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Discourse Install Guide on Ubuntu

What kind of hardware do you have?

  • We strongly recommend 2GB of memory minimum if you don't want to deal with swap partitions during the install.
  • We recommend at least a dual core CPU.

You can get away with less than this if you are careful -- 1 GB of memory and a single core CPU are the minimums -- but it's simpler to just throw a bit more hardware at the problem.

Install Ubuntu Server 12.04 LTS with the package groups:

screenshot of package group selection screen

  • Basic Ubuntu server
  • OpenSSH server
  • Mail server
  • PostgreSQL database (9.1+)

You may be working on an already-installed or automatically deployed system, in which case you can install them afterwards:

# Run these commands as your normal login (e.g. "michael")
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get -y upgrade
sudo tasksel install openssh-server
sudo tasksel install mail-server
sudo tasksel install postgresql-server

Configure the mail server:

screenshot of mail server type configuration screen

In our example setup, we're going to configure as a 'Satellite system', forwarding all mail to our egress servers for delivery. You'll probably want to do that unless you're handling mail on the same machine as the Discourse software.

screenshot of mail name configuration screen

You probably want to configure your 'mail name' to be the base name of your domain. Note that this does not affect any email sent out by Discourse itself, just unqualified mail generated by systems programs.

screenshot of relay host configuration screen

If you have a mail server responsible for handling the egress of email from your network, enter it here. Otherwise, leave it blank.

Additional system packages

Install necessary packages:

# Run these commands as your normal login (e.g. "michael")
sudo apt-get -y install build-essential libssl-dev libyaml-dev git libtool libxslt-dev libxml2-dev libpq-dev gawk curl pngcrush

Install latest stable redis, package in distro may be a bit old

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rwky/redis
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install redis-server

Web Server Option: nginx

At Discourse, we recommend the latest version of nginx (we like the new and shiny). To install on Ubuntu:

# Run these commands as your normal login (e.g. "michael")
# Remove any existing versions of nginx
sudo apt-get remove '^nginx.*$'

# Add nginx repo to sources.list
cat <<'EOF' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list

deb http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ precise nginx
deb-src http://nginx.org/packages/ubuntu/ precise nginx
EOF

# Add nginx key
curl http://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key | sudo apt-key add -

# install nginx
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get -y install nginx

Web Server Option: apache2

If you instead want to use apache2 to serve the static pages:

# Run these commands as your normal login (e.g. "michael")
# If you don't have apache2 yet
sudo apt-get install apache2

# Edit your site details in a new apache2 config file
sudo vim /etc/apache2/sites-available/your-domain.com

# Put these info inside and change accordingly

<VirtualHost *:80>
  ServerName your-domain.com
  ServerAlias www.your-domain.com

  DocumentRoot /srv/www/apps/discourse/public

  <Directory /srv/www/apps/discourse/public>
    AllowOverride all
    Options -MultiViews
  </Directory>

  # Custom log file locations
  ErrorLog  /srv/www/apps/discourse/log/error.log
  CustomLog /srv/www/apps/discourse/access.log combined
</VirtualHost>

# Install the Passenger Phusion gem and run the install
gem install passenger
passenger-install-apache2-module

# Next, we "create" a new apache2 module, passenger
sudo vim /etc/apache2/mods-available/passenger.load

# Inside paste (change the user accodingly)
LoadModule passenger_module /home/YOUR-USER/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/passenger-4.0.2/libout/apache2/mod_passenger.so

# Now the passenger module configuration
sudo vim /etc/apache2/mods-available/passenger.conf

# Inside, paste (change the user accodingly)
PassengerRoot /home/YOUR-USER/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.0.0-p0/gems/passenger-4.0.2
PassengerDefaultRuby /home/YOUR-USER/.rvm/wrappers/ruby-2.0.0-p0/ruby

# Now activate them all

sudo a2ensite your-domain.com
sudo a2enmod passenger
sudo service apache2 reload
sudo service apache2 restart

If you get any errors starting or reloading apache, please check the paths above - Ruby 2.0 should be there if you are using RVM, but it could get tricky.

