258 lines
10 KiB
Plaintext
258 lines
10 KiB
Plaintext
---
|
|
description: |
|
|
The Packer Amazon Import post-processor takes an OVA artifact from various
|
|
builders and imports it to an AMI available to Amazon Web Services EC2.
|
|
page_title: Amazon Import - Post-Processors
|
|
sidebar_title: Amazon Import
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
# Amazon Import Post-Processor
|
|
|
|
Type: `amazon-import`
|
|
Artifact BuilderId: `packer.post-processor.amazon-import`
|
|
|
|
The Packer Amazon Import post-processor takes an OVA artifact from various
|
|
builders and imports it to an AMI available to Amazon Web Services EC2.
|
|
|
|
~> This post-processor is for advanced users. It depends on specific IAM
|
|
roles inside AWS and is best used with images that operate with the EC2
|
|
configuration model (eg, cloud-init for Linux systems). Please ensure you read
|
|
the [prerequisites for import](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/VMImportPrerequisites.html)
|
|
before using this post-processor.
|
|
|
|
## How Does it Work?
|
|
|
|
The import process operates making a temporary copy of the OVA to an S3 bucket,
|
|
and calling an import task in EC2 on the OVA file. Once completed, an AMI is
|
|
returned containing the converted virtual machine. The temporary OVA copy in S3
|
|
can be discarded after the import is complete.
|
|
|
|
The import process itself run by AWS includes modifications to the image
|
|
uploaded, to allow it to boot and operate in the AWS EC2 environment. However,
|
|
not all modifications required to make the machine run well in EC2 are
|
|
performed. Take care around console output from the machine, as debugging can
|
|
be very difficult without it. You may also want to include tools suitable for
|
|
instances in EC2 such as `cloud-init` for Linux.
|
|
|
|
Further information about the import process can be found in AWS's [EC2
|
|
Import/Export Instance
|
|
documentation](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/instances_of_your_vm.html).
|
|
|
|
## Configuration
|
|
|
|
There are some configuration options available for the post-processor. They are
|
|
segmented below into two categories: required and optional parameters. Within
|
|
each category, the available configuration keys are alphabetized.
|
|
|
|
Required:
|
|
|
|
- `access_key` (string) - The access key used to communicate with AWS. [Learn
|
|
how to set this.](/docs/builders/amazon#specifying-amazon-credentials)
|
|
|
|
- `region` (string) - The name of the region, such as `us-east-1` in which to
|
|
upload the OVA file to S3 and create the AMI. A list of valid regions can
|
|
be obtained with AWS CLI tools or by consulting the AWS website.
|
|
|
|
- `s3_bucket_name` (string) - The name of the S3 bucket where the OVA file
|
|
will be copied to for import. This bucket must exist when the
|
|
post-processor is run.
|
|
|
|
- `secret_key` (string) - The secret key used to communicate with AWS. [Learn
|
|
how to set this.](/docs/builders/amazon#specifying-amazon-credentials)
|
|
|
|
Optional:
|
|
|
|
- `ami_description` (string) - The description to set for the resulting
|
|
imported AMI. By default this description is generated by the AMI import
|
|
process.
|
|
|
|
- `ami_encrypt` (boolean) - Encrypt the resulting AMI using KMS. This defaults
|
|
to `false`.
|
|
|
|
- `ami_groups` (array of strings) - A list of groups that have access to
|
|
launch the imported AMI. By default no groups have permission to launch the
|
|
AMI. `all` will make the AMI publicly accessible. AWS currently doesn't
|
|
accept any value other than "all".
|
|
|
|
- `ami_kms_key` (string) - The ID of the KMS key used to encrypt the AMI
|
|
if `ami_encrypt` is true. If set, the role specified in `role_name` must
|
|
be granted access to use this key. If not set, the account default KMS key
|
|
will be used.
