1754 lines
52 KiB
Markdown
1754 lines
52 KiB
Markdown
# AngularJS to Angular Quick Reference
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# 从 AngularJS 到 Angular 快速参考
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{@a top}
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_Angular_ is the name for the Angular of today and tomorrow.
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_AngularJS_ is the name for all v1.x versions of Angular.
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_Angular_ 是 Angular 现在以及未来的名字,而 _AngularJS_ 则用来专指所有 Angular 的 1.x 版本。
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This guide helps you transition from AngularJS to Angular
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by mapping AngularJS syntax to the equivalent Angular syntax.
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本章提供了一个快速的参考指南,指出一些常用的AngularJS语法及其在Angular中的等价物。
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**See the Angular syntax in this <live-example name="ajs-quick-reference"></live-example>**.
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**参见 <live-example name="ajs-quick-reference"></live-example> 以学习 Angular 语法**
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## Template basics
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## 模板基础
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Templates are the user-facing part of an Angular application and are written in HTML.
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The following table lists some of the key AngularJS template features with their equivalent Angular template syntax.
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模板是Angular应用中的门面部分,它是用HTML写的。下表中是一些AngularJS中的关键模板特性及其在Angular中的等价语法。
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<table width="100%">
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<col width="50%">
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</col>
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<col width="50%">
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</col>
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<tr>
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<th>
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AngularJS
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</th>
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<th>
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Angular
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</th>
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</tr>
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<tr style=top>
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<td>
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### Bindings/interpolation
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### 绑定/插值表达式
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<code-example hideCopy>
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Your favorite hero is: {{vm.favoriteHero}}
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</code-example>
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In AngularJS, an expression in curly braces denotes one-way binding.
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This binds the value of the element to a property in the controller
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associated with this template.
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在AngularJS中,花括号中的表达式代表单向绑定。
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它把元素的值绑定到了与模板相关控制器的属性上。
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When using the `controller as` syntax,
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the binding is prefixed with the controller alias (`vm` or `$ctrl`) because you
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have to be specific about the source of the binding.
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当使用`controller as`语法时,该绑定需要用控制器的别名(`vm`)为前缀,这是因为我们不得不通过它来指定绑定源。
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</td>
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<td>
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### Bindings/interpolation
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### 绑定/插值表达式
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<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/movie-list.component.html" region="interpolation" linenums="false">
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</code-example>
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In Angular, a template expression in curly braces still denotes one-way binding.
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This binds the value of the element to a property of the component.
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The context of the binding is implied and is always the
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associated component, so it needs no reference variable.
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在Angular中,花括号中的模板表达式同样代表单向绑定。
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它把元素的值绑定到了组件的属性上。
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它绑定的上下文变量是隐式的,并且总是关联到组件。
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所以,它不需要一个引用变量。
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For more information, see the [Interpolation](guide/template-syntax#interpolation)
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section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
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要了解更多,请参见[模板语法](guide/template-syntax)中的[插值表达式](guide/template-syntax#interpolation)部分。
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr style=top>
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<td>
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### Filters
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### 过滤器
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<code-example hideCopy>
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<td>{{movie.title | uppercase}}</td>
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</code-example>
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To filter output in AngularJS templates, use the pipe character (|) and one or more filters.
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要在AngularJS中过滤输出,使用管道字符(|)以及一个或多个过滤器。
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This example filters the `title` property to uppercase.
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在这个例子中,我们把`title`属性过滤成了大写形式。
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</td>
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<td>
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### Pipes
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### 管道
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<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/app.component.html" region="uppercase" linenums="false">
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</code-example>
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In Angular you use similar syntax with the pipe (|) character to filter output, but now you call them **pipes**.
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Many (but not all) of the built-in filters from AngularJS are
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built-in pipes in Angular.
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在Angular中,我们使用相似的语法 —— 用管道字符(|)来过滤输出,但是现在直接把它叫做**管道**了。
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很多(但不是所有)AngularJS中的内置过滤器也成了Angular中的内置管道。
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For more information, see [Filters/pipes](guide/ajs-quick-reference#filters-pipes) below.
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请参见下面[过滤器/管道](guide/ajs-quick-reference#filters-pipes)了解更多信息。
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr style=top>
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<td>
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### Local variables
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### 局部变量
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<code-example hideCopy format="">
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<tr ng-repeat="movie in vm.movies">
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<td>{{movie.title}}</td>
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</tr>
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</code-example>
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Here, `movie` is a user-defined local variable.
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这里的`movie`是一个用户定义的局部变量
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</td>
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<td>
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### Input variables
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### 输入变量
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<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/app.component.html" region="local" linenums="false">
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</code-example>
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Angular has true template input variables that are explicitly defined using the `let` keyword.
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在Angular中,我们有了真正的模板输入变量,它需要使用`let`关键字进行明确定义。
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For more information, see the [ngFor micro-syntax](guide/template-syntax#microsyntax)
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section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
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要了解更多信息,请参见[模板语法](guide/template-syntax)中的[ngFor微语法](guide/template-syntax#microsyntax)部分。
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</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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[Back to top](guide/ajs-quick-reference#top)
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[返回顶部](guide/ajs-quick-reference#top)
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## Template directives
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## 模板指令
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AngularJS provides more than seventy built-in directives for templates.
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Many of them aren't needed in Angular because of its more capable and expressive binding system.
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The following are some of the key AngularJS built-in directives and their equivalents in Angular.
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AngularJS 为模板提供了七十多个内置指令。
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在 Angular 中,它们很多都已经不需要了,因为 Angular 有了一个更加强大、快捷的绑定系统。
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下面是一些AngularJS 中的关键指令及其在 Angular 中的等价物。
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<table width="100%">
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<col width="50%">
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</col>
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<col width="50%">
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</col>
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<tr>
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<th>
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AngularJS
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</th>
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<th>
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Angular
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</th>
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</tr>
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<tr style=top>
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<td>
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### ng-app
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<code-example hideCopy>
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<body ng-app="movieHunter">
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</code-example>
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The application startup process is called **bootstrapping**.
