opensearch-docs-cn/_search-plugins/async/security.md

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default	Asynchronous search security	2	Asynchronous search	false	/docs/async/security/

Asynchronous search security

You can use the security plugin with asynchronous searches to limit non-admin users to specific actions. For example, you might want some users to only be able to submit or delete asynchronous searches, while you might want others to only view the results.

All asynchronous search indices are protected as system indices. Only a super admin user or an admin user with a Transport Layer Security (TLS) certificate can access system indices. For more information, see System indices.

Basic permissions

As an admin user, you can use the security plugin to assign specific permissions to users based on which API operations they need access to. For a list of supported APIs operations, see Asynchronous search.

The security plugin has two built-in roles that cover most asynchronous search use cases: asynchronous_search_full_access and asynchronous_search_read_access. For descriptions of each, see Predefined roles.

If these roles don’t meet your needs, mix and match individual asynchronous search permissions to suit your use case. Each action corresponds to an operation in the REST API. For example, the cluster:admin/opensearch/asynchronous_search/delete permission lets you delete a previously submitted asynchronous search.

(Advanced) Limit access by backend role

Use backend roles to configure fine-grained access to asynchronous searches based on roles. For example, users of different departments in an organization can view asynchronous searches owned by their own department.

First, make sure your users have the appropriate backend roles. Backend roles usually come from an LDAP server or SAML provider. However, if you use the internal user database, you can use the REST API to add them manually.

Now when users view asynchronous search resources in OpenSearch Dashboards (or make REST API calls), they only see asynchronous searches submitted by users who have a subset of the backend role. For example, consider two users: judy and elon.

judy has an IT backend role:

PUT _opensearch/_security/api/internalusers/judy
{
  "password": "judy",
  "backend_roles": [
    "IT"
  ],
  "attributes": {}
}

elon has an admin backend role:

PUT _opensearch/_security/api/internalusers/elon
{
  "password": "elon",
  "backend_roles": [
    "admin"
  ],
  "attributes": {}
}

Both judy and elon have full access to asynchronous search:

PUT _opensearch/_security/api/rolesmapping/async_full_access
{
  "backend_roles": [],
  "hosts": [],
  "users": [
    "judy",
    "elon"
  ]
}

Because they have different backend roles, an asynchronous search submitted by judy will not be visible to elon and vice versa.

judy needs to have at least the superset of all roles that elon has to see elon's asynchronous searches.

For example, if judy has five backend roles and elon has one of these roles, then judy can see asynchronous searches submitted by elon, but elon can’t see the asynchronous searches submitted by judy. This means that judy can perform GET and DELETE operations on asynchronous searches submitted by elon, but not the reverse.