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Developing under OS X
These instructions assume you have read and understood the Discourse Advanced Developer Install Guide.
OS X has become a popular platform for developing Ruby on Rails applications; as such, if you run OS X, you might find it more congenial to work on Discourse in your native environment. These instructions should get you there.
Obviously, if you already develop Ruby on OS X, a lot of this will be redundant, because you'll have already done it, or something like it. If that's the case, you may well be able to just install Ruby 2.6+ using RVM and get started! Discourse has enough dependencies, however (note: not a criticism!) that there's a good chance you'll find something else in this document that's useful for getting your Discourse development started!
UTF-8
OS X 10.8 uses UTF-8 by default. You can, of course, double-check this by examining LANG, which appears to be the only relevant environment variable.
You should see this:
$ echo $LANG
en_US.UTF-8
OS X Development Tools
As the RVM website makes clear, there are some serious issues between MRI Ruby and the modern Xcode command line tools, which are based on CLANG and LLVM, rather than classic GCC.
This means that you need to do a little bit of groundwork if you do not already have an environment that you know for certain yields working rubies and gems.
You will want to install Xcode Command Line Tools. If you already have Xcode installed, you can do this from within Xcode's preferences. You can also install just the command line tools, without the rest of Xcode, at Apple's developer site. You will need these more for some of the headers they include than the compilers themselves.
You will then need the old GCC-4.2 compilers, which leads us to...
Homebrew
Homebrew is a package manager for ports of various Open Source packages that Apple doesn't already include (or newer versions of the ones they do), and competes in that space with MacPorts and a few others. Brew is very different from Apt, in that it often installs from source, and almost always installs development files as well as binaries, especially for libraries, so there are no special "-dev" packages.
RVM (below) can automatically install homebrew for you with the autolibs setting, but doesn't install the GCC-4.2 compiler package when it does so, possibly because that package is not part of the mainstream homebrew repository.
So, you will need to install Homebrew separately, based on the instructions at the website above, and then run the following from the command line:
brew tap homebrew/dupes # roughly the same to adding a repo to apt/sources.list
brew install apple-gcc42
gcc-4.2 -v # Test that it's installed and available
(You may note the Homebrew installation script requires ruby. This is not a chicken-and-egg problem; OS X 10.8 comes with ruby 1.8.7)
RVM and Ruby
While some people dislike magic, I recommend letting RVM do most of the dirty work for you.
RVM from scratch
If you don't have RVM installed, the "official" install command line on rvm.io will take care of just about everything you need, including installing Homebrew if you don't already have it installed. If you do, it will bring things up to date and use it to install the packages it needs.
curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --rails --autolibs=enabled
Updating RVM
If you do already have RVM installed, this should make sure everything is up to date for what you'll need.
rvm get stable
# Tell RVM to install anything its missing. Use '4' if homebrew isn't installed either.
rvm autolibs 3
# This will install baseline requirements that might be missing, including homebrew.
# If autolibs is set to 0-2, it will give an error for things that are missing, instead.
rvm requirements
Either way, you'll now want to install Ruby 2.6+ (we recommend 2.6.2 or higher).
# Now, install Ruby
rvm install 2.6.2
rvm use 2.6.2 --default # Careful with this if you're already developing Ruby
Git
Command line
OS X comes with Git (which is why the LibXML2 dance above will work before this step!), but I recommend you update to Homebrew's version:
brew install git
You should now be able to check out a clone of Discourse.
SourceTree
Atlassian has a free Git client for OS X called SourceTree which can be extremely useful for keeping visual track of what's going on in Git-land. While it's arguably not a full substitute for command-line git (especially if you know the command line well), it's extremely powerful for a GUI version-control client.
Postgres 10
OS X might ship with Postgres 9.x, but you're better off going with 10 and above from Homebrew or Postgres.app.
Using Postgres.app
After installing Postgres.app, there are some additional setup steps that are necessary for discourse to create a database on your machine.
Open this file:
~/Library/Application Support/Postgres/var-9.3/postgresql.conf
And change these two lines so that postgres will create a socket in the folder discourse expects it to:
unix_socket_directories = '/var/pgsql_socket' # comma-separated list of directories
#and
unix_socket_permissions = 0777 # begin with 0 to use octal notation
Then create the '/var/pgsql_socket/' folder and set up the appropriate permission in your bash (this requires admin access)
sudo mkdir /var/pgsql_socket
sudo chmod 770 /var/pgsql_socket
sudo chown root:staff /var/pgsql_socket
Now you can restart Postgres.app and it will use this socket. Make sure you not only restart the app but kill any processes that may be left behind. You can view these processes with this bash command:
netstat -ln | grep PGSQL
And you should be good to go!
