576 lines
21 KiB
Go
576 lines
21 KiB
Go
package qemu
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import (
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"errors"
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"fmt"
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"log"
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"os"
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"path/filepath"
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"regexp"
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"runtime"
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"strings"
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"github.com/hashicorp/packer/common"
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"github.com/hashicorp/packer/common/bootcommand"
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"github.com/hashicorp/packer/common/shutdowncommand"
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"github.com/hashicorp/packer/helper/config"
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"github.com/hashicorp/packer/packer"
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"github.com/hashicorp/packer/template/interpolate"
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)
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var accels = map[string]struct{}{
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"none": {},
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"kvm": {},
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"tcg": {},
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"xen": {},
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"hax": {},
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"hvf": {},
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"whpx": {},
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}
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var diskInterface = map[string]bool{
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"ide": true,
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"scsi": true,
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"virtio": true,
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"virtio-scsi": true,
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}
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var diskCache = map[string]bool{
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"writethrough": true,
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"writeback": true,
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"none": true,
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"unsafe": true,
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"directsync": true,
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}
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var diskDiscard = map[string]bool{
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"unmap": true,
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"ignore": true,
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}
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var diskDZeroes = map[string]bool{
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"unmap": true,
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"on": true,
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"off": true,
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}
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type Config struct {
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common.PackerConfig `mapstructure:",squash"`
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common.HTTPConfig `mapstructure:",squash"`
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common.ISOConfig `mapstructure:",squash"`
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bootcommand.VNCConfig `mapstructure:",squash"`
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shutdowncommand.ShutdownConfig `mapstructure:",squash"`
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CommConfig CommConfig `mapstructure:",squash"`
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common.FloppyConfig `mapstructure:",squash"`
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common.CDConfig `mapstructure:",squash"`
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// Use iso from provided url. Qemu must support
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// curl block device. This defaults to `false`.
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ISOSkipCache bool `mapstructure:"iso_skip_cache" required:"false"`
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// The accelerator type to use when running the VM.
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// This may be `none`, `kvm`, `tcg`, `hax`, `hvf`, `whpx`, or `xen`. The appropriate
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// software must have already been installed on your build machine to use the
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// accelerator you specified. When no accelerator is specified, Packer will try
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// to use `kvm` if it is available but will default to `tcg` otherwise.
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//
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// ~> The `hax` accelerator has issues attaching CDROM ISOs. This is an
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// upstream issue which can be tracked
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// [here](https://github.com/intel/haxm/issues/20).
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//
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// ~> The `hvf` and `whpx` accelerator are new and experimental as of
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// [QEMU 2.12.0](https://wiki.qemu.org/ChangeLog/2.12#Host_support).
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// You may encounter issues unrelated to Packer when using these. You may need to
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// add [ "-global", "virtio-pci.disable-modern=on" ] to `qemuargs` depending on the
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// guest operating system.
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//
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// ~> For `whpx`, note that [Stefan Weil's QEMU for Windows distribution](https://qemu.weilnetz.de/w64/)
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// does not include WHPX support and users may need to compile or source a
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// build of QEMU for Windows themselves with WHPX support.
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Accelerator string `mapstructure:"accelerator" required:"false"`
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// Additional disks to create. Uses `vm_name` as the disk name template and
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// appends `-#` where `#` is the position in the array. `#` starts at 1 since 0
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// is the default disk. Each string represents the disk image size in bytes.
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// Optional suffixes 'k' or 'K' (kilobyte, 1024), 'M' (megabyte, 1024k), 'G'
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// (gigabyte, 1024M), 'T' (terabyte, 1024G), 'P' (petabyte, 1024T) and 'E'
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// (exabyte, 1024P) are supported. 'b' is ignored. Per qemu-img documentation.
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// Each additional disk uses the same disk parameters as the default disk.
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// Unset by default.
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AdditionalDiskSize []string `mapstructure:"disk_additional_size" required:"false"`
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// The number of cpus to use when building the VM.
