for SSH to become available...
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==> amazon-ebs: Connected to SSH!
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==> amazon-ebs: Uploading ./scripts/welcome.txt => /home/ubuntu/
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==> amazon-ebs: Provisioning with shell script: /var/folders/8t/0yb5q0_x6mb2jldqq_vjn3lr0000gn/T/packer-shell661094204
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amazon-ebs: total 32
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amazon-ebs: drwxr-xr-x 4 ubuntu ubuntu 4096 Oct 5 19:19 .
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amazon-ebs: drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Oct 5 19:19 ..
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amazon-ebs: -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 220 Apr 9 2014 .bash_logout
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amazon-ebs: -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 3637 Apr 9 2014 .bashrc
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amazon-ebs: drwx------ 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4096 Oct 5 19:19 .cache
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amazon-ebs: -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 675 Apr 9 2014 .profile
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amazon-ebs: drwx------ 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4096 Oct 5 19:19 .ssh
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amazon-ebs: -rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 18 Oct 5 19:19 welcome.txt
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amazon-ebs: WELCOME TO PACKER!
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==> amazon-ebs: Provisioning with shell script: ./example.sh
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amazon-ebs: hello
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==> amazon-ebs: Stopping the source instance...
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amazon-ebs: Stopping instance, attempt 1
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==> amazon-ebs: Waiting for the instance to stop...
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==> amazon-ebs: Creating the AMI: packer-linux-aws-demo-1507231105
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amazon-ebs: AMI: ami-f76ea98d
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==> amazon-ebs: Waiting for AMI to become ready...
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```
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### A windows example
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Note that this uses a larger instance. You will be charged for it.
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You'll need to have a boostrapping file to enable ssh or winrm; here's a basic example of that file.
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```
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<powershell>
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# set administrator password
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net user Administrator SuperS3cr3t!
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wmic useraccount where "name='Administrator'" set PasswordExpires=FALSE
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# First, make sure WinRM doesn't run and can't be connected to
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netsh advfirewall firewall add rule name="WinRM" protocol=TCP dir=in localport=5985 action=block
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net stop winrm
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# turn off PowerShell execution policy restrictions
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Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope LocalMachine
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# configure WinRM
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winrm quickconfig -q
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winrm set winrm/config/winrs '@{MaxMemoryPerShellMB="0"}'
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winrm set winrm/config '@{MaxTimeoutms="7200000"}'
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winrm set winrm/config/service '@{AllowUnencrypted="true"}'
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winrm set winrm/config/service '@{MaxConcurrentOperationsPerUser="12000"}'
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winrm set winrm/config/service/auth '@{Basic="true"}'
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winrm set winrm/config/client/auth '@{Basic="true"}'
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net stop winrm
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set-service winrm -startupType automatic
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# Finally, allow WinRM connections and start the service
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netsh advfirewall firewall set rule name="WinRM" new action=allow
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net start winrm
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</powershell>
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```
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Save the above code in a file named `bootstrap_win.txt`.
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The example config below shows the two different ways of using the powershell provisioner: `inline` and `script`.
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The first example, `inline`, allows you to provide short snippets of code, and will create the script file for you. The second example allows you to run more complex code by providing the path to a script to run on the guest vm.
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Here's an example of a `sample_script.ps1` that will work with the environment variables we will set in our packer config; copy the contents into your own `sample_script.ps1` and provide the path to it in your packer config:
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```
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Write-Output("PACKER_BUILD_NAME is automatically set for you, or you can set it in your builder variables; the default for this builder is: " + $Env:PACKER_BUILD_NAME )
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Write-Output("Remember that escaping variables in powershell requires backticks; for example VAR1 from our config is " + $Env:VAR1 )
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Write-Output("Likewise, VAR2 is " + $Env:VAR2 )
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Write-Output("and VAR3 is " + $Env:VAR3 )
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```
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Next you need to create a packer config that will use this bootstrap file. See the example below, which contains examples of using source_ami_filter for windows in addition to the powershell and windows-restart provisioners:
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```
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{
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"variables": {
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"aws_access_key": "{{env `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID`}}",
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"aws_secret_key": "{{env `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`}}",
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"region": "us-east-1"
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},
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"builders": [
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{
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"type": "amazon-ebs",
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"access_key": "{{ user `aws_access_key` }}",
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"secret_key": "{{ user `aws_secret_key` }}",
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"region": "us-east-1",
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"instance_type": "m3.medium",
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"source_ami_filter": {
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"filters": {
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"virtualization-type": "hvm",
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"name": "*WindowsServer2012R2*",
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"root-device-type": "ebs"
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},
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"most_recent": true,
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"owners": "amazon"
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},
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"ami_name": "packer-demo-{{timestamp}}",
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"user_data_file": "./bootstrap_win.txt",
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"communicator": "winrm",
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"winrm_username": "Administrator",
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"winrm_password": "SuperS3cr3t!"
