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Document the virtualbox-ovf builder using partials

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Adrien Delorme 2019-06-19 17:37:52 +02:00
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website/source/docs/builders/virtualbox-ovf.html.md.erb
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@ -54,256 +54,73 @@ provisioner might not be saved.
## Configuration Reference
There are many configuration options available for the VirtualBox builder. They
are organized below into two categories: required and optional. Within each
category, the available options are alphabetized and described.
In addition to the options listed here, a
[communicator](/docs/templates/communicator.html) can be configured for this
builder.
There are many configuration options available for the builder. In addition to
the items listed here, you will want to look at the general configuration
references for [ISO](#iso-configuration),
[HTTP](#http-directory-configuration),
[Floppy](#floppy-configuration),
[Export](#export-configuration),
[Boot](#boot-configuration),
[Shutdown](#shutdown-configuration),
[Run](#run-configuration),
[Communicator](#communicator-configuration)
configuration references, which are
necessary for this build to succeed and can be found further down the page.
### Required:
- `source_path` (string) - The path to an OVF or OVA file that acts as the
source of this build. This currently must be a local file.
<%= partial "partials/builder/virtualbox/ovf/Config-required" %>
- `checksum` (string) - The checksum for the `source_path` file. The
algorithm to use when computing the checksum can be optionally specified
with `checksum_type`. When `checksum_type` is not set packer will guess the
checksumming type based on `checksum` length. `checksum` can be also be a
file or an URL, in which case `checksum_type` must be set to `file`; the
go-getter will download it and use the first hash found.
#### Optional:
### Optional:
<%= partial "partials/builder/virtualbox/ovf/Config-not-required" %>
<%= partial "partials/builder/virtualbox/common/VBoxVersionConfig-not-required" %>
<%= partial "partials/builder/virtualbox/common/GuestAdditionsConfig-not-required" %>
- `boot_command` (array of strings) - This is an array of commands to type
when the virtual machine is first booted. The goal of these commands should
be to type just enough to initialize the operating system installer. Special
keys can be typed as well, and are covered in the section below on the
boot command. If this is not specified, it is assumed the installer will
start itself.
### Http directory configuration
- `boot_wait` (string) - The time to wait after booting the initial virtual
machine before typing the `boot_command`. The value of this should be
a duration. Examples are `5s` and `1m30s` which will cause Packer to wait
five seconds and one minute 30 seconds, respectively. If this isn't
specified, the default is `10s` or 10 seconds.
<%= partial "partials/common/HTTPConfig" %>
#### Optional:
- `checksum_type` (string) - The type of the checksum specified in `checksum`.
Valid values are `none`, `md5`, `sha1`, `sha256`, or `sha512`. Although the
checksum will not be verified when `checksum_type` is set to "none", this is
not recommended since OVA files can be very large and corruption does happen
from time to time.
<%= partial "partials/common/HTTPConfig-not-required" %>
- `export_opts` (array of strings) - Additional options to pass to the
[VBoxManage
export](https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch09.html#vboxmanage-export). This
can be useful for passing product information to include in the resulting
appliance file. Packer JSON configuration file example:
### Floppy configuration
``` json
{
"type": "virtualbox-ovf",
"export_opts":
[
"--manifest",
"--vsys", "0",
"--description", "{{user `vm_description`}}",
"--version", "{{user `vm_version`}}"
],
"format": "ova",
}
```
<%= partial "partials/common/FloppyConfig" %>
A VirtualBox [VM
description](https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/ch09.html#vboxmanage-export-ovf)
may contain arbitrary strings; the GUI interprets HTML formatting. However,
the JSON format does not allow arbitrary newlines within a value. Add a
multi-line description by preparing the string in the shell before the
packer call like this (shell `>` continuation character snipped for easier
copy & paste):
#### Optional:
``` {.shell}
<%= partial "partials/common/FloppyConfig-not-required" %>
vm_description='some
multiline
description'
### Export configuration
vm_version='0.2.0'
#### Optional:
packer build \
-var "vm_description=${vm_description}" \
-var "vm_version=${vm_version}" \
"packer_conf.json"
```
<%= partial "partials/builder/virtualbox/common/ExportConfig-not-required" %>
- `floppy_dirs` (array of strings) - A list of directories to place onto the
floppy disk recursively. This is similar to the `floppy_files` option except
that the directory structure is preserved. This is useful for when your
floppy disk includes drivers or if you just want to organize it's contents
as a hierarchy. Wildcard characters (\*, ?, and \[\]) are allowed.