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// The default is `1` CPU.
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CpuCount int `mapstructure:"cpus" required:"false"`
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// The interface to use for the disk. Allowed values include any of `ide`,
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// `scsi`, `virtio` or `virtio-scsi`^\*. Note also that any boot commands
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// or kickstart type scripts must have proper adjustments for resulting
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// device names. The Qemu builder uses `virtio` by default.
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//
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// ^\* Please be aware that use of the `scsi` disk interface has been
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// disabled by Red Hat due to a bug described
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// [here](https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1019220). If you are
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// running Qemu on RHEL or a RHEL variant such as CentOS, you *must* choose
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// one of the other listed interfaces. Using the `scsi` interface under
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// these circumstances will cause the build to fail.
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DiskInterface string `mapstructure:"disk_interface" required:"false"`
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// The size in bytes of the hard disk of the VM. Suffix with the first
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// letter of common byte types. Use "k" or "K" for kilobytes, "M" for
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// megabytes, G for gigabytes, and T for terabytes. If no value is provided
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// for disk_size, Packer uses a default of `40960M` (40 GB). If a disk_size
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// number is provided with no units, Packer will default to Megabytes.
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DiskSize string `mapstructure:"disk_size" required:"false"`
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// Packer resizes the QCOW2 image using
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// qemu-img resize. Set this option to true to disable resizing.
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// Defaults to false.
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SkipResizeDisk bool `mapstructure:"skip_resize_disk" required:"false"`
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// The cache mode to use for disk. Allowed values include any of
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// `writethrough`, `writeback`, `none`, `unsafe` or `directsync`. By
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// default, this is set to `writeback`.
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DiskCache string `mapstructure:"disk_cache" required:"false"`
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// The discard mode to use for disk. Allowed values
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// include any of unmap or ignore. By default, this is set to ignore.
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DiskDiscard string `mapstructure:"disk_discard" required:"false"`
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// The detect-zeroes mode to use for disk.
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// Allowed values include any of unmap, on or off. Defaults to off.
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// When the value is "off" we don't set the flag in the qemu command, so that
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// Packer still works with old versions of QEMU that don't have this option.
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DetectZeroes string `mapstructure:"disk_detect_zeroes" required:"false"`
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// Packer compacts the QCOW2 image using
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// qemu-img convert. Set this option to true to disable compacting.
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// Defaults to false.
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SkipCompaction bool `mapstructure:"skip_compaction" required:"false"`
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// Apply compression to the QCOW2 disk file
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// using qemu-img convert. Defaults to false.
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DiskCompression bool `mapstructure:"disk_compression" required:"false"`
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// Either `qcow2` or `raw`, this specifies the output format of the virtual
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// machine image. This defaults to `qcow2`.
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Format string `mapstructure:"format" required:"false"`
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// Packer defaults to building QEMU virtual machines by
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// launching a GUI that shows the console of the machine being built. When this
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// value is set to `true`, the machine will start without a console.
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//
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// You can still see the console if you make a note of the VNC display
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// number chosen, and then connect using `vncviewer -Shared <host>:<display>`
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Headless bool `mapstructure:"headless" required:"false"`
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// Packer defaults to building from an ISO file, this parameter controls
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// whether the ISO URL supplied is actually a bootable QEMU image. When
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// this value is set to `true`, the machine will either clone the source or
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// use it as a backing file (if `use_backing_file` is `true`); then, it
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// will resize the image according to `disk_size` and boot it.
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DiskImage bool `mapstructure:"disk_image" required:"false"`
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// Only applicable when disk_image is true
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// and format is qcow2, set this option to true to create a new QCOW2
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// file that uses the file located at iso_url as a backing file. The new file
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// will only contain blocks that have changed compared to the backing file, so
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// enabling this option can significantly reduce disk usage. If true, Packer
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// will force the `skip_compaction` also to be true as well to skip disk
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// conversion which would render the backing file feature useless.
