druid/docs/content/Druid-vs-Hadoop.md

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Druid is a complementary addition to Hadoop. Hadoop is great at storing and making accessible large amounts of individually low-value data. Unfortunately, Hadoop is not great at providing query speed guarantees on top of that data, nor does it have very good operational characteristics for a customer-facing production system. Druid, on the other hand, excels at taking high-value summaries of the low-value data on Hadoop, making it available in a fast and always-on fashion, such that it could be exposed directly to a customer.

Druid also requires some infrastructure to exist for deep storage. HDFS is one of the implemented options for this deep storage.