Install Ruby with RVM

RVM Option: Systemwide installation

Taken from http://rvm.io/, the commands below installs RVM and users in the 'rvm' group have access to modify state:

# Run these commands as your normal login (e.g. "michael")
\curl -s -S -L https://get.rvm.io | sudo bash -s stable
sudo adduser $USER rvm
newgrp rvm
. /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh
rvm requirements

# Build and install ruby
rvm install 2.0.0
gem install bundler

RVM Option: Single-user installation

Another sensible option (especially if only one Ruby app is on the machine) is to install RVM isolated to a user's environment. Further instructions are below.

Discourse setup

Create Discourse user:

# Run these commands as your normal login (e.g. "michael")
sudo adduser --shell /bin/bash discourse
# If this fails, it's because you're doing the RVM single-user install.
# In that case, you could just not run it if errors make you squirrely
sudo adduser discourse rvm

Give Postgres database rights to the discourse user:

# Run these commands as your normal login (e.g. "michael")
sudo -u postgres createuser -s discourse
sudo -u postgres psql -c "alter user discourse password 'todayisagooddaytovi';"

Change to the 'discourse' user:

# Run this command as your normal login (e.g. "michael"), further commands should be run as 'discourse'
sudo su - discourse

Install RVM if doing a single-user RVM installation:

# As 'discourse'
# Install RVM
\curl -s -S -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
. ~/.bash_profile

# rvm added shell initialization code to ~/.bash_profile,
# move it to ~/.profile instead
cat ~/.bash_profile >> ~/.profile
rm ~/.bash_profile

# Install necessary packages for building ruby
rvm requirements

# If discourse does not have sudo permissions (likely the case), run:
rvm --autolibs=read-fail requirements
# and rvm will tell you which packages you (or your sysadmin) need
# to install before it can proceed. Do that and then resume next:

Continue with Discourse installation

# Build and install ruby
rvm install 2.0.0
gem install bundler

# Pull down the latest release
git clone git://github.com/discourse/discourse.git
cd discourse
git checkout latest-release

# Install necessary gems
bundle install --deployment --without test

If you have errors building the native extensions, ensure you have sufficient free system memory. 1GB with no swap isn't enough, we recommend having 2GB as a minimum.

Configure Discourse:

# Run these commands as the discourse user
cd ~/discourse/config
cp database.yml.production-sample database.yml
cp redis.yml.sample redis.yml
cp discourse.pill.sample discourse.pill
cp environments/production.rb.sample environments/production.rb

Edit ~/discourse/config/database.yml

  • change production db name if appropriate
  • change username/password if appropriate
  • set db_id if using multisite
  • change host_names to the name you'll use to access the discourse site

Edit ~/discourse/config/redis.yml

  • no changes if this is the only application using redis, but have a look

Edit ~/discourse/config/discourse.pill

  • change application name from 'discourse' if necessary
  • Ensure appropriate Bluepill.application line is uncommented
  • search for "host to run on" and change to current hostname
  • note: clockwork should run on only one host

Edit ~/discourse/config/initializers/secret_token.rb

  • uncomment secret_token line
  • replace SET_SECRET_HERE with secret output from 'RAILS_ENV=production rake secret' command in discourse directory
  • delete the lines below as per instructions in the file

Edit ~/discourse/config/environments/production.rb

Initialize the database:

# Run these commands as the discourse user
# The database name here should match the production one in database.yml
cd ~/discourse
createdb discourse_prod
RUBY_GC_MALLOC_LIMIT=90000000 RAILS_ENV=production rake db:migrate
RUBY_GC_MALLOC_LIMIT=90000000 RAILS_ENV=production rake assets:precompile

Not english? Set the default language as appropriate:

# Run these commands as the discourse user
cd ~/discourse
RAILS_ENV=production bundle exec rails c
SiteSetting.default_locale = 'fr'

