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doc_page Apache Druid (incubating) Firehoses

Apache Druid (incubating) Firehoses

Firehoses are used in native batch ingestion tasks, stream push tasks automatically created by Tranquility, and the stream-pull (deprecated) ingestion model.

They are pluggable and thus the configuration schema can and will vary based on the type of the firehose.

Field Type Description Required
type String Specifies the type of firehose. Each value will have its own configuration schema, firehoses packaged with Druid are described below. yes

Additional Firehoses

There are several firehoses readily available in Druid, some are meant for examples, others can be used directly in a production environment.

For additional firehoses, please see our extensions list.

LocalFirehose

This Firehose can be used to read the data from files on local disk. It can be used for POCs to ingest data on disk. This firehose is splittable and can be used by native parallel index tasks. Since each split represents a file in this firehose, each worker task of index_parallel will read a file. A sample local firehose spec is shown below:

{
    "type"    : "local",
    "filter"   : "*.csv",
    "baseDir"  : "/data/directory"
}
property description required?
type This should be "local". yes
filter A wildcard filter for files. See here for more information. yes
baseDir directory to search recursively for files to be ingested. yes

HttpFirehose

This Firehose can be used to read the data from remote sites via HTTP. This firehose is splittable and can be used by native parallel index tasks. Since each split represents a file in this firehose, each worker task of index_parallel will read a file. A sample http firehose spec is shown below:

{
    "type"    : "http",
    "uris"  : ["http://example.com/uri1", "http://example2.com/uri2"]
}

The below configurations can be optionally used if the URIs specified in the spec require a Basic Authentication Header. Omitting these fields from your spec will result in HTTP requests with no Basic Authentication Header.

property description default
httpAuthenticationUsername Username to use for authentication with specified URIs None
httpAuthenticationPassword PasswordProvider to use with specified URIs None

Example with authentication fields using the DefaultPassword provider (this requires the password to be in the ingestion spec):

{
    "type": "http",
    "uris": ["http://example.com/uri1", "http://example2.com/uri2"],
    "httpAuthenticationUsername": "username",
    "httpAuthenticationPassword": "password123"
}

You can also use the other existing Druid PasswordProviders. Here is an example using the EnvironmentVariablePasswordProvider:

{
    "type": "http",
    "uris": ["http://example.com/uri1", "http://example2.com/uri2"],
    "httpAuthenticationUsername": "username",
    "httpAuthenticationPassword": {
        "type": "environment",
        "variable": "HTTP_FIREHOSE_PW"
    }
}

The below configurations can be optionally used for tuning the firehose performance.

property description default
maxCacheCapacityBytes Maximum size of the cache space in bytes. 0 means disabling cache. Cached files are not removed until the ingestion task completes. 1073741824
maxFetchCapacityBytes Maximum size of the fetch space in bytes. 0 means disabling prefetch. Prefetched files are removed immediately once they are read. 1073741824
prefetchTriggerBytes Threshold to trigger prefetching http objects. maxFetchCapacityBytes / 2
fetchTimeout Timeout for fetching a http object. 60000
maxFetchRetry Maximum retry for fetching a http object. 3

IngestSegmentFirehose

This Firehose can be used to read the data from existing druid segments. It can be used to ingest existing druid segments using a new schema and change the name, dimensions, metrics, rollup, etc. of the segment. This firehose is splittable and can be used by native parallel index tasks. A sample ingest firehose spec is shown below -

{
    "type"    : "ingestSegment",
    "dataSource"   : "wikipedia",
    "interval" : "2013-01-01/2013-01-02"
}
property description required?
type This should be "ingestSegment". yes
dataSource A String defining the data source to fetch rows from, very similar to a table in a relational database yes
interval A String representing ISO-8601 Interval. This defines the time range to fetch the data over. yes
dimensions The list of dimensions to select. If left empty, no dimensions are returned. If left null or not defined, all dimensions are returned. no
metrics The list of metrics to select. If left empty, no metrics are returned. If left null or not defined, all metrics are selected. no
filter See Filters no
maxInputSegmentBytesPerTask When used with the native parallel index task, the maximum number of bytes of input segments to process in a single task. If a single segment is larger than this number, it will be processed by itself in a single task (input segments are never split across tasks). Defaults to 150MB. no

SqlFirehose

SqlFirehoseFactory can be used to ingest events residing in RDBMS. The database connection information is provided as part of the ingestion spec. For each query, the results are fetched locally and indexed. If there are multiple queries from which data needs to be indexed, queries are prefetched in the background upto maxFetchCapacityBytes bytes.

