Merge pull request #4209 from bhcleek/ansible-winrm

provisioner/ansible: assume scp target is file (resolves winrm incompatibility)

provisioner/ansible/adapter.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"net"
 	"strings"
 
+	"github.com/google/shlex"
 	"github.com/mitchellh/packer/packer"
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
 )
@@ -189,7 +190,7 @@ func (c *adapter) exec(command string, in io.Reader, out io.Writer, err io.Write
 	var exitStatus int
 	switch {
 	case strings.HasPrefix(command, "scp ") && serveSCP(command[4:]):
-		err := c.scpExec(command[4:], in, out, err)
+		err := c.scpExec(command[4:], in, out)
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Println(err)
 			exitStatus = 1
@@ -205,9 +206,16 @@ func serveSCP(args string) bool {
 	return bytes.IndexAny(opts, "tf") >= 0
 }
 
-func (c *adapter) scpExec(args string, in io.Reader, out io.Writer, err io.Writer) error {
+func (c *adapter) scpExec(args string, in io.Reader, out io.Writer) error {
 	opts, rest := scpOptions(args)
 
+	// remove the quoting that ansible added to rest for shell safety.
+	shargs, err := shlex.Split(rest)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	rest = strings.Join(shargs, "")
+
 	if i := bytes.IndexByte(opts, 't'); i >= 0 {
 		return scpUploadSession(opts, rest, in, out, c.comm)
 	}

provisioner/ansible/scp.go

@@ -50,7 +50,12 @@ func scpUploadSession(opts []byte, rest string, in io.Reader, out io.Writer, com
 	}
 	defer os.RemoveAll(d)
 
-	state := &scpUploadState{destRoot: rest, srcRoot: d, comm: comm}
+	// To properly implement scp, rest should be checked to see if it is a
+	// directory on the remote side, but ansible only sends files, so there's no
+	// need to set targetIsDir, because it can be safely assumed that rest is
+	// intended to be a file, and whatever names are used in 'C' commands are
+	// irrelavant.
+	state := &scpUploadState{target: rest, srcRoot: d, comm: comm}
 
 	fmt.Fprintf(out, scpOK) // signal the client to start the transfer.
 	return state.Protocol(bufio.NewReader(in), out)
@@ -117,16 +122,17 @@ func (state *scpDownloadState) FileProtocol(path string, info os.FileInfo, in *b
 }
 
 type scpUploadState struct {
-	comm     packer.Communicator
+	comm        packer.Communicator
-	destRoot string // destRoot is the directory on the target
+	target      string // target is the directory on the target
-	srcRoot  string // srcRoot is the directory on the host
+	srcRoot     string // srcRoot is the directory on the host
-	mtime    time.Time
+	mtime       time.Time
-	atime    time.Time
+	atime       time.Time
-	dir      string // dir is a path relative to the roots
+	dir         string // dir is a path relative to the roots
+	targetIsDir bool
 }
 
 func (scp scpUploadState) DestPath() string {
-	return filepath.Join(scp.destRoot, scp.dir)
+	return filepath.Join(scp.target, scp.dir)
 }
 
 func (scp scpUploadState) SrcPath() string {
@@ -177,7 +183,12 @@ func (state *scpUploadState) FileProtocol(in *bufio.Reader, out io.Writer) error
 
 	var fi os.FileInfo = fileInfo{name: name, size: size, mode: mode, mtime: state.mtime}
 
-	err = state.comm.Upload(filepath.Join(state.DestPath(), fi.Name()), io.LimitReader(in, fi.Size()), &fi)
+	dest := state.DestPath()
+	if state.targetIsDir {
+		dest = filepath.Join(dest, fi.Name())
+	}
+
+	err = state.comm.Upload(dest, io.LimitReader(in, fi.Size()), &fi)
 	if err != nil {
 		fmt.Fprintf(out, scpEmptyError)
 		return err

test/fixtures/provisioner-ansible/all_options.json

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
         "type":  "ansible",
         "playbook_file": "./playbook.yml",
         "extra_arguments": [
-          "-vvvv", "--private-key", "ansible-test-id"
+          "--private-key", "ansible-test-id"
         ],
         "sftp_command": "/usr/lib/sftp-server -e -l INFO",
         "use_sftp": true,
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
         "project_id": "{{user `project_id`}}",
         "image_name": "packerbats-alloptions-{{timestamp}}",
         "source_image": "debian-7-wheezy-v20141108",
-        "zone": "us-central1-a"
+        "zone": "us-central1-a",
+        "ssh_username": "root"
     }]
 }