# Not sure if your locale is supported? Check at the rails console:
LocaleSiteSetting.values
 => ["cs", "da", "de", "en", "es", "fr", "id", "it", "nb_NO", "nl", "pseudo", "pt", "ru", "sv", "zh_CN", "zh_TW"]

nginx setup

# Run these commands as your normal login (e.g. "michael")
sudo cp ~discourse/discourse/config/nginx.sample.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/discourse.conf

Edit /etc/nginx/nginx.conf:

  • add: server_names_hash_bucket_size 64; to the http section

If discourse will be the only site served by nginx, disable the nginx default site:

  • sudo mv /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf.disabled
  • Otherwise, only server_names configured below in discourse.conf will be passed to Discourse.

Edit /etc/nginx/conf.d/discourse.conf

  • edit server_name. Example: server_name cain.discourse.org test.cain.discourse.org;
  • change socket paths if discourse is installed to a different location
  • modify root location if discourse is installed to a different location

Reload nginx by running

# Run as your normal login (e.g. "michael")
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx reload

Bluepill setup

Configure Bluepill:

# Run these commands as the discourse user
gem install bluepill
echo 'alias bluepill="NOEXEC_DISABLE=1 bluepill --no-privileged -c ~/.bluepill"' >> ~/.bash_aliases
rvm wrapper $(rvm current) bootup bluepill
rvm wrapper $(rvm current) bootup bundle

Start Discourse:

# Run these commands as the discourse user
RUBY_GC_MALLOC_LIMIT=90000000 RAILS_ROOT=~/discourse RAILS_ENV=production NUM_WEBS=4 bluepill --no-privileged -c ~/.bluepill load ~/discourse/config/discourse.pill

Add the Bluepill startup to crontab.

# Run these commands as the discourse user
crontab -e

Add the following lines:

@reboot RUBY_GC_MALLOC_LIMIT=90000000 RAILS_ROOT=~/discourse RAILS_ENV=production NUM_WEBS=4 /home/discourse/.rvm/bin/bootup_bluepill --no-privileged -c ~/.bluepill load ~/discourse/config/discourse.pill

Note: in case of RVM system-wide installation RVM will be located in /usr/local/rvm directory instead of /home/discourse/.rvm, so update the line above respectively.

Log rotation setup

# Disabled for now - log rotation isn't *quite* complete
#0 0 * * * /usr/sbin/logrotate ~/discourse/config/logrotate.conf

Congratulations! You've got Discourse installed and running!

Now make yourself an administrator account. Browse to your discourse instance and create an account by logging in normally, then run the commands:

# Run these commands as the discourse user
cd ~/discourse
RAILS_ENV=production bundle exec rails c

# (in rails console)
> me = User.find_by_username_or_email('myemailaddress@me.com')
> me.activate #use this in case you haven't configured your mail server and therefore can't receive the activation mail.
> me.admin = true
> me.save

At this point we recommend you start going through the various items in the Discourse Admin Quick Start Guide to further prepare your site for users.

Site localization

Custom assets such as images should be placed somewhere under:

DISCOURSE_HOME/public/

For example, create a local directory and place it into:

DISCOURSE_HOME/public/uploads/local/michael.png

The corresponding site setting is:

logo_small_url: /uploads/local/michael.png

Updating Discourse

# Run these commands as the discourse user
bluepill stop
# Pull down the latest release
cd ~/discourse
git checkout master
git pull
git fetch --tags
# To run on the latest version instead of bleeding-edge:
#git checkout latest-release
bundle install --without test --deployment
RUBY_GC_MALLOC_LIMIT=90000000 RAILS_ENV=production rake db:migrate
RUBY_GC_MALLOC_LIMIT=90000000 RAILS_ENV=production rake assets:precompile
bluepill start

Note that if bluepill itself needs to be restarted, it must be killed with bluepill quit and restarted with the same command that's in crontab