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Browser support

Angular supports most recent browsers. This includes the following specific versions:

<th>
  Chrome
</th>

<th>
  Firefox
</th>

<th>
  Edge
</th>

<th>
  IE
</th>

<th>
  Safari
</th>

<th>
  iOS
</th>

<th>
  Android
</th>

<th>
  IE Mobile
</th>

<td>
  latest
</td>

<td>
  latest
</td>

<td>
  14
</td>

<td>
  11
</td>

<td>
  10
</td>

<td>
  10
</td>

<td>
  Nougat (7.0)<br>Marshmallow (6.0)
</td>

<td>
  11
</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>
  13
</td>

<td>
  10
</td>

<td>
  9
</td>

<td>
  9
</td>

<td>
  Lollipop<br>(5.0, 5.1)
</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>
  9
</td>

<td>
  8
</td>

<td>
  8
</td>

<td>
  KitKat<br>(4.4)
</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>
  7
</td>

<td>
  7
</td>

<td>
  Jelly Bean<br>(4.1, 4.2, 4.3)
</td>

<td>

</td>

Angular's continuous integration process runs unit tests of the framework on all of these browsers for every pull request, using SauceLabs and Browserstack.

Polyfills

Angular is built on the latest standards of the web platform. Targeting such a wide range of browsers is challenging because they do not support all features of modern browsers.

You compensate by loading polyfill scripts ("polyfills") for the browsers that you must support. The table below identifies most of the polyfills you might need.

The suggested polyfills are the ones that run full Angular applications. You may need additional polyfills to support features not covered by this list. Note that polyfills cannot magically transform an old, slow browser into a modern, fast one.

Enabling polyfills

Angular CLI users enable polyfills through the src/polyfills.ts file that the CLI created with your project.

This file incorporates the mandatory and many of the optional polyfills as JavaScript import statements.

The npm packages for the mandatory polyfills (such as zone.js) were installed automatically for you when you created your project and their corresponding import statements are ready to go. You probably won't touch these.

But if you need an optional polyfill, you'll have to install its npm package with npm or yarn. For example, if you need the web animations polyfill, you could install it with either of the following commands:

npm install --save web-animations-js yarn add web-animations-js

Then open the polyfills.ts file and un-comment the corresponding import statement as in the following example:

/** * Required to support Web Animations `@angular/platform-browser/animations`. * Needed for: All but Chrome, Firefox and Opera. http://caniuse.com/#feat=web-animation **/ import 'web-animations-js'; // Run `npm install --save web-animations-js`.

If you can't find the polyfill you want in polyfills.ts, add it yourself, following the same pattern:

install the npm package
import the file in polyfills.ts

Non-CLI users should follow the instructions below.

{@a polyfill-libs}

Mandatory polyfills

These are the polyfills required to run an Angular application on each supported browser:

<th>
  Browsers (Desktop & Mobile)
</th>

<th>
  Polyfills Required
</th>

<td>
  Chrome, Firefox, Edge, Safari 9+
</td>

<td>

  [ES7/reflect](guide/browser-support#core-es7-reflect) (JIT only)
</td>

<td>
  Safari 7 & 8, IE10 & 11, Android 4.1+
</td>

<td>


  [ES6](guide/browser-support#core-es6)
</td>

<td>
  IE9
</td>

<td>


  [ES6<br>classList](guide/browser-support#classlist)

</td>

Optional browser features to polyfill

Some features of Angular may require additional polyfills.

For example, the animations library relies on the standard web animation API, which is only available in Chrome and Firefox today. You'll need a polyfill to use animations in other browsers.

Here are the features which may require additional polyfills:

<th>
  Feature
</th>

<th>
  Polyfill
</th>

<th style="width: 50%">
   Browsers (Desktop & Mobile)
</th>

<td>

  [JIT compilation](guide/aot-compiler). 
  Required to reflect for metadata.
</td>

<td>

  [ES7/reflect](guide/browser-support#core-es7-reflect)
</td>

<td>
  All current browsers.
  Enabled by default.
  Can remove If you always use AOT and only use Angular decorators.
</td>

<td>

  [Animations](guide/animations)
</td>

<td>


  [Web Animations](guide/browser-support#web-animations)
</td>

<td>
  All but Chrome and Firefox<br>Not supported in IE9
</td>

<td>

If you use the following deprecated i18n pipes: [date](api/common/DeprecatedDatePipe), [currency](api/common/DeprecatedCurrencyPipe), [decimal](api/common/DeprecatedDecimalPipe) and [percent](api/common/DeprecatedPercentPipe)
</td>

<td>


  [Intl API](guide/browser-support#intl)
</td>

<td>
  All but Chrome, Firefox, Edge, IE11 and Safari 10
</td>

<td>

   [NgClass](api/common/NgClass) on SVG elements
</td>

<td>


  [classList](guide/browser-support#classlist)
</td>

<td>
  IE10, IE11
</td>

<td>

  [Http](guide/http) when sending and receiving binary data
</td>

<td>

  [Typed&nbsp;Array](guide/browser-support#typedarray)<br>
  [Blob](guide/browser-support#blob)<br>
  [FormData](guide/browser-support#formdata)
</td>

<td>
  IE 9
</td>

Suggested polyfills

Below are the polyfills which are used to test the framework itself. They are a good starting point for an application.

<th>
  Polyfill
</th>

<th>
  License
</th>

<th>
  Size*
</th>

<td>

  <a id='core-es7-reflect' href="https://github.com/zloirock/core-js/blob/master/es7/reflect.js">ES7/reflect</a>
</td>

<td>
  MIT
</td>

<td>
  0.5KB
</td>

<td>
  <a id='core-es6' href="https://github.com/zloirock/core-js">ES6</a>
</td>

<td>
  MIT
</td>

<td>
  27.4KB
</td>

<td>
  <a id='classlist' href="https://github.com/eligrey/classList.js">classList</a>
</td>

<td>
  Public domain
</td>

<td>
  1KB
</td>

<td>
  <a id='intl' href="https://github.com/andyearnshaw/Intl.js">Intl</a>
</td>

<td>
  MIT / Unicode license
</td>

<td>
  13.5KB
</td>

<td>
   <a id='web-animations' href="https://github.com/web-animations/web-animations-js">Web Animations</a>
</td>

<td>
  Apache
</td>

<td>
  14.8KB
</td>

<td>
  <a id='typedarray' href="https://github.com/inexorabletash/polyfill/blob/master/typedarray.js">Typed Array</a>
</td>

<td>
  MIT
</td>

<td>
  4KB
</td>

<td>
   <a id='blob' href="https://github.com/eligrey/Blob.js">Blob</a>
</td>

<td>
  MIT
</td>

<td>
  1.3KB
</td>

<td>
   <a id='formdata' href="https://github.com/francois2metz/html5-formdata">FormData</a>
</td>

<td>
  MIT
</td>

<td>
  0.4KB
</td>

* Figures are for minified and gzipped code, computed with the closure compiler.

{@a non-cli}

Polyfills for non-CLI users

If you aren't using the CLI, you should add your polyfill scripts directly to the host web page (index.html), perhaps like this.

<script src="node_modules/core-js/client/shim.min.js"></script> <script src="node_modules/web-animations-js/web-animations.min.js"></script>

<script src="node_modules/zone.js/dist/zone.js"></script>

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