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								:marked
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  We write **unit tests** to explore and confirm the **behavior** of parts of our application.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  我们编写**单元测试**来探索和确认我们应用程序的**行为**部分。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  1. They **guard** against breaking existing code (“regressions”) when we make changes.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  1. 当我们改变代码是,它们**守护**已有代码,以防被破坏。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  1. They **clarify** what  the code does both when used as intended and when faced with deviant conditions.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  1. 在我们正确使用代码和面对异常情况时,它们**澄清**代码做什么。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  1. They **reveal** mistakes in design and implementation. Tests force us to look at our code from many angles. When a part of our application seems hard to test, we may have discovered a design flaw, something we can cure now rather than later when it becomes expensive to fix.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  1. 它们**揭示**我们设计和实现的错误。测试强迫我们从多个角度看代码。当应用程序的一个部分看起来很难测试,我们可能会发现设计缺陷,这是我们可以立刻修复的,而不是等到它变得很难修复的时候。
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								a(id="top")
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								:marked
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  # Table of Contents  
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  # 目录
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  1. [Jasmine Testing 101](#jasmine-101)
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  1. [Jasmine测试101](#jasmine-101)
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - setup to run Jasmine tests in the browser
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - 设置浏览器来运行Jasmine测试
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - basic Jasmine testing skills
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - 基础Jasmine测试技能
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - write simple Jasmine tests in TypeScript
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - 实用TypeScript来编写简单的Jasmine测试
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - debug a test in the browser
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - 在浏览器里调试测试
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  1. [The Application Under Test](#aut)
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  1. [被测试的应用程序](#aut)
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  1. [First app test](#first-app-tests)
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  1. [第一个应用程序测试](#first-app-tests)
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - test a simple application interface outside of Angular
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - 在Angular之外, 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - where to put the test file
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - 测试文件存放到哪儿
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - load a test file with systemJS
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - 使用systemJS调用一个测试文件
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  1. [Pipe driven development](#pipe-testing)
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  1. [测试驱动开发一个管道](#pipe-testing)
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - create a test before creating a class
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - 在新建类之前,新建一个测试
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - load multiple test files in our test harness, using system.js
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - 使用system.js, 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - add the Angular 2 library to our test harness
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - 添加Angular 2的类库到我们的测试套装里
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - watch the new test fail, and fix it
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    - 看着新测试失败,然后修复它
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  1. Test an Asynchronous Service (forthcoming)
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - test an asynchronous service class outside of Angular
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - write a test plan in code
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - fake a dependency
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - master the `catch(fail).then(done)` pattern
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - move setup to `beforeEach`
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - test when a dependency fails
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - control async test timeout
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  1. The Angular Test Environment (forthcoming)
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - the Angular test environment and why we need help
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - add the Angular Test libraries to the  test harness
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - test the same async service using Angular Dependency Injection
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - reduce friction with test helpers
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - introducing spies
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  1. Test a Component (forthcoming)
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								     - test the component outside of Angular
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - mock the dependent asynchronous service
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - simulate interaction with the view (no DOM)
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - use a spy-promise to control asynchronous test flow
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  1. Test a Component in the DOM (forthcoming
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - test the component inside the Angular test environment
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - use the `TestComponentBuilder`
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - more test helpers
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - interact with the DOM
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    - bind to a mock dependent asynchronous service
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  1. Run the tests with karma (forthcoming)
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
										 
							
							
								  It’ 
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								a(href="#top").to-top Back to top
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								.l-hr
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								a(id="jasmine-101")
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								:marked
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  # Jasmine Testing 101
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  # Jasmine测试101
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								!= partial("../testing/jasmine-testing-101")
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								a(href="#top").to-top Back to top
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								.l-hr
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								a(id="aut")
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								:marked
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  # The Application to Test
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  # 被测试的应用程序
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								!= partial("../testing/application-under-test")
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								a(href="#top").to-top Back to top
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								.l-hr
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								a(id="first-app-tests")
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								:marked
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  # First app test
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  # 第一个应用程序测试
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								!= partial("../testing/first-app-tests")
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								a(href="#top").to-top Back to top
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								.l-hr
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								a(id="pipe-testing")
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								:marked
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  # Pipe driven development
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  # 测试驱动开发一个管道
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								!= partial("../testing/testing-an-angular-pipe")
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								a(href="#top").to-top Back to top
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								.alert.is-important
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								  :marked
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
								
									
								 
							
							
								    The testing chapter is still under development.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    Please bear with us as we both update and complete it.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								    测试章节正在开发中,请耐心,我们会更新并完成它。