opensearch-docs-cn/_clients/javascript/index.md

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JavaScript client

The OpenSearch JavaScript (JS) client provides a safer and easier way to interact with your OpenSearch cluster. Rather than using OpenSearch from the browser and potentially exposing your data to the public, you can build an OpenSearch client that takes care of sending requests to your cluster. For the client's complete API documentation and additional examples, see the JS client API documentation.

The client contains a library of APIs that let you perform different operations on your cluster and return a standard response body. The example here demonstrates some basic operations like creating an index, adding documents, and searching your data.

You can use helper methods to simplify the use of complicated API tasks. For more information, see Helper methods. For more advanced index actions, see the opensearch-js guides in GitHub.

Setup

To add the client to your project, install it from npm:

npm install @opensearch-project/opensearch

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To install a specific major version of the client, run the following command:

npm install @opensearch-project/opensearch@<version>

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If you prefer to add the client manually or only want to examine the source code, see opensearch-js on GitHub.

Then require the client:

const { Client } = require("@opensearch-project/opensearch");

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Connecting to OpenSearch

To connect to the default OpenSearch host, create a client object with the address https://localhost:9200 if you are using the Security plugin:

var host = "localhost";
var protocol = "https";
var port = 9200;
var auth = "admin:<custom-admin-password>"; // For testing only. Don't store credentials in code.
var ca_certs_path = "/full/path/to/root-ca.pem";

// Optional client certificates if you don't want to use HTTP basic authentication.
// var client_cert_path = '/full/path/to/client.pem'
// var client_key_path = '/full/path/to/client-key.pem'

// Create a client with SSL/TLS enabled.
var { Client } = require("@opensearch-project/opensearch");
var fs = require("fs");
var client = new Client({
  node: protocol + "://" + auth + "@" + host + ":" + port,
  ssl: {
    ca: fs.readFileSync(ca_certs_path),
    // You can turn off certificate verification (rejectUnauthorized: false) if you're using 
    // self-signed certificates with a hostname mismatch.
    // cert: fs.readFileSync(client_cert_path),
    // key: fs.readFileSync(client_key_path)
  },
});

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If you are not using the Security plugin, create a client object with the address http://localhost:9200:

var host = "localhost";
var protocol = "http";
var port = 9200;

// Create a client
var { Client } = require("@opensearch-project/opensearch");
var client = new Client({
  node: protocol + "://" + host + ":" + port
});

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Authenticating with Amazon OpenSearch Service: AWS Signature Version 4

Use the following code to authenticate with AWS V2 SDK:

const AWS = require('aws-sdk'); // V2 SDK.
const { Client } = require('@opensearch-project/opensearch');
const { AwsSigv4Signer } = require('@opensearch-project/opensearch/aws');

const client = new Client({
  ...AwsSigv4Signer({
    region: 'us-west-2',
    service: 'es',
    // Must return a Promise that resolve to an AWS.Credentials object.
    // This function is used to acquire the credentials when the client start and
    // when the credentials are expired.
    // The Client will refresh the Credentials only when they are expired.
    // With AWS SDK V2, Credentials.refreshPromise is used when available to refresh the credentials.

    // Example with AWS SDK V2:
    getCredentials: () =>
      new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        // Any other method to acquire a new Credentials object can be used.
        AWS.config.getCredentials((err, credentials) => {
          if (err) {
            reject(err);
          } else {
            resolve(credentials);
          }
        });
      }),
  }),
  node: 'https://search-xxx.region.es.amazonaws.com', // OpenSearch domain URL
});

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Use the following code to authenticate with the AWS V2 SDK for Amazon OpenSearch Serverless:

const AWS = require('aws-sdk'); // V2 SDK.
const { Client } = require('@opensearch-project/opensearch');
const { AwsSigv4Signer } = require('@opensearch-project/opensearch/aws');

const client = new Client({
  ...AwsSigv4Signer({
    region: 'us-west-2',
    service: 'aoss',
    // Must return a Promise that resolve to an AWS.Credentials object.
    // This function is used to acquire the credentials when the client start and
    // when the credentials are expired.
    // The Client will refresh the Credentials only when they are expired.
    // With AWS SDK V2, Credentials.refreshPromise is used when available to refresh the credentials.

