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layout	sidebar_current	page_title	description
docs	docs-provisioners-chef-client	Chef Client - Provisioners	The chef-client Packer provisioner installs and configures software on machines built by Packer using chef-client. Packer configures a Chef client to talk to a remote Chef Server to provision the machine.

Chef Client Provisioner

Type: chef-client

The Chef Client Packer provisioner installs and configures software on machines built by Packer using chef-client. Packer configures a Chef client to talk to a remote Chef Server to provision the machine.

The provisioner will even install Chef onto your machine if it isn't already installed, using the official Chef installers provided by Chef.

Basic Example

The example below is fully functional. It will install Chef onto the remote machine and run Chef client.

{
  "type": "chef-client",
  "server_url": "https://mychefserver.com/"
}

Note: to properly clean up the Chef node and client the machine on which packer is running must have knife on the path and configured globally, i.e, ~/.chef/knife.rb must be present and configured for the target chef server

Configuration Reference

The reference of available configuration options is listed below. No configuration is actually required.

chef_environment (string) - The name of the chef_environment sent to the Chef server. By default this is empty and will not use an environment.
config_template (string) - Path to a template that will be used for the Chef configuration file. By default Packer only sets configuration it needs to match the settings set in the provisioner configuration. If you need to set configurations that the Packer provisioner doesn't support, then you should use a custom configuration template. See the dedicated "Chef Configuration" section below for more details.
encrypted_data_bag_secret_path (string) - The path to the file containing the secret for encrypted data bags. By default, this is empty, so no secret will be available.
execute_command (string) - The command used to execute Chef. This has various configuration template variables available. See below for more information.
guest_os_type (string) - The target guest OS type, either "unix" or "windows". Setting this to "windows" will cause the provisioner to use Windows friendly paths and commands. By default, this is "unix".
install_command (string) - The command used to install Chef. This has various configuration template variables available. See below for more information.
json (object) - An arbitrary mapping of JSON that will be available as node attributes while running Chef.
knife_command (string) - The command used to run Knife during node clean-up. This has various configuration template variables available. See below for more information.
node_name (string) - The name of the node to register with the Chef Server. This is optional and by default is packer-{{uuid}}.
prevent_sudo (boolean) - By default, the configured commands that are executed to install and run Chef are executed with sudo. If this is true, then the sudo will be omitted. This has no effect when guest_os_type is windows.
run_list (array of strings) - The run list for Chef. By default this is empty, and will use the run list sent down by the Chef Server.
server_url (string) - The URL to the Chef server. This is required.
skip_clean_client (boolean) - If true, Packer won't remove the client from the Chef server after it is done running. By default, this is false.
skip_clean_node (boolean) - If true, Packer won't remove the node from the Chef server after it is done running. By default, this is false.
skip_install (boolean) - If true, Chef will not automatically be installed on the machine using the Chef omnibus installers.
ssl_verify_mode (string) - Set to "verify_none" to skip validation of SSL certificates. If not set, this defaults to "verify_peer" which validates all SSL certifications.
staging_directory (string) - This is the directory where all the configuration of Chef by Packer will be placed. By default this is "/tmp/packer-chef-client" when guest_os_type unix and "$env:TEMP/packer-chef-client" when windows. This directory doesn't need to exist but must have proper permissions so that the user that Packer uses is able to create directories and write into this folder. By default the provisioner will create and chmod 0777 this directory.
client_key (string) - Path to client key. If not set, this defaults to a file named client.pem in staging_directory.
validation_client_name (string) - Name of the validation client. If not set, this won't be set in the configuration and the default that Chef uses will be used.
validation_key_path (string) - Path to the validation key for communicating with the Chef Server. This will be uploaded to the remote machine. If this is NOT set, then it is your responsibility via other means (shell provisioner, etc.) to get a validation key to where Chef expects it.

Chef Configuration

By default, Packer uses a simple Chef configuration file in order to set the options specified for the provisioner. But Chef is a complex tool that supports many configuration options. Packer allows you to specify a custom configuration template if you'd like to set custom configurations.

The default value for the configuration template is:

log_level        :info
log_location     STDOUT
chef_server_url  "{{.ServerUrl}}"
client_key       "{{.ClientKey}}"
{{if ne .EncryptedDataBagSecretPath ""}}
encrypted_data_bag_secret "{{.EncryptedDataBagSecretPath}}"
{{end}}
{{if ne .ValidationClientName ""}}
validation_client_name "{{.ValidationClientName}}"
{{else}}
validation_client_name "chef-validator"
{{end}}
{{if ne .ValidationKeyPath ""}}
validation_key "{{.ValidationKeyPath}}"
{{end}}
node_name "{{.NodeName}}"
{{if ne .ChefEnvironment ""}}
environment "{{.ChefEnvironment}}"
{{end}}
{{if ne .SslVerifyMode ""}}
ssl_verify_mode :{{.SslVerifyMode}}
{{end}}

This template is a configuration template and has a set of variables available to use:

ChefEnvironment - The Chef environment name.
EncryptedDataBagSecretPath - The path to the secret key file to decrypt encrypted data bags.
NodeName - The node name set in the configuration.
ServerUrl - The URL of the Chef Server set in the configuration.
SslVerifyMode - Whether Chef SSL verify mode is on or off.
ValidationClientName - The name of the client used for validation.
ValidationKeyPath - Path to the validation key, if it is set.