test/fixtures/provisioner-ansible/connection_plugins/packer.py

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function)
+__metaclass__ = type
+
+from ansible.plugins.connection.ssh import Connection as SSHConnection
+
+class Connection(SSHConnection):
+    ''' ssh based connections for powershell via packer'''
+
+    transport = 'packer'
+    has_pipelining = True
+    become_methods = []
+    allow_executable = False
+    module_implementation_preferences = ('.ps1', '')
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(Connection, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

test/fixtures/provisioner-ansible/dir/contents-only/file.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+this file's parent directory should not be transferred to the node.

test/fixtures/provisioner-ansible/dir/subdir/file.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+This file and its parent directory should be transferred to the node.

test/fixtures/provisioner-ansible/minimal.json

@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@
         "project_id": "{{user `project_id`}}",
         "image_name": "packerbats-minimal-{{timestamp}}",
         "source_image": "debian-7-wheezy-v20141108",
-        "zone": "us-central1-a"
+        "zone": "us-central1-a",
+        "ssh_username": "root"
       }
     ]
 }

test/fixtures/provisioner-ansible/playbook.yml

@@ -2,12 +2,26 @@
 - hosts: default:packer-test
   gather_facts: no
   tasks:
-    - raw: touch /root/ansible-raw-test
+    - name: touch /root/ansible-raw-test
-    - raw: date
+      raw: touch /root/ansible-raw-test
-    - command: echo "the command module"
+    - name: raw test
-    - command: mkdir /tmp/remote-dir
+      raw: date
+    - name: command test
+      command: echo "the command module"
+    - name: prepare remote directory
+      command: mkdir /tmp/remote-dir
       args:
         creates: /tmp/remote-dir
-    - copy: src=dir/file.txt dest=/tmp/remote-dir/file.txt
+    - name: transfer file.txt
-    - fetch: src=/tmp/remote-dir/file.txt dest=fetched-dir validate=yes fail_on_missing=yes
+      copy: src=dir/file.txt dest=/tmp/remote-dir/file.txt
+    - name: fetch file.text
+      fetch: src=/tmp/remote-dir/file.txt dest=fetched-dir validate=yes fail_on_missing=yes
+    - name: copy contents of directory
+      copy: src=dir/contents-only/ dest=/tmp/remote-dir
+    - name: fetch contents of directory
+      fetch: src=/tmp/remote-dir/file.txt dest="fetched-dir/{{ inventory_hostname }}/tmp/remote-dir/contents-only/" flat=yes validate=yes fail_on_missing=yes
+    - name: copy directory recursively
+      copy: src=dir/subdir dest=/tmp/remote-dir
+    - name: fetch recursively copied directory
+      fetch: src=/tmp/remote-dir/subdir/file.txt dest=fetched-dir validate=yes fail_on_missing=yes
     - copy: src=largish-file.txt dest=/tmp/largish-file.txt

test/fixtures/provisioner-ansible/scp-to-sftp.json

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+{
+    "variables": {},
+    "provisioners": [
+      {
+        "type":  "ansible",
+        "playbook_file": "./playbook.yml",
+        "extra_arguments": [
+        ],
+        "sftp_command": "/usr/bin/false",
+        "use_sftp": false
+      }
+    ],
+    "builders": [
+      {
+        "type": "googlecompute",
+        "account_file": "{{user `account_file`}}",
+        "project_id": "{{user `project_id`}}",
+        "image_name": "packerbats-scp-to-sftp-{{timestamp}}",
+        "source_image": "debian-7-wheezy-v20141108",
+        "zone": "us-central1-a",
+        "ssh_username": "root",
+        "ssh_file_transfer_method": "sftp"
+      }
+    ]
+}

test/fixtures/provisioner-ansible/scp.json

@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
         "type":  "ansible",
         "playbook_file": "./playbook.yml",
         "extra_arguments": [
-          "-vvvv"
         ],
-        "sftp_command": "/usr/bin/false"
+        "sftp_command": "/usr/bin/false",
+        "use_sftp": false
       }
     ],
     "builders": [
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
         "project_id": "{{user `project_id`}}",
         "image_name": "packerbats-scp-{{timestamp}}",
         "source_image": "debian-7-wheezy-v20141108",
-        "zone": "us-central1-a"
+        "zone": "us-central1-a",
+        "ssh_username": "root"
       }
     ]
 }