Troubleshooting
If you get this error when starting psql from the command line:
psql: could not connect to server: No such file or directory
Is the server running locally and accepting
connections on Unix domain socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"?
it is because it is still looking in the /tmp directory and not in /var/pgsql_socket.
If running psql -h /var/pgsql_socket works then you need to configure the host in your .bash_profile:
export PGHOST="/var/pgsql_socket"
Then make sure to reload your config with: source ~/.bash_profile. Now psql should work.
Using Homebrew:
Whereas Ubuntu installs postgres with 'postgres' as the default superuser, Homebrew installs it with the user who installed it... but with 'postgres' as the default database. Go figure.
However, the seed data currently has some dependencies on their being a 'postgres' user, so we create one below.
In theory, you're not setting up with vagrant, either, and shouldn't need a vagrant user; however, again, all the seed data assumes 'vagrant'. To avoid headaches, it's probably best to go with this flow, so again, we create a 'vagrant' user.
brew install postgresql
ln -sfv /usr/local/opt/postgresql/*.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents
export PATH=/usr/local/opt/postgresql/bin:$PATH # You may want to put this in your default path!
initdb /usr/local/var/postgres -E utf8
launchctl unload ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.postgresql.plist
launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.postgresql.plist
Seed data relies on both 'postgres' and 'vagrant'
createuser --createdb --superuser postgres
createuser --createdb --superuser vagrant
psql -d postgres -c "ALTER USER vagrant WITH PASSWORD 'password';"
psql -d postgres -c "create database discourse_development owner vagrant encoding 'UTF8' TEMPLATE template0;"
psql -d postgres -c "create database discourse_test owner vagrant encoding 'UTF8' TEMPLATE template0;"
psql -d discourse_development -c "CREATE EXTENSION hstore;"
psql -d discourse_development -c "CREATE EXTENSION pg_trgm;"
You should not need to alter /usr/local/var/postgres/pg_hba.conf
Redis
brew install redis
ln -sfv /usr/local/opt/redis/*.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents
launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/homebrew.mxcl.redis.plist
That's about it.
Google Chrome 59+
Chrome is used for running QUnit tests in headless mode.
Download from https://www.google.com/chrome/index.html
ImageMagick
ImageMagick is used for generating avatars (including for test fixtures).
brew install imagemagick
ImageMagick is going to want to use the Helvetica font to generate the letter-avatars. To make it available we need to extract it from the system fonts:
brew install fontforge
cd ~/Library/Fonts
export HELVETICA_FONT=/System/Library/Fonts/Helvetica.ttc # The extension might be dfont instead
fontforge -c "[open(u'%s(%s)' % ('$HELVETICA_FONT', font)).generate('%s.ttf' % font) for font in fontsInFile('$HELVETICA_FONT')]"
mkdir ~/.magick
cd ~/.magick
curl https://legacy.imagemagick.org/Usage/scripts/imagick_type_gen > type_gen
find /System/Library/Fonts /Library/Fonts ~/Library/Fonts -name "*.[to]tf" | perl type_gen -f - > type.xml
cd /usr/local/Cellar/imagemagick/<version>/etc/ImageMagick-6
Edit system config file called "type.xml" and add line near end to tell IM to look at local file we made in earlier step
<typemap>
<include file="type-ghostscript.xml" />
<include file="~/.magick/type.xml" /> ### THIS LINE ADDED
</typemap>
Sending email (SMTP)
By default, development.rb will attempt to connect locally to send email.
config.action_mailer.smtp_settings = { address: "localhost", port: 1025 }
Set up MailHog so the app can intercept outbound email and you can verify what is being sent.
Additional Image Tooling
In addition to ImageMagick we also need to install some other image related software:
brew install jpegoptim optipng jhead
npm install -g svgo
Setting up your Discourse
Check out the repository
git clone git@github.com:discourse/discourse.git
cd discourse # Navigate into the repository, and stay there for the rest of this how-to
What about the config files?
If you've stuck to all the defaults above, the default discourse.conf and redis.conf should work out of the box.
Install the needed gems
bundle install
Prepare your database
# run this if there was a pre-existing database
bundle exec rake db:drop
RAILS_ENV=test bundle exec rake db:drop
# time to create the database and run migrations
bundle exec rake db:create
bundle exec rake db:migrate
RAILS_ENV=test bundle exec rake db:create db:migrate
Now, test it out!
bundle exec rspec
All specs should pass
Deal with any problems which arise.
Reset the environment as a possible solution to failed rspec tests. These commands assume an empty Discourse database, and an otherwise empty redis environment. CAREFUL HERE
RAILS_ENV=test rake db:drop db:create db:migrate
redis-cli flushall
bundle exec rspec # re-running to see if tests pass
Search https://meta.discourse.org for solutions to other problems.