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UseBackingFile bool `mapstructure:"use_backing_file" required:"false"`
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// The type of machine emulation to use. Run your qemu binary with the
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// flags `-machine help` to list available types for your system. This
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// defaults to `pc`.
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MachineType string `mapstructure:"machine_type" required:"false"`
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// The amount of memory to use when building the VM
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// in megabytes. This defaults to 512 megabytes.
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MemorySize int `mapstructure:"memory" required:"false"`
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// The driver to use for the network interface. Allowed values `ne2k_pci`,
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// `i82551`, `i82557b`, `i82559er`, `rtl8139`, `e1000`, `pcnet`, `virtio`,
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// `virtio-net`, `virtio-net-pci`, `usb-net`, `i82559a`, `i82559b`,
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// `i82559c`, `i82550`, `i82562`, `i82557a`, `i82557c`, `i82801`,
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// `vmxnet3`, `i82558a` or `i82558b`. The Qemu builder uses `virtio-net` by
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// default.
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NetDevice string `mapstructure:"net_device" required:"false"`
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// Connects the network to this bridge instead of using the user mode
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// networking.
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//
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// **NB** This bridge must already exist. You can use the `virbr0` bridge
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// as created by vagrant-libvirt.
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//
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// **NB** This will automatically enable the QMP socket (see QMPEnable).
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//
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// **NB** This only works in Linux based OSes.
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NetBridge string `mapstructure:"net_bridge" required:"false"`
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// This is the path to the directory where the
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// resulting virtual machine will be created. This may be relative or absolute.
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// If relative, the path is relative to the working directory when packer
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// is executed. This directory must not exist or be empty prior to running
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// the builder. By default this is output-BUILDNAME where "BUILDNAME" is the
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// name of the build.
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OutputDir string `mapstructure:"output_directory" required:"false"`
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// Allows complete control over the qemu command line (though not, at this
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// time, qemu-img). Each array of strings makes up a command line switch
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// that overrides matching default switch/value pairs. Any value specified
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// as an empty string is ignored. All values after the switch are
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// concatenated with no separator.
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//
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// ~> **Warning:** The qemu command line allows extreme flexibility, so
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// beware of conflicting arguments causing failures of your run. For
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// instance, using --no-acpi could break the ability to send power signal
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// type commands (e.g., shutdown -P now) to the virtual machine, thus
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// preventing proper shutdown. To see the defaults, look in the packer.log
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// file and search for the qemu-system-x86 command. The arguments are all
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// printed for review.
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//
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// The following shows a sample usage:
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//
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// In JSON:
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// ```json
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// "qemuargs": [
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// [ "-m", "1024M" ],
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// [ "--no-acpi", "" ],
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// [
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// "-netdev",
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// "user,id=mynet0,",
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// "hostfwd=hostip:hostport-guestip:guestport",
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// ""
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// ],
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// [ "-device", "virtio-net,netdev=mynet0" ]
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// ]
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// ```
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//
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// In HCL2:
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// ```hcl
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// qemuargs = [
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// [ "-m", "1024M" ],
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// [ "--no-acpi", "" ],
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// [
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// "-netdev",
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// "user,id=mynet0,",
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// "hostfwd=hostip:hostport-guestip:guestport",
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// ""
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// ],
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// [ "-device", "virtio-net,netdev=mynet0" ]
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// ]
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// ```
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//
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// would produce the following (not including other defaults supplied by
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// the builder and not otherwise conflicting with the qemuargs):
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//
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// ```text
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// qemu-system-x86 -m 1024m --no-acpi -netdev
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// user,id=mynet0,hostfwd=hostip:hostport-guestip:guestport -device
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// virtio-net,netdev=mynet0"
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// ```
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//
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// ~> **Windows Users:** [QEMU for Windows](https://qemu.weilnetz.de/)
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// builds are available though an environmental variable does need to be
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// set for QEMU for Windows to redirect stdout to the console instead of
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// stdout.txt.