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应用的启动过程被称为**引导**。
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Although you can bootstrap an AngularJS app in code,
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many applications bootstrap declaratively with the `ng-app` directive,
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giving it the name of the application's module (`movieHunter`).
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虽然可以从代码中引导Angular应用,
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但很多应用都是通过`ng-app`指令进行声明式引导的,只要给它一个应用模块的名字(`movieHunter`)就可以了。
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</td>
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<td>
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### Bootstrapping
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### 引导
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<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/main.ts" title="main.ts" linenums="false">
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</code-example>
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<br>
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<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/app.module.1.ts" title="app.module.ts" linenums="false">
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</code-example>
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Angular doesn't have a bootstrap directive.
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To launch the app in code, explicitly bootstrap the application's root module (`AppModule`)
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in `main.ts`
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and the application's root component (`AppComponent`) in `app.module.ts`.
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Angular 没有引导指令。
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我们总是通过显式调用一个`bootstrap`函数,并传入应用模块的名字(`AppComponent`)来启动应用。
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For more information see the [Setup](guide/setup) page.
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要了解更多,参见[搭建本地开发环境](guide/setup)。
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr style=top>
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<td>
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### ng-class
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<code-example hideCopy format="">
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<div ng-class="{active: isActive}">
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<div ng-class="{active: isActive,
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shazam: isImportant}">
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</code-example>
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In AngularJS, the `ng-class` directive includes/excludes CSS classes
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based on an expression. That expression is often a key-value control object with each
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key of the object defined as a CSS class name, and each value defined as a template expression
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that evaluates to a Boolean value.
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在AngularJS中,`ng-class`指令会基于一个表达式来包含/排除某些CSS类。该表达式通常是一个“键-值”型的控制对象,
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对象中的每一个键代表一个CSS类名,每一个值定义为一个返回布尔值的模板表达式。
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In the first example, the `active` class is applied to the element if `isActive` is true.
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在第一个例子中,当`isActive`为真时,`active`类会被应用到元素上。
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You can specify multiple classes, as shown in the second example.
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就像第二个例子中展示的,可以指定多个CSS类。
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</td>
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<td>
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### ngClass
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<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/app.component.html" region="ngClass" linenums="false">
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</code-example>
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In Angular, the `ngClass` directive works similarly.
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It includes/excludes CSS classes based on an expression.
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在Angular中,`ngClass`指令用类似的方式工作。
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它根据一个表达式包含/排除某些CSS类。
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In the first example, the `active` class is applied to the element if `isActive` is true.
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在第一个例子中,如果`isActive`为真,则`active`类被应用到那个元素上。
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You can specify multiple classes, as shown in the second example.
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就像第二个例子中所展示的那样,可以同时指定多个类。
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Angular also has **class binding**, which is a good way to add or remove a single class,
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as shown in the third example.
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Angular还有**类绑定**,它是单独添加或移除一个类的好办法 —— 就像第三个例子中展示的。
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For more information see the [Attribute, class, and style bindings](guide/template-syntax#other-bindings)
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section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
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要了解更多信息,参见[模板语法](guide/template-syntax)中的[属性、CSS类和样式绑定](guide/template-syntax#other-bindings)部分。
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr style=top>
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<td>
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### ng-click
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<code-example hideCopy format="">
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<button ng-click="vm.toggleImage()">
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<button ng-click="vm.toggleImage($event)">
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</code-example>
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In AngularJS, the `ng-click` directive allows you to specify custom behavior when an element is clicked.
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在AngularJS中,`ng-click`指令指定当元素被点击时的自定义行为。
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In the first example, when the user clicks the button, the `toggleImage()` method in the controller referenced by the `vm` `controller as` alias is executed.
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在第一个例子中,如果用户点击了这个按钮,那么控制器的`toggleImage()`方法就会被执行,这个控制器是被`controller as`中指定的`vm`别名所引用的。
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The second example demonstrates passing in the `$event` object, which provides details about the event
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to the controller.
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第二个例子演示了传入`$event`对象,它提供了事件的详情,并被传到控制器。
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</td>
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<td>
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### Bind to the `click` event
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### 绑定到`click`事件
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<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/app.component.html" region="event-binding" linenums="false">
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</code-example>
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AngularJS event-based directives do not exist in Angular.
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Rather, define one-way binding from the template view to the component using **event binding**.
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AngularJS基于事件的指令在Angular中已经不存在了。
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不过,可以使用**事件绑定**来定义从模板视图到组件的单向数据绑定。
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For event binding, define the name of the target event within parenthesis and
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specify a template statement, in quotes, to the right of the equals. Angular then
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sets up an event handler for the target event. When the event is raised, the handler
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executes the template statement.
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要使用事件绑定,把目标事件的名字放在圆括号中,并且使用等号右侧引号中的模板语句对它赋值。
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然后Angular为这个目标时间设置事件处理器。当事件被触发时,这个处理器就会执行模板语句。
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In the first example, when a user clicks the button, the `toggleImage()` method in the associated component is executed.
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在第一个例子中,当用户点击此按钮时,相关组件中的`toggleImage()`方法就被执行了。
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The second example demonstrates passing in the `$event` object, which provides details about the event
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to the component.
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第二个例子演示了如何传入`$event`对象,它为组件提供了此事件的详情。
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For a list of DOM events, see: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Events.