|
|
|
|
- `ami_name` (string) - The name of the ami within the console. If not
|
|
specified, this will default to something like `ami-import-sfwerwf`. Please
|
|
note, specifying this option will result in a slightly longer execution
|
|
time.
|
|
|
|
- `ami_users` (array of strings) - A list of account IDs that have access to
|
|
launch the imported AMI. By default no additional users other than the user
|
|
importing the AMI has permission to launch it.
|
|
|
|
- `custom_endpoint_ec2` (string) - This option is useful if you use a cloud
|
|
provider whose API is compatible with aws EC2. Specify another endpoint
|
|
like this `https://ec2.custom.endpoint.com`.
|
|
|
|
- `format` (string) - One of: `ova`, `raw`, `vhd`, `vhdx`, or `vmdk`. This
|
|
specifies the format of the source virtual machine image. The resulting
|
|
artifact from the builder is assumed to have a file extension matching the
|
|
format. This defaults to `ova`.
|
|
|
|
- `insecure_skip_tls_verify` (boolean) - This allows skipping TLS
|
|
verification of the AWS EC2 endpoint. The default is `false`.
|
|
|
|
- `keep_input_artifact` (boolean) - if true, do not delete the source virtual
|
|
machine image after importing it to the cloud. Defaults to false.
|
|
|
|
- `license_type` (string) - The license type to be used for the Amazon
|
|
Machine Image (AMI) after importing. Valid values: `AWS` or `BYOL`
|
|
(default). For more details regarding licensing, see
|
|
[Prerequisites](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/VMImportPrerequisites.html)
|
|
in the VM Import/Export User Guide.
|
|
|
|
- `mfa_code` (string) - The MFA
|
|
[TOTP](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-based_One-time_Password_Algorithm)
|
|
code. This should probably be a user variable since it changes all the
|
|
time.
|
|
|
|
- `profile` (string) - The profile to use in the shared credentials file for
|
|
AWS. See Amazon's documentation on [specifying
|
|
profiles](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-go/v1/developer-guide/configuring-sdk.html#specifying-profiles)
|
|
for more details.
|
|
|
|
- `role_name` (string) - The name of the role to use when not using the
|
|
default role, 'vmimport'
|
|
|
|
- `s3_encryption` (string) - One of: `aws:kms`, or `AES256`. The algorithm
|
|
used to encrypt the artifact in S3. This **does not** encrypt the
|
|
resulting AMI, and is only used to encrypt the uploaded artifact before
|
|
it becomes an AMI. By default no encryption is used.
|
|
|
|
- `s3_encryption_key` (string) - The KMS key ID to use when `aws:kms` is
|
|
specified in `s3_encryption`. This setting is ignored if AES is used
|
|
as Amazon does not currently support custom AES keys when using the VM
|
|
import service. If set, the role specified in `role_name` must be granted
|
|
access to use this key. If not set, and `s3_encryption` is set to `aws:kms`,
|
|
the account default KMS key will be used.
|
|
|
|
- `s3_key_name` (string) - The name of the key in `s3_bucket_name` where the
|
|
OVA file will be copied to for import. If not specified, this will default
|
|
to "packer-import-{{timestamp}}.ova". This key (i.e., the uploaded OVA)
|
|
will be removed after import, unless `skip_clean` is `true`. This is
|
|
treated as a [template engine](/docs/templates/legacy_json_templates/engine). Therefore, you
|
|
may use user variables and template functions in this field.
|
|
|
|
- `skip_clean` (boolean) - Whether we should skip removing the OVA file
|
|
uploaded to S3 after the import process has completed. "true" means that we
|
|
should leave it in the S3 bucket, "false" means to clean it out. Defaults
|
|
to `false`.
|
|
|
|
- `skip_region_validation` (boolean) - Set to true if you want to skip
|
|
validation of the region configuration option. Default `false`.
|
|
|
|
- `tags` (object of key/value strings) - Tags applied to the created AMI and
|
|
relevant snapshots.