test/fixtures/provisioner-ansible/sftp.json

@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@
         "type": "googlecompute",
         "account_file": "{{user `account_file`}}",
         "project_id": "{{user `project_id`}}",
-
         "image_name": "packerbats-sftp-{{timestamp}}",
         "source_image": "debian-7-wheezy-v20141108",
-        "zone": "us-central1-a"
+        "zone": "us-central1-a",
+        "ssh_username": "root"
       }
     ]
 }

test/fixtures/provisioner-ansible/win-playbook.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+---
+- hosts: default:packer-test
+  gather_facts: no
+  tasks:
+    #- debug: msg="testing regular modules that function with Windows: raw, fetch, slurp, setup"
+    - name: raw test
+      raw: date /t
+    - debug: msg="testing windows modules"
+      #- win_file: path=tmp/remote-dir state=directory
+      #- name: win_shell test
+      #win_shell: date /t
+    - name: win_copy test
+      win_copy: src=dir/file.txt dest=file.txt
+      #- win_copy: src=dir/file.txt dest=/tmp/remote-dir/file.txt
+      #- fetch: src=/tmp/remote-dir/file.txt dest=fetched-dir validate=yes fail_on_missing=yes
+      #- win_copy: src=largish-file.txt dest=/tmp/largish-file.txt
+    - debug: msg="packer does not support downloading from windows"

test/fixtures/provisioner-ansible/winrm.json

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+{
+    "variables": {},
+    "provisioners": [
+      {
+        "type":  "ansible",
+        "playbook_file": "./win-playbook.yml",
+        "extra_arguments": [
+          "--connection", "packer",
+          "--extra-vars", "ansible_shell_type=powershell ansible_shell_executable=None"
+        ]
+      }
+    ],
+    "builders": [
+      {
+        "type": "googlecompute",
+        "account_file": "{{user `account_file`}}",
+        "project_id": "{{user `project_id`}}",
+        "image_name": "packerbats-winrm-{{timestamp}}",
+        "source_image": "windows-server-2012-r2-dc-v20160916",
+        "communicator": "winrm",
+        "zone": "us-central1-a",
+        "disk_size": 50,
+        "winrm_username": "packer",
+        "winrm_use_ssl": true,
+        "winrm_insecure": true,
+        "metadata": {
+                  "sysprep-specialize-script-cmd": "winrm set winrm/config/service/auth @{Basic=\"true\"}"
+        }
+      }
+    ]
+}

test/provisioner_ansible.bats

@@ -67,6 +67,14 @@ teardown() {
     diff -r dir fetched-dir/default/tmp/remote-dir > /dev/null
 }
 
+@test "ansible provisioner: build scp-to-sftp.json" {
+    cd $FIXTURE_ROOT
+    run packer build ${USER_VARS} $FIXTURE_ROOT/scp-to-sftp.json
+    [ "$status" -eq 0 ]
+    [ "$(gc_has_image "packerbats-scp-to-sftp")" -eq 1 ]
+    diff -r dir fetched-dir/default/tmp/remote-dir > /dev/null
+}
+
 @test "ansible provisioner: build sftp.json" {
     cd $FIXTURE_ROOT
     run packer build ${USER_VARS} $FIXTURE_ROOT/sftp.json
@@ -75,3 +83,11 @@ teardown() {
     diff -r dir fetched-dir/default/tmp/remote-dir > /dev/null
 }
 
+@test "ansible provisioner: build winrm.json" {
+    cd $FIXTURE_ROOT
+    run packer build ${USER_VARS} $FIXTURE_ROOT/winrm.json
+    [ "$status" -eq 0 ]
+    [ "$(gc_has_image "packerbats-winrm")" -eq 1 ]
+    echo "packer does not support downloading files from download, skipping verification"
+    #diff -r dir fetched-dir/default/tmp/remote-dir > /dev/null
+}

vendor/github.com/google/shlex/COPYING

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
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vendor/github.com/google/shlex/README

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+go-shlex is a simple lexer for go that supports shell-style quoting,
+commenting, and escaping.

