opensearch-docs-cn/_security-plugin/access-control/multi-tenancy.md

layout	title	parent	nav_order
default	OpenSearch Dashboards multi-tenancy	Access control	30

OpenSearch Dashboards multi-tenancy

Tenants in OpenSearch Dashboards are spaces for saving index patterns, visualizations, dashboards, and other OpenSearch Dashboards objects. Tenants are useful for safely sharing your work with other OpenSearch Dashboards users. You can control which roles have access to a tenant and whether those roles have read or write access. By default, all OpenSearch Dashboards users have access to two independent tenants:

• Private - This tenant is exclusive to each user and can't be shared. You can't use it to access routes or index patterns made by the user's global tenant.
• Global - This tenant is shared between every OpenSearch Dashboards user.

The global tenant is not a primary tenant such that any action done within the global tenant is not replicated to a user's private tenant. If you make a change to your global tenant, you won't see that change reflected in your private tenant. Some example changes include, but are not limited to:

• Change advanced settings
• Create visualizations
• Create index patterns

You might use the private tenant for exploratory work, create detailed visualizations with your team in an analysts tenant, and maintain a summary dashboard for corporate leadership in an executive tenant.

If you share a visualization or dashboard with someone, you can see that the URL includes the tenant:

http://<opensearch_dashboards_host>:5601/app/opensearch-dashboards?security_tenant=analysts#/visualize/edit/c501fa50-7e52-11e9-ae4e-b5d69947d32e?_g=()

Configuration

Multi-tenancy is enabled by default, but you can disable it or change its settings using config/opensearch-security/config.yml:

config:
  dynamic:
    opensearch-dashboards:
      multitenancy_enabled: true
      server_username: opensearch
      index: '.opensearch-dashboards'
    do_not_fail_on_forbidden: false

Setting	Description
multitenancy_enabled	Enable or disable multi-tenancy. Default is true.
server_username	Must match the name of the OpenSearch Dashboards server user from opensearch_dashboards.yml. Default is dashboardserver.
index	Must match the name of the OpenSearch Dashboards index from opensearch_dashboards.yml. Default is .opensearch-dashboards.
do_not_fail_on_forbidden	If true, the security plugin removes any content that a user is not allowed to see from search results. If false, the plugin returns a security exception. Default is false.

opensearch_dashboards.yml has some additional settings:

opensearch.username: dashboardserver
opensearch.password: dashboardserver
opensearch.requestHeadersAllowlist: ["securitytenant","Authorization"]
opensearch_security.multitenancy.enabled: true
opensearch_security.multitenancy.tenants.enable_global: true
opensearch_security.multitenancy.tenants.enable_private: true
opensearch_security.multitenancy.tenants.preferred: ["Private", "Global"]
opensearch_security.multitenancy.enable_filter: false

Setting	Description
opensearch.requestHeadersAllowlist	OpenSearch Dashboards requires that you add all HTTP headers to the allow list so that the headers pass to OpenSearch. Multi-tenancy uses a specific header, securitytenant, that must be present with the standard Authorization header. If the securitytenant header is not on the allow list, OpenSearch Dashboards starts with a red status.
opensearch_security.multitenancy.enabled	Enables or disables multi-tenancy in OpenSearch Dashboards. Default is true.
opensearch_security.multitenancy.tenants.enable_global	Enables or disables the global tenant. Default is true.
opensearch_security.multitenancy.tenants.enable_private	Enables or disables the private tenant. Default is true.
opensearch_security.multitenancy.tenants.preferred	Lets you change ordering in the Tenants tab of OpenSearch Dashboards. By default, the list starts with global and private (if enabled) and then proceeds alphabetically. You can add tenants here to move them to the top of the list.
opensearch_security.multitenancy.enable_filter	If you have many tenants, you can add a search bar to the top of the list. Default is false.

Add tenants

To create tenants, use OpenSearch Dashboards, the REST API, or tenants.yml.

OpenSearch Dashboards

1. Open OpenSearch Dashboards.
2. Choose Security, Tenants, and Create tenant.
3. Give the tenant a name and description.
4. Choose Create.

REST API

See Create tenant.

tenants.yml

---
_meta:
  type: "tenants"
  config_version: 2

## Demo tenants
admin_tenant:
  reserved: false
  description: "Demo tenant for admin user"

Give roles access to tenants

After creating a tenant, give a role access to it using OpenSearch Dashboards, the REST API, or roles.yml.

• Read-write (kibana_all_write) permissions let the role view and modify objects in the tenant.
• Read-only (kibana_all_read) permissions let the role view objects, but not modify them.

OpenSearch Dashboards

1. Open OpenSearch Dashboards.
2. Choose Security, Roles, and a role.
3. For Tenant permissions, add tenants, press Enter, and give the role read and/or write permissions to it.

REST API

See Create role.

roles.yml

---
test-role:
  reserved: false
  hidden: false
  cluster_permissions:
  - "cluster_composite_ops"
  - "indices_monitor"
  index_permissions:
  - index_patterns:
    - "movies*"
    dls: ""
    fls: []
    masked_fields: []
    allowed_actions:
    - "read"
  tenant_permissions:
  - tenant_patterns:
    - "human_resources"
    allowed_actions:
    - "kibana_all_read"
  static: false
_meta:
  type: "roles"
  config_version: 2

Manage OpenSearch Dashboards indices

The open source version of OpenSearch Dashboards saves all objects to a single index: .opensearch-dashboards. The security plugin uses this index for the global tenant, but separate indices for every other tenant. Each user also has a private tenant, so you might see a large number of indices that follow two patterns:

.opensearch-dashboards_<hash>_<tenant_name>
.opensearch-dashboards_<hash>_<username>

The security plugin scrubs these index names of special characters, so they might not be a perfect match of tenant names and usernames. {: .tip }

To back up your OpenSearch Dashboards data, take a snapshot of all tenant indices using an index pattern such as .opensearch-dashboards*.