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Embedding ActiveMQ

ActiveMQ is designed as set of simple Plain Old Java Objects (POJOs). This means ActiveMQ can be instantiated and run in any dependency injection framework such as Spring or Google Guice. It also means that if you have an application that could use messaging functionality internally, then it can directly instantiate ActiveMQ clients and servers in its own application code to perform that functionality. We call this embedding ActiveMQ.

Examples of applications that might want to do this include any application that needs very high performance, transactional, persistent messaging but doesn't want the hassle of writing it all from scratch.

Embedding ActiveMQ can be done in very few easy steps. Instantiate the configuration object, instantiate the server, start it, and you have a ActiveMQ running in your virtual machine. It's as simple and easy as that.

Simple Config File Embedding

The simplest way to embed ActiveMQ is to use the embedded wrapper classes and configure ActiveMQ through its configuration files. There are two different helper classes for this depending on whether your using the ActiveMQ Core API or JMS.

Core API Only

For instantiating a core ActiveMQ Server only, the steps are pretty simple. The example requires that you have defined a configuration file activemq-configuration.xml in your classpath:

import org.apache.activemq.core.server.embedded.EmbeddedActiveMQ;

...

EmbeddedActiveMQ embedded = new EmbeddedActiveMQ();
embedded.start();

ClientSessionFactory nettyFactory =  ActiveMQClient.createClientSessionFactory(
                                        new TransportConfiguration(
                                           InVMConnectorFactory.class.getName()));

ClientSession session = factory.createSession();

session.createQueue("example", "example", true);

ClientProducer producer = session.createProducer("example");

ClientMessage message = session.createMessage(true);

message.getBody().writeString("Hello");

producer.send(message);

session.start();

ClientConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer("example");

ClientMessage msgReceived = consumer.receive();

System.out.println("message = " + msgReceived.getBody().readString());

session.close();

The EmbeddedActiveMQ class has a few additional setter methods that allow you to specify a different config file name as well as other properties. See the javadocs for this class for more details.

JMS API

JMS embedding is simple as well. This example requires that you have defined the config files activemq-configuration.xml, activemq-jms.xml, and a activemq-users.xml if you have security enabled. Let's also assume that a queue and connection factory has been defined in the activemq-jms.xml config file.

import org.apache.activemq.jms.server.embedded.EmbeddedJMS;

...

EmbeddedJMS jms = new EmbeddedJMS();
jms.start();

// This assumes we have configured activemq-jms.xml with the appropriate config information
ConnectionFactory connectionFactory = jms.lookup("ConnectionFactory");
Destination destination = jms.lookup("/example/queue");

... regular JMS code ...

By default, the EmbeddedJMS class will store component entries defined within your activemq-jms.xml file in an internal concurrent hash map. The EmbeddedJMS.lookup() method returns components stored in this map. If you want to use JNDI, call the EmbeddedJMS.setContext() method with the root JNDI context you want your components bound into. See the javadocs for this class for more details on other config options.

POJO instantiation - Embedding Programmatically

You can follow this step-by-step guide to programmatically embed the core, non-JMS ActiveMQ Server instance:

Create the configuration object - this contains configuration information for a ActiveMQ instance. The setter methods of this class allow you to programmatically set configuration options as describe in the Server Configuration section.

The acceptors are configured through ConfigurationImpl. Just add the NettyAcceptorFactory on the transports the same way you would through the main configuration file.

import org.apache.activemq.core.config.Configuration;
import org.apache.activemq.core.config.impl.ConfigurationImpl;

...

Configuration config = new ConfigurationImpl();
HashSet<TransportConfiguration> transports = new HashSet<TransportConfiguration>();
      
transports.add(new TransportConfiguration(NettyAcceptorFactory.class.getName()));
transports.add(new TransportConfiguration(InVMAcceptorFactory.class.getName()));

config.setAcceptorConfigurations(transports);

You need to instantiate an instance of org.apache.activemq.api.core.server.embedded.EmbeddedActiveMQ and add the configuration object to it.

import org.apache.activemq.api.core.server.ActiveMQ;
import org.apache.activemq.core.server.embedded.EmbeddedActiveMQ;

...

EmbeddedActiveMQ server = new EmbeddedActiveMQ();
server.setConfiguration(config);

server.start();

You also have the option of instantiating ActiveMQServerImpl directly:

ActiveMQServer server = new ActiveMQServerImpl(config);
server.start();

For JMS POJO instantiation, you work with the EmbeddedJMS class instead as described earlier. First you define the configuration programmatically for your ConnectionFactory and Destination objects, then set the JmsConfiguration property of the EmbeddedJMS class. Here is an example of this:

// Step 1. Create ActiveMQ core configuration, and set the properties accordingly
Configuration configuration = new ConfigurationImpl();
configuration.setPersistenceEnabled(false);
configuration.setSecurityEnabled(false);
configuration.getAcceptorConfigurations().add(new TransportConfiguration(NettyAcceptorFactory.class.getName()));

// Step 2. Create the JMS configuration
JMSConfiguration jmsConfig = new JMSConfigurationImpl();

// Step 3. Configure the JMS ConnectionFactory
TransportConfiguration connectorConfig = new TransportConfiguration(NettyConnectorFactory.class.getName());
ConnectionFactoryConfiguration cfConfig = new ConnectionFactoryConfigurationImpl("cf", connectorConfig, "/cf");
jmsConfig.getConnectionFactoryConfigurations().add(cfConfig);

// Step 4. Configure the JMS Queue
JMSQueueConfiguration queueConfig = new JMSQueueConfigurationImpl("queue1", null, false, "/queue/queue1");
jmsConfig.getQueueConfigurations().add(queueConfig);

// Step 5. Start the JMS Server using the ActiveMQ core server and the JMS configuration
EmbeddedJMS jmsServer = new EmbeddedJMS();
jmsServer.setConfiguration(configuration);
jmsServer.setJmsConfiguration(jmsConfig);
jmsServer.start();

Please see ? for an example which shows how to setup and run ActiveMQ embedded with JMS.

Dependency Frameworks

You may also choose to use a dependency injection framework such as The Spring Framework. See Spring Integration for more details on Spring and ActiveMQ.

ActiveMQ standalone uses Airline to bootstrap.

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