### Output configuration
- `floppy_files` (array of strings) - A list of files to place onto a floppy
disk that is attached when the VM is booted. This is most useful for
unattended Windows installs, which look for an `Autounattend.xml` file on
removable media. By default, no floppy will be attached. All files listed in
this setting get placed into the root directory of the floppy and the floppy
is attached as the first floppy device. Currently, no support exists for
creating sub-directories on the floppy. Wildcard characters (\*, ?,
and \[\]) are allowed. Directory names are also allowed, which will add all
the files found in the directory to the floppy.
#### Optional:
- `format` (string) - Either `ovf` or `ova`, this specifies the output format
of the exported virtual machine. This defaults to `ovf`.
<%= partial "partials/builder/virtualbox/common/OutputConfig-not-required" %>
- `guest_additions_interface` (string) - The interface type to use to mount
guest additions when `guest_additions_mode` is set to `attach`. Will
default to "ide" if not set. Options are "ide" and "sata".
### Run configuration
- `guest_additions_mode` (string) - The method by which guest additions are
made available to the guest for installation. Valid options are `upload`,
`attach`, or `disable`. If the mode is `attach` the guest additions ISO will
be attached as a CD device to the virtual machine. If the mode is `upload`
the guest additions ISO will be uploaded to the path specified by
`guest_additions_path`. The default value is `upload`. If `disable` is used,
guest additions won't be downloaded, either.
#### Optional:
- `guest_additions_path` (string) - The path on the guest virtual machine
where the VirtualBox guest additions ISO will be uploaded. By default this
is `VBoxGuestAdditions.iso` which should upload into the login directory of
the user. This is a [configuration
template](/docs/templates/engine.html) where the `Version`
variable is replaced with the VirtualBox version.
<%= partial "partials/builder/virtualbox/common/RunConfig-not-required" %>
- `guest_additions_sha256` (string) - The SHA256 checksum of the guest
additions ISO that will be uploaded to the guest VM. By default the
checksums will be downloaded from the VirtualBox website, so this only needs
to be set if you want to be explicit about the checksum.
### Shutdown configuration
- `guest_additions_url` (string) - The URL to the guest additions ISO
to upload. This can also be a file URL if the ISO is at a local path. By
default the VirtualBox builder will go and download the proper guest
additions ISO from the internet.
#### Optional:
- `headless` (boolean) - Packer defaults to building VirtualBox virtual
machines by launching a GUI that shows the console of the machine
being built. When this value is set to `true`, the machine will start
without a console.
<%= partial "partials/builder/virtualbox/common/ShutdownConfig-not-required" %>
- `http_directory` (string) - Path to a directory to serve using an
HTTP server. The files in this directory will be available over HTTP that
will be requestable from the virtual machine. This is useful for hosting
kickstart files and so on. By default this is an empty string, which means
no HTTP server will be started. The address and port of the HTTP server will
be available as variables in `boot_command`. This is covered in more detail
below.
### Boot Configuration
- `http_port_min` and `http_port_max` (number) - These are the minimum and
maximum port to use for the HTTP server started to serve the
`http_directory`. Because Packer often runs in parallel, Packer will choose
a randomly available port in this range to run the HTTP server. If you want
to force the HTTP server to be on one port, make this minimum and maximum
port the same. By default the values are `8000` and `9000`, respectively.
- `import_flags` (array of strings) - Additional flags to pass to
`VBoxManage import`. This can be used to add additional command-line flags
such as `--eula-accept` to accept a EULA in the OVF.
- `import_opts` (string) - Additional options to pass to the
`VBoxManage import`. This can be useful for passing `keepallmacs` or
`keepnatmacs` options for existing ovf images.
- `keep_registered` (boolean) - Set this to `true` if you would like to keep
the VM registered with virtualbox. Defaults to `false`.
- `output_directory` (string) - This is the path to the directory where the
resulting virtual machine will be created. This may be relative or absolute.
If relative, the path is relative to the working directory when `packer`
is executed. This directory must not exist or be empty prior to running
the builder. By default this is `output-BUILDNAME` where "BUILDNAME" is the
name of the build.