vendor/github.com/google/shlex/shlex.go

@@ -0,0 +1,417 @@
+/*
+Copyright 2012 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+/*
+Package shlex implements a simple lexer which splits input in to tokens using
+shell-style rules for quoting and commenting.
+
+The basic use case uses the default ASCII lexer to split a string into sub-strings:
+
+  shlex.Split("one \"two three\" four") -> []string{"one", "two three", "four"}
+
+To process a stream of strings:
+
+  l := NewLexer(os.Stdin)
+  for ; token, err := l.Next(); err != nil {
+	// process token
+  }
+
+To access the raw token stream (which includes tokens for comments):
+
+  t := NewTokenizer(os.Stdin)
+  for ; token, err := t.Next(); err != nil {
+	// process token
+  }
+
+*/
+package shlex
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// TokenType is a top-level token classification: A word, space, comment, unknown.
+type TokenType int
+
+// runeTokenClass is the type of a UTF-8 character classification: A quote, space, escape.
+type runeTokenClass int
+
+// the internal state used by the lexer state machine
+type lexerState int
+
+// Token is a (type, value) pair representing a lexographical token.
+type Token struct {
+	tokenType TokenType
+	value     string
+}
+
+// Equal reports whether tokens a, and b, are equal.
+// Two tokens are equal if both their types and values are equal. A nil token can
+// never be equal to another token.
+func (a *Token) Equal(b *Token) bool {
+	if a == nil || b == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	if a.tokenType != b.tokenType {
+		return false
+	}
+	return a.value == b.value
+}
+
+// Named classes of UTF-8 runes
+const (
+	spaceRunes            = " \t\r\n"
+	escapingQuoteRunes    = `"`
+	nonEscapingQuoteRunes = "'"
+	escapeRunes           = `\`
+	commentRunes          = "#"
+)
+
+// Classes of rune token
+const (
+	unknownRuneClass runeTokenClass = iota
+	spaceRuneClass
+	escapingQuoteRuneClass
+	nonEscapingQuoteRuneClass
+	escapeRuneClass
+	commentRuneClass
+	eofRuneClass
+)
+
+// Classes of lexographic token
+const (
+	UnknownToken TokenType = iota
+	WordToken
+	SpaceToken
+	CommentToken
+)
+
+// Lexer state machine states
+const (
+	startState           lexerState = iota // no runes have been seen
+	inWordState                            // processing regular runes in a word
+	escapingState                          // we have just consumed an escape rune; the next rune is literal
+	escapingQuotedState                    // we have just consumed an escape rune within a quoted string
+	quotingEscapingState                   // we are within a quoted string that supports escaping ("...")
+	quotingState                           // we are within a string that does not support escaping ('...')
+	commentState                           // we are within a comment (everything following an unquoted or unescaped #
+)
+
+// tokenClassifier is used for classifying rune characters.
+type tokenClassifier map[rune]runeTokenClass
+
+func (typeMap tokenClassifier) addRuneClass(runes string, tokenType runeTokenClass) {
+	for _, runeChar := range runes {
+		typeMap[runeChar] = tokenType
+	}
+}
+
+// newDefaultClassifier creates a new classifier for ASCII characters.
+func newDefaultClassifier() tokenClassifier {
+	t := tokenClassifier{}
+	t.addRuneClass(spaceRunes, spaceRuneClass)
+	t.addRuneClass(escapingQuoteRunes, escapingQuoteRuneClass)
+	t.addRuneClass(nonEscapingQuoteRunes, nonEscapingQuoteRuneClass)
+	t.addRuneClass(escapeRunes, escapeRuneClass)
+	t.addRuneClass(commentRunes, commentRuneClass)
+	return t
+}
+
+// ClassifyRune classifiees a rune
+func (t tokenClassifier) ClassifyRune(runeVal rune) runeTokenClass {
+	return t[runeVal]
+}
+
+// Lexer turns an input stream into a sequence of tokens. Whitespace and comments are skipped.
+type Lexer Tokenizer
+
+// NewLexer creates a new lexer from an input stream.
+func NewLexer(r io.Reader) *Lexer {
+
+	return (*Lexer)(NewTokenizer(r))
+}
+
+// Next returns the next word, or an error. If there are no more words,
+// the error will be io.EOF.
+func (l *Lexer) Next() (string, error) {
+	for {
+		token, err := (*Tokenizer)(l).Next()
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+		switch token.tokenType {
+		case WordToken:
+			return token.value, nil
+		case CommentToken:
+			// skip comments
+		default:
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("Unknown token type: %v", token.tokenType)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Tokenizer turns an input stream into a sequence of typed tokens
+type Tokenizer struct {
+	input      bufio.Reader
+	classifier tokenClassifier
+}
+
+// NewTokenizer creates a new tokenizer from an input stream.
+func NewTokenizer(r io.Reader) *Tokenizer {
+	input := bufio.NewReader(r)
+	classifier := newDefaultClassifier()
+	return &Tokenizer{
+		input:      *input,
+		classifier: classifier}
+}
+
+// scanStream scans the stream for the next token using the internal state machine.
+// It will panic if it encounters a rune which it does not know how to handle.
+func (t *Tokenizer) scanStream() (*Token, error) {
+	state := startState
+	var tokenType TokenType