|
|
|
|
- `token` (string) - The access token to use. This is different from the
|
|
access key and secret key. If you're not sure what this is, then you
|
|
probably don't need it. This will also be read from the `AWS_SESSION_TOKEN`
|
|
environmental variable.
|
|
|
|
## Basic Example
|
|
|
|
Here is a basic example. This assumes that the builder has produced an OVA
|
|
artifact for us to work with, and IAM roles for import exist in the AWS account
|
|
being imported into.
|
|
|
|
```json
|
|
{
|
|
"type": "amazon-import",
|
|
"access_key": "YOUR KEY HERE",
|
|
"secret_key": "YOUR SECRET KEY HERE",
|
|
"region": "us-east-1",
|
|
"s3_bucket_name": "importbucket",
|
|
"license_type": "BYOL",
|
|
"tags": {
|
|
"Description": "packer amazon-import {{timestamp}}"
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## VMWare Example
|
|
|
|
This is an example that uses `vmware-iso` builder and exports the `.ova` file
|
|
using ovftool.
|
|
|
|
```json
|
|
"post-processors" : [
|
|
[
|
|
{
|
|
"type": "shell-local",
|
|
"inline": [ "/usr/bin/ovftool <packer-output-directory>/<vmware-name>.vmx <packer-output-directory>/<vmware-name>.ova" ]
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"files": [
|
|
"<packer-output-directory>/<vmware-name>.ova"
|
|
],
|
|
"type": "artifice"
|
|
},
|
|
{
|
|
"type": "amazon-import",
|
|
"access_key": "YOUR KEY HERE",
|
|
"secret_key": "YOUR SECRET KEY HERE",
|
|
"region": "us-east-1",
|
|
"s3_bucket_name": "importbucket",
|
|
"license_type": "BYOL",
|
|
"tags": {
|
|
"Description": "packer amazon-import {{timestamp}}"
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
]
|
|
]
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Amazon Permissions
|
|
|
|
You'll need at least the following permissions in the policy for your IAM user
|
|
in order to successfully upload an image via the amazon-import post-processor.
|
|
|
|
```json
|
|
("ec2:CancelImportTask",
|
|
"ec2:CopyImage",
|
|
"ec2:CreateTags",
|
|
"ec2:DescribeImages",
|
|
"ec2:DescribeImportImageTasks",
|
|
"ec2:ImportImage",
|
|
"ec2:ModifyImageAttribute",
|
|
"ec2:DeregisterImage")
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
## Troubleshooting Timeouts
|
|
|
|
The amazon-import feature can take a long time to upload and convert your OVAs
|
|
into AMIs; if you find that your build is failing because you have exceeded
|
|
your max retries or find yourself being rate limited, you can override the max
|
|
retries and the delay in between retries by setting the environment variables
|
|
`AWS_MAX_ATTEMPTS` and `AWS_POLL_DELAY_SECONDS` on the machine running the
|
|
Packer build. By default, the waiter that waits for your image to be imported
|
|
from s3 will retry for up to an hour: it retries up to 720 times with a 5
|
|
second delay in between retries.
|
|
|
|
This is dramatically higher than many of our other waiters, to account for how
|
|
long this process can take.
|
|
|
|
-> **Note:** Packer can also read the access key and secret access key from
|
|
environmental variables. See the configuration reference in the section above
|
|
for more information on what environmental variables Packer will look for.
|
|
|
|
This will take the OVA generated by a builder and upload it to S3. In this
|
|
case, an existing bucket called `importbucket` in the `us-east-1` region will
|
|
be where the copy is placed. The key name of the copy will be a default name
|
|
generated by packer.
|
|
|
|
Once uploaded, the import process will start, creating an AMI in the
|
|
"us-east-1" region with a "Description" tag applied to both the AMI and the
|
|
snapshots associated with it. Note: the import process does not allow you to
|
|
name the AMI, the name is automatically generated by AWS.
|
|
|
|
After tagging is completed, the OVA uploaded to S3 will be removed.
|