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}],
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"provisioners": [
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{
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"type": "powershell",
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"environment_vars": ["DEVOPS_LIFE_IMPROVER=PACKER"],
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"inline": "Write-Output(\"HELLO NEW USER; WELCOME TO $Env:DEVOPS_LIFE_IMPROVER\")"
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},
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{
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"type": "windows-restart"
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},
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{
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"script": "./sample_script.ps1",
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"type": "powershell",
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"environment_vars": [
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"VAR1=A`$Dollar",
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"VAR2=A``Backtick",
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"VAR3=A`'SingleQuote"
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]
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}
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]
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}
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```
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Then `packer build firstrun.json`
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You should see output like this:
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```
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amazon-ebs output will be in this color.
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==> amazon-ebs: Prevalidating AMI Name: packer-demo-1507234504
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amazon-ebs: Found Image ID: ami-d79776ad
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==> amazon-ebs: Creating temporary keypair: packer_59d692c8-81f9-6a15-2502-0ca730980bed
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==> amazon-ebs: Creating temporary security group for this instance: packer_59d692f0-dd01-6879-d8f8-7765327f5365
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==> amazon-ebs: Authorizing access to port 5985 on the temporary security group...
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==> amazon-ebs: Launching a source AWS instance...
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==> amazon-ebs: Adding tags to source instance
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amazon-ebs: Adding tag: "Name": "Packer Builder"
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amazon-ebs: Instance ID: i-04467596029d0a2ff
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==> amazon-ebs: Waiting for instance (i-04467596029d0a2ff) to become ready...
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==> amazon-ebs: Skipping waiting for password since WinRM password set...
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==> amazon-ebs: Waiting for WinRM to become available...
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amazon-ebs: WinRM connected.
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==> amazon-ebs: Connected to WinRM!
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==> amazon-ebs: Provisioning with Powershell...
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==> amazon-ebs: Provisioning with powershell script: /var/folders/8t/0yb5q0_x6mb2jldqq_vjn3lr0000gn/T/packer-powershell-provisioner079851514
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amazon-ebs: HELLO NEW USER; WELCOME TO PACKER
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==> amazon-ebs: Restarting Machine
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==> amazon-ebs: Waiting for machine to restart...
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amazon-ebs: WIN-164614OO21O restarted.
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==> amazon-ebs: Machine successfully restarted, moving on
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==> amazon-ebs: Provisioning with Powershell...
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==> amazon-ebs: Provisioning with powershell script: ./scripts/sample_script.ps1
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amazon-ebs: PACKER_BUILD_NAME is automatically set for you, or you can set it in your builder variables; the default for this builder is: amazon-ebs
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amazon-ebs: Remember that escaping variables in powershell requires backticks; for example VAR1 from our config is A$Dollar
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amazon-ebs: Likewise, VAR2 is A`Backtick
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amazon-ebs: and VAR3 is A'SingleQuote
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==> amazon-ebs: Stopping the source instance...
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amazon-ebs: Stopping instance, attempt 1
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==> amazon-ebs: Waiting for the instance to stop...
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==> amazon-ebs: Creating the AMI: packer-demo-1507234504
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amazon-ebs: AMI: ami-2970b753
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==> amazon-ebs: Waiting for AMI to become ready...
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==> amazon-ebs: Terminating the source AWS instance...
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==> amazon-ebs: Cleaning up any extra volumes...
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==> amazon-ebs: No volumes to clean up, skipping
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==> amazon-ebs: Deleting temporary security group...
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==> amazon-ebs: Deleting temporary keypair...
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Build 'amazon-ebs' finished.
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==> Builds finished. The artifacts of successful builds are:
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--> amazon-ebs: AMIs were created:
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us-east-1: ami-2970b753
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```
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And if you navigate to your EC2 dashboard you should see your shiny new AMI.
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##FAQs:
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####Where did you get the windows source AMI from?
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If you click the "AMIs" option under "Images" on the lefthand side of your EC2 dashboard, you'll get a view of all of you AMIs. There is a toggle in the filter bar that allows you to switch from "Owned by me" to "Public Images". From there, you can apply filters like `Owner : Amazon images` and `Platform : Windows` and do a keyword search for the particular flavor of windows you're interested in.
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[platforms]: /docs/builders/index.html
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