opensearch-docs-cn/_search-plugins/sql/sql-full-text.md

layout	title	parent	nav_order
default	Full-Text Search	SQL	8

Full-text search

Use SQL commands for full-text search. The SQL plugin supports a subset of the full-text queries available in OpenSearch.

To learn about full-text queries in OpenSearch, see Full-text queries.

Match

Use the match command to search documents that match a string, number, date, or boolean value for a given field.

Syntax

match(field_expression, query_expression[, option=<option_value>]*)

You can specify the following options:

• analyzer
• auto_generate_synonyms_phrase
• fuzziness
• max_expansions
• prefix_length
• fuzzy_transpositions
• fuzzy_rewrite
• lenient
• operator
• minimum_should_match
• zero_terms_query
• boost

Example 1: Search the message field:

GET my_index/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "message": "this is a test"
    }
  }
}

SQL query:

SELECT message FROM my_index WHERE match(message, "this is a test")

Example 2: Search the message field with the operator parameter:

GET my_index/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "message": {
        "query": "this is a test",
        "operator": "and"
      }
    }
  }
}

SQL query:

SELECT message FROM my_index WHERE match(message, "this is a test", operator=and)

Example 3: Search the message field with the operator and zero_terms_query parameters:

GET my_index/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "message": {
        "query": "to be or not to be",
        "operator": "and",
        "zero_terms_query": "all"
      }
    }
  }
}

SQL query:

SELECT message FROM my_index WHERE match(message, "this is a test", operator=and, zero_terms_query=all)

To search for text in a single field, use MATCHQUERY or MATCH_QUERY functions.

Pass in your search query and the field name that you want to search against.

SELECT account_number, address
FROM accounts
WHERE MATCH_QUERY(address, 'Holmes')

Alternate syntax:

SELECT account_number, address
FROM accounts
WHERE address = MATCH_QUERY('Holmes')

account_number	address
1	880 Holmes Lane

Multi match

To search for text in multiple fields, use MULTI_MATCH, MULTIMATCH, or MULTIMATCHQUERY functions.

For example, search for Dale in either the firstname or lastname fields:

SELECT firstname, lastname
FROM accounts
WHERE MULTI_MATCH('query'='Dale', 'fields'='*name')

firstname	lastname
Dale	Adams

Query string

To split text based on operators, use the QUERY function.

SELECT account_number, address
FROM accounts
WHERE QUERY('address:Lane OR address:Street')

account_number	address
1	880 Holmes Lane
6	671 Bristol Street
13	789 Madison Street

The QUERY function supports logical connectives, wildcard, regex, and proximity search.

Match phrase

To search for exact phrases, use MATCHPHRASE, MATCH_PHRASE, or MATCHPHRASEQUERY functions.

SELECT account_number, address
FROM accounts
WHERE MATCH_PHRASE(address, '880 Holmes Lane')

account_number	address
1	880 Holmes Lane

Score query

To return a relevance score along with every matching document, use SCORE, SCOREQUERY, or SCORE_QUERY functions.

You need to pass in two arguments. The first is the MATCH_QUERY expression. The second is an optional floating point number to boost the score (default value is 1.0).

SELECT account_number, address, _score
FROM accounts
WHERE SCORE(MATCH_QUERY(address, 'Lane'), 0.5) OR
  SCORE(MATCH_QUERY(address, 'Street'), 100)
ORDER BY _score

account_number	address	score
1	880 Holmes Lane	0.5
6	671 Bristol Street	100
13	789 Madison Street	100