Requires one of the following extensions:

{
    "type" : "sql",
    "database": {
        "type": "mysql",
        "connectorConfig" : {
            "connectURI" : "jdbc:mysql://host:port/schema",
            "user" : "user",
            "password" : "password"
        }
     },
    "sqls" : ["SELECT * FROM table1", "SELECT * FROM table2"]
}
property description default required?
type This should be "sql". Yes
database Specifies the database connection details. Yes
maxCacheCapacityBytes Maximum size of the cache space in bytes. 0 means disabling cache. Cached files are not removed until the ingestion task completes. 1073741824 No
maxFetchCapacityBytes Maximum size of the fetch space in bytes. 0 means disabling prefetch. Prefetched files are removed immediately once they are read. 1073741824 No
prefetchTriggerBytes Threshold to trigger prefetching SQL result objects. maxFetchCapacityBytes / 2 No
fetchTimeout Timeout for fetching the result set. 60000 No
foldCase Toggle case folding of database column names. This may be enabled in cases where the database returns case insensitive column names in query results. false No
sqls List of SQL queries where each SQL query would retrieve the data to be indexed. Yes

Database

property description default required?
type The type of database to query. Valid values are mysql and postgresql_ Yes
connectorConfig specify the database connection properties via connectURI, user and password Yes

CombiningFirehose

This firehose can be used to combine and merge data from a list of different firehoses. This can be used to merge data from more than one firehose.

{
    "type"  :   "combining",
    "delegates" : [ { firehose1 }, { firehose2 }, ..... ]
}
property description required?
type This should be "combining" yes
delegates list of firehoses to combine data from yes

Streaming Firehoses

The firehoses shown below should only be used with the stream-pull (deprecated) ingestion model, as they are not suitable for batch ingestion.

The EventReceiverFirehose is also used in tasks automatically generated by Tranquility stream push.

EventReceiverFirehose

EventReceiverFirehoseFactory can be used to ingest events using an http endpoint.

{
  "type": "receiver",
  "serviceName": "eventReceiverServiceName",
  "bufferSize": 10000
}

When using this firehose, events can be sent by submitting a POST request to the http endpoint:

http://<peonHost>:<port>/druid/worker/v1/chat/<eventReceiverServiceName>/push-events/

property description required?
type This should be "receiver" yes
serviceName Name used to announce the event receiver service endpoint yes
maxIdleTime A firehose is automatically shut down after not receiving any events for this period of time, in milliseconds. If not specified, a firehose is never shut down due to being idle. Zero and negative values have the same effect. no
bufferSize Size of buffer used by firehose to store events no, default is 100000

Shut down time for EventReceiverFirehose can be specified by submitting a POST request to

http://<peonHost>:<port>/druid/worker/v1/chat/<eventReceiverServiceName>/shutdown?shutoffTime=<shutoffTime>

If shutOffTime is not specified, the firehose shuts off immediately.

TimedShutoffFirehose

This can be used to start a firehose that will shut down at a specified time. An example is shown below:

{
    "type"  :   "timed",
    "shutoffTime": "2015-08-25T01:26:05.119Z",
    "delegate": {
          "type": "receiver",
          "serviceName": "eventReceiverServiceName",
          "bufferSize": 100000
     }
}
property description required?
type This should be "timed" yes
shutoffTime time at which the firehose should shut down, in ISO8601 format yes
delegate firehose to use yes