mirror of https://github.com/apache/druid.git
100 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
100 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
---
|
|
id: sql-operators
|
|
title: "Druid SQL Operators"
|
|
sidebar_label: "Operators"
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
<!--
|
|
~ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
|
|
~ or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
|
|
~ distributed with this work for additional information
|
|
~ regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
|
|
~ to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
|
|
~ "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
|
|
~ with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
|
|
~
|
|
~ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
|
|
~
|
|
~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
|
|
~ software distributed under the License is distributed on an
|
|
~ "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
|
|
~ KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
|
|
~ specific language governing permissions and limitations
|
|
~ under the License.
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
<!--
|
|
The format of the tables that describe the functions and operators
|
|
should not be changed without updating the script create-sql-docs
|
|
in web-console/script/create-sql-docs, because the script detects
|
|
patterns in this markdown file and parse it to TypeScript file for web console
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
> Apache Druid supports two query languages: Druid SQL and [native queries](querying.md).
|
|
> This document describes the SQL language.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operators in [Druid SQL](./sql.md) typically operate on one or two values and return a result based on the values. Types of operators in Druid SQL include arithmetic, comparison, logical, and more, as described here.
|
|
|
|
## Arithmetic operators
|
|
|
|
|Operator|Description|
|
|
|--------|-----------|
|
|
|`x + y` |Add|
|
|
|`x - y` |Subtract|
|
|
|`x * y` |Multiply|
|
|
|`x / y` |Divide|
|
|
|
|
## Datetime arithmetic operators
|
|
|
|
For the datetime arithmetic operators, `interval_expr` can include interval literals like `INTERVAL '2' HOUR`.
|
|
This operator treats days as uniformly 86400 seconds long, and does not take into account daylight savings time.
|
|
To account for daylight savings time, use the [`TIME_SHIFT` function](sql-scalar.md#date-and-time-functions).
|
|
Also see [`TIMESTAMPADD`](sql-scalar.md#date-and-time-functions) for datetime arithmetic.
|
|
|
|
|Operator|Description|
|
|
|--------|-----------|
|
|
|`timestamp_expr + interval_expr`|Add an amount of time to a timestamp.|
|
|
|`timestamp_expr - interval_expr`|Subtract an amount of time from a timestamp.|
|
|
|
|
## Concatenation operator
|
|
Also see the [CONCAT function](sql-scalar.md#string-functions).
|
|
|
|
|Operator|Description|
|
|
|--------|-----------|
|
|
|<code>x || y</code>|Concatenate strings `x` and `y`.|
|
|
|
|
## Comparison operators
|
|
|
|
|Operator|Description|
|
|
|--------|-----------|
|
|
|`x = y` |Equal to|
|
|
|`x <> y`|Not equal to|
|
|
|`x > y` |Greater than|
|
|
|`x >= y`|Greater than or equal to|
|
|
|`x < y` |Less than|
|
|
|`x <= y`|Less than or equal to|
|
|
|
|
## Logical operators
|
|
|
|
|Operator|Description|
|
|
|--------|-----------|
|
|
|`x AND y`|Boolean AND|
|
|
|`x OR y`|Boolean OR|
|
|
|`NOT x`|Boolean NOT|
|
|
|`x IS NULL`|True if _x_ is NULL or empty string|
|
|
|`x IS NOT NULL`|True if _x_ is neither NULL nor empty string|
|
|
|`x IS TRUE`|True if _x_ is true|
|
|
|`x IS NOT TRUE`|True if _x_ is not true|
|
|
|`x IS FALSE`|True if _x_ is false|
|
|
|`x IS NOT FALSE`|True if _x_ is not false|
|
|
|`x BETWEEN y AND z`|Equivalent to `x >= y AND x <= z`|
|
|
|`x NOT BETWEEN y AND z`|Equivalent to `x < y OR x > z`|
|
|
|`x LIKE pattern [ESCAPE esc]`|True if _x_ matches a SQL LIKE pattern (with an optional escape)|
|
|
|`x NOT LIKE pattern [ESCAPE esc]`|True if _x_ does not match a SQL LIKE pattern (with an optional escape)|
|
|
|`x IN (values)`|True if _x_ is one of the listed values|
|
|
|`x NOT IN (values)`|True if _x_ is not one of the listed values|
|
|
|`x IN (subquery)`|True if _x_ is returned by the subquery. This will be translated into a join; see [Query translation](sql-translation.md) for details.|
|
|
|`x NOT IN (subquery)`|True if _x_ is not returned by the subquery. This will be translated into a join; see [Query translation](sql-translation.md) for details.|
|