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要查看DOM事件的列表,请参见[网络事件](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Events)。
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For more information, see the [Event binding](guide/template-syntax#event-binding)
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section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
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要了解更多,请参见[模板语法](guide/template-syntax)中的[事件绑定](guide/template-syntax#event-binding)部分。
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</td>
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</tr>
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<tr style=top>
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<td>
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### ng-controller
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<code-example hideCopy format="">
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<div ng-controller="MovieListCtrl as vm">
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</code-example>
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In AngularJS, the `ng-controller` directive attaches a controller to the view.
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Using the `ng-controller` (or defining the controller as part of the routing) ties the
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view to the controller code associated with that view.
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在AngularJS中,`ng-controller`指令把控制器附加到视图上。
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使用`ng-controller`(或把控制器定义为路由的一部分)把视图及其控制器的代码联系在一起。
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</td>
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<td>
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### Component decorator
|
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### Component装饰器
|
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||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/movie-list.component.ts" region="component" linenums="false">
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||
|
||
</code-example>
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In Angular, the template no longer specifies its associated controller.
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Rather, the component specifies its associated template as part of the component class decorator.
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在Angular中,模板不用再指定它相关的控制器。
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反过来,组件会在组件类的装饰器中指定与它相关的模板。
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For more information, see [Architecture Overview](guide/architecture#components).
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要了解更多,请参见[架构概览](guide/architecture#components)。
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</td>
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|
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</tr>
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<tr style=top>
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<td>
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### ng-hide
|
||
In AngularJS, the `ng-hide` directive shows or hides the associated HTML element based on
|
||
an expression. For more information, see [ng-show](guide/ajs-quick-reference#ng-show).
|
||
|
||
在AngularJS中,`ng-hide`指令会基于一个表达式显示或隐藏相关的HTML元素。
|
||
参见[ng-show](guide/ajs-quick-reference#ng-show)了解更多。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### Bind to the `hidden` property
|
||
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||
### 绑定`hidden`属性
|
||
|
||
In Angular, you use property binding; there is no built-in *hide* directive.
|
||
For more information, see [ng-show](guide/ajs-quick-reference#ng-show).
|
||
|
||
在Angular中,并没有一个内置的*hide*指令,可以改用属性绑定。
|
||
参见[ng-show](guide/ajs-quick-reference#ng-show)了解更多。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### ng-href
|
||
<code-example hideCopy format="">
|
||
<a ng-href="angularDocsUrl">Angular Docs</a>
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
The `ng-href` directive allows AngularJS to preprocess the `href` property so that it
|
||
can replace the binding expression with the appropriate URL before the browser
|
||
fetches from that URL.
|
||
|
||
`ng-href`指令允许AngularJS对`href`属性进行预处理,以便它能在浏览器获取那个URL之前,使用一个返回适当URL的绑定表达式替换它。
|
||
|
||
In AngularJS, the `ng-href` is often used to activate a route as part of navigation.
|
||
|
||
在AngularJS 中,`ng-href`通常用来作为导航的一部分,激活一个路由。
|
||
<code-example hideCopy format="">
|
||
<a ng-href="#movies">Movies</a>
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Routing is handled differently in Angular.
|
||
|
||
路由在Angular中的处理方式不同。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### Bind to the `href` property
|
||
|
||
### 绑定到`href`属性
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/app.component.html" region="href" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Angular uses property binding; there is no built-in *href* directive.
|
||
Place the element's `href` property in square brackets and set it to a quoted template expression.
|
||
|
||
在Angular中,并没有内置的*href*指令,改用属性绑定。
|
||
我们把元素的`href`属性放在方括号中,并把它设成一个引号中的模板表达式。
|
||
|
||
For more information see the [Property binding](guide/template-syntax#property-binding)
|
||
section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
|
||
|
||
要了解[属性绑定](guide/template-syntax#property-binding)的更多知识,参见[模板语法](guide/template-syntax)。
|
||
|
||
In Angular, `href` is no longer used for routing. Routing uses `routerLink`, as shown in the following example.
|
||
|
||
在Angular中,`href`不再用作路由,而是改用第三个例子中所展示的`routerLink`指令。
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/app.component.html" region="router-link" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
For more information on routing, see the [RouterLink binding](guide/router#router-link)
|
||
section of the [Routing & Navigation](guide/router) page.
|
||
|
||
要了解关于路由的更多信息,请参见[路由与导航](guide/router)的[RouterLink绑定](guide/router#router-link)部分。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### ng-if
|
||
<code-example hideCopy format="">
|
||
<table ng-if="movies.length">
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
In AngularJS, the `ng-if` directive removes or recreates a portion of the DOM,
|
||
based on an expression. If the expression is false, the element is removed from the DOM.
|
||
|
||
在AngularJS中,`ng-if`指令会根据一个表达式来移除或重建DOM中的一部分。如果表达式为假,元素就会被从DOM中移除。
|
||
|
||
In this example, the `<table>` element is removed from the DOM unless the `movies` array has a length greater than zero.
|
||
|
||
在这个例子中,除非`movies`数组的长度大于0,否则`<table>`元素就会被从DOM中移除。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### *ngIf
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/movie-list.component.html" region="ngIf" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
The `*ngIf` directive in Angular works the same as the `ng-if` directive in AngularJS. It removes
|
||
or recreates a portion of the DOM based on an expression.
|
||
|
||
Angular中的`*ngIf`指令与AngularJS中的`ng-if`指令一样,
|
||
它根据表达式的值移除或重建DOM中的一部分。
|
||
|
||
In this example, the `<table>` element is removed from the DOM unless the `movies` array has a length.
|
||
|
||
在这个例子中,除非`movies`数组的长度大于0,否则`<table>`元素就会被从DOM中移除。
|
||
|
||
The (*) before `ngIf` is required in this example.
|
||
For more information, see [Structural Directives](guide/structural-directives).
|
||
|
||
在这个例子中`ngIf`前的星号(*)是必须的。
|
||
要了解更多信息,参见[结构型指令](guide/structural-directives)。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### ng-model
|
||
<code-example hideCopy format="">
|
||
<input ng-model="vm.favoriteHero"/>
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
In AngularJS, the `ng-model` directive binds a form control to a property in the controller associated with the template.