+	var value []rune
+	var nextRune rune
+	var nextRuneType runeTokenClass
+	var err error
+
+	for {
+		nextRune, _, err = t.input.ReadRune()
+		nextRuneType = t.classifier.ClassifyRune(nextRune)
+
+		if err == io.EOF {
+			nextRuneType = eofRuneClass
+			err = nil
+		} else if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		switch state {
+		case startState: // no runes read yet
+			{
+				switch nextRuneType {
+				case eofRuneClass:
+					{
+						return nil, io.EOF
+					}
+				case spaceRuneClass:
+					{
+					}
+				case escapingQuoteRuneClass:
+					{
+						tokenType = WordToken
+						state = quotingEscapingState
+					}
+				case nonEscapingQuoteRuneClass:
+					{
+						tokenType = WordToken
+						state = quotingState
+					}
+				case escapeRuneClass:
+					{
+						tokenType = WordToken
+						state = escapingState
+					}
+				case commentRuneClass:
+					{
+						tokenType = CommentToken
+						state = commentState
+					}
+				default:
+					{
+						tokenType = WordToken
+						value = append(value, nextRune)
+						state = inWordState
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		case inWordState: // in a regular word
+			{
+				switch nextRuneType {
+				case eofRuneClass:
+					{
+						token := &Token{
+							tokenType: tokenType,
+							value:     string(value)}
+						return token, err
+					}
+				case spaceRuneClass:
+					{
+						t.input.UnreadRune()
+						token := &Token{
+							tokenType: tokenType,
+							value:     string(value)}
+						return token, err
+					}
+				case escapingQuoteRuneClass:
+					{
+						state = quotingEscapingState
+					}
+				case nonEscapingQuoteRuneClass:
+					{
+						state = quotingState
+					}
+				case escapeRuneClass:
+					{
+						state = escapingState
+					}
+				default:
+					{
+						value = append(value, nextRune)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		case escapingState: // the rune after an escape character
+			{
+				switch nextRuneType {
+				case eofRuneClass:
+					{
+						err = fmt.Errorf("EOF found after escape character")
+						token := &Token{
+							tokenType: tokenType,
+							value:     string(value)}
+						return token, err
+					}
+				default:
+					{
+						state = inWordState
+						value = append(value, nextRune)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		case escapingQuotedState: // the next rune after an escape character, in double quotes
+			{
+				switch nextRuneType {
+				case eofRuneClass:
+					{
+						err = fmt.Errorf("EOF found after escape character")
+						token := &Token{
+							tokenType: tokenType,
+							value:     string(value)}
+						return token, err
+					}
+				default:
+					{
+						state = quotingEscapingState
+						value = append(value, nextRune)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		case quotingEscapingState: // in escaping double quotes
+			{
+				switch nextRuneType {
+				case eofRuneClass:
+					{
+						err = fmt.Errorf("EOF found when expecting closing quote")
+						token := &Token{
+							tokenType: tokenType,
+							value:     string(value)}
+						return token, err
+					}
+				case escapingQuoteRuneClass:
+					{
+						state = inWordState
+					}
+				case escapeRuneClass:
+					{
+						state = escapingQuotedState
+					}
+				default:
+					{
+						value = append(value, nextRune)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		case quotingState: // in non-escaping single quotes
+			{
+				switch nextRuneType {
+				case eofRuneClass:
+					{
+						err = fmt.Errorf("EOF found when expecting closing quote")
+						token := &Token{
+							tokenType: tokenType,
+							value:     string(value)}
+						return token, err
+					}
+				case nonEscapingQuoteRuneClass:
+					{
+						state = inWordState
+					}
+				default:
+					{
+						value = append(value, nextRune)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		case commentState: // in a comment
+			{
+				switch nextRuneType {
+				case eofRuneClass:
+					{
+						token := &Token{
+							tokenType: tokenType,
+							value:     string(value)}
+						return token, err
+					}
+				case spaceRuneClass:
+					{
+						if nextRune == '\n' {
+							state = startState
+							token := &Token{
+								tokenType: tokenType,
+								value:     string(value)}
+							return token, err
+						} else {
+							value = append(value, nextRune)
+						}
+					}
+				default:
+					{
+						value = append(value, nextRune)
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		default:
+			{
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("Unexpected state: %v", state)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Next returns the next token in the stream.
+func (t *Tokenizer) Next() (*Token, error) {
+	return t.scanStream()
+}
+
+// Split partitions a string into a slice of strings.
+func Split(s string) ([]string, error) {
+	l := NewLexer(strings.NewReader(s))
+	subStrings := make([]string, 0)
+	for {
+		word, err := l.Next()
+		if err != nil {
+			if err == io.EOF {
+				return subStrings, nil
+			}
+			return subStrings, err
+		}
+		subStrings = append(subStrings, word)
+	}
+}