    // Example with AWS SDK V2:
    getCredentials: () =>
      new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        // Any other method to acquire a new Credentials object can be used.
        AWS.config.getCredentials((err, credentials) => {
          if (err) {
            reject(err);
          } else {
            resolve(credentials);
          }
        });
      }),
  }),
  node: "https://xxx.region.aoss.amazonaws.com" // OpenSearch domain URL
});

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Use the following code to authenticate with AWS V3 SDK:

const { defaultProvider } = require('@aws-sdk/credential-provider-node'); // V3 SDK.
const { Client } = require('@opensearch-project/opensearch');
const { AwsSigv4Signer } = require('@opensearch-project/opensearch/aws');

const client = new Client({
  ...AwsSigv4Signer({
    region: 'us-east-1',
    service: 'es',  // 'aoss' for OpenSearch Serverless
    // Must return a Promise that resolve to an AWS.Credentials object.
    // This function is used to acquire the credentials when the client start and
    // when the credentials are expired.
    // The Client will refresh the Credentials only when they are expired.
    // With AWS SDK V2, Credentials.refreshPromise is used when available to refresh the credentials.

    // Example with AWS SDK V3:
    getCredentials: () => {
      // Any other method to acquire a new Credentials object can be used.
      const credentialsProvider = defaultProvider();
      return credentialsProvider();
    },
  }),
  node: 'https://search-xxx.region.es.amazonaws.com', // OpenSearch domain URL
  // node: "https://xxx.region.aoss.amazonaws.com" for OpenSearch Serverless
});

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Use the following code to authenticate with the AWS V3 SDK for Amazon OpenSearch Serverless:

const { defaultProvider } = require('@aws-sdk/credential-provider-node'); // V3 SDK.
const { Client } = require('@opensearch-project/opensearch');
const { AwsSigv4Signer } = require('@opensearch-project/opensearch/aws');

const client = new Client({
  ...AwsSigv4Signer({
    region: 'us-east-1',
    service: 'aoss',
    // Must return a Promise that resolve to an AWS.Credentials object.
    // This function is used to acquire the credentials when the client start and
    // when the credentials are expired.
    // The Client will refresh the Credentials only when they are expired.
    // With AWS SDK V2, Credentials.refreshPromise is used when available to refresh the credentials.

    // Example with AWS SDK V3:
    getCredentials: () => {
      // Any other method to acquire a new Credentials object can be used.
      const credentialsProvider = defaultProvider();
      return credentialsProvider();
    },
  }),
  node: "https://xxx.region.aoss.amazonaws.com" // OpenSearch domain URL
});

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Authenticating from within an AWS Lambda function

Within an AWS Lambda function, objects declared outside the handler function retain their initialization. For more information, see Lambda Execution Environment. Thus, you must initialize the OpenSearch client outside of the handler function to ensure the reuse of the original connection in subsequent invocations. This promotes efficiency and eliminates the need to create a new connection each time.

Initializing the client within the handler function poses a potential risk of encountering a ConnectionError: getaddrinfo EMFILE error. This error occurs when multiple connections are created in subsequent invocations, exceeding the system's file descriptor limit.

The following example AWS Lambda function code demonstrates the correct initialization of the OpenSearch client:

const { defaultProvider } = require('@aws-sdk/credential-provider-node'); // V3 SDK.
const { Client } = require('@opensearch-project/opensearch');
const { AwsSigv4Signer } = require('@opensearch-project/opensearch/aws');

const client = new Client({
  ...AwsSigv4Signer({
    region: 'us-east-1',
    service: 'es',  // 'aoss' for OpenSearch Serverless
    // Must return a Promise that resolve to an AWS.Credentials object.
    // This function is used to acquire the credentials when the client start and
    // when the credentials are expired.
    // The Client will refresh the Credentials only when they are expired.
    // With AWS SDK V2, Credentials.refreshPromise is used when available to refresh the credentials.

    // Example with AWS SDK V3:
    getCredentials: () => {
      // Any other method to acquire a new Credentials object can be used.
      const credentialsProvider = defaultProvider();
      return credentialsProvider();
    },
  }),
  node: 'https://search-xxx.region.es.amazonaws.com', // OpenSearch domain URL
  // node: "https://xxx.region.aoss.amazonaws.com" for OpenSearch Serverless
});

export const handler = async (event, context) => {
  const indexName = "books";

  const settings = {
    settings: {
      index: {
        number_of_shards: 4,
        number_of_replicas: 3,
      },
    },
  };

  // Use the already initialized client
  const response = await client.indices.create({
    index: indexName,
    body: settings,
  });

};

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Creating an index

To create an OpenSearch index, use the indices.create() method. You can use the following code to construct a JSON object with custom settings:

var index_name = "books";

var settings = {
  settings: {
    index: {
      number_of_shards: 4,
      number_of_replicas: 3,
    },
  },
};

var response = await client.indices.create({
  index: index_name,
  body: settings,
});

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Indexing a document

You can index a document into OpenSearch using the client's index method:

var document = {
  title: "The Outsider",
  author: "Stephen King",
  year: "2018",
  genre: "Crime fiction",
};

var id = "1";

var response = await client.index({
  id: id,
  index: index_name,
  body: document,
  refresh: true,
});