Execute Command

By default, Packer uses the following command (broken across multiple lines for readability) to execute Chef:

{{if .Sudo}}sudo {{end}}chef-client \
  --no-color \
  -c {{.ConfigPath}} \
  -j {{.JsonPath}}

When guest_os_type is set to "windows", Packer uses the following command to execute Chef. The full path to Chef is required because the PATH environment variable changes don't immediately propogate to running processes.

c:/opscode/chef/bin/chef-client.bat \
  --no-color \
  -c {{.ConfigPath}} \
  -j {{.JsonPath}}

This command can be customized using the execute_command configuration. As you can see from the default value above, the value of this configuration can contain various template variables, defined below:

ConfigPath - The path to the Chef configuration file.
JsonPath - The path to the JSON attributes file for the node.
Sudo - A boolean of whether to sudo the command or not, depending on the value of the prevent_sudo configuration.

Install Command

By default, Packer uses the following command (broken across multiple lines for readability) to install Chef. This command can be customized if you want to install Chef in another way.

curl -L https://www.chef.io/chef/install.sh | \
  {{if .Sudo}}sudo{{end}} bash

When guest_os_type is set to "windows", Packer uses the following command to install the latest version of Chef:

powershell.exe -Command "(New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadFile('http://chef.io/chef/install.msi', 'C:\\Windows\\Temp\\chef.msi');Start-Process 'msiexec' -ArgumentList '/qb /i C:\\Windows\\Temp\\chef.msi' -NoNewWindow -Wait"

This command can be customized using the install_command configuration.

Knife Command

By default, Packer uses the following command (broken across multiple lines for readability) to execute Chef:

{{if .Sudo}}sudo {{end}}knife \
  {{.Args}} \
  {{.Flags}}

c:/opscode/chef/bin/knife.bat \
  {{.Args}} \
  {{.Flags}}

This command can be customized using the knife_command configuration. As you can see from the default value above, the value of this configuration can contain various template variables, defined below:

Args - The command arguments that are getting passed to the Knife command.
Flags - The command flags that are getting passed to the Knife command..
Sudo - A boolean of whether to sudo the command or not, depending on the value of the prevent_sudo configuration.

Folder Permissions

!> The chef-client provisioner will chmod the directory with your Chef keys to 777. This is to ensure that Packer can upload and make use of that directory. However, once the machine is created, you usually don't want to keep these directories with those permissions. To change the permissions on the directories, append a shell provisioner after Chef to modify them.

Examples

Chef Client Local Mode

The following example shows how to run the chef-client provisioner in local mode, while passing a run_list using a variable.

Local environment variables

# Machines Chef directory
export PACKER_CHEF_DIR=/var/chef-packer
# Comma separated run_list
export PACKER_CHEF_RUN_LIST="recipe[apt],recipe[nginx]"

Packer variables

Set the necessary Packer variables using environment variables or provide a var file.

"variables": {
  "chef_dir": "{{env `PACKER_CHEF_DIR`}}",
  "chef_run_list": "{{env `PACKER_CHEF_RUN_LIST`}}",
  "chef_client_config_tpl": "{{env `PACKER_CHEF_CLIENT_CONFIG_TPL`}}",
  "packer_chef_bootstrap_dir": "{{env `PACKER_CHEF_BOOTSTRAP_DIR`}}" ,
  "packer_uid": "{{env `PACKER_UID`}}",
  "packer_gid": "{{env `PACKER_GID`}}"
}

Setup the chef-client provisioner

Make sure we have the correct directories and permissions for the chef-client provisioner. You will need to bootstrap the Chef run by providing the necessary cookbooks using Berkshelf or some other means.

{
  "type": "file",
  "source": "{{user `packer_chef_bootstrap_dir`}}",
  "destination": "/tmp/bootstrap"
},
{
  "type": "shell",
  "inline": [
    "sudo mkdir -p {{user `chef_dir`}}",
    "sudo mkdir -p /tmp/packer-chef-client",
    "sudo chown {{user `packer_uid`}}.{{user `packer_gid`}} /tmp/packer-chef-client",
    "sudo sh /tmp/bootstrap/bootstrap.sh"
  ]
},
{
  "type": "chef-client",
  "server_url": "http://localhost:8889",
  "config_template": "{{user `chef_client_config_tpl`}}/client.rb.tpl",
  "skip_clean_node": true,
  "skip_clean_client": true,
  "run_list": "{{user `chef_run_list`}}"
}

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