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//
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// The following shows the environment variable that needs to be set for
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// Windows QEMU support:
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//
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// ```text
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// setx SDL_STDIO_REDIRECT=0
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// ```
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//
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// You can also use the `SSHHostPort` template variable to produce a packer
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// template that can be invoked by `make` in parallel:
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//
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// In JSON:
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// ```json
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// "qemuargs": [
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// [ "-netdev", "user,hostfwd=tcp::{{ .SSHHostPort }}-:22,id=forward"],
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// [ "-device", "virtio-net,netdev=forward,id=net0"]
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// ]
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// ```
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//
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// In HCL2:
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// ```hcl
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// qemuargs = [
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// [ "-netdev", "user,hostfwd=tcp::{{ .SSHHostPort }}-:22,id=forward"],
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// [ "-device", "virtio-net,netdev=forward,id=net0"]
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// ]
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//
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// `make -j 3 my-awesome-packer-templates` spawns 3 packer processes, each
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// of which will bind to their own SSH port as determined by each process.
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// This will also work with WinRM, just change the port forward in
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// `qemuargs` to map to WinRM's default port of `5985` or whatever value
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// you have the service set to listen on.
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//
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// This is a template engine and allows access to the following variables:
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// `{{ .HTTPIP }}`, `{{ .HTTPPort }}`, `{{ .HTTPDir }}`,
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// `{{ .OutputDir }}`, `{{ .Name }}`, and `{{ .SSHHostPort }}`
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QemuArgs [][]string `mapstructure:"qemuargs" required:"false"`
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// The name of the Qemu binary to look for. This
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// defaults to qemu-system-x86_64, but may need to be changed for
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// some platforms. For example qemu-kvm, or qemu-system-i386 may be a
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// better choice for some systems.
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QemuBinary string `mapstructure:"qemu_binary" required:"false"`
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// Enable QMP socket. Location is specified by `qmp_socket_path`. Defaults
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// to false.
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QMPEnable bool `mapstructure:"qmp_enable" required:"false"`
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// QMP Socket Path when `qmp_enable` is true. Defaults to
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// `output_directory`/`vm_name`.monitor.
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QMPSocketPath string `mapstructure:"qmp_socket_path" required:"false"`
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// If true, do not pass a -display option
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// to qemu, allowing it to choose the default. This may be needed when running
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// under macOS, and getting errors about sdl not being available.
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UseDefaultDisplay bool `mapstructure:"use_default_display" required:"false"`
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// What QEMU -display option to use. Defaults to gtk, use none to not pass the
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// -display option allowing QEMU to choose the default. This may be needed when
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// running under macOS, and getting errors about sdl not being available.
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Display string `mapstructure:"display" required:"false"`
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// The IP address that should be
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// binded to for VNC. By default packer will use 127.0.0.1 for this. If you
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// wish to bind to all interfaces use 0.0.0.0.
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VNCBindAddress string `mapstructure:"vnc_bind_address" required:"false"`
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// Whether or not to set a password on the VNC server. This option
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// automatically enables the QMP socket. See `qmp_socket_path`. Defaults to
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// `false`.
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VNCUsePassword bool `mapstructure:"vnc_use_password" required:"false"`
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// The minimum and maximum port
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// to use for VNC access to the virtual machine. The builder uses VNC to type
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// the initial boot_command. Because Packer generally runs in parallel,
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// Packer uses a randomly chosen port in this range that appears available. By
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// default this is 5900 to 6000. The minimum and maximum ports are inclusive.
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VNCPortMin int `mapstructure:"vnc_port_min" required:"false"`
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VNCPortMax int `mapstructure:"vnc_port_max"`
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// This is the name of the image (QCOW2 or IMG) file for
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// the new virtual machine. By default this is packer-BUILDNAME, where
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// "BUILDNAME" is the name of the build. Currently, no file extension will be
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// used unless it is specified in this option.