- `post_shutdown_delay` (string) - The amount of time to wait after shutting
down the virtual machine. If you get the error
`Error removing floppy controller`, you might need to set this to `5m`
or so. By default, the delay is `0s` or disabled.
- `shutdown_command` (string) - The command to use to gracefully shut down the
machine once all the provisioning is done. By default this is an empty
string, which tells Packer to just forcefully shut down the machine unless a
shutdown command takes place inside script so this may safely be omitted. If
one or more scripts require a reboot it is suggested to leave this blank
since reboots may fail and specify the final shutdown command in your
last script.
- `shutdown_timeout` (string) - The amount of time to wait after executing the
`shutdown_command` for the virtual machine to actually shut down. If it
doesn't shut down in this time, it is an error. By default, the timeout is
`5m` or five minutes.
- `skip_export` (boolean) - Defaults to `false`. When enabled, Packer will
not export the VM. Useful if the build output is not the resultant image,
but created inside the VM.
- `ssh_host_port_min` and `ssh_host_port_max` (number) - The minimum and
maximum port to use for the SSH port on the host machine which is forwarded
to the SSH port on the guest machine. Because Packer often runs in parallel,
Packer will choose a randomly available port in this range to use as the
host port. By default this is `2222` to `4444`.
- `ssh_skip_nat_mapping` (boolean) - Defaults to false. When enabled, Packer
does not setup forwarded port mapping for SSH requests and uses `ssh_port`
on the host to communicate to the virtual machine.
- `target_path` (string) - The path where the OVA should be saved
after download. By default, it will go in the packer cache, with a hash of
the original filename as its name.
- `vboxmanage` (array of array of strings) - Custom `VBoxManage` commands to
execute in order to further customize the virtual machine being created. The
value of this is an array of commands to execute. The commands are executed
in the order defined in the template. For each command, the command is
defined itself as an array of strings, where each string represents a single
argument on the command-line to `VBoxManage` (but excluding
`VBoxManage` itself). Each arg is treated as a [configuration
template](/docs/templates/engine.html), where the `Name`
variable is replaced with the VM name. More details on how to use
`VBoxManage` are below.
- `vboxmanage_post` (array of array of strings) - Identical to `vboxmanage`,
except that it is run after the virtual machine is shutdown, and before the
virtual machine is exported.
- `virtualbox_version_file` (string) - The path within the virtual machine to
upload a file that contains the VirtualBox version that was used to create
the machine. This information can be useful for provisioning. By default
this is `.vbox_version`, which will generally be upload it into the
home directory. Set to an empty string to skip uploading this file, which
can be useful when using the `none` communicator.
- `vm_name` (string) - This is the name of the virtual machine when it is
imported as well as the name of the OVF file when the virtual machine
is exported. By default this is `packer-BUILDNAME`, where "BUILDNAME" is the
name of the build.
- `vrdp_bind_address` (string / IP address) - The IP address that should be
binded to for VRDP. By default packer will use `127.0.0.1` for this. If you
wish to bind to all interfaces use `0.0.0.0`.
- `vrdp_port_min` and `vrdp_port_max` (number) - The minimum and maximum port
to use for VRDP access to the virtual machine. Packer uses a randomly chosen
port in this range that appears available. By default this is `5900` to
`6000`. The minimum and maximum ports are inclusive.
## Boot Command
The `boot_command` configuration is very important: it specifies the keys to
type when the virtual machine is first booted in order to start the OS
installer. This command is typed after `boot_wait`.
As documented above, the `boot_command` is an array of strings. The strings are
all typed in sequence. It is an array only to improve readability within the
template.
<%= partial "partials/common/bootcommand/BootConfig" %>
<%= partial "partials/common/bootcommand/VNCConfig" %>
The boot command is sent to the VM through the `VBoxManage` utility in as few
invocations as possible. We send each character in groups of 25, with a default
@ -316,13 +133,18 @@ contention. If you notice missing keys, you can tune this delay by specifying
"builders": [
{
"type": "virtualbox",
"boot_keygroup_interval": "500ms",
"boot_keygroup_interval": "500ms"
...
}
]
}
```
#### Optional:
<%= partial "partials/common/bootcommand/VNCConfig-not-required" %>
<%= partial "partials/common/bootcommand/BootConfig-not-required" %>
<%= partial "partials/builders/boot-command" %>
<%= partial "partials/builders/virtualbox-ssh-key-pair" %>