vendor/vendor.json

@@ -344,6 +344,12 @@
 			"path": "github.com/google/go-querystring/query",
 			"revision": "2a60fc2ba6c19de80291203597d752e9ba58e4c0"
 		},
+		{
+			"checksumSHA1": "e/Kc2UOy1lKAy31xWlK37M1r2e8=",
+			"path": "github.com/google/shlex",
+			"revision": "6f45313302b9c56850fc17f99e40caebce98c716",
+			"revisionTime": "2015-01-27T13:39:51Z"
+		},
 		{
 			"checksumSHA1": "FUiF2WLrih0JdHsUTMMDz3DRokw=",
 			"comment": "20141209094003-92-g95fa852",

website/source/docs/provisioners/ansible.html.md

@@ -107,9 +107,68 @@ Optional Parameters:
 
 ## Limitations
 
-- Redhat / CentOS builds have been known to fail with the following error due to `sftp_command`, which should be set to `/usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server -e`:
+### Redhat / CentOS
+
+Redhat / CentOS builds have been known to fail with the following error due to `sftp_command`, which should be set to `/usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server -e`:
 
 ```
 ==> virtualbox-ovf: starting sftp subsystem
     virtualbox-ovf: fatal: [default]: UNREACHABLE! => {"changed": false, "msg": "SSH Error: data could not be sent to the remote host. Make sure this host can be reached over ssh", "unreachable": true}
 ```
+
+### winrm communicator
+
+Windows builds require a custom Ansible communicator and a particular configuration. Assuming a directory named `connection_plugins` is next to the playbook and contains a file named `packer.py` whose contents is
+
+```
+from __future__ import (absolute_import, division, print_function)
+__metaclass__ = type
+
+from ansible.plugins.connection.ssh import Connection as SSHConnection
+
+class Connection(SSHConnection):
+    ''' ssh based connections for powershell via packer'''
+
+    transport = 'packer'
+    has_pipelining = True
+    become_methods = []
+    allow_executable = False
+    module_implementation_preferences = ('.ps1', '')
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        super(Connection, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+```
+
+This template should build a Windows Server 2012 image on Google Cloud Platform:
+
+```
+{
+    "variables": {},
+    "provisioners": [
+      {
+        "type":  "ansible",
+        "playbook_file": "./win-playbook.yml",
+        "extra_arguments": [
+          "--connection", "packer",
+          "--extra-vars", "ansible_shell_type=powershell ansible_shell_executable=None"
+        ]
+      }
+    ],
+    "builders": [
+      {
+        "type": "googlecompute",
+        "account_file": "{{user `account_file`}}",
+        "project_id": "{{user `project_id`}}",
+        "source_image": "windows-server-2012-r2-dc-v20160916",
+        "communicator": "winrm",
+        "zone": "us-central1-a",
+        "disk_size": 50,
+        "winrm_username": "packer",
+        "winrm_use_ssl": true,
+        "winrm_insecure": true,
+        "metadata": {
+                  "sysprep-specialize-script-cmd": "winrm set winrm/config/service/auth @{Basic=\"true\"}"
+        }
+      }
+    ]
+}