|
||
This provides **two-way binding**, whereby any change made to the value in the view is synchronized with the model, and any change to the model is synchronized with the value in the view.
|
||
|
||
在Angular1中,`ng-model`指令把一个表单控件绑定到了模板相关控制器的一个属性上。
|
||
这提供了**双向绑定**功能,因此,任何对视图中值的改动,都会同步到模型中,对模型的改动,也会同步到视图中。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### ngModel
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/movie-list.component.html" region="ngModel" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
In Angular, **two-way binding** is denoted by `[()]`, descriptively referred to as a "banana in a box". This syntax is a shortcut for defining both property binding (from the component to the view)
|
||
and event binding (from the view to the component), thereby providing two-way binding.
|
||
|
||
在Angular中,**双向绑定**使用[()]标记出来,它被形象的比作“盒子中的香蕉”。
|
||
这种语法是一个简写形式,用来同时定义一个属性绑定(从组件到视图)和一个事件绑定(从视图到组件),因此,我们得到了双向绑定。
|
||
|
||
For more information on two-way binding with `ngModel`, see the [NgModel—Two-way binding to
|
||
form elements with `[(ngModel)]`](../guide/template-syntax.html#ngModel)
|
||
section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
|
||
|
||
要了解使用ngModel进行双向绑定的更多知识,参见[模板语法](guide/template-syntax)中的[NgModel—使用`[(ngModel)]`进行双向绑定](../guide/template-syntax.html#ngModel)部分。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### ng-repeat
|
||
<code-example hideCopy format="">
|
||
<tr ng-repeat="movie in vm.movies">
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
In AngularJS, the `ng-repeat` directive repeats the associated DOM element
|
||
for each item in the specified collection.
|
||
|
||
在Angular1中,`ng-repeat`指令会为指定集合中的每一个条目重复渲染相关的DOM元素。
|
||
|
||
In this example, the table row (`<tr>`) element repeats for each movie object in the collection of movies.
|
||
|
||
在这个例子中,对`movies`集合中的每一个`movie`对象重复渲染了这个表格行元素(`<tr>`)。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### *ngFor
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/movie-list.component.html" region="ngFor" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
The `*ngFor` directive in Angular is similar to the `ng-repeat` directive in AngularJS. It repeats
|
||
the associated DOM element for each item in the specified collection.
|
||
More accurately, it turns the defined element (`<tr>` in this example) and its contents into a template and
|
||
uses that template to instantiate a view for each item in the list.
|
||
|
||
Angular中的`*ngFor`指令类似于AngularJS中的`ng-repeat`指令。
|
||
它为指定集合中的每一个条目重复渲染了相关的DOM元素。
|
||
更准确的说,它把被界定出来的元素(这个例子中是`<tr>`)及其内容转成了一个模板,并使用那个模板来为列表中的每一个条目实例化一个视图。
|
||
|
||
Notice the other syntax differences:
|
||
The (*) before `ngFor` is required;
|
||
the `let` keyword identifies `movie` as an input variable;
|
||
the list preposition is `of`, not `in`.
|
||
|
||
请注意其它语法上的差异:
|
||
在`ngFor`前面的星号(*)是必须的;`let`关键字把`movie`标记成一个输入变量;列表中使用的介词是`of`,而不再是`in`。
|
||
|
||
For more information, see [Structural Directives](guide/structural-directives).
|
||
|
||
要了解更多信息,参见[结构性指令](guide/structural-directives)。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### ng-show
|
||
<code-example hideCopy format="">
|
||
<h3 ng-show="vm.favoriteHero">
|
||
Your favorite hero is: {{vm.favoriteHero}}
|
||
</h3>
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
In AngularJS, the `ng-show` directive shows or hides the associated DOM element, based on
|
||
an expression.
|
||
|
||
在AngularJS中,`ng-show`指令根据一个表达式来显示或隐藏相关的DOM元素。
|
||
|
||
In this example, the `<div>` element is shown if the `favoriteHero` variable is truthy.
|
||
|
||
在这个例子中,如果`favoriteHero`变量为真,`<div>`元素就会显示出来。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### Bind to the `hidden` property
|
||
|
||
### 绑定到`hidden`属性
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/movie-list.component.html" region="hidden" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Angular uses property binding; there is no built-in *show* directive.
|
||
For hiding and showing elements, bind to the HTML `hidden` property.
|
||
|
||
在Angular中,并没有内置的*show*指令,可以改用属性绑定。
|
||
要隐藏或显示一个元素,绑定到它的`hidden`属性就可以了。
|
||
|
||
To conditionally display an element, place the element's `hidden` property in square brackets and
|
||
set it to a quoted template expression that evaluates to the *opposite* of *show*.
|
||
|
||
要想有条件的显示一个元素,就把该元素的`hidden`属性放到一个方括号里,并且把它设置为引号中的模板表达式,它的结果应该是与*显示*时*相反*的值。
|
||
|
||
In this example, the `<div>` element is hidden if the `favoriteHero` variable is not truthy.
|
||
|
||
在这个例子中,如果`favoriteHero`变量不是真值,`<div>`元素就会被隐藏。
|
||
|
||
For more information on property binding, see the [Property binding](guide/template-syntax#property-binding)
|
||
section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
|
||
|
||
要了解关于属性绑定的更多信息,参见[模板语法](guide/template-syntax)中的[模板表达式](guide/template-syntax#property-binding)部分。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### ng-src
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy format="">
|
||
<img ng-src="{{movie.imageurl}}">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
The `ng-src` directive allows AngularJS to preprocess the `src` property so that it
|
||
can replace the binding expression with the appropriate URL before the browser
|
||
fetches from that URL.