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VMName string `mapstructure:"vm_name" required:"false"`
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// The interface to use for the CDROM device which contains the ISO image.
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// Allowed values include any of `ide`, `scsi`, `virtio` or
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// `virtio-scsi`. The Qemu builder uses `virtio` by default.
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// Some ARM64 images require `virtio-scsi`.
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CDROMInterface string `mapstructure:"cdrom_interface" required:"false"`
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// TODO(mitchellh): deprecate
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RunOnce bool `mapstructure:"run_once"`
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ctx interpolate.Context
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}
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func (c *Config) Prepare(raws ...interface{}) ([]string, error) {
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err := config.Decode(c, &config.DecodeOpts{
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Interpolate: true,
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InterpolateContext: &c.ctx,
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InterpolateFilter: &interpolate.RenderFilter{
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Exclude: []string{
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"boot_command",
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"qemuargs",
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},
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},
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}, raws...)
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if err != nil {
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return nil, err
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}
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// Accumulate any errors and warnings
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var errs *packer.MultiError
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warnings := make([]string, 0)
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errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(errs, c.ShutdownConfig.Prepare(&c.ctx)...)
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if c.DiskSize == "" || c.DiskSize == "0" {
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c.DiskSize = "40960M"
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} else {
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// Make sure supplied disk size is valid
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// (digits, plus an optional valid unit character). e.g. 5000, 40G, 1t
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re := regexp.MustCompile(`^[\d]+(b|k|m|g|t){0,1}$`)
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matched := re.MatchString(strings.ToLower(c.DiskSize))
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if !matched {
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errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(errs, fmt.Errorf("Invalid disk size."))
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} else {
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// Okay, it's valid -- if it doesn't alreay have a suffix, then
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// append "M" as the default unit.
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re = regexp.MustCompile(`^[\d]+$`)
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matched = re.MatchString(strings.ToLower(c.DiskSize))
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if matched {
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// Needs M added.
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c.DiskSize = fmt.Sprintf("%sM", c.DiskSize)
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}
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}
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}
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if c.DiskCache == "" {
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c.DiskCache = "writeback"
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}
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if c.DiskDiscard == "" {
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c.DiskDiscard = "ignore"
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}
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if c.DetectZeroes == "" {
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c.DetectZeroes = "off"
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}
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if c.Accelerator == "" {
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if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
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c.Accelerator = "tcg"
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} else {
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// /dev/kvm is a kernel module that may be loaded if kvm is
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// installed and the host supports VT-x extensions. To make sure
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// this will actually work we need to os.Open() it. If os.Open fails
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// the kernel module was not installed or loaded correctly.
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if fp, err := os.Open("/dev/kvm"); err != nil {
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c.Accelerator = "tcg"
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} else {
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fp.Close()
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c.Accelerator = "kvm"
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}
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}
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log.Printf("use detected accelerator: %s", c.Accelerator)
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} else {
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log.Printf("use specified accelerator: %s", c.Accelerator)
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}
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if c.MachineType == "" {
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c.MachineType = "pc"
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}
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if c.OutputDir == "" {
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c.OutputDir = fmt.Sprintf("output-%s", c.PackerBuildName)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.QemuBinary == "" {
|
|
c.QemuBinary = "qemu-system-x86_64"
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.MemorySize < 10 {
|
|
log.Printf("MemorySize %d is too small, using default: 512", c.MemorySize)
|
|
c.MemorySize = 512
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.CpuCount < 1 {
|
|
log.Printf("CpuCount %d too small, using default: 1", c.CpuCount)
|
|
c.CpuCount = 1
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.VNCBindAddress == "" {
|
|
c.VNCBindAddress = "127.0.0.1"
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.VNCPortMin == 0 {
|
|
c.VNCPortMin = 5900
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.VNCPortMax == 0 {
|
|
c.VNCPortMax = 6000
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.VMName == "" {
|
|
c.VMName = fmt.Sprintf("packer-%s", c.PackerBuildName)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.Format == "" {
|
|
c.Format = "qcow2"
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(errs, c.FloppyConfig.Prepare(&c.ctx)...)