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Searching for documents

The easiest way to search for documents is to construct a query string. The following code uses a match query to search for "The Outsider" in the title field:

var query = {
  query: {
    match: {
      title: {
        query: "The Outsider",
      },
    },
  },
};

var response = await client.search({
  index: index_name,
  body: query,
});

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Updating a document

You can update a document using the client's update method:

var response = await client.update({
  index: index_name,
  id: id,
  body: {
    doc: {
      // Specify the fields and their updated values here
      field1: "new_value1",
      field2: "new_value2",
      // Add more fields as needed
    }
  }
});

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For example, the following code updates the genre field and adds a tv_adapted field to the document specified by id:

var response = await client.update({
    index: index_name,
    id: id,
    body: {
      doc: {
        genre: "Detective fiction",
        tv_adapted: true
      }
    },
    refresh: true
  });

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Deleting a document

You can delete a document using the client's delete method:

var response = await client.delete({
  index: index_name,
  id: id,
});

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Deleting an index

You can delete an index using the indices.delete() method:

var response = await client.indices.delete({
  index: index_name,
});

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Sample program

The following sample program creates a client, adds an index with non-default settings, inserts a document, searches for the document, deletes the document, and then deletes the index:

"use strict";

var host = "localhost";
var protocol = "https";
var port = 9200;
var auth = "admin:<custom-admin-password>"; // For testing only. Don't store credentials in code.
var ca_certs_path = "/full/path/to/root-ca.pem";

// Optional client certificates if you don't want to use HTTP basic authentication
// var client_cert_path = '/full/path/to/client.pem'
// var client_key_path = '/full/path/to/client-key.pem'

// Create a client with SSL/TLS enabled
var { Client } = require("@opensearch-project/opensearch");
var fs = require("fs");
var client = new Client({
  node: protocol + "://" + auth + "@" + host + ":" + port,
  ssl: {
    ca: fs.readFileSync(ca_certs_path),
    // You can turn off certificate verification (rejectUnauthorized: false) if you're using 
    // self-signed certificates with a hostname mismatch.
    // cert: fs.readFileSync(client_cert_path),
    // key: fs.readFileSync(client_key_path)
  },
});

async function search() {
  // Create an index with non-default settings
  var index_name = "books";
  
  var settings = {
    settings: {
      index: {
        number_of_shards: 4,
        number_of_replicas: 3,
      },
    },
  };

  var response = await client.indices.create({
    index: index_name,
    body: settings,
  });

  console.log("Creating index:");
  console.log(response.body);

  // Add a document to the index
  var document = {
    title: "The Outsider",
    author: "Stephen King",
    year: "2018",
    genre: "Crime fiction",
  };

  var id = "1";

  var response = await client.index({
    id: id,
    index: index_name,
    body: document,
    refresh: true,
  });

  console.log("Adding document:");
  console.log(response.body);

  // Search for the document
  var query = {
    query: {
      match: {
        title: {
          query: "The Outsider",
        },
      },
    },
  };

  var response = await client.search({
    index: index_name,
    body: query,
  });

  console.log("Search results:");
  console.log(JSON.stringify(response.body.hits, null, "  "));

  // Update a document
  var response = await client.update({
    index: index_name,
    id: id,
    body: {
      doc: {
        genre: "Detective fiction",
        tv_adapted: true
      }
    },
    refresh: true
  });

  // Search for the updated document
  var query = {
    query: {
      match: {
        title: {
          query: "The Outsider",
        },
      },
    },
  };

  var response = await client.search({
    index: index_name,
    body: query,
  });

  console.log("Search results:");
  console.log(JSON.stringify(response.body.hits, null, "  "));

  // Delete the document
  var response = await client.delete({
    index: index_name,
    id: id,
  });

  console.log("Deleting document:");
  console.log(response.body);

  // Delete the index
  var response = await client.indices.delete({
    index: index_name,
  });

  console.log("Deleting index:");
  console.log(response.body);
}

search().catch(console.log);

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Circuit breaker

The memoryCircuitBreaker option can be used to prevent errors caused by a response payload being too large to fit into the heap memory available to the client.

The memoryCircuitBreaker object contains two fields:

• enabled: A Boolean used to turn the circuit breaker on or off. Defaults to false.
• maxPercentage: The threshold that determines whether the circuit breaker engages. Valid values are floats in the [0, 1] range that represent percentages in decimal form. Any value that exceeds that range will correct to 1.0.

The following example instantiates a client with the circuit breaker enabled and its threshold set to 80% of the available heap size limit:

var client = new Client({
  memoryCircuitBreaker: {
    enabled: true,
    maxPercentage: 0.8,
  },
});

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