|
||
|
||
`ng-src`指令允许AngularJS对`src`属性进行预处理,以便它能够在浏览器获取此URL之前,用一个返回适当URL的绑定表达式替换它。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### Bind to the `src` property
|
||
|
||
### 绑定到`src`属性
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/app.component.html" region="src" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Angular uses property binding; there is no built-in *src* directive.
|
||
Place the `src` property in square brackets and set it to a quoted template expression.
|
||
|
||
在Angular中,并没有一个内置的*src*指令,可以使用属性绑定。
|
||
把`src`属性放到方括号中,并且把它设为一个引号中的绑定表达式。
|
||
|
||
For more information on property binding, see the [Property binding](guide/template-syntax#property-binding)
|
||
section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
|
||
|
||
要了解属性绑定的更多知识,参见[模板语法](guide/template-syntax)中的[属性绑定](guide/template-syntax#property-binding)部分。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### ng-style
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy format="">
|
||
<div ng-style="{color: colorPreference}">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
In AngularJS, the `ng-style` directive sets a CSS style on an HTML element
|
||
based on an expression. That expression is often a key-value control object with each
|
||
key of the object defined as a CSS property, and each value defined as an expression
|
||
that evaluates to a value appropriate for the style.
|
||
|
||
在AngularJS中,`ng-style`指令根据一个绑定表达式设置一个HTML元素的CSS样式。
|
||
该表达式通常是一个“键-值”形式的控制对象,对象的每个键都是一个CSS属性,每个值都是一个能计算为此样式的合适值的表达式。
|
||
|
||
In the example, the `color` style is set to the current value of the `colorPreference` variable.
|
||
|
||
在这个例子中,`color`样式被设置为`colorPreference`变量的当前值。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### ngStyle
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/app.component.html" region="ngStyle" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
In Angular, the `ngStyle` directive works similarly. It sets a CSS style on an HTML element based on an expression.
|
||
|
||
在Angular中,`ngStyle`指令的工作方式与此类似。它根据一个表达式设置HTML元素上的CSS样式。
|
||
|
||
In the first example, the `color` style is set to the current value of the `colorPreference` variable.
|
||
|
||
在第一个例子中,`color`样式被设置成了`colorPreference`变量的当前值。
|
||
|
||
Angular also has **style binding**, which is good way to set a single style. This is shown in the second example.
|
||
|
||
Angular还有**样式绑定**语法,它是单独设置一个样式的好方法。它展示在第二个例子中。
|
||
|
||
For more information on style binding, see the [Style binding](guide/template-syntax#style-binding) section of the
|
||
[Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
|
||
|
||
要了解样式绑定的更多知识,参见[模板语法](guide/template-syntax)中的[样式绑定](guide/template-syntax#style-binding)部分。
|
||
|
||
For more information on the `ngStyle` directive, see [NgStyle](guide/template-syntax#ngStyle)
|
||
section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
|
||
|
||
要了解关于`ngStyle`指令的更多知识,参见[模板语法](guide/template-syntax)中的[NgStyle](guide/template-syntax#ngStyle)部分。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### ng-switch
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy format="">
|
||
<div ng-switch="vm.favoriteHero &&
|
||
vm.checkMovieHero(vm.favoriteHero)">
|
||
<div ng-switch-when="true">
|
||
Excellent choice!
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div ng-switch-when="false">
|
||
No movie, sorry!
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div ng-switch-default>
|
||
Please enter your favorite hero.
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
In AngularJS, the `ng-switch` directive swaps the contents of
|
||
an element by selecting one of the templates based on the current value of an expression.
|
||
|
||
在Angular1中,`ng-switch`指令根据一个表达式的当前值把元素的内容替换成几个模板之一。
|
||
|
||
In this example, if `favoriteHero` is not set, the template displays "Please enter ...".
|
||
If `favoriteHero` is set, it checks the movie hero by calling a controller method.
|
||
If that method returns `true`, the template displays "Excellent choice!".
|
||
If that methods returns `false`, the template displays "No movie, sorry!".
|
||
|
||
在这个例子中,如果`favoriteHero`没有设置,则模板显示“Please enter ...”。
|
||
如果`favoriteHero`设置过,它就会通过调用一个控制其方法来检查它是否电影里的英雄。
|
||
如果该方法返回`true`,模板就会显示“Excellent choice!”。
|
||
如果该方法返回`false`,该模板就会显示“No movie, sorry!”。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### ngSwitch
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/movie-list.component.html" region="ngSwitch" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
In Angular, the `ngSwitch` directive works similarly.
|
||
It displays an element whose `*ngSwitchCase` matches the current `ngSwitch` expression value.
|
||
|
||
在Angular中,`ngSwitch`指令的工作方式与此类似。
|
||
它会显示那个与`ngSwitch`表达式的当前值匹配的那个`*ngSwitchCase`所在的元素。
|
||
|
||
In this example, if `favoriteHero` is not set, the `ngSwitch` value is `null`
|
||
and `*ngSwitchDefault` displays, "Please enter ...".
|
||
If `favoriteHero` is set, the app checks the movie hero by calling a component method.
|
||
If that method returns `true`, the app selects `*ngSwitchCase="true"` and displays: "Excellent choice!"
|
||
If that methods returns `false`, the app selects `*ngSwitchCase="false"` and displays: "No movie, sorry!"
|
||
|
||
在这个例子中,如果`favoriteHero`没有设置,则`ngSwitch`的值是`null`,我们会看到
|
||
`*ngSwitchDefault`中的段落“Please enter ...”。
|
||
如果`favoriteHero`被设置了,它就会通过调用一个组件方法来检查电影英雄。
|
||
如果该方法返回`true`,我们就会看到“Excellent choice!”。
|
||
如果该方法返回`false`,我们就会看到“No movie, sorry!”。
|
||
|
||
The (*) before `ngSwitchCase` and `ngSwitchDefault` is required in this example.