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(errs, c.CDConfig.Prepare(&c.ctx)...)
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(errs, c.VNCConfig.Prepare(&c.ctx)...)
|
|
|
|
if c.NetDevice == "" {
|
|
c.NetDevice = "virtio-net"
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.DiskInterface == "" {
|
|
c.DiskInterface = "virtio"
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.ISOSkipCache {
|
|
c.ISOChecksum = "none"
|
|
}
|
|
isoWarnings, isoErrs := c.ISOConfig.Prepare(&c.ctx)
|
|
warnings = append(warnings, isoWarnings...)
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(errs, isoErrs...)
|
|
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(errs, c.HTTPConfig.Prepare(&c.ctx)...)
|
|
commConfigWarnings, es := c.CommConfig.Prepare(&c.ctx)
|
|
if len(es) > 0 {
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(errs, es...)
|
|
}
|
|
warnings = append(warnings, commConfigWarnings...)
|
|
|
|
if !(c.Format == "qcow2" || c.Format == "raw") {
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(
|
|
errs, errors.New("invalid format, only 'qcow2' or 'raw' are allowed"))
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.Format != "qcow2" {
|
|
c.SkipCompaction = true
|
|
c.DiskCompression = false
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.UseBackingFile {
|
|
c.SkipCompaction = true
|
|
if !(c.DiskImage && c.Format == "qcow2") {
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(
|
|
errs, errors.New("use_backing_file can only be enabled for QCOW2 images and when disk_image is true"))
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.DiskImage && len(c.AdditionalDiskSize) > 0 {
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(
|
|
errs, errors.New("disk_additional_size can only be used when disk_image is false"))
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.SkipResizeDisk && !(c.DiskImage) {
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(
|
|
errs, errors.New("skip_resize_disk can only be used when disk_image is true"))
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if _, ok := accels[c.Accelerator]; !ok {
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(
|
|
errs, errors.New("invalid accelerator, only 'kvm', 'tcg', 'xen', 'hax', 'hvf', 'whpx', or 'none' are allowed"))
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if _, ok := diskInterface[c.DiskInterface]; !ok {
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(
|
|
errs, errors.New("unrecognized disk interface type"))
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if _, ok := diskCache[c.DiskCache]; !ok {
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(
|
|
errs, errors.New("unrecognized disk cache type"))
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if _, ok := diskDiscard[c.DiskDiscard]; !ok {
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(
|
|
errs, errors.New("unrecognized disk discard type"))
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if _, ok := diskDZeroes[c.DetectZeroes]; !ok {
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(
|
|
errs, errors.New("unrecognized disk detect zeroes setting"))
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if !c.PackerForce {
|
|
if _, err := os.Stat(c.OutputDir); err == nil {
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(
|
|
errs,
|
|
fmt.Errorf("Output directory '%s' already exists. It must not exist.", c.OutputDir))
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.VNCPortMin > c.VNCPortMax {
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(
|
|
errs, fmt.Errorf("vnc_port_min must be less than vnc_port_max"))
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.NetBridge != "" && runtime.GOOS != "linux" {
|
|
errs = packer.MultiErrorAppend(
|
|
errs, fmt.Errorf("net_bridge is only supported in Linux based OSes"))
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.NetBridge != "" || c.VNCUsePassword {
|
|
c.QMPEnable = true
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.QMPEnable && c.QMPSocketPath == "" {
|
|
socketName := fmt.Sprintf("%s.monitor", c.VMName)
|
|
c.QMPSocketPath = filepath.Join(c.OutputDir, socketName)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if c.QemuArgs == nil {
|
|
c.QemuArgs = make([][]string, 0)
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if errs != nil && len(errs.Errors) > 0 {
|
|
return warnings, errs
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return warnings, nil
|
|
|
|
}
|