|
||
|
||
在这个例子中,`ngSwitchCase`和`ngSwitchDefault`前面的星号(*)是必须的。
|
||
|
||
For more information, see [The NgSwitch directives](guide/template-syntax#ngSwitch)
|
||
section of the [Template Syntax](guide/template-syntax) page.
|
||
|
||
要了解更多信息,参见[模板语法](guide/template-syntax)中的[NgSwitch指令](guide/template-syntax#ngSwitch)部分。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
[Back to top](guide/ajs-quick-reference#top)
|
||
|
||
[回到顶部](guide/ajs-quick-reference#top)
|
||
|
||
|
||
{@a filters-pipes}
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
## Filters/pipes
|
||
|
||
## 过滤器/管道
|
||
|
||
Angular **pipes** provide formatting and transformation for data in the template, similar to AngularJS **filters**.
|
||
Many of the built-in filters in AngularJS have corresponding pipes in Angular.
|
||
For more information on pipes, see [Pipes](guide/pipes).
|
||
|
||
Angular中的**管道**为模板提供了格式化和数据转换功能,类似于AngularJS中的**过滤器**。
|
||
AngularJS中的很多内置过滤器在Angular中都有对应的管道。
|
||
要了解管道的更多信息,参见[Pipes](guide/pipes)。
|
||
|
||
|
||
<table width="100%">
|
||
|
||
<col width="50%">
|
||
|
||
</col>
|
||
|
||
<col width="50%">
|
||
|
||
</col>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
|
||
<th>
|
||
AngularJS
|
||
</th>
|
||
|
||
<th>
|
||
Angular
|
||
</th>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### currency
|
||
<code-example hideCopy>
|
||
<td>{{movie.price | currency}}</td>
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Formats a number as currency.
|
||
|
||
把一个数字格式化成货币。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### currency
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/app.component.html" region="currency" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
The Angular `currency` pipe is similar although some of the parameters have changed.
|
||
|
||
Angular的`currency`管道和1中很相似,只是有些参数变化了。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### date
|
||
<code-example hideCopy>
|
||
<td>{{movie.releaseDate | date}}</td>
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Formats a date to a string based on the requested format.
|
||
|
||
基于要求的格式把日期格式化成字符串。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### date
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/app.component.html" region="date" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
The Angular `date` pipe is similar.
|
||
|
||
Angular的`date`管道和它很相似。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### filter
|
||
<code-example hideCopy>
|
||
<tr ng-repeat="movie in movieList | filter: {title:listFilter}">
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Selects a subset of items from the defined collection, based on the filter criteria.
|
||
|
||
基于过滤条件从指定的集合中选取出一个子集。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### none
|
||
### 没了
|
||
For performance reasons, no comparable pipe exists in Angular. Do all your filtering in the component. If you need the same filtering code in several templates, consider building a custom pipe.
|
||
|
||
在Angular中,出于性能的考虑,并没有一个类似的管道。
|
||
过滤逻辑应该在组件中用代码实现。
|
||
如果它将被复用在几个模板中,可以考虑构建一个自定义管道。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### json
|
||
<code-example hideCopy>
|
||
<pre>{{movie | json}}</pre>
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Converts a JavaScript object into a JSON string. This is useful for debugging.
|
||
|
||
把一个JavaScript对象转换成一个JSON字符串。这对调试很有用。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### json
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/app.component.html" region="json" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
The Angular `json` pipe does the same thing.
|
||
|
||
Angular的`json`管道做完全相同的事。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### limitTo
|
||
<code-example hideCopy>
|
||
<tr ng-repeat="movie in movieList | limitTo:2:0">
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Selects up to the first parameter (2) number of items from the collection
|
||
starting (optionally) at the beginning index (0).
|
||
|
||
从集合中选择从(第二参数指定的)起始索引号(0)开始的最多(第一参数指定的)条目数(2)个条目。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### slice
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/app.component.html" region="slice" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
The `SlicePipe` does the same thing but the *order of the parameters is reversed*, in keeping
|
||
with the JavaScript `Slice` method.
|
||
The first parameter is the starting index; the second is the limit.
|
||
As in AngularJS, coding this operation within the component instead could improve performance.
|
||
|
||
`SlicePipe`做同样的事,但是*两个参数的顺序是相反的*,以便于JavaScript中的`slice`方法保持一致。
|
||
第一个参数是起始索引号,第二个参数是限制的数量。
|
||
和AngularJS中一样,如果们改用组件中的代码实现此操作,性能将会提升。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### lowercase
|
||
<code-example hideCopy>
|
||
<div>{{movie.title | lowercase}}</div>
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Converts the string to lowercase.
|
||
|
||
把该字符串转成小写形式。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### lowercase
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/app.component.html" region="lowercase" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
The Angular `lowercase` pipe does the same thing.
|
||
|
||
Angular的`lowercase`管道和1中的功能完全相同。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### number
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy>
|
||
<td>{{movie.starRating | number}}</td>
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Formats a number as text.
|
||
|
||
把数字格式化为文本。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### number
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/app.component.html" region="number" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
The Angular `number` pipe is similar.
|
||
It provides more functionality when defining
|
||
the decimal places, as shown in the second example above.
|
||
|
||
Angular的`number`管道很相似。
|
||
但在指定小数点位置时,它提供了更多的功能,如第二个范例所示。
|
||
|
||
Angular also has a `percent` pipe, which formats a number as a local percentage
|
||
as shown in the third example.
|
||
|
||
Angular还有一个`percent`管道,它把一个数组格式化为本地化的(local)百分比格式,如第三个范例所示。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### orderBy
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy>
|
||
<tr ng-repeat="movie in movieList | orderBy : 'title'">
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Displays the collection in the order specified by the expression.
|
||
In this example, the movie title orders the `movieList`.
|
||
|
||
使用表达式中所指定的方式对集合进行排序。
|
||
在这个例子中,`movieList`被根据movie的title排序了。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### none
|
||
### 没了
|
||
For performance reasons, no comparable pipe exists in Angular.
|
||
Instead, use component code to order or sort results. If you need the same ordering or sorting code in several templates, consider building a custom pipe.
|
||
|
||
在Angular中,出于性能的考虑,并没有一个类似的管道。
|
||
排序逻辑应该在组件中用代码实现。
|
||
如果它将被复用在几个模板中,可以考虑构建一个自定义管道。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
[Back to top](guide/ajs-quick-reference#top)
|
||
|
||
[回到顶部](guide/ajs-quick-reference#top)
|
||
|
||
|
||
{@a controllers-components}
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
## Modules/controllers/components
|
||
|
||
## 模块/控制器/组件
|
||
|
||
In both AngularJS and Angular, modules help you organize your application into cohesive blocks of functionality.
|
||
|
||
无论在AngularJS还是Angular中,我们都要借助“模块”来把应用拆分成一些紧密相关的功能块。
|
||
|
||
In AngularJS, you write the code that provides the model and the methods for the view in a **controller**.
|
||
In Angular, you build a **component**.
|
||
|
||
在AngularJS中,我们在**控制器**中写代码,来为视图提供模型和方法。
|
||
在Angular中,我们创建**组件**。
|
||
|
||
Because much AngularJS code is in JavaScript, JavaScript code is shown in the AngularJS column.
|
||
The Angular code is shown using TypeScript.
|
||
|
||
因为很多AngularJS的代码是用JavaScript写的,所以在AngularJS列显示的是JavaScript代码,而Angular列显示的是TypeScript代码。
|
||
|
||
|
||
<table width="100%">
|
||
|
||
<col width="50%">
|
||
|
||
</col>
|
||
|
||
<col width="50%">
|
||
|
||
</col>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
|
||
<th>
|
||
AngularJS
|
||
</th>
|
||
|
||
<th>
|
||
Angular
|
||
</th>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### IIFE
|
||
<code-example hideCopy>
|
||
(function () {
|
||
...
|
||
}());
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
In AngularJS, an immediately invoked function expression (or IIFE) around controller code
|
||
keeps it out of the global namespace.
|
||
|
||
在AngularJS中,用立即调用的函数表达式(IIFE)来包裹控制器代码可以让控制器代码不会污染全局命名空间。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### none
|
||
|
||
### 没了
|
||
|
||
This is a nonissue in Angular because ES 2015 modules
|
||
handle the namespacing for you.
|
||
|
||
在Angular中我们不用担心这个问题,因为使用ES 2015的模块,模块会替我们处理命名空间问题。
|
||
|
||
For more information on modules, see the [Modules](guide/architecture#modules) section of the
|
||
[Architecture Overview](guide/architecture).
|
||
|
||
要了解关于模块的更多信息,参见[架构概览](guide/architecture)中的[模块](guide/architecture#modules)部分。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### Angular modules
|
||
|
||
### Angular模块
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy>
|
||
angular.module("movieHunter", ["ngRoute"]);
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
In AngularJS, an Angular module keeps track of controllers, services, and other code.
|
||
The second argument defines the list of other modules that this module depends upon.
|
||
|
||
在AngularJS中,Angular模块用来对控制器、服务和其它代码进行跟踪。第二个参数定义该模块依赖的其它模块列表。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### NgModules
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/app.module.1.ts" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
NgModules, defined with the `NgModule` decorator, serve the same purpose:
|
||
|
||
Angular的模块用`NgModule`装饰器进行定义,有如下用途:
|
||
|
||
* `imports`: specifies the list of other modules that this module depends upon
|
||
|
||
`imports`: 指定当前模块依赖的其它模块列表
|
||
|
||
* `declaration`: keeps track of your components, pipes, and directives.
|
||
|
||
`declaration`: 用于记录组件、管道和指令。
|
||
|
||
For more information on modules, see [NgModules](guide/ngmodule).
|
||
|
||
要了解关于模块的更多知识,参见[NgModules](guide/ngmodule)。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### Controller registration
|
||
### 控制器注册 <code-examplehideCopy>
|
||
angular
|
||
.module("movieHunter")
|
||
.controller("MovieListCtrl",
|
||
["movieService",
|
||
MovieListCtrl]);
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
AngularJS has code in each controller that looks up an appropriate Angular module
|
||
and registers the controller with that module.
|
||
|
||
在AngularJS中,在每个控制器中都有一些代码,用于找到合适的Angular模块并把该控制器注册进去。
|
||
|
||
The first argument is the controller name. The second argument defines the string names of
|
||
all dependencies injected into this controller, and a reference to the controller function.
|
||
|
||
第一个参数是控制器的名称,第二个参数定义了所有将注入到该控制器的依赖的字符串名称,以及一个到控制器函数的引用。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### Component decorator
|
||
|
||
### 组件装饰器
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/movie-list.component.ts" region="component" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
Angular adds a decorator to the component class to provide any required metadata.
|
||
The `@Component` decorator declares that the class is a component and provides metadata about
|
||
that component such as its selector (or tag) and its template.
|
||
|
||
在Angular中,我们往组件类上添加了一个装饰器,以提供任何需要的元数据。
|
||
`@Component`装饰器把该类声明为组件,并提供了关于该组件的元数据,比如它的选择器(或标签)和模板。
|
||
|
||
This is how you associate a template with logic, which is defined in the component class.
|
||
|
||
这就是把模板关联到代码的方式,它定义在组件类中。
|
||
|
||
For more information, see the [Components](guide/architecture#components)
|
||
section of the [Architecture Overview](guide/architecture) page.
|
||
|
||
要了解关于模板的更多信息,参见[架构概览](guide/architecture)中的[组件](guide/architecture#components)部分。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### Controller function
|
||
|
||
### 控制器函数
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy>
|
||
function MovieListCtrl(movieService) {
|
||
}
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
In AngularJS, you write the code for the model and methods in a controller function.
|
||
|
||
在Angular1中,我们在控制器函数中写模型和方法的代码。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### Component class
|
||
|
||
### 组件类
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/movie-list.component.ts" region="class" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
In Angular, you create a component class.
|
||
|
||
在Angular中,我们写组件类。
|
||
|
||
NOTE: If you are using TypeScript with AngularJS, you must use the `export` keyword to export the component class.
|
||
|
||
注意:如果你正在用TypeScript写AngularJS,那么必须用`export`关键字来导出组件类。
|
||
|
||
For more information, see the [Components](guide/architecture#components)
|
||
section of the [Architecture Overview](guide/architecture) page.
|
||
|
||
要了解关于组件的更多信息,参见[架构概览](guide/architecture)中的[组件](guide/architecture#components)部分。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### Dependency injection
|
||
|
||
### 依赖注入
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy>
|
||
MovieListCtrl.$inject = ['MovieService'];
|
||
function MovieListCtrl(movieService) {
|
||
}
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
In AngularJS, you pass in any dependencies as controller function arguments.
|
||
This example injects a `MovieService`.
|
||
|
||
在AngularJS中,我们把所有依赖都作为控制器函数的参数。
|
||
在这个例子中,我们注入了一个`MovieService`。
|
||
|
||
To guard against minification problems, tell Angular explicitly
|
||
that it should inject an instance of the `MovieService` in the first parameter.
|
||
|
||
我们还通过在第一个参数明确告诉Angular它应该注入一个`MovieService`的实例,以防止在最小化时出现问题。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### Dependency injection
|
||
|
||
### 依赖注入
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/movie-list.component.ts" region="di" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
In Angular, you pass in dependencies as arguments to the component class constructor.
|
||
This example injects a `MovieService`.
|
||
The first parameter's TypeScript type tells Angular what to inject, even after minification.
|
||
|
||
在Angular中,我们把依赖作为组件构造函数的参数传入。
|
||
在这个例子中,我们注入了一个`MovieService`。
|
||
即使在最小化之后,第一个参数的TypeScript类型也会告诉Angular它该注入什么。
|
||
|
||
For more information, see the [Dependency injection](guide/architecture#dependency-injection)
|
||
section of the [Architecture Overview](guide/architecture).
|
||
|
||
要了解关于依赖注入的更多信息,参见[架构概览](guide/architecture)中的[依赖注入](guide/architecture#dependency-injection)部分。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
[Back to top](guide/ajs-quick-reference#top)
|
||
|
||
[回到顶部](guide/ajs-quick-reference#top)
|
||
|
||
|
||
{@a style-sheets}
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
## Style sheets
|
||
|
||
## 样式表
|
||
|
||
Style sheets give your application a nice look.
|
||
In AngularJS, you specify the style sheets for your entire application.
|
||
As the application grows over time, the styles for the many parts of the application
|
||
merge, which can cause unexpected results.
|
||
In Angular, you can still define style sheets for your entire application. But now you can
|
||
also encapsulate a style sheet within a specific component.
|
||
|
||
样式表美化我们的应用程序。
|
||
在AngularJS中,我们为整个应用程序指定样式表。
|
||
当应用程序成长一段时间之后,应用程序中很多部分的样式会被合并,导致无法预计的后果。
|
||
在Angular中,我们仍然会为整个应用程序定义样式,不过现在也可以把样式表封装在特定的组件中。
|
||
|
||
|
||
<table width="100%">
|
||
|
||
<col width="50%">
|
||
|
||
</col>
|
||
|
||
<col width="50%">
|
||
|
||
</col>
|
||
|
||
<tr>
|
||
|
||
<th>
|
||
AngularJS
|
||
</th>
|
||
|
||
<th>
|
||
Angular
|
||
</th>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
<tr style=top>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### Link tag
|
||
<code-example hideCopy>
|
||
<link href="styles.css" rel="stylesheet" />
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
AngularJS, uses a `link` tag in the head section of the `index.html` file
|
||
to define the styles for the application.
|
||
|
||
在AngularJS中,我们在`index.html`的`head`区使用`link`标签来为应用程序定义样式。
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
<td>
|
||
|
||
|
||
### Link tag
|
||
|
||
### Link标签
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/index.html" region="style" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
In Angular, you can continue to use the link tag to define the styles for your application in the `index.html` file.
|
||
But now you can also encapsulate styles for your components.
|
||
|
||
在Angular2中,我们可以继续在`index.html`中使用link标签来为应用程序定义样式。
|
||
但是也能在组件中封装样式。
|
||
|
||
|
||
### StyleUrls
|
||
In Angular, you can use the `styles` or `styleUrls` property of the `@Component` metadata to define
|
||
a style sheet for a particular component.
|
||
|
||
在Angular中,我们可以在`@Component`的元数据中使用`styles`或`styleUrls`属性来为一个特定的组件定义样式表。
|
||
|
||
<code-example hideCopy path="ajs-quick-reference/src/app/movie-list.component.ts" region="style-url" linenums="false">
|
||
|
||
</code-example>
|
||
|
||
|
||
This allows you to set appropriate styles for individual components that won’t leak into
|
||
other parts of the application.
|
||
|
||
这让我们可以为各个组件设置合适的样式,而不用担心它被泄漏到程序中的其它部分。
|
||
|
||
</td>
|
||
|
||
</tr>
|
||
|
||
</table>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
[Back to top](guide/ajs-quick-reference#top)
|
||
|
||
[回到顶部](guide/ajs